Vascular shunts and stents

Abstract

The present invention provides a vascular bypass stent, comprising a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the inner lumen of the main tube. The main tube includes a tubular main covering, and at least one branch tube includes a tubular branch covering. The branch covering is accommodated in the inner lumen of the main covering. A first sealing membrane is provided between the distal ends of the main covering and the distal ends of the branch covering to separate the inner lumen of the main covering into a main cavity opening and at least one sub-cavity opening. The proximal end of the branch covering is provided with a proximal subcavity opening, and a leak-proof member is provided at least between the branch covering around the proximal subcavity opening and the inner surface of the main covering. The present invention also provides a vascular stent equipped with the vascular bypass stent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of implantable blood vessels, in particular to a blood vessel shunt frame and a blood vessel stent provided with the blood vessel shunt frame. Background Art

[0002] An aortic aneurysm is a localized or diffuse abnormal dilation of the aortic wall, which compresses surrounding organs and causes symptoms. Rupture is the primary risk. It commonly occurs in the ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta. Aortic aneurysms are structurally categorized as true aortic aneurysms and false aortic aneurysms. Aortic aneurysms increase intravascular pressure, leading to progressive enlargement. If prolonged, they may eventually rupture. The larger the aneurysm, the greater the likelihood of rupture.

[0003] Aortic dissection is also a serious aortic disease. Aortic dissection refers to the destruction of the thoracic aortic media, bleeding in the blood vessel wall, and blood entering the space between the media and adventitia of the blood vessel wall. Due to the impact of blood flow, once aortic dissection is formed, the tear can extend along the direction of blood flow, the dissection and false lumen expand, and compress the true lumen. Therefore, the possible dangers for patients with aortic dissection include: (1) the threat of complete rupture of the blood vessel. Once the blood vessel ruptures completely, the mortality rate is extremely high; (2) the dissection gradually expands and compresses the true lumen, reducing the blood supply to the distal end of the blood vessel. In most cases, aortic dissection is secondary to thoracic aortic aneurysm, or exists simultaneously with aortic aneurysm.

[0004] Aortic diseases are likely to involve branch arteries. Once branch arteries are involved, it will be difficult to solve the problem through interventional methods. At present, intravascular arterial treatment has been carried out both at home and abroad. That is, a minimally invasive method is used to insert a graft, i.e., an arterial stent, into the diseased artery through the vascular lumen to treat arterial disease and improve blood supply, thereby achieving the purpose of treatment. The arterial stent in the vascular lumen is composed of a tubular rigid wire stent and a polymer film fixed to the outside of the tubular rigid wire stent. The tubular rigid wire stent is made of elastic rigid wire that is folded into a ring after being Z-shaped. Multiple rings are then sutured or bonded together with the polymer film to form a covered stent. When used, the covered stent is axially compressed and loaded into a conveyor. The conveyor is sent to the diseased artery through the smaller femoral artery, iliac artery, and brachial artery and then released. Due to the elastic force of the metal wire stent, it automatically returns to a straight tube shape and adheres to the inner wall of the aorta, isolating the arterial diseased area from the blood flow, thereby achieving the purpose of treatment.

[0005] In the prior art, commonly used stents for the treatment of arterial branches include chimney stents, integrated multi-branch stents, and fenestrated stents. These stents are limited by their structure and are often prone to internal leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a blood vessel shunt frame capable of preventing endoleakage, and a blood vessel stent provided with the blood vessel shunt frame.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vascular diversion rack, which includes a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the inner cavity of the main tube, the main tube includes a tubular main covering, and at least one branch tube includes a tubular branch covering. The branch covering is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main covering, and a first sealing film is provided between the distal end of the main covering and the distal end of the branch covering to separate the inner cavity of the main covering into a main cavity opening and at least one sub-cavity opening. The proximal end of the branch covering is provided with a proximal sub-cavity opening, and a leak-proof part is provided at least between the branch covering around the proximal sub-cavity opening and the inner surface of the main covering.

[0008] The present invention also provides a vascular stent, which includes a main stent and a vascular shunt frame, the vascular shunt frame including a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the inner cavity of the main tube, the main tube including a tubular main covering, at least one branch tube including a tubular branch covering, the branch covering being accommodated in the inner cavity of the main covering, a first sealing film is provided between the distal end of the main covering and the distal end of the branch covering to separate the inner cavity of the main covering into a main cavity opening and at least one sub-cavity opening, a proximal end of the branch covering is provided with a proximal sub-cavity opening, and a leak-proof part is provided at least between the branch covering around the proximal sub-cavity opening and the inner surface of the main covering; one end of the main stent passes through the main cavity opening on the sealing film and is inserted into the main tube of the vascular shunt frame, and the leak-proof part is tightly fitted to the outer surface of the main stent.

[0009] The vascular shunt rack provided by the present invention is provided with a leak-proof part around the proximal end cavity opening of the branch covering and the inner surface of the main body covering, and the first sealing film is provided between the distal end of the main body covering and the distal end of the branch covering, so as to separate the inner cavity of the main body covering into a main cavity opening and at least one sub-cavity opening, and the distal end of the branch covering is sealed and connected to the periphery of the sub-cavity opening; therefore, when the main stent is inserted into the main cavity opening of the main tube, the edge of the main cavity opening of the first sealing film can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main tube, and the edge of the leak-proof part can also be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main tube, so that the distal and proximal ends of the vascular shunt rack are tightly attached to the outer surface of the main stent inserted into the main cavity opening, which can effectively prevent internal leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementations of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel diversion rack provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional decomposition of the branch pipe and leakage prevention parts.

[0013] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the leak-proof component of the vascular shunt rack provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt rack from another perspective.

[0016] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional decomposition of the vascular shunt rack and leak-proof parts.

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the knot of the leak-proof component of the vascular shunt rack provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 8 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided by a second embodiment of the present invention in one of its usage states.

[0019] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Cross-sectional view along line IX-IX.

[0020] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the leak-proof parts of the vascular shunt rack.

[0023] Figure 13FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention in one of its usage states.

[0024] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Cross-sectional view along line XIV-XIV.

[0025] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the leak-proof parts of the vascular shunt rack.

[0028] Figure 18 3D is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 20 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 22 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 23 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 24 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 25 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In addition, the following descriptions of the embodiments refer to the accompanying drawings to illustrate specific embodiments in which the present invention may be implemented. Directional terms used in the present invention, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and "side," are used solely with reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the use of directional terms is intended to better and more clearly illustrate and understand the present invention, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the present description, the "proximal end" refers to the end closest to the heart, and the "distal end" refers to the end further from the heart. The terms "high" and "low" are relative to the main tube membrane. The end extending beyond the main tube membrane is referred to as "high," while the end not extending beyond the main tube membrane is referred to as "low." These definitions are for convenience only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic perspective exploded view of the branch tubes and leak-proof components in the figure. The present invention provides a vascular diversion rack 100, comprising a main tube 20 and at least one branch tube 30 axially inserted into the inner cavity of the main tube 20. The main tube 20 comprises a tubular main covering 22, and at least one branch tube 30 comprises a tubular branch covering 31. The branch covering 31 is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main covering 22. A first sealing film 50 is provided between the distal ends of the main covering 22 and the distal ends of the branch covering 31 to separate the inner cavity of the main covering 22 into a main cavity opening 52 and at least one sub-cavity opening 54. A proximal end of the branch covering 31 is provided with a proximal sub-cavity opening 32. A leak-proof component 40 is provided at least between the branch covering 31 and the inner surface of the main covering 22 around the proximal sub-cavity opening 32. A distal sub-cavity opening 34 is provided at the distal end of the branch covering 31, and the distal sub-cavity opening 34 is sealedly connected to the periphery of the sub-cavity opening 54 of the first sealing film 50.

[0040] The vascular diversion rack 100 provided by the present invention is provided with a leak-proof part 40 around the proximal end cavity 32 of the branch coating 31 and the inner surface of the main body coating 22, and a first sealing film 50 is provided between the distal end of the main body coating 22 and the distal end of the branch coating 31 to separate the inner cavity of the main body coating 22 into a main cavity 52 and at least one sub-cavity 54, and the distal end of the branch coating 31 is sealed and connected to the periphery of the sub-cavity 54; therefore, when the main stent is inserted into the main cavity 52 of the main tube 20, the edge of the main cavity 52 of the first sealing film 50 can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main tube 20, and the edge of the leak-proof part 40 can also be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main tube 20, so that the distal and proximal ends of the vascular diversion rack 100 can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main stent inserted into the main cavity 52, which can effectively prevent internal leakage.

[0041] The main tube 20 also includes a main tube support frame 24 fixed on the wall surface of the main body coating 22. The branch tube 30 is surrounded by a tubular branch coating 31, thereby dividing the inner cavity of the main tube 20 into a main tube inner cavity 25 and a branch tube inner cavity 33. The proximal sub-cavity opening 32 is located at the proximal end of the branch tube inner cavity 33, and the distal sub-cavity opening 34 is located at the distal end of the branch tube inner cavity 33. The distal end of the main tube inner cavity 25 is connected to the main cavity opening 52, and the distal end of the branch tube inner cavity 33 is connected to the sub-cavity opening 54. The main tube 20 is the main structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100. The shape of the transverse end surface of the main tube 20 is circular or elliptical to match the blood vessel. The main tube support frame 24 is sutured to the main coating 22. The main tube support frame 24 is composed of a plurality of annular corrugated support rods 242 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the main coating 22. Each annular corrugated support rod 242 can be an equal-height wave annular support rod or a high-low wave annular support rod, etc. The equal-height wave annular support rod means that the heights of the various wave peaks on the annular corrugated support rod 242 are the same, and the heights of the various wave troughs are also the same, that is, the various wave peaks and the various wave troughs are on the same plane; the high-low wave annular support rod means that the heights of the various wave peaks on the annular corrugated support rod 242 are different, and the heights of the various wave troughs may also be different.

[0042] The main tube support frame 24 includes a plurality of sinusoidal annular corrugated support rods 242, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the main body covering 22. Each sinusoidal waveform of each annular corrugated support rod 242 includes a crest 2421, a trough 2423, and a connecting rod 2425 connecting the crest 2421 and the trough 2423. Each annular corrugated support rod 242 is woven from a superelastic nickel-titanium wire, the wire diameter of which can be selected from a range of 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm. Each annular corrugated support rod 242 is provided with a connecting sleeve that connects the opposite ends of the annular corrugated support rod 242. That is, the opposite ends of the annular corrugated support rod 242 are both received within the connecting sleeve, and the two ends of the nickel-titanium wire are then fixed inside the connecting sleeve by mechanical compression or welding.

[0043] In this embodiment, the annular corrugated support rod 242 is woven from nickel-titanium wire with a diameter of 0.2-0.8 mm, the number of the sine waves is 6-10, and the vertical height of the annular corrugated support rod 242 is 6-15 mm.

[0044] In other embodiments, the number of the sine waves may be other numbers, and the vertical height of the annular wave-shaped support rod 242 may be any height.

[0045] In other embodiments, the main tube support frame 24 can be a woven mesh structure or a cut mesh structure.

[0046] The main covering 22 and the branch coverings 31 are both made of polyester, PTFE, PET, or other polymer materials. The main tube support frame 24 is sewn to the main covering 22 with sutures. That is, the sutures can follow the waveform of each annular corrugated support rod 242 and follow the entire main tube support frame 24. The sutures can also be used to sew each annular corrugated support rod 242 to the main covering 22 using a plurality of suture knots distributed at uneven intervals.

[0047] like Figure 2As shown, the branch tube lumen 33 is formed by the independent encirclement of the branch coating 31, and the cavity between the branch coating 31 and the main body coating 22 is the main body tube lumen 25. Through this design, when the vascular diversion rack 100 is squeezed and gripped, the overall diameter of the vascular diversion rack 100 can be reduced, thereby reducing the diameter of the sheath used to assemble the delivery system, facilitating the delivery of the vascular diversion rack 100. The diameter of the main body tube lumen 25 is larger than the diameter of the branch tube lumen 33. The number of branch tubes 30 can be set according to actual needs, generally 1-4, preferably 1-3; the first sealing film 50 is provided with 1-4 sub-cavity openings 54 corresponding to the branch tubes 30, preferably 2-4 sub-cavity openings 54. The transverse end surface shapes of the main tube lumen 25 and the branch tube lumen 33 are circular, elliptical, fusiform, or irregularly curved.

[0048] In this embodiment, there is only one branch tube 30 , which is in contact with the inner surface of the main tube 20 , and the distal end of the branch tube 30 is in communication with the sub-cavity opening 54 .

[0049] A first sealing membrane 50 is disposed at the distal end of the main tube 20 and is sealedly connected to the main membrane 22. Both the main lumen opening 52 and the sub-lumen opening 54 are formed on the first sealing membrane 50. The distal end of the branch membrane 31 is sealedly connected to the first sealing membrane 50 corresponding to the sub-lumen opening 54. That is, the first sealing membrane 50 connects the main membrane 22 and the branch membrane 31 together and seals the gap between the main tube 20 and the branch tube 30. The opening area of ​​the main lumen opening 52 is smaller than the radial cross-sectional area of ​​the main membrane 22, and the opening area of ​​the sub-lumen opening 54 is smaller than the opening area of ​​the main lumen opening 52. The opening area of ​​the main lumen opening 52 is larger than the opening area of ​​a single sub-lumen opening 54. Preferably, the ratio of the opening area of ​​the main lumen opening 52 to the opening area of ​​a single sub-lumen opening 54 is 3:1-6:1. Furthermore, the opening area of ​​the main lumen opening 52 is larger than the sum of the opening areas of all sub-lumen openings 54, thereby providing more ample space for the main blood flow opening.

[0050] In other examples, the first sealing film 50 may be a plane parallel to the radial direction of the main tube 20 , that is, the first sealing film 50 is a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the main tube 20 .

[0051] In other embodiments, the opening area of ​​the main cavity opening 52 may also be the same as the opening area of ​​the sub-cavity opening 54 .

[0052] like Figure 1As shown, at least one branch tube 30 is sealed and docked with at least one sub-cavity 54 of the first sealing membrane 50. That is, the branch tube inner cavity 33 of the branch tube 30 is connected to the sub-cavity 54. The branch tube 30 is formed independently by the tubular branch coating 31, or is formed by the semi-tubular branch coating 31 and the main body coating 22. The first sealing membrane 50 is provided with a shaping ring at the edge of at least one sub-cavity 54, and a positioning ring is also provided at the edge of the proximal end cavity 32 of the branch tube 30; the two shaping rings are used to stretch the branch coating 31 so that the branch coating 31 maintains a tubular shape. When a branch stent is inserted into the sub-cavity 54, the shaping ring at the edge of at least one sub-cavity 54 can fix the branch stent in the branch tube 30, that is, the shaping ring can make the first sealing membrane 50 seal and adhere to the outer surface of the branch stent to prevent internal leakage. In addition, the branch tube 30 can extend the proximal anchoring area of ​​the branch stent to further fix the branch stent and increase the stability of the branch stent after release. The axial length of the branch tube 30 can be less than, greater than, or equal to the axial length of the main tube 20. When multiple branch tubes 30 are provided on the same vascular diversion rack 100, the first sealing membrane 50 can be provided with the aforementioned shaping ring at the distal edge of each branch tube 30, and the lengths of the branch tubes 30 can be the same or different.

[0053] The leak-proof member 40 is a leak-proof sheet connected to the periphery of the proximal terminal cavity 32, and is used to seal the gap between the main body membrane 22 and the proximal end of the branch membrane 31. Specifically, the leak-proof member 40 can be made up of several leak-proof sheets spliced ​​together, and these leak-proof sheets are respectively sealed between the inner surface of the main body membrane 22 and the outer surface of the proximal end of the branch membrane 31. These leak-proof sheets surround a through hole, and the edge of the through hole of the leak-proof member 40 is sealed and attached to the outer surface of the branch membrane 31; preferably, the edge of the through hole of the leak-proof member 40 is sealed and connected to the edge of the proximal terminal cavity 32, and the outer periphery of the leak-proof member 40 on the side facing away from the main cavity 52 is sealed and connected to the inner surface of the main body membrane 22.

[0054] In other embodiments, the through hole surrounded by the leak-proof sheet is not a complete through hole, and it can only be sealed and connected to the left and right sides of the branch coating 31. The rear side of the branch coating 31 is sealed and connected to the main coating 22. After the main bracket is implanted, the front side of the branch coating 31 can be sealed and connected to the main bracket.

[0055] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the leak-proof component 40 includes two leak-proof sheets, each of which is a leak-proof coating 41, and each leak-proof coating 41 is made of polyester cloth, PTFE, PET or other polymer materials; the two leak-proof coatings 41 are respectively sealed and connected between the edge of the proximal end cavity 32 of the branch coating 31 and the inner surface of the main coating 22. That is, a leak-proof coating 41 is provided on each of the two opposite sides of the proximal end of the branch coating 31, and each leak-proof coating 41 is connected between the branch coating 31 and the main coating 22. Through the design of the sheet-like leak-proof sheet, it is possible to more flexibly set the position of the leak-proof component, and it is also possible to reduce the amount of coating used in the vascular shunt rack as a whole, thereby reducing the diameter of the conveyor sheath. At the same time, the structure of the leak-proof component 40 is relatively small, and will not affect the patency of blood flow during the release process.

[0056] Preferably, each leak-proof covering 41 is a triangular leak-proof covering sheet, each leak-proof covering 41 including a first edge 411, a second edge 413, and a third edge 415 connected end to end. The first edge 411 of the leak-proof covering 41 is used for sealing connection to the branch covering 31, the second edge 413 of the leak-proof covering 41 is sealed to the main covering 22, and the third edge 415 of the leak-proof covering 41 is connected between the branch covering 31 and the main covering 22. Preferably, the first edge 411 of each leak-proof covering 41 is an arcuate edge corresponding to the outer surface of the branch covering 31, that is, the center of the first edge 411 is located on the axis of the branch covering 31; the second edge 413 is an arcuate edge corresponding to the inner surface of the main covering 22, that is, the center of the second edge 413 is located on the axis of the main covering 22; and the third edge 415 can be a straight edge or an arcuate edge.

[0057] Preferably, an elastic first support member 416 is provided on the third edge 415 of each leak-proof coating 41. The first support member 416 extends along the third edge 415, and the opposite ends of the first support member 416 are respectively connected between the branch coating 31 and the main coating 22. When the vascular diversion rack 100 is unfolded, the first support member 416 is used to support the leak-proof coating 41 in an open state to prevent the coating from collapsing and thus interfering with the implantation of the main stent. When the main stent is inserted into the main cavity 52, the first support member 416 can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main tube 20, so that the third edge 415 of each leak-proof coating 41 is sealed and attached to the outer surface of the main coating 22 to prevent internal leakage. Specifically, the first support member 416 is an elastic support rod, which is provided on the third edge 415 and extends along the length direction of the third edge 415.

[0058] In other embodiments, a second elastic support member is also provided on one of the first edge 411 and the second edge 413 of each leak-proof covering 41. The second support member is connected to the branch covering 31 or the main covering 22. A first elastic support member 416 is provided on the third edge 415. The second support member is connected to one end of the first support member 416, thereby supporting the leak-proof covering 41 in an open state when the vascular diversion rack 100 is deployed. Preferably, the second support member is an elastic support rod.

[0059] In other embodiments, each leak-proof covering 41 is provided with elastic supports on the first edge 411, second edge 413, and third edge 415. Specifically, the three supports extend along the length of the corresponding first edge 411, second edge 413, and third edge 415. The three supports are connected end to end: the support on the first edge 411 is connected to the branch covering 31, the support on the second edge 413 is connected to the main covering 22, and the support on the third edge 415 is connected between the branch covering 31 and the main covering 22. This supports the leak-proof covering 41 in an open state when the vascular diversion rack 100 is deployed. Preferably, each support is an elastic support rod.

[0060] In other embodiments, the leak-proof covering 41 can also be sutured or otherwise flexibly reinforced, for example, by being fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the branch covering 31, and the rear side of the branch covering 31 being fixedly connected to the main covering 22. Suturing is preferred. By sewing these two edges, the shape of the third side can be stabilized to a certain extent. Alternatively, a loop of thread can be sewn around the third side to provide additional support. This approach can reduce the sheath diameter and improve the overall flexibility of the diverter rack.

[0061] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is another embodiment of the leak-proof component of the vascular shunt stent 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. The leak-proof component 40a is a single, integral leak-proof sheet, comprising a leak-proof coating 42 having a through-hole 420 defined in the center thereof. The edge of the through-hole 420 of the leak-proof coating 42 is sealed against the outer surface of the proximal end of the branch coating 31, and the outer peripheral edge of the leak-proof coating 42, facing away from the main lumen opening 52, is sealed against the inner surface of the main body coating 22. Preferably, the leak-proof coating 42 is crescent-shaped, comprising a first curved edge 421 facing the inner surface of the main body coating 22 and a second curved edge 423 facing away from the first curved edge 421. The first curved edge 421 of the leak-proof coating 42 is configured to be sealed against the main body coating 22, while the second curved edge 423 is configured to be sealed against the outer surface of the main stent inserted into the main lumen opening 52 of the main tube 20.

[0062] Preferably, the first curved edge 421 and / or the second curved edge 423 of the leakage prevention member 40a are provided with elastic support members. The support members on the first curved edge 421 are connected to the inner surface of the main body covering 22, and the support members on the second curved edge 423 are closely attached to the outer surface of the main body bracket inserted into the main cavity 52 of the main body tube 20. Furthermore, the support members are elastic support rods that extend along the first curved edge 421 and / or the second curved edge 423.

[0063] Please also refer to Figures 4 to 6 , Figure 4 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100a provided in a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt rack 100a from another perspective; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded view of the vascular diversion rack 100a and the leakage prevention component 40. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100a provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the first embodiment, except that: in the second embodiment, two branch tubes 30 are axially inserted into the main tube 20, each branch tube 30 includes a tubular branch coating 31, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the two branch coatings 31 are adjacent or tangent; the two branch coatings 31 are accommodated in the inner cavity of the main coating 22, and the first sealing film 50 is arranged between the distal end of the main coating 22 and the distal ends of the two branch coatings 31. The first sealing film 50 is provided with two sub-cavities 54, and the two sub-cavities 54 are adjacent or tangent. The distal end cavities 34 of the two branch coatings 31 are respectively sealed and connected to the two sub-cavities 54 of the first sealing film 50; the proximal ends of the two branch coatings 31 are respectively provided with proximal end cavities 32, and the two branch coatings 31 are provided with leak-proof parts 40 between the periphery of the proximal end cavities 32 and the inner surface of the main coating 22. The leak-proof parts 40 are used to prevent internal leakage at the proximal ends of the branch coatings 31.

[0064] In this embodiment, a leak-proof component 40 is provided between the side of the sub-cavity opening 32 of each branch covering 31 facing away from the other branch covering 31 and the inner surface of the main covering 22; specifically, the leak-proof component 40 is a leak-proof covering 41. The leak-proof covering 41 in this embodiment has the same structure as the leak-proof covering in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0065] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7This is another embodiment of the leak-proof component 40b of the vascular diversion rack 100a provided in the second embodiment of the present invention. The leak-proof component 40b is a whole leak-proof sheet, which is a leak-proof coating 43. The leak-proof coating 43 is made of polyester cloth, PTFE, PET or other polymer materials. Two adjacent or tangential through holes 430 are provided in the middle of the leak-proof coating 43. The edges of the through holes 430 of the leak-proof coating 43 are sealed and attached to the outer surface of the corresponding branch coating 31; preferably, the edge of the proximal end cavity 32 of each branch coating 31 is sealed and connected to the edge of the through hole 430 of the corresponding leak-proof coating 43; the outer peripheral edge of the leak-proof coating 43 facing away from the main cavity 52 is sealed and connected to the inner surface of the main body coating 22. Preferably, the leak-proof coating 43 is crescent-shaped, including a first arcuate edge 431 facing the inner surface of the main body coating 22 and a second arcuate edge 433 away from the first arcuate edge 431. The first arcuate edge 431 of the leak-proof coating 43 is used to be sealed and connected to the main body coating 22, and the second arcuate edge 433 is used to be sealed and fitted to the outer surface of the main body bracket inserted in the main cavity 52 of the main tube 20.

[0066] Preferably, the first curved edge 431 and / or the second curved edge 433 of the leak-proof member 40b are provided with elastic support members. The support members on the first curved edge 431 are connected to the inner surface of the main body covering 22, and the support members on the second curved edge 433 are closely attached to the outer surface of the main body bracket inserted into the main cavity 52 of the main body tube 20 to prevent internal leakage. Furthermore, the support members are elastic support rods that extend along the first curved edge 431 and / or the second curved edge 433.

[0067] In other embodiments, three or more through holes are provided in the middle of the leak-proof covering 43, the inner cavity of the main covering 22 accommodates three or more branch tubes 30, and three or more sub-cavity openings 54 are opened on the first sealing membrane 50. The edge of the distal terminal cavity opening 34 of each branch tube 30 is sealed to the edge of the sub-cavity opening 54 corresponding to the first sealing membrane 50, and the edge of the proximal terminal cavity opening 32 of each branch tube 30 is sealed to the edge of the through hole 430 corresponding to the leak-proof covering 43.

[0068] Please also refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt rack provided by the second embodiment of the present invention in one of its usage states; Figure 9 yes Figure 8A cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in the figure. When using the vascular diverter 100a, one end of the main stent 800 is inserted from the distal end into the main lumen 52 of the main tube 20. The main stent 800 expands the inner diameter of the main lumen 52 of the first sealing membrane 50, deforming the first sealing membrane 50 so that the edge of the main lumen 52 closely contacts the outer surface of the main stent 800. Simultaneously, the main stent 800 also expands the two leak-proof members 40, each deforming so that the third edge 415 closely contacts the outer surface of the main stent 800. At this point, the distal and proximal ends of the branch tube 30 are sealed by the first sealing membrane 50 and the leak-proof members 40, respectively, effectively preventing internal leakage. Then, a branch stent is inserted into the branch tube inner cavity 33 of each branch tube 30 of the vascular shunt rack 100a to form a vascular stent. That is, the vascular stent includes the vascular shunt rack, the main stent 800 and the branch stent. One end of the main stent 800 is inserted into the main tube 20 of the vascular shunt rack through the main cavity 52 on the first sealing membrane 50. The leak-proof component 40 and the first sealing membrane 50 are tightly fitted with the outer surface of the main stent 800. One end of the branch stent is inserted into the branch tube 30 of the vascular shunt rack through the sub-cavity 54 on the first sealing membrane 50. By providing a leak-proof part 40 around the proximal end cavity 32 of the branch covering 31 and between the inner surface of the main covering 22, the leak-proof part 40, the main support 800 and the branch covering 31 also form a sealing structure at the proximal end of the vascular shunt frame. On the one hand, although the first sealing film 50 can play a certain sealing effect and prevent the occurrence of internal leakage of the vascular shunt frame, the proximal blood continues to flow to the first sealing film 50, causing the first sealing film 50 to exceed its load limit, and internal leakage may still occur. By providing the leak-proof part 40, blood is blocked from the proximal end where blood flows in, forming a double sealing effect with the distal first sealing film 50, which can further reduce the occurrence of internal leakage; on the other hand, blood is prevented from entering the gap between the branch covering 31 and the main support 800. The distal end of this gap is provided with the first sealing film 50, and blood cannot flow, which is prone to form thrombus.

[0069] See also Figure 10 , Figure 10: is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100b provided in the third embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100b provided in the third embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the second embodiment, except that: in the third embodiment, a corrugated support rod 35 is fixed on the branch coating 31 of each branch tube 30. The corrugated support rod 35 can increase the support strength of the branch tube 30 and prevent the connected branch stent from being compressed by the main stent, resulting in poor blood flow or even blockage. The corrugated support rod 35 can be set according to the shape of the branch coating 31. That is, one corrugated support rod 35 can be fixed on the branch coating 31, or a plurality of corrugated support rods 35 can be arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the branch coating 31. These corrugated support rods 35 form a branch tube support skeleton of the branch coating 31. The corrugated support rod 35 can be annular or open-loop. The structure, shape and material of the corrugated support rod 35 are similar to those of the annular corrugated support rod 242 on the main tube 20, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] In other embodiments, a woven mesh-like branch tube support frame may also be fixed on the branch covering 31 .

[0071] In other embodiments, the branch covering 31 may also be a semi-tubular structure, and the branch covering 31 of the semi-tubular structure is sutured onto the inner surface of the main covering 22 to form a semicircular branch tube together with the main covering 22 .

[0072] Please also refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 11 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100c provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the leak-proof parts 40c of the vascular diversion rack 100c in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100c provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the second embodiment, except that: in the fourth embodiment, the leak-proof part 40c is a leak-proof frame 45 provided on opposite sides of the branch coating 31, and the two leak-proof frames 45 are used to seal the gap between the proximal end of the branch coating 31 and the main body coating 22. Specifically, a leak-proof frame 45 is provided between the side of one branch coating 31 away from the other branch coating 31 and the inner surface of the main body coating 22, the distal surface of the leak-proof frame 45 is connected to the first sealing film 50, and the proximal surface of the leak-proof frame 45 is adjacent to the proximal surface of the branch coating 31; preferably, the proximal surface edge of the leak-proof frame 45 is sealed and connected to the periphery of the proximal end cavity 32 of the corresponding branch coating 31.

[0073] Each leak-proof frame 45 includes a distal surface 451 adhered to the first sealing film 50, a proximal surface 452 facing away from the distal surface 451, a first bonding surface 454 adhered to the branch film 31, a second bonding surface 455 adhered to the main body film 22, and a sealing surface 456 connected between the distal surface 451, the proximal surface 452, the first bonding surface 454 and the second bonding surface 455. At least the proximal surface 452 is provided with a second sealing film 457 and the sealing surface 456 is provided with a third sealing film 458. By providing the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456, the sealing effect of the combination of the vascular shunt frame and the main stent can be further improved to prevent the risk of internal leakage due to failure to achieve perfect sealing after the main stent and the vascular shunt frame are released. At the same time, the leak-proof frame 45 is designed as a whole, and its structure is also more stable.

[0074] When each leak-proof frame 45 is connected between the corresponding branch covering 31 and the main covering 22, the second sealing film 457 on the proximal surface 452 is sealed between the branch covering 31, the main covering 22, and the proximal end of the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456. The distal end of the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456 is sealed to the first sealing film 50, and the opposite edges of the third sealing film 458 are sealed to the branch covering 31 and the main covering 22. At this time, the distal surface 451 and the first sealing film 50 share the covering, the first fitting surface 454 and the branch covering 31 share the covering, and the second fitting surface 455 and the main covering 22 share the covering. By sharing the covering on the connected surfaces of the vascular shunt rack, the overall covering usage of the vascular shunt rack can be reduced, thereby reducing the diameter of the conveyor sheath. The second sealing film 457 , the third sealing film 458 , the branch covering film 31 and the main covering film 22 form a sealed frame, so that the branch covering film 31 and the main covering film 22 are sealed by the leak-proof frame 45 to prevent internal leakage.

[0075] In other embodiments, the second sealing film 457 on the proximal surface 452 and the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456 are an integrated structure. This integrated structure design makes the overall structure of the leak-proof frame 45 more stable and the supporting performance better. Even in the absence of a support, it can stably maintain its overall shape. There is no other connecting structure between the second sealing film 457 and the third sealing film 458, thereby avoiding the risk of internal leakage.

[0076] In other embodiments, an elastic support ring is provided on the edge of the third sealing membrane 458 on the sealing surface 456 for holding open the leak-proof frame 45; the periphery of the support ring is respectively connected to the first sealing membrane 50, the branch membrane 31, the main body membrane 22 and the second sealing membrane 457 on the proximal surface 452.

[0077] In other embodiments, sealing films may be provided on the distal surface 451, the proximal surface 452, the first fitting surface 454, the second fitting surface 455, and the sealing surface 456 of the leakage-proof frame 45; further, these sealing films may be an integral structure. This integral structure design makes the overall structure of the leakage-proof frame 45 more stable and the supporting performance better. Even in the absence of a support, its overall shape can be stably maintained. There is no other connecting structure between the second sealing film 457 and the third sealing film 458, thereby avoiding the risk of internal leakage.

[0078] Please also refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 13 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100c provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention in one of its usage states; Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in the figure. When using the vascular diverter 100c, one end of the main stent 800 is inserted from the distal end into the main lumen 52 of the main tube 20. The main stent 800 expands the inner diameter of the main lumen 52 of the first sealing membrane 50, deforming the first sealing membrane 50 so that the edge of the main lumen 52 closely adheres to the outer surface of the main stent 800. Simultaneously, the main stent 800 also expands the leak-proof frames 45 of the two leak-proof members 40c. Each leak-proof member 40c deforms so that the third sealing membrane 458 on the second fitting surface 455 closely adheres to the outer surface of the main stent 800. At this point, the distal and proximal ends of the branch tubes 30 are sealed by the first sealing membrane 50 and the leak-proof frame 45, respectively, effectively preventing internal leakage. A branch stent is then inserted into the branch lumen 33 of each branch tube 30 of the vascular diverter 100c to complete the vascular stent.

[0079] See also Figure 15 , Figure 15: is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular diversion rack 100d provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100d provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the fourth embodiment, except that: in the fifth embodiment, a corrugated support rod 35 is fixed to the branch coating 31 of each branch tube 30. The corrugated support rod 35 can increase the support strength of the branch tube 30 and prevent the connected branch stent from being compressed by the main stent, resulting in poor blood flow or even blockage. One corrugated support rod 35 can be fixed to the branch coating 31, or a plurality of corrugated support rods 35 can be arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the branch coating 31. These corrugated support rods 35 form a branch tube support skeleton of the branch coating 31. By providing a leak-proof part 40 around the proximal end of the branch covering 31 and the inner surface of the main covering 22, the leak-proof part 40, the main support 800 and the branch covering 31 also form a sealing structure at the proximal end of the vascular shunt frame. On the one hand, although the first sealing film 50 can play a certain sealing effect and prevent the occurrence of internal leakage of the vascular stent, the proximal blood continues to flow to the first sealing film 50, causing the first sealing film 50 to exceed its load limit, and internal leakage may still occur. By providing the leak-proof part 40, blood is blocked from the proximal end where blood flows in, forming a double sealing effect with the distal first sealing film 50, which can further reduce the occurrence of internal leakage; on the other hand, blood is prevented from entering the gap between the branch covering 31 and the main support 800. The distal end of this gap is provided with the first sealing film 50, and blood cannot flow, which is prone to form thrombus.

[0080] Please also refer to Figure 16 and Figure 17 , Figure 16 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100e provided in a sixth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the leak-proof members 40d of the vascular diversion rack 100e is shown. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100e provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the fourth embodiment, except that in the sixth embodiment, the inner cavity of each leak-proof member 40d is filled with an expandable material or provided with a villi structure, which accelerates thrombus formation and improves sealing.

[0081] See also Figure 18 , Figure 18 FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100f according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100f according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the fourth embodiment, except that the sub-cavity opening 54 on the first sealing membrane 50 is lower than the distal end of the main cavity opening 52, causing the first sealing membrane 50 to be recessed toward the edge of the sub-cavity opening 54, forming a flared opening with the sidewall of the main tube 20.

[0082] Preferably, the distal end of the branch covering 31 is provided with a distal sub-cavity opening 34 that is sealedly connected to the sub-cavity opening 54 of the first sealing membrane 50. The plane enclosed by the distal sub-cavity opening 34 is inclined toward the proximal end relative to the radial direction of the main tube 20. In other words, the first sealing membrane 50 forms an inclined surface connecting the main cavity opening 52, the sub-cavity opening 54, the main covering 22, and the branch covering 31. The angle between the inclined surface and the central axis of the main tube 20 is 5-80 degrees, preferably 15-60 degrees.

[0083] See also Figure 19 , Figure 19 FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100g provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100g provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the second embodiment, except that: a shaping member is provided at the edge of the main cavity opening 52 of the first sealing membrane 50. The shaping member is fixed to the edge of the first sealing membrane 50 on the side of the main cavity opening 52 away from the side wall of the main tube 20; and a support ring 56 is provided at the edge of each sub-cavity opening 54 of the first sealing membrane 50 to prop the sub-cavity opening 54 open.

[0084] Specifically, the shaping member is a positioning rod 70 fixed to the first sealing membrane 50 on the side of the main cavity opening 52 away from the main tube 20. The positioning rod 70 is elastic and serves to position the first sealing membrane 50, that is, to fix the orientation of the first sealing membrane 50 and increase the support force of the opening edge of the sealing membrane. The positioning rod 70 is made of a memory alloy wire, preferably a nickel-titanium alloy wire.

[0085] The positioning rod 70 extends toward the center of the main tube 20 along the edge of the first sealing membrane 50 on the side wall of the main tube 20 where the main lumen 52 is connected. The opposite ends of the positioning rod 70 are respectively connected to the side walls of the main tube 20. Therefore, when the main stent is inserted into the main lumen 52 of the main tube 20, the positioning rod 70 can be closely attached to the outer surface of the main stent, thereby tightly fitting the first sealing membrane 50 to the outer surface of the main stent to prevent internal leakage. This also facilitates the insertion of the main stent into the main lumen 52 of the main tube 20, improves the compatibility of the main stent with the vascular shunt, and makes the connection between the main stent and the vascular shunt more stable.

[0086] In this embodiment, the positioning rod 70 is a wavy structure formed by connecting three arc-shaped rods. The positioning rod 70 includes a first arc-shaped rod 72 located in the center and two second arc-shaped rods 74 connected to opposite ends of the first arc-shaped rod 72. The two second arc-shaped rods 74 have the same structure and are symmetrical about the midpoint of the first arc-shaped rod 72. The two second arc-shaped rods 74 are smoothly connected to the first arc-shaped rod 72. The first arc-shaped rod 72 and the two second arc-shaped rods 74 are an integrated structure. The positioning rod 70 is formed by bending a memory alloy wire.

[0087] In other embodiments, the first arc rod 72 and the two sections of the second arc rod 74 may be a split structure, that is, the first arc rod 72 and the two sections of the second arc rod 74 are connected together by mechanical pressing or welding.

[0088] like Figure 19 The middle portion of the first arc rod 72 is bent toward the main cavity opening 52, and the middle portion of each second arc rod 74 is bent toward the side away from the main cavity opening 52. The diameter of the positioning rod 70 is between 0.10 and 0.40 mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the positioning rod 70 is between 0.20 and 0.30 mm. The positioning rod 70 can be fixed to the first sealing film 50 by sewing or heat pressing. In this embodiment, the positioning rod 70 is fixed to the edge of the first sealing film 50 by sewing.

[0089] See also Figure 20 , Figure 20 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100h provided in a ninth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100h provided in the ninth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the eighth embodiment, except that at least one support member is provided on the first sealing membrane 50, and the at least one support member is connected between the positioning rod 70 and the support ring 56. The at least one support member is a support rod 60 fixed to the first sealing membrane 50, one end of the support rod 60 being connected to the positioning rod 70, and the other end of the support rod 60 being connected to the support ring 56. The support rod 60 is made of nickel-titanium wire with a wire diameter of 0.10-0.40 mm, preferably 0.20-0.30 mm.

[0090] In this embodiment, two tangent sub-cavities 54 are provided on the first sealing membrane 50, and two branch tubes 30 are provided in the main tube inner cavity 25 of the main tube 20, and the distal ends of the two branch tubes 30 are respectively connected to the two sub-cavities 54. The two sub-cavities 54 are located on the side away from the main cavity 52, and the outer side surfaces of the two branch tubes 30 are in contact with the inner wall of the main tube inner cavity 25. The support rod 60 is fixed to the first sealing membrane 50 and connected between the positioning rod 70 and the tangent point of the two sub-cavities 54. The first sealing membrane 50 is recessed toward the edges of the two sub-cavities 54, that is, the first sealing membrane 50 is inclined toward the two sub-cavities 54. Preferably, one end of the support rod 60 is fixed to the first arc rod 72 of the positioning rod 70, preferably fixed to the midpoint of the first arc rod 72, and the other end of the support rod 60 is fixed between the tangent points of the sub-cavities 54.

[0091] See also Figure 21 , Figure 21FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100i provided in the tenth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100i provided in the tenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that two support rods 60 are fixed to the first sealing membrane 50 at intervals. The two support rods 60 are respectively connected between the edges of the two sub-cavities 54 and the positioning rods 70. Specifically, one end of each support rod 60 is fixed to the second arc rod 74 of the positioning rod 70, and the other end is fixed to the edge of the corresponding sub-cavity 54.

[0092] In this embodiment, the two support rods 60 are in an inverted "eight" shape.

[0093] In other embodiments, two support rods 60 may be fixed to the first sealing film 50 in parallel with each other, and each support rod 60 is connected between the edge of the corresponding sub-cavity 54 and the positioning rod 70 .

[0094] See also Figure 22 , Figure 22 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion stent 100j according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the blood vessel diversion stent 100j according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the tenth embodiment, except that the eleventh embodiment adds a support rod 60. Specifically, three support rods 60 are fixed to the first sealing membrane 50, spaced apart. The central support rod 60 is connected between the tangent point of the two sub-cavities 54 and the first arc rod 72 of the positioning rod 70. The two support rods 60 on either side are connected between the edges of the two sub-cavities 54 and the two second arc rods 74 of the positioning rod 70, respectively. The three support rods 60 and the positioning rod 70 jointly support the first sealing membrane 50, making it more stable and preventing it from folding and interfering with or blocking the sub-cavities 54 or the main cavity 52. ​​This ensures smoother blood flow within the main tube 20 and the branch tube 30, and facilitates the insertion of the branch vessel stent.

[0095] In other embodiments, four or more support rods 60 may be fixed on the first sealing membrane 50, wherein a portion of the support rods 60 is connected between the edge of one of the sub-cavity openings 54 and the positioning rod 70, and another portion of the support rods 60 is connected between the edge of another sub-cavity opening 54 and the positioning rod 70.

[0096] See also Figure 23 , Figure 23 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100k provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100k provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the tenth embodiment, except that the structure of the support rod 60a in the twelfth embodiment is different from that of the support rod 60 in the tenth embodiment. Figure 23 As shown, the support rod 60a includes a first rod 64 and a second rod 65 obliquely connected to one end of the first rod 64. The angle between the first and second rods 64 and 65 ranges from 24 to 130 degrees. The first rod 64 of each support rod 60a is fixed to the first sealing membrane 50, and the second rod 65 is fixed to the sidewall of the corresponding branch tube 30. That is, the second rod 65 is fixed to the branch membrane 31 of the corresponding branch tube 30. The intersection of the first and second rods 64 and 65 is located at the intersection of the first sealing membrane 50 and the sidewall of the corresponding branch tube 30. The first rod 64 and the first sealing membrane 50 have the same inclination angle, and the second rod 65 extends axially along the corresponding branch membrane 31. The end of each first rod 64 facing away from the corresponding second rod 65 is fixed to the positioning rod 70. Preferably, the end of each first rod 64 facing away from the corresponding second rod 65 is fixed to the corresponding second arc rod 74.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first rod 64 and the second rod 65 are integrally formed, and the angle between the first rod 64 and the second rod 65 is formed by hot pressing and bending. The first rod 64 and the second rod 65 are fixed to the first sealing film 50 and the branch covering film 31 respectively by sewing.

[0098] The first rod body 64 of the support rod 60a in this embodiment is fixed on the first sealing membrane 50, and the end of the first rod body 64 away from the second rod body 65 is fixed on the positioning rod 70. The support rod 60a and the positioning rod 70 support the first sealing membrane 50; the second rod body 65 is fixed on the branch covering 31, which can not only support the first sealing membrane 50, but also position the corresponding branch covering 31, and can enhance the radial supporting force of the branch tube 30, so that the first sealing membrane 50 and the side wall of the main tube 20 form a stable trumpet structure, so that the blood flow in the main tube 20 and the branch tube 30 is smoother, and it is convenient to insert the branch blood vessel stent into the main cavity 52 and the sub-cavity 54.

[0099] In other embodiments, the first sealing membrane 50 may be provided with only one support rod 60 a. The first rod 64 of the support rod 60 a is fixed to the first sealing membrane 50 , and the end of the first rod 64 away from the second rod 65 is fixed to the positioning rod 70 . The second rod 65 is fixed to the tangent point of the two branch pipes 30 .

[0100] In other embodiments, the first sealing membrane 50 may also be provided with only one support rod 60a, and only one sub-cavity 54 is opened on the first sealing membrane 50. The first rod body 64 of the support rod 60a is fixed on the first sealing membrane 50, and the second rod body 65 is fixed on the branch covering membrane 31 of the sub-cavity 54. The intersection of the first rod body 64 and the second rod body 65 is located at the intersection of the first sealing membrane 50 and the branch covering membrane 31, and the end of the first rod body 64 away from the second rod body 65 is connected to the positioning rod 70.

[0101] See also Figure 24 , Figure 24 FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100n provided in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100n provided in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the eighth embodiment, except that in the thirteenth embodiment, a developing structure 80 is provided at the edge of the sub-cavity opening 54 of the branch tube 30. The developing structure 80 is a developing wire wound continuously or discontinuously around the support ring 56. Alternatively, the support ring 56 is made of an alloy doped with a developing material, for example, a nickel-titanium alloy wire containing tantalum, with a diameter of 0.10-0.40 mm.

[0102] In this embodiment, the support ring 56 is a metal ring made of a memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy ring structure. The metal ring adapts to the edge shape of the sub-cavity opening 54, and the imaging structure 80 is a imaging wire that is continuously or intermittently wound around the metal ring. Because the annular imaging structure 80 has imaging properties and is annular in shape, the position of the annular imaging structure 80 can be clearly observed using imaging equipment during surgery. That is, the annular imaging structure 80 can be observed as surrounding the edge of the sub-cavity opening 54, rather than as scattered imaging points. Therefore, the insertion of the branch vessel stent into the sub-cavity opening 54 is more convenient and faster. The imaging component material includes, but is not limited to, gold, platinum, platinum-tungsten, palladium, platinum-iridium, rhodium, tantalum, or alloys or composites of these metals.

[0103] In other embodiments, the outer surface of the support ring 56 may be inlaid or attached with at least one circle of developing material, such as inlaid with developing metal wire on the support ring 56, or attached with at least one circle of developing metal wire 84 on the outer surface of the support ring 56. Preferably, the support ring 56 is wound with tantalum wire.

[0104] In other embodiments, the developing structure 80 is a developing point continuously or intermittently fixed on the edge of the sub-cavity opening 54 on the first sealing film 50, and the developing point is fixed on the support ring 56 or sewn on the first sealing film 50 where the support ring 56 is located by sewing, stamping, hot pressing, inlaying or pasting.

[0105] In other embodiments, an annular developing structure is also provided at the edge of the main cavity opening 52 . The annular developing structure is a developing point that is continuously or discontinuously fixed on the first sealing film 50 at the edge of the main cavity opening 52 .

[0106] In other embodiments, the positioning rod 70 may be made of a memory alloy wire containing a developing material to facilitate the insertion of the branch vessel stent into the main lumen 52 .

[0107] In other embodiments, the positioning rod 70 is continuously or discontinuously wound with a developing wire.

[0108] In other embodiments, a developing structure is embedded or attached to the positioning rod 70. For example, a developing wire is embedded on the positioning rod 70.

[0109] See also Figure 25 , Figure 25 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100m provided in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100m provided in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that, in the fourteenth embodiment, each branch tube 30 is provided with a developing structure 80 at the edge of the sub-cavity opening 54. The developing structure 80 is a developing wire wound continuously or discontinuously around the support ring 56. Alternatively, the support ring 56 is made of an alloy doped with a developing material, such as a nickel-titanium alloy wire containing tantalum.

[0110] In other embodiments, the branch tube 30 of the vascular diversion rack is provided with a developing structure at the edge of the sub-cavity 54 and / or the edge of the main cavity 52 of the first sealing film 50 is provided with a developing structure.

[0111] The above is an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the embodiment of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vascular shunt, comprising a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the inner cavity of the main tube, characterized in that: The main tube includes a tubular main covering, which is made of a polymer material. At least one branch tube includes a tubular branch covering, which is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main covering. A first sealing film is provided between the distal end of the main covering and the distal end of the branch covering to separate the inner cavity of the main covering into a main cavity opening and at least one sub-cavity opening. A proximal end of the branch covering is provided with a proximal sub-cavity opening. A leak-proof part is provided at least between the branch covering around the proximal sub-cavity opening and the inner surface of the main covering. The leak-proof part is a leak-proof frame provided on opposite sides of the branch covering. The two leak-proof frames are used to seal the gap between the branch covering and the main covering.

2. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each leak-proof frame includes a distal surface adhered to the first sealing film, a proximal surface facing away from the distal surface, a first bonding surface adhered to the branch covering, a second bonding surface adhered to the main covering, and a sealing surface connected between the distal surface, the proximal surface, the first bonding surface and the second bonding surface, at least the proximal surface is provided with a second sealing film and the sealing surface is provided with a third sealing film.

3. The vascular shunt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second sealing film on the proximal surface is sealed and connected between the branch covering film, the main body covering film, and the proximal end of the third sealing film on the sealing surface.

4. The vascular shunt according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distal surface shares a coating with the first sealing film, the first fitting surface shares a coating with the branch coating, the second fitting surface shares a coating with the main body coating, and the third sealing film on the sealing surface is connected between the first sealing film, the second sealing film on the proximal surface, the branch coating and the main body coating.

5. The vascular shunt according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second sealing film on the proximal surface and the third sealing film on the sealing surface are an integral structure.

6. The vascular shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of each leak-proof frame is filled with expandable material, or the inner cavity of each leak-proof frame is provided with a fluff structure.

7. The vascular shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sub-cavity opening on the first sealing membrane is lower than the distal end surface of the main cavity opening, so that the first sealing membrane is recessed toward the edge of the sub-cavity opening, and the first sealing membrane and the side wall of the main tube form a flare.

8. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distal end of the branch covering is provided with a distal sub-cavity opening which is sealed and connected to the periphery of the sub-cavity opening. The plane surrounded by the distal sub-cavity opening is inclined toward the proximal end relative to the radial direction of the main body tube.

9. The vascular bypass rack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A shaping piece is provided at the edge of the main cavity opening, and the shaping piece is fixed on the first sealing film at the edge of the main cavity opening on a side away from the side wall of the main tube.

10. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shaping member is a positioning rod, which extends toward the center of the main tube along the edge of the main cavity on the first sealing membrane connected to the side wall of the main tube, and the opposite ends of the positioning rod are respectively connected to the side wall of the main tube.

11. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first sealing film is provided with a support ring at the edge of the sub-cavity opening.

12. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 11, characterized in that: At least one support member is provided on the first sealing film, and at least one support member is connected between the shaping member and the support ring. At least one support member is a support rod fixed to the first sealing film, one end of the support rod is connected to the shaping member, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the support ring.

13. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the main cavity opening and / or at least one of the sub-cavity openings are provided with a developing structure.

14. A vascular stent, comprising a main stent, characterized in that: The vascular stent also includes a vascular shunt frame as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, one end of the main stent passes through the main cavity on the first sealing membrane and is inserted into the main tube of the vascular shunt frame, and the leak-proof part is tightly fitted with the outer surface of the main stent.

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