Vascular shunts and stents

Abstract

The present invention provides a vascular diversion stent, comprising a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the inner lumen of the main tube. The main tube includes a tubular main covering, and at least one branch tube includes a tubular branch covering. The branch covering is accommodated in the inner lumen of the main covering. A first sealing membrane is provided between the distal ends of the main covering and the distal ends of the branch covering to separate the inner lumen of the main covering into a main cavity opening and at least one first sub-cavity opening. The first sub-cavity opening is sealingly connected to the distal end of the branch covering, and the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity opening is not parallel to the plane enclosed by the main cavity opening. The present invention also provides a vascular stent equipped with the branch diversion stent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of implantable blood vessels, in particular to a blood vessel shunt frame and a blood vessel stent provided with the blood vessel shunt frame. Background Art

[0002] An aortic aneurysm is a localized or diffuse abnormal dilation of the aortic wall, which compresses surrounding organs and causes symptoms. Rupture is the primary risk. It commonly occurs in the ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta. Aortic aneurysms are structurally categorized as true aortic aneurysms and false aortic aneurysms. Aortic aneurysms increase intravascular pressure, leading to progressive enlargement. If prolonged, they may eventually rupture. The larger the aneurysm, the greater the likelihood of rupture.

[0003] Aortic dissection is also a serious aortic disease. Aortic dissection refers to the destruction of the thoracic aortic media, bleeding in the vessel wall, and blood entering the space between the media and adventitia of the vessel wall. Due to the impact of blood flow, once aortic dissection is formed, the tear can extend along the direction of blood flow, the dissection and false lumen expand, and compress the true lumen. Therefore, the possible dangers for patients with aortic dissection include: (1) the threat of complete rupture of the blood vessel. Once the blood vessel ruptures completely, the mortality rate is extremely high; (2) the dissection gradually expands and compresses the true lumen, reducing the blood supply to the distal end of the blood vessel. In most cases, aortic dissection is secondary to thoracic aortic aneurysm, or exists simultaneously with aortic aneurysm.

[0004] Aortic disease can often involve branch arteries, making interventional treatment difficult. Currently, endovascular therapy is being developed both domestically and internationally. This minimally invasive procedure involves inserting a graft, or stent, into the diseased artery via a vascular channel to treat arterial disease and improve blood flow, thereby achieving therapeutic goals. These intravascular stents consist of a tubular rigid wire stent and a polymer film affixed to the outside of the stent. The tubular rigid wire stent is formed from an elastic rigid wire folded into a ring shape in a Z-shape. Multiple rings are then sewn or bonded together with the polymer film to form a stent graft. During use, the stent graft is axially compressed and loaded into a delivery device. The delivery device then delivers the graft to the diseased artery via the smaller femoral, iliac, and brachial arteries, where it is then released. Due to the elastic force of the wire stent, it automatically returns to a straight tube and adheres closely to the inner wall of the aorta, isolating the diseased area from blood flow, thus achieving the therapeutic goal.

[0005] In the prior art, commonly used stents for arterial branch treatment include chimney stents, integrated multi-branch stents, and window-type stents. These stents are limited by their structure and are often inconvenient to insert into sub-branch stents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a vascular shunt rack that is convenient for plugging in a sub-branch stent, and a vascular stent provided with the vascular shunt rack.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vascular diversion rack, which includes a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the inner cavity of the main tube, the main tube includes a tubular main covering, and at least one branch tube includes a tubular branch covering. The branch covering is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main covering, and a first sealing film is provided between the distal end of the main covering and the distal end of the branch covering to separate the inner cavity of the main covering into a main cavity opening and at least one first sub-cavity opening. The first sub-cavity opening is sealed and connected to the distal end of the branch covering, and the angle between the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening and the plane surrounded by the main cavity opening is greater than 0 degrees.

[0008] The present invention also provides a vascular stent, which includes a main stent, a branch stent, and a vascular diversion rack, wherein the vascular diversion rack includes a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the inner cavity of the main tube, the main tube includes a tubular main coating, and at least one branch tube includes a tubular branch coating, the branch coating is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main coating, a first sealing film is provided between the distal end of the main coating and the distal end of the branch coating to separate the inner cavity of the main coating into a main cavity opening and at least one first sub-cavity opening, the first sub-cavity opening is sealingly connected to the distal end of the branch coating, and the angle between the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening and the plane surrounded by the main cavity opening is greater than 0 degrees; one end of the main stent passes through the main cavity opening on the first sealing film and is inserted into the main tube of the vascular diversion rack, and one end of the branch stent passes through the sub-cavity opening on the first sealing film and is inserted into the branch tube.

[0009] The vascular bypass stent provided by the present invention has a first sealing membrane disposed between the distal ends of the main body covering and the distal ends of the branch covering to separate the inner cavity of the main body covering into a main cavity opening and at least one first sub-cavity opening. The plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity opening intersects with the plane enclosed by the main cavity opening, and the distal ends of the branch covering are sealedly connected to the periphery of the first sub-cavity opening. Because the main cavity opening and the first sub-cavity opening are not on the same plane, that is, the main cavity opening and the first sub-cavity opening are oriented differently, the main stent and the sub-branch stent can be inserted into the corresponding main cavity opening and the first sub-cavity opening from different orientations, thereby facilitating operation and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementations of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel diversion rack provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view of the vascular shunt in the.

[0013] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the branch pipes.

[0014] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt rack from another perspective.

[0016] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt rack from another perspective.

[0018] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the leak-proof component and branch tubes of the blood vessel diversion rack provided by the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 9 1 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the leakage prevention component of the vascular shunt rack provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 10 FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel bypass rack provided by the third embodiment of the present invention in one of its usage states.

[0021] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Cross-sectional view along line XI-XI.

[0022] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 13 yes Figure 12Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt rack from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 14 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the leakage-proof parts.

[0025] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of a leak-proof component of a vascular shunt rack provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 18 3D is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 20 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 22 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 23 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 24 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel shunt rack provided in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 25 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 26 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 27 yes Figure 26 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the branch pipes.

[0038] Figure 28 yes Figure 27 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the corrugated support member.

[0039] Figure 29 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack provided in the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In addition, the following descriptions of the embodiments refer to the accompanying drawings to illustrate specific embodiments in which the present invention may be implemented. Directional terms used in the present invention, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and "side," are used solely with reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the use of directional terms is intended to better and more clearly illustrate and understand the present invention, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In the present description, the "proximal end" refers to the end closest to the heart, and the "distal end" refers to the end further from the heart. The terms "high" and "low" are relative to the main tube membrane. The end extending beyond the main tube membrane is referred to as "high," while the end not extending beyond the main tube membrane is referred to as "low." These definitions are for convenience only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0043] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A side view of the vascular shunt rack 100; Figure 3 yes Figure 1The present invention provides a vascular diversion rack 100, which includes a main body tube 20 and at least one branch tube 30 axially inserted into the inner cavity of the main body tube 20. The main body tube 20 includes a tubular main body coating 22, and at least one branch tube 30 includes a tubular branch coating 31. The branch coating 31 is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main body coating 22. A first sealing film 50 is provided between the distal ends of the main body coating 22 and the distal ends of the branch coating 31 to separate the inner cavity of the main body coating 22 into a main cavity opening 52 and at least one first sub-cavity opening 52. The cavity opening 54, the first sub-cavity opening 54 is sealed and connected to the distal end of the branch coating 31, and the angle between the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening 54 and the plane surrounded by the main cavity opening 52 is greater than 0 degrees, that is, the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening 54 is not parallel to the plane surrounded by the main cavity opening 52, that is, the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening 54 intersects with the plane surrounded by the main cavity opening 52, and the non-parallel main cavity opening 52 and sub-cavity opening can be more easily distinguished when they are not completely released during the stent implantation process, which is convenient for the surgeon to identify the two.

[0044] The vascular diverter 100 provided by the present invention has a first sealing membrane 50 disposed between the distal ends of the main covering 22 and the distal ends of the branch coverings 31. This seals the inner cavity of the main covering 22 into a main lumen 52 and at least one first sub-lumen 54. The plane enclosed by the first sub-lumen 54 intersects the plane enclosed by the main lumen 52, and the distal ends of the branch coverings 31 are sealed around the first sub-lumen 54. Because the main lumen 52 and the first sub-lumen 54 are not coplanar, that is, they face different directions, the main lumen 52 is disposed on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20, facilitating implantation and providing stable fixation of the main stent. The sub-cavity opening 54 is arranged on a plane that is not perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20, that is, it is inclined relative to the main cavity opening 52. The inclined sub-cavity opening 54 is more conducive to the entry of the guide wire and the sheath for delivering the branch stent, thereby more conveniently and quickly implanting the branch stent; in addition, the main cavity opening 52 and the sub-cavity opening 54 are arranged on different planes, that is, they have different orientations, which is also more convenient for the main stent and the sub-branch stent (that is, the branch stent) to be inserted into the corresponding main cavity opening 52 and the first sub-cavity opening 54 from different directions, which is convenient for operation and use.

[0045] In this embodiment, the plane enclosed by the main cavity opening 52 is perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20, and the angle between the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity opening 54 and the axis of the main tube 20 is less than 90 degrees. Specifically, the first sealing membrane 50 extends obliquely from the middle of the main cavity opening 52 toward the proximal end until it connects to the inner surface of the main tube 20, such that the angle between the first sealing membrane 50 and the axis of the main tube 20 is less than 90 degrees. Because the first sub-cavity opening 54 is formed on the first sealing membrane 50, the angle A between the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity opening 54 and the axis of the main tube 20 is greater than zero and less than 90 degrees.

[0046] Preferably, the angle A between the plane formed by the first sub-cavity opening 54 and the axis of the main tube 20 is greater than 5 degrees and less than 80 degrees. More preferably, the angle A is greater than 30 degrees and less than 60 degrees.

[0047] The proximal end of the branch covering 31 is provided with a second sub-cavity 32. The plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity 54 is parallel to the plane enclosed by the second sub-cavity 32. The branch covering 31 has a distal sub-cavity 34 corresponding to the first sub-cavity 54. When the distal end of the branch covering 31 is connected to the first sealing film 50, the edge of the distal sub-cavity 34 is sealed to the edge of the first sub-cavity 54.

[0048] Preferably, an annular support member 56 is provided around the first sub-cavity opening 54 and / or the second sub-cavity opening 32, and the annular support member 56 is used to prop open the first sub-cavity opening 54 and the second sub-cavity opening 32 to facilitate the insertion of the sub-branch stent. In this embodiment, the annular support member 56 is a support ring. The support ring is used to prop open the branch coating 31 so that the branch coating 31 maintains a tubular shape. When a sub-branch stent is inserted into the first sub-cavity opening 54, the support ring at the edge of the first sub-cavity opening 54 can fix the sub-branch stent in the branch tube 30, that is, the support ring can make the first sealing membrane 50 seal and adhere to the outer surface of the sub-branch stent to prevent internal leakage. In addition, the branch tube 30 can extend the proximal anchoring area of ​​the sub-branch stent, further define the sub-branch stent, and increase the stability of the sub-branch stent after release. The axial length of the branch tube 30 can be less than, greater than or equal to the axial length of the main tube 20. When multiple branch tubes 30 are provided on the same vascular diversion stent 100, the first sealing membrane 50 may be provided with the aforementioned support ring at the distal edge of each branch tube 30, and the lengths of the various branch tubes 30 may be the same or different. The angle between the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity 54 and the plane enclosed by the main cavity 52 is greater than 0 degrees, that is, the first sub-cavity 54 is not perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20. When the vascular diversion stent 100 is pressed and gripped in the delivery sheath, or not fully released, it will be subjected to a pressure perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20, that is, the first sub-cavity 54 will be subjected to a pressure perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20. When the first sub-cavity 54 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20, the sub-cavity 54 is severely deformed by the squeezing of this pressure. After being fully released, it may not be possible to quickly restore the complete shape of the first sub-cavity 54, thereby making it difficult to implant the branch stent. When the first sub-cavity opening 54 is not arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the main tube 20, the pressure applied to the first sub-cavity opening 54 will not vertically press the sub-cavity opening 54, and will not cause serious deformation of the sub-cavity opening 54 or even the annular support 56 thereon. After complete release, the first sub-cavity opening 54 and the annular support 56 thereon can easily restore their complete shape, facilitating the rapid implantation of the branch stent.

[0049] In other embodiments, an annular support member is disposed around the distal sub-cavity 34 and the second sub-cavity 32 of the branch covering 31 .

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the main tube 20 also includes a main tube support frame 24 fixed on the wall surface of the main body coating 22. The branch tube 30 is surrounded by a tubular branch coating 31, thereby dividing the inner cavity of the main tube 20 into a main tube inner cavity 25 and a branch tube inner cavity 33. The second sub-cavity opening 32 is located at the proximal end of the branch tube inner cavity 33, and the distal sub-cavity opening 34 is located at the distal end of the branch tube inner cavity 33. The distal end of the main tube inner cavity 25 is connected to the main cavity opening 52, and the distal end of the branch tube inner cavity 33 is connected to the first sub-cavity opening 54. The main tube 20 is the main structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100. The shape of the transverse end surface of the main tube 20 is circular or elliptical to match the blood vessel. The main tube support frame 24 is sutured on the main coating 22. The main tube support frame 24 is composed of a plurality of annular corrugated support rods 242 arranged along the axial direction of the main coating 22. Each annular corrugated support rod 242 can be a high-wave support rod or a high-low wave support rod, etc. The high-wave support rod means that the heights of the various wave peaks on the annular corrugated support rod 242 are the same, and the heights of the various wave troughs are also the same, that is, the various wave peaks and the various wave troughs are on the same plane; the high-low wave support rod means that the heights of the various wave peaks on the annular corrugated support rod 242 are different, and the heights of the various wave troughs may also be different.

[0051] The main tube support framework 24 comprises a plurality of sinusoidal annular support rods 242 spaced axially along the main covering 22. Each sinusoidal waveform of each annular support rod 242 comprises a crest 2421, a trough 2423, and a connecting rod 2425 connecting the crest 2421 and the trough 2423. Each annular support rod 242 is woven from a superelastic nickel-titanium wire, with a diameter ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm. Each annular support rod 242 is provided with a connecting sleeve that connects the opposing ends of the annular support rod 242. Specifically, the opposing ends of the annular support rod 242 are housed within the connecting sleeve, which is then secured to the interior of the sleeve by mechanical compression or welding.

[0052] In this embodiment, the annular corrugated support rod 242 is woven from nickel-titanium wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm, the number of the sine waves is 9, and the vertical height of the annular corrugated support rod 242 is 6-15 mm.

[0053] In other embodiments, the number of the sine waves may be other numbers, and the vertical height of the annular wave-shaped support rod 242 may be any height.

[0054] In other embodiments, the main tube support frame 24 can be a woven mesh structure or a cut mesh structure.

[0055] The main covering 22 and the branch coverings 31 are both made of polyester, PTFE, PET, or other polymer materials. The main tube support frame 24 is sewn to the main covering 22 with sutures. That is, the sutures can follow the waveform of each annular corrugated support rod 242 and follow the entire main tube support frame 24. The sutures can also be used to sew each annular corrugated support rod 242 to the main covering 22 using a plurality of suture knots distributed at uneven intervals.

[0056] The branch tube lumen 33 is formed by the independent encirclement of the branch coating 31, and the cavity between the branch coating 31 and the main body coating 22 is the main tube lumen 25. Through this design, when the vascular diversion rack 100 is squeezed and gripped, the overall diameter of the vascular diversion rack 100 can be reduced, thereby reducing the diameter of the sheath used to assemble the delivery system, facilitating the delivery of the vascular diversion rack 100. The diameter of the main tube lumen 25 is larger than the diameter of the branch tube lumen 33. The number of branch tubes 30 can be set according to actual needs, generally 1-4, preferably 1-3; the first sealing membrane 50 is provided with 1-4 first sub-cavity openings 54 corresponding to the branch tubes 30, preferably 2-4 first sub-cavity openings 54. The transverse end surface shapes of the main tube lumen 25 and the branch tube lumen 33 are circular, elliptical, fusiform, or irregularly curved.

[0057] In this embodiment, there is only one branch tube 30 , which contacts the inner surface of the main tube 20 , and the distal end of the branch tube 30 is in communication with the first sub-cavity 54 .

[0058] The main cavity opening 52 and the first sub-cavity opening 54 are both opened on the first sealing membrane 50, and the distal end of the branch covering 31 is sealed and connected to the first sealing membrane 50 corresponding to the first sub-cavity opening 54. That is, the first sealing membrane 50 connects the main body covering 22 and the branch covering 31 together, and closes the gap between the main tube 20 and the branch tube 30. The opening area of ​​the main cavity opening 52 is smaller than the radial cross-sectional area of ​​the main body covering 22, the opening area of ​​the first sub-cavity opening 54 is smaller than the opening area of ​​the main cavity opening 52, and the opening area of ​​the main cavity opening 52 is larger than the opening area of ​​a single sub-cavity opening 54. Preferably, the ratio of the opening area of ​​the main cavity opening 52 to the opening area of ​​a single sub-cavity opening 54 is 3:1-6:1. Furthermore, the opening area of ​​the main cavity opening 52 is larger than the sum of the opening areas of all the sub-cavity openings 54, thereby providing more sufficient space for the main blood flow opening.

[0059] In other embodiments, the opening area of ​​the main cavity opening 52 may also be the same as the opening area of ​​the first sub-cavity opening 54 .

[0060] like Figure 3As shown, a wavy support member 35 is fixed on the branch coating 31 of each branch tube 30. The wavy support member 35 can increase the support strength of the branch tube 30 and prevent the connected sub-branch tube stent from being compressed by the main stent, resulting in poor blood flow or even blockage. The wavy support member 35 can be set according to the shape of the branch coating 31. That is, one wavy support member 35 can be fixed on the branch coating 31, or a plurality of wavy support members 35 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the branch coating 31 can be arranged on the branch coating 31. These wavy support members 35 form a branch tube support skeleton of the branch coating 31. In this embodiment, the distal end of at least one wavy support member 35 is close to the annular support member 56; preferably, the distal end of at least one wavy support member 35 is connected to the annular support member 56.

[0061] The wavy support member 35 can be annular or open-loop. The structure, shape and material of the wavy support member 35 are similar to those of the annular wavy support rod 242 on the main tube 20, and will not be described in detail here.

[0062] In other embodiments, a woven mesh-like branch tube support frame may also be fixed on the branch covering 31 .

[0063] In other embodiments, the branch covering 31 may also be a semi-tubular structure, and the branch covering 31 of the semi-tubular structure is sutured onto the inner surface of the main covering 22 to form a semicircular branch tube together with the main covering 22 .

[0064] Please also refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100a provided in a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular diversion rack 100a from another perspective. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100a provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the first embodiment, except that: in the second embodiment, two branch tubes 30 are axially inserted into the main tube 20. Each branch tube 30 includes a tubular branch coating 31, and the outer circumferences of the two branch coatings 31 are adjacent. The two branch coatings 31 are accommodated in the inner cavity of the main tube coating 22. A first sealing membrane 50 is disposed between the distal end of the main tube coating 22 and the distal ends of the two branch coatings 31. The first sealing membrane 50 is provided with two first sub-cavities 54. The distal sub-cavities 34 of the two branch coatings 31 are respectively sealed to the two first sub-cavities 54 of the first sealing membrane 50. The proximal ends of the two branch coatings 31 are respectively provided with second sub-cavities 32. The angle between the plane enclosed by each first sub-cavity 54 and the axis of the main tube 20 is less than 90 degrees. The planes enclosed by the two first sub-cavity openings 54 may be parallel or non-parallel. In this embodiment, the planes enclosed by the two first sub-cavity openings 54 and the planes enclosed by the two second sub-cavity openings 32 are parallel.

[0065] In other embodiments, the axial lengths of the two branch coverings 31 may be the same or different, and the planes enclosed by the second sub-cavity openings 32 of the two branch coverings 31 may be coplanar or non-coplanar.

[0066] Please also refer to Figure 6-Figure 8 , Figure 6 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100b provided in a third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular diversion rack 100b from another perspective; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the leak-proof component 40 and the branch tube 30 of the vascular diversion rack 100b provided in the third embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100b provided in the third embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the second embodiment, except that: a leak-proof component 40 is provided between the branch covering 31 and the main body covering 22 around the second sub-cavity opening 32.

[0067] The vascular diversion rack 100b provided in this embodiment is provided with a leak-proof member 40 around the second sub-cavity opening 32 of the branch covering 31 and the inner surface of the main covering 22, and a first sealing film 50 is provided between the distal end of the main covering 22 and the distal end of the branch covering 31; therefore, when the main stent is inserted into the main cavity opening 52 of the main tube 20, the edge of the first sealing film 50 can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main tube 20, and the edge of the leak-proof member 40 can also be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main tube 20, so that the distal end and proximal end of the vascular diversion rack 100b are tightly attached to the outer surface of the main stent inserted into the main cavity opening 52, which can effectively prevent internal leakage.

[0068] The leak-proof member 40 is a leak-proof sheet connected to the periphery of the second sub-cavity opening 32, and is used to seal the gap between the main body covering 22 and the branch covering 31. Specifically, the leak-proof member 40 can be composed of a plurality of leak-proof sheets spliced ​​together, each of which is sealed between the inner surface of the main body covering 22 and the outer surface of the branch covering 31. These leak-proof sheets enclose a through hole, and the edge of the through hole of the leak-proof member 40 is sealed against the outer surface of the branch covering 31. Preferably, the edge of the through hole of the leak-proof member 40 is sealed against the edge of the second sub-cavity opening 32, and the outer periphery of the leak-proof member 40 on the side facing away from the main cavity opening 52 is sealed against the inner surface of the main body covering 22.

[0069] In other embodiments, the through hole surrounded by the leak-proof sheet is not a complete through hole, and it can only be sealed and connected to the left and right sides of the branch coating 31. The rear side of the branch coating 31 is sealed and connected to the main coating 22. After the main bracket is implanted, the front side of the branch coating 31 can be sealed and connected to the main bracket.

[0070] In this embodiment, the leak-proof member 40 includes two leak-proof sheets, each of which is a leak-proof coating 41. The two leak-proof coatings 41 are respectively sealed and connected between the edge of the second sub-cavity 32 of the branch coating 31 and the inner surface of the main coating 22. That is, a leak-proof coating 41 is provided on each of the two opposite sides of the proximal end of the branch coating 31, and each leak-proof coating 41 is connected between the branch coating 31 and the main coating 22. The design of the sheet-like leak-proof sheet allows for more flexible positioning of the leak-proof member, and can also reduce the overall amount of coating used on the diversion rack, thereby reducing the diameter of the conveyor sheath. At the same time, the leak-proof member 40 has a relatively small structure and will not affect the patency of blood flow during the release process.

[0071] like Figure 8 As shown, each leak-proof covering 41 is a triangular leak-proof covering sheet, each leak-proof covering 41 including a first edge 411, a second edge 413, and a third edge 415 connected end to end. The first edge 411 of the leak-proof covering 41 is used for sealing connection to the branch covering 31, the second edge 413 of the leak-proof covering 41 is sealed to the main covering 22, and the third edge 415 of the leak-proof covering 41 is connected between the branch covering 31 and the main covering 22. Preferably, the first edge 411 of each leak-proof covering 41 is an arcuate edge corresponding to the outer surface of the branch covering 31, that is, the center of the first edge 411 is located on the axis of the branch covering 31; the second edge 413 is an arcuate edge corresponding to the inner surface of the main covering 22, that is, the center of the second edge 413 is located on the axis of the main covering 22; and the third edge 415 can be a straight edge or an arcuate edge.

[0072] Preferably, an elastic first support member 416 is provided on the third edge 415 of each leak-proof coating 41. The first support member 416 extends along the third edge 415, and the opposite ends of the first support member 416 are respectively connected between the branch coating 31 and the main coating 22. When the vascular diversion rack 100 is unfolded, the first support member 416 is used to support the leak-proof coating 41 in an open state to prevent the coating from collapsing and thus interfering with the implantation of the main stent. When the main stent is inserted into the main cavity 52, the first support member 416 can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main tube 20, so that the third edge 415 of each leak-proof coating 41 is sealed and attached to the outer surface of the main coating 31 to prevent internal leakage. Specifically, the first support member 416 is an elastic support rod, which is provided on the third edge 415 and extends along the length direction of the third edge 415.

[0073] In other embodiments, a second elastic support member is provided on one of the first edge 411 and the second edge 413 of each leak-proof covering 41. The second support member is connected to the branch covering 31 or the main covering 22. A first elastic support member 416 is also provided on the third edge 415. The second support member is connected to one end of the first support member 416, thereby supporting the leak-proof covering 41 in an open state when the vascular diversion rack 100 is deployed. Preferably, the second support member is an elastic support rod.

[0074] In other embodiments, each leak-proof covering 41 is provided with elastic support members on its first edge 411, second edge 413, and third edge 415. Specifically, the three support members extend along the length of the corresponding first edge 411, second edge 413, and third edge 415. The three support members are connected end to end: the support member on the first edge 411 is connected to the branch covering 31, the support member on the second edge 413 is connected to the main covering 22, and the support member on the third edge 415 is connected between the branch covering 31 and the main covering 22. This supports the leak-proof covering 41 in its open position when the vascular diversion rack 100 is deployed. Preferably, each support member is an elastic support rod.

[0075] In other embodiments, the leak-proof covering 41 can also be sutured or otherwise flexibly reinforced, for example, by being fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the branch covering 31, and the rear side of the branch covering 31 being fixedly connected to the main covering 22. Suturing is preferred. By sewing these two edges, the shape of the third side can be stabilized to a certain extent. Alternatively, a loop of thread can be sewn around the third side to provide additional support. This approach can reduce the sheath diameter and improve the overall flexibility of the diverter rack.

[0076] like Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is another embodiment of the leak-proof member 40a of the vascular diversion stent 100b provided in the third embodiment of the present invention. The leak-proof member 40a is a single, integral leak-proof sheet, comprising a leak-proof membrane 43. Two adjacent through-holes 430 are defined in the middle of the membrane 43. The edges of the through-holes 430 of the leak-proof membrane 43 are sealed against the outer surfaces of the corresponding branch membranes 31. The outer peripheral edge of the leak-proof membrane 43, facing away from the main lumen opening 52, is sealed against the inner surface of the main body membrane 22. Preferably, the leak-proof membrane 43 is crescent-shaped, comprising a first curved edge 431 facing the inner surface of the main body membrane 22 and a second curved edge 433 facing away from the first curved edge 431. The first curved edge 431 of the leak-proof membrane 43 is configured to be sealed against the main body membrane 22, while the second curved edge 433 is configured to be sealed against the outer surface of the main stent inserted into the main lumen opening 52 of the main tube 20.

[0077] Preferably, the first curved edge 431 and / or the second curved edge 433 of the leakage prevention member 40a are provided with elastic support members. The support members on the first curved edge 431 are connected to the inner surface of the main body covering 22, and the support members on the second curved edge 433 are closely attached to the outer surface of the main body bracket inserted into the main cavity 52 of the main body tube 20. Furthermore, the support members are elastic support rods that extend along the first curved edge 431 and / or the second curved edge 433.

[0078] In other embodiments, three or more through holes are provided in the middle of the leak-proof covering 43, the inner cavity of the main covering 22 accommodates three or more branch tubes 30, and three or more first sub-cavities 54 are opened on the first sealing membrane 50. The distal end cavity 34 of each branch tube 30 is sealedly connected to the first sub-cavity 54 corresponding to the first sealing membrane 50, and the second sub-cavity 32 of each branch tube 30 is sealedly connected to the through hole 430 corresponding to the leak-proof covering 43.

[0079] Please also refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100b provided in a third embodiment of the present invention in one of its usage states; Figure 11 yes Figure 10A cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in the figure. When using the vascular diverter 100b, one end of the main stent 800 is inserted from the distal end into the main lumen 52 of the main tube 20. The main stent 800 expands the inner diameter of the main lumen 52 of the first sealing membrane 50, deforming the first sealing membrane 50 so that the edge of the main lumen 52 closely contacts the outer surface of the main stent 800. Simultaneously, the main stent 800 also expands the third edges 415 of the two leak-proof members 40, deforming each leak-proof member 40 so that the third edges 415 closely contact the outer surface of the main stent 800. At this point, the distal and proximal ends of the branch tube 30 are sealed by the first sealing membrane 50 and the leak-proof member 40, respectively, effectively preventing internal leakage. At this time, the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening 54 is inclined to the axis of the main tube 20, and then the sub-branch tube stent is inserted into the branch tube inner cavity 33 of each branch tube 30 of the vascular diversion rack 100b to form a vascular stent, that is, the vascular stent also includes a vascular diversion rack, a main stent 800 and a sub-branch tube stent. One end of the main stent 800 passes through the main cavity opening 52 on the first sealing membrane 50 and is inserted into the main tube 20 of the vascular diversion rack. The leak-proof component 40 and the first sealing membrane 50 are tightly fitted with the outer surface of the main stent 800. One end of the sub-branch tube stent passes through the first sub-cavity opening 54 on the first sealing membrane 50 and is inserted into the branch tube 30 of the vascular diversion rack. By providing a leak-proof part 40 around the proximal end cavity of the branch covering 31 and the inner surface of the main covering 22, the leak-proof part 40, the main support 800 and the branch covering 31 also form a sealing structure at the proximal end of the vascular stent. On the one hand, although the first sealing film 50 can play a certain sealing effect and prevent the occurrence of internal leakage of the vascular stent, the proximal blood continues to flow to the first sealing film 50, causing the first sealing film 50 to exceed its load limit, and internal leakage may still occur. By providing the leak-proof part 40, blood is blocked from the proximal end where blood flows in, forming a double sealing effect with the distal first sealing film 50, which can further reduce the occurrence of internal leakage; on the other hand, blood is prevented from entering the gap between the branch covering 31 and the main support 800. The distal end of this gap is provided with the first sealing film 50, and blood cannot flow, which is prone to form thrombus.

[0080] Please also refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 12 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blood vessel diversion rack 100c provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 yes Figure 12A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular diversion rack 100c from another perspective. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100c provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the third embodiment, except that: in the fourth embodiment, the leak-proof component 40c is a leak-proof frame 45 provided on opposite sides of the branch coating 31, and the two leak-proof frames 45 are used to seal the gap between the proximal end of the branch coating 31 and the main body coating 22. Specifically, a leak-proof frame 45 is provided between the side of one branch coating 31 away from the other branch coating 31 and the inner surface of the main body coating 22, the distal surface of the leak-proof frame 45 is connected to the first sealing film 50, and the proximal surface of the leak-proof frame 45 is adjacent to the proximal surface of the branch coating 31; preferably, the proximal surface edge of the leak-proof frame 45 is sealed and connected to the periphery of the second sub-cavity 32 of the corresponding branch coating 31.

[0081] Please also refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 yes Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the leak-proof parts 40c in FIG. Each leak-proof frame 45 includes a distal surface 451 attached to the first sealing film 50, a proximal surface 452 facing away from the distal surface 451, a first attaching surface 454 attached to the branch covering 31, a second attaching surface 455 attached to the main covering 22, and a sealing surface 456 connecting the distal surface 451, the proximal surface 452, the first attaching surface 454 and the second attaching surface 455. At least the proximal surface 452 is provided with a second sealing film 457 and the sealing surface 456 is provided with a third sealing film 458. By providing the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456, the sealing effect of the shunt stent after being combined with the main stent can be further improved, and the risk of internal leakage due to the failure to achieve a perfect seal between the main stent and the shunt stent after being released can be prevented. At the same time, the leak-proof frame 45 is designed as an integral whole, and its structure is also more stable.

[0082] When each leak-proof frame 45 is connected between the corresponding branch covering 31 and the main covering 22, the second sealing film 457 on the proximal surface 452 is sealed between the branch covering 31, the main covering 22, and the proximal end of the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456; the distal end of the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456 is sealed to the first sealing film 50, and the opposite side edges of the third sealing film 458 are sealed to the branch covering 31 and the main covering 22. At this time, the distal surface 451 and the first sealing film 50 share the covering, the first fitting surface 454 and the branch covering 31 share the covering, and the second fitting surface 455 and the main covering 22 share the covering; by sharing the covering on the connected surfaces of the shunt stent, the utilization rate of the overall covering of the shunt stent can be reduced, thereby reducing the diameter of the conveyor sheath. The second sealing film 457 , the third sealing film 458 , the branch covering film 31 and the main covering film 22 form a sealed frame, so that the branch covering film 31 and the main covering film 22 are sealed by the leak-proof frame 45 to prevent internal leakage.

[0083] In other embodiments, the second sealing film 457 on the proximal surface 452 and the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456 are an integrated structure. This integrated structure design makes the overall structure of the leak-proof frame 45 more stable and the supporting performance better. Even in the absence of a support, it can stably maintain its overall shape. There is no other connecting structure between the second sealing film 457 and the third sealing film 458, thereby avoiding the risk of internal leakage.

[0084] In other embodiments, an elastic support ring is provided on the edge of the third sealing membrane 458 on the sealing surface 456 for holding open the leak-proof frame 45; the periphery of the support ring is respectively connected to the first sealing membrane 50, the branch membrane 31, the main body membrane 22 and the second sealing membrane 457 on the proximal surface 452.

[0085] In other embodiments, sealing films may be provided on the distal surface 451 , the proximal surface 452 , the first fitting surface 454 , the second fitting surface 455 , and the sealing surface 456 of the leakage prevention frame 45 ; further, these sealing films may be an integral structure.

[0086] See also Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the leak-proof component of the vascular diversion rack 100c provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The leak-proof frame 40d in this embodiment is similar in structure to the fourth embodiment, differing in that the inner cavity of each leak-proof frame 40d is filled with an expandable material or provided with a velvet structure, which accelerates thrombus formation and improves sealing.

[0087] See also Figure 16 , Figure 16 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt stent 100d provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular shunt stent 100d provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the second embodiment, except that the proximal end of the annular support member 56 is located near the edge of the first sealing membrane 50 on the side away from the main body covering 22, and at least one support member 60 is provided on the branch covering 31 of each branch tube 30. When the vascular shunt stent 100d is in its naturally expanded state, the support member 60 supports the annular support member 56, thereby maintaining the corresponding distal end opening 34 open, facilitating insertion of the branch tube stent through the distal end opening 34 into the branch tube lumen 33.

[0088] Specifically, the support member 60 is in an inverted V-shape and includes two support rods 62 intersecting at one end. The intersection of the two support rods 62 is connected to the corresponding annular support member 56, and the two support rods 62 are respectively connected to the branch covering 31. Each support rod 62 is made of nickel-titanium wire with a wire diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.40 mm, preferably, a wire diameter of 0.20 mm to 0.30 mm. The support rods 62 can be fixed to the branch covering 31 by suturing or hot pressing. In this embodiment, the support rods 62 are fixed to the edge of the branch covering 31 by suturing.

[0089] See also Figure 17 , Figure 17 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt rack 100e provided in accordance with the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular shunt rack 100e provided in accordance with the sixth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the third embodiment, except that the proximal end of the annular support member 56 is located near the edge of the first sealing membrane 50 on the side away from the main body covering 22, and at least one support member 60 is provided on the branch covering 31 of each branch tube 30. When the vascular shunt rack 100e is in its naturally unfolded state, the support member 60 is used to support the annular support member 56, so that the corresponding distal end cavity 34 remains open, facilitating the insertion of the sub-branch stent through the distal end cavity 34 into the branch tube lumen 33. Specifically, the support member 60 is in an inverted V-shape and includes two support rods 62 intersecting at one end. The intersection of the two support rods 62 is connected to the corresponding annular support member 56, and the two support rods 62 are respectively connected to the branch covering 31. The support rod 62 can be fixed to the branch covering film 31 by sewing or hot pressing. In this embodiment, the support rod 62 is fixed to the edge of the branch covering film 31 by sewing.

[0090] See also Figure 18 , Figure 18 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100f according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100f according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the second embodiment, except that, in the seventh embodiment, each branch tube 30 is provided with a developing structure 80 at the edge of the first sub-cavity 54. The developing structure 80 is a developing wire wound continuously or discontinuously around the annular support member 56. Alternatively, the annular support member 56 may be made of an alloy doped with a developing material, such as a nickel-titanium alloy wire containing tantalum, with a diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.40 mm.

[0091] In this embodiment, the annular support member 56 is a metal ring made of a memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy annular structure. The metal ring adapts to the edge shape of the first sub-cavity opening 54, and the imaging structure 80 is a imaging wire that is continuously or intermittently wound around the metal ring. Because the annular imaging structure 80 has imaging properties and is annular in shape, the position of the annular imaging structure 80 can be clearly observed using imaging equipment during surgery. That is, the annular imaging structure 80 can be observed as surrounding the edge of the first sub-cavity opening 54, rather than as scattered imaging points. Therefore, the insertion of the branch vessel stent into the first sub-cavity opening 54 is more convenient and faster. The imaging member material includes, but is not limited to, gold, platinum, platinum-tungsten, palladium, platinum-iridium, rhodium, tantalum, or alloys or composites of these metals.

[0092] In other embodiments, the outer surface of the annular support member 56 may be inlaid or attached with at least one circle of developing material, such as a developing metal wire inlaid on the annular support member 56, or a developing metal wire 84 attached at least one circle on the outer surface of the annular support member 56. Preferably, a tantalum wire is wound around the annular support member 56.

[0093] In other embodiments, the developing structure 80 is a developing point continuously or intermittently fixed on the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 on the first sealing film 50, and the developing point is fixed on the annular support 56 or sewn on the first sealing film 50 where the annular support 56 is located by sewing, stamping, hot pressing, inlaying or pasting.

[0094] In other embodiments, an annular developing structure is also provided at the edge of the main cavity opening 52 . The annular developing structure is a developing point that is continuously or discontinuously fixed on the first sealing film 50 at the edge of the main cavity opening 52 .

[0095] See also Figure 19 , Figure 19FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt stent 100g provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular shunt stent 100g provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the fourth embodiment, except that in the eighth embodiment, the proximal end of the annular support member 56 is located near the edge of the first sealing membrane 50 on the side away from the main body covering 22, and at least one support member 60 is provided on the branch covering 31 of each branch tube 30. When the vascular shunt stent 100f is in its naturally deployed state, the support member 60 is used to support the annular support member 56, thereby maintaining the corresponding distal end opening 34 in an open state, facilitating insertion of the branch tube stent through the distal end opening 34 into the branch tube lumen 33. Specifically, the support member 60 is in an inverted V-shape and includes two support rods 62 intersecting at one end. The intersection of the two support rods 62 is connected to the corresponding annular support member 56, and the two support rods 62 are respectively connected to the branch covering 31. The support rod 62 can be fixed to the branch covering film 31 by sewing or hot pressing. In this embodiment, the support rod 62 is fixed to the edge of the branch covering film 31 by sewing.

[0096] See also Figure 20 , Figure 20 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100h according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100h according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the second embodiment, except that, in the ninth embodiment, a positioning member is provided at the edge of the main cavity opening 52 of the first sealing membrane 50. The positioning member is fixed to the edge of the first sealing membrane 50 on the side of the main cavity opening 52 away from the side wall of the main tube 20.

[0097] Specifically, the positioning member is a positioning rod 70 fixed to the first sealing membrane 50 on the side of the main cavity opening 52 away from the main tube 20. The positioning rod 70 is elastic and serves to position the first sealing membrane 50, that is, to fix the orientation of the first sealing membrane 50, increase the support force of the opening edge of the sealing membrane, and prevent the side of the first sealing membrane 50 away from the main tube 20 from collapsing. The positioning rod 70 is made of a memory alloy wire, preferably a nickel-titanium alloy wire.

[0098] The positioning rod 70 extends from the edge of the first sealing membrane 50 on the side wall of the main tube 20 where the main lumen 52 is connected to the main tube 20 toward the center of the main tube 20. The opposite ends of the positioning rod 70 are respectively connected to the side walls of the main tube 20. Therefore, when the main stent is inserted into the main lumen 52 of the main tube 20, the positioning rod 70 can be closely attached to the outer surface of the main stent, thereby tightly fitting the first sealing membrane 50 to the outer surface of the main stent to prevent internal leakage. This also facilitates the insertion of the main stent into the main lumen 52 of the main tube 20, improves the compatibility of the main stent with the vascular shunt, and makes the connection between the main stent and the vascular shunt more stable.

[0099] In this embodiment, the positioning rod 70 is a wavy structure formed by connecting three arc-shaped rods. The positioning rod 70 includes a first arc-shaped rod 72 located in the center and two second arc-shaped rods 74 connected to opposite ends of the first arc-shaped rod 72. The two second arc-shaped rods 74 have the same structure and are symmetrical about the midpoint of the first arc-shaped rod 72. The two second arc-shaped rods 74 are smoothly connected to the first arc-shaped rod 72. The first arc-shaped rod 72 and the two second arc-shaped rods 74 are an integrated structure. The positioning rod 70 is formed by bending a memory alloy wire.

[0100] In other embodiments, the first arc rod 72 and the two sections of the second arc rod 74 may be a split structure, that is, the first arc rod 72 and the two sections of the second arc rod 74 are connected together by mechanical pressing or welding.

[0101] like Figure 20 The middle portion of the first arc rod 72 is bent toward the main cavity opening 52, and the middle portion of each second arc rod 74 is bent toward the side away from the main cavity opening 52. The diameter of the positioning rod 70 is between 0.10 mm and 0.40 mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the positioning rod 70 is between 0.20 mm and 0.30 mm. The positioning rod 70 can be fixed to the first sealing film 50 by sewing or heat pressing. In this embodiment, the positioning rod 70 is fixed to the edge of the first sealing film 50 by sewing.

[0102] In other embodiments, the positioning rod 70 may be made of a memory alloy wire containing a developing material to facilitate the insertion of the branch vessel stent into the main lumen 52 .

[0103] In other embodiments, the positioning rod 70 is continuously or discontinuously wound with a developing wire.

[0104] In other embodiments, a developing structure is embedded or attached to the positioning rod 70. For example, a developing wire is embedded on the positioning rod 70.

[0105] See also Figure 21 , Figure 21 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100i provided in the tenth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100i provided in the tenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that: in the tenth embodiment, at least one support member 60 is provided on the first sealing membrane 50. The at least one support member 60 is connected between the positioning rod 70 and the annular support member 56. The at least one support member 60 is a support rod fixed to the first sealing membrane 50, one end of the support rod is connected to the positioning rod 70, and the other end of the support member 60 is connected to the annular support member 56. The support member 60 is made of nickel-titanium wire with a wire diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.40 mm, preferably 0.20 mm to 0.30 mm.

[0106] In this embodiment, two tangential first sub-cavities 54 are provided on the first sealing membrane 50, and two branch tubes 30 are provided in the main tube inner cavity 25 of the main tube 20, and the distal ends of the two branch tubes 30 are respectively connected to the two first sub-cavities 54. The two first sub-cavities 54 are located on the side away from the main cavity 52, and the outer side surfaces of the two branch tubes 30 are both in contact with the inner wall of the main tube inner cavity 25. The support member 60 is fixed to the first sealing membrane 50 and connected between the positioning rod 70 and the tangent point of the two first sub-cavities 54. The first sealing membrane 50 is recessed toward the two first sub-cavities 54, that is, the first sealing membrane 50 is inclined toward the two first sub-cavities 54. Preferably, one end of the support member 60 is fixed to the first arc rod 72 of the positioning rod 70, preferably fixed to the midpoint of the first arc rod 72, and the other end of the support member 60 is fixed between the tangent points of the first sub-cavities 54.

[0107] See also Figure 22 , Figure 22 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100j provided in accordance with the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100j provided in accordance with the tenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that, in the eleventh embodiment, two first sub-cavities 54 are defined in the first sealing membrane 50. Two support members 60 are fixed to the first sealing membrane 50 at intervals. The two support members 60 are respectively connected between the edges of the two first sub-cavities 54 and the positioning rod 70. Specifically, one end of each support member 60 is fixed to the second arc rod 74 of the positioning rod 70, and the other end is fixed to the annular support member 56 at the edge of the corresponding first sub-cavity 54.

[0108] In this embodiment, the two support members 60 are in an inverted "eight" shape.

[0109] In other embodiments, two support members 60 may be fixed to the first sealing film 50 in parallel with each other, and each support member 60 is connected between the edge of the corresponding first sub-cavity 54 and the positioning rod 70 .

[0110] In other embodiments, three or more support members 60 may be fixed on the first sealing membrane 50, wherein a portion of the support members 60 is connected between the annular support member 56 at the edge of one of the first sub-cavity openings 54 and the positioning rod 70, and another portion of the support members 60 is connected between the annular support member 56 at the edge of another first sub-cavity opening 54 and the positioning rod 70.

[0111] See also Figure 23 , Figure 23 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100k provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the blood vessel diversion rack 100k provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the eleventh embodiment, except that: in the twelfth embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 23 As shown, the support rod 60a includes a first rod 64 and a second rod 65 obliquely connected to one end of the first rod 64. The angle between the first rod 64 and the second rod 65 ranges from 24 to 130 degrees. The first rod 64 of each support rod 60a is fixed to the first sealing membrane 50, and the second rod 65 is fixed to the sidewall of the corresponding branch tube 30. That is, the second rod 65 is fixed to the branch membrane 31 of the corresponding branch tube 30. The intersection of the first rod 64 and the second rod 65 is located at the intersection of the first sealing membrane 50 and the sidewall of the corresponding branch tube 30. The first rod 64 and the first sealing membrane 50 have the same inclination angle, and the second rod 65 extends axially along the corresponding branch membrane 31. The end of each first rod 64 away from the corresponding second rod 65 is fixed to the positioning rod 70. Preferably, the end of each first rod 64 away from the corresponding second rod 65 is fixed to the corresponding second arc rod 74.

[0112] In this embodiment, the first rod 64 and the second rod 65 are integrally formed, and the angle between the first rod 64 and the second rod 65 is formed by hot pressing and bending. The first rod 64 and the second rod 65 are fixed to the first sealing film 50 and the branch covering film 31 respectively by sewing.

[0113] The first rod body 64 of the support rod 60a in this embodiment is fixed on the first sealing membrane 50, and the end of the first rod body 64 away from the second rod body 65 is fixed on the positioning rod 70. The support rod 60a and the positioning rod 70 support the first sealing membrane 50; the second rod body 65 is fixed on the branch covering 31, which can not only support the first sealing membrane 50, but also position the corresponding branch covering 31, and can enhance the radial supporting force of the branch tube 30, so that the first sealing membrane 50 and the side wall of the main tube 20 form a stable trumpet structure, so that the blood flow in the main tube 20 and the branch tube 30 is smoother, and it is convenient to insert the branch blood vessel stent into the main cavity 52 and the first sub-cavity 54.

[0114] In other embodiments, the first sealing membrane 50 may be provided with only one support rod 60 a. The first rod 64 of the support rod 60 a is fixed to the first sealing membrane 50 , and the end of the first rod 64 away from the second rod 65 is fixed to the positioning rod 70 . The second rod 65 is fixed to the tangent point of the two branch pipes 30 .

[0115] In other embodiments, the first sealing membrane 50 may also be provided with only one support rod 60a, and only one first sub-cavity 54 is opened on the first sealing membrane 50. The first rod body 64 of the support rod 60a is fixed on the first sealing membrane 50, and the second rod body 65 is fixed on the branch covering membrane 31 of the first sub-cavity 54. The intersection of the first rod body 64 and the second rod body 65 is located at the intersection of the first sealing membrane 50 and the branch covering membrane 31, and the end of the first rod body 64 away from the second rod body 65 is connected to the positioning rod 70.

[0116] See also Figure 24 , Figure 24 FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100m provided in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100m provided in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that in the thirteenth embodiment, a developing structure 80 is provided at the edge of the first sub-cavity opening 54 of the branch tube 30. The developing structure 80 is a developing wire continuously or discontinuously wound around the annular support member 56. Alternatively, the annular support member 56 may be made of an alloy doped with a developing material, for example, a nickel-titanium alloy wire containing tantalum, with a diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.40 mm.

[0117] In this embodiment, the annular support member 56 is a metal ring made of a memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy ring structure. The metal ring adapts to the edge shape of the first sub-cavity opening 54. The imaging structure 80 is a imaging wire wound continuously or discontinuously around the metal ring. Because the annular imaging structure 80 is imaging-capable and annular, the position of the annular imaging structure 80 can be clearly observed using imaging equipment during surgery. Specifically, the annular imaging structure 80 can be observed as surrounding the edge of the first sub-cavity opening 54, rather than as scattered imaging points. This makes insertion of the branch vessel stent into the first sub-cavity opening 54 more convenient and rapid.

[0118] See also Figure 25 , Figure 25 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt stent 100n provided in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular shunt stent 100n provided in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that, in the fourteenth embodiment, the edge of the annular support member 56 is connected to the positioning rod 70. Specifically, one side of the first sub-cavity opening 54 on the first sealing membrane 50 is adjacent to the positioning rod 70, or is tangential to the positioning rod 70, thereby connecting the annular support member 56 provided at the edge of the first sub-cavity opening 54 to the positioning rod 70. This allows the annular support member 56 to stably prop open the first sub-cavity opening 54, facilitating the insertion of the sub-branch stent.

[0119] In this embodiment, the first sealing membrane 50 defines two adjacent first sub-cavities 54. Each first sub-cavity 54 can be elliptical or circular. An elliptical or circular annular support member 56 is provided at the edge of each first sub-cavity 54. The plane enclosed by each first sub-cavity 54 is inclined relative to the axis of the main tube 20. Specifically, the angle between the plane enclosed by each first sub-cavity 54 and the axis of the main tube 20 is less than 90 degrees. The annular support member 56 on each first sub-cavity 54 is connected to a positioning rod 70 on the side facing away from the main covering 22. The extended support provided by the annular support member 56 on the first sealing membrane further stabilizes the orientation of the first sealing membrane 50, preventing the first covering from collapsing into the main cavity and thereby interfering with the implantation of the main stent.

[0120] See also Figure 26 , Figure 26 3D schematic diagram of the vascular shunt rack 100p provided in the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular shunt rack 100p provided in the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the fourteenth embodiment, except that: in the fifteenth embodiment, the distal ends of the annular support member 56 and the wavy support member 35 are both connected to the positioning rod 70. Specifically, a wavy support member 35 is fixed to each branch covering 31, and the distal end of the wavy support member 35 at the farthest end of the branch covering 31 is connected to the distal end of the corresponding annular support member 56. The connection between the wavy support member 35 and the annular support member 56 is connected to the positioning rod 70, thereby more stably propping open the first sub-cavity 54 and facilitating the insertion of the sub-branch stent.

[0121] In other embodiments, Figure 27 As shown, the distal wavy support member 35 is a structure with high waves and low waves spaced apart. The distal wavy support member 35 includes a high-wave support rod 351 and a low-wave support rod 352. The distal end of the high-wave support rod 351 is close to the distal end of the annular support member 56. In a preferred embodiment, the distal end of the high-wave support rod 351 is connected to the distal end of the annular support member 56 to improve the overall support stability of the first sealing membrane 50 and the branch covering membrane 31.

[0122] In other embodiments, Figure 28As shown, the proximal end 3512 of the high-wave support rod 351 is parallel to the axis of the main tube 20, and the angle between the distal end 3511 of the high-wave support rod 351 and the axis of the main tube 20 is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees. Preferably, the distal end 3511 of the high-wave support rod 351 is parallel to the plane where the annular support member 56 is located, that is, preferably, the angle between the distal end 3511 of the high-wave support rod 351 and the axis of the main tube 20 is greater than 5 degrees and less than 80 degrees. More preferably, the angle is greater than 30 degrees and less than 60 degrees. By the high-wave support rod 351 supporting the distal end of the first sealing membrane 50 and the annular support member 56, the direction of the first sealing membrane 50 can be fixed, preventing the first sealing membrane from collapsing and sagging. At the same time, the design is simpler, reducing the amount of metal material used in the overall shunt stent, and the shunt stent can be implanted through a smaller delivery sheath diameter.

[0123] See also Figure 29 , Figure 29 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vascular diversion rack 100s provided in accordance with the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the vascular diversion rack 100s provided in accordance with the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the fifteenth embodiment, except that, in the sixteenth embodiment, a developing structure 80 is provided at the edge of the first sub-cavity opening 54 and / or the edge of the main cavity opening 52. The developing structure 80 is a developing wire continuously or discontinuously wound around the annular support member 56. Alternatively, the annular support member 56 may be made of an alloy doped with a developing material, such as a nickel-titanium alloy wire containing tantalum, with a diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.40 mm.

[0124] In this embodiment, the annular support member 56 is a metal ring made of a memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy ring structure. The metal ring conforms to the edge shape of the first sub-cavity opening 54. The imaging structure 80 is a imaging wire wound continuously or discontinuously around the metal ring. Because the annular imaging structure 80 is imaging-sensitive and annular, the position of the annular imaging structure 80 can be clearly observed using imaging equipment during surgery. Specifically, the annular imaging structure 80 can be observed as surrounding the edge of the first sub-cavity opening 54, rather than as scattered imaging points. This makes insertion of the branch vessel stent into the first sub-cavity opening 54 more convenient and rapid.

[0125] The angle between the plane where the annular support member 56 located around the first sub-cavity 54 or the second sub-cavity and the axis of the main tube 20 is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and preferably the angle is greater than 5 degrees and less than 80 degrees. More preferably, the angle is greater than 45 degrees and less than 60 degrees. The annular support members 56 arranged at both ends of the branch tube are not perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20. In the clamping state, the annular support members 56 on the shunt stent 100s are subjected to pressure perpendicular to the axis of the main tube, which will be severely deformed, resulting in the shape not being well maintained. The first sub-cavity 54 and the annular support members 56 around it, which are not arranged perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20, avoid the clamping of the vertical radial support force, can better maintain the shape of the sub-cavity 54 annular support member 56, and are more conducive to the implantation of the branch stent.

[0126] The above is an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the embodiment of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vascular shunt, comprising a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the inner cavity of the main tube, characterized in that: The main tube includes a tubular main covering, and at least one branch tube includes a tubular branch covering, and the branch covering is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main covering, and a first sealing film is provided between the distal end of the main covering and the distal end of the branch covering to separate the inner cavity of the main covering into a main cavity opening and at least one first sub-cavity opening, the first sub-cavity opening is sealingly connected to the distal end of the branch covering, and the angle between the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening and the plane surrounded by the main cavity opening is greater than 0 degree; the surface of the branch covering is provided with at least one wavy support member, and the wavy support member at the distal end includes a high-wave support rod and a low-wave support rod, the proximal end of the high-wave support rod is parallel to the axis of the main tube, and the angle between the distal end of the high-wave support rod and the axis of the main tube is greater than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees; leak-proof frames are provided on opposite sides of the branch covering, and the leak-proof frame is used to seal the gap between the proximal end of the branch covering and the main covering.

2. The vascular shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plane surrounded by the main cavity opening is perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube.

3. The vascular shunt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle between the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening and the axis of the main body tube is less than 90 degrees.

4. The vascular shunt according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle between the plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening and the axis of the main body tube is greater than 5 degrees and less than 80 degrees.

5. The vascular shunt according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second sub-cavity opening is provided at the proximal end of the branch covering, and a plane surrounded by the first sub-cavity opening is parallel to a plane surrounded by the second sub-cavity opening.

6. The vascular shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each leak-proof frame includes a distal surface adhered to the first sealing film, a proximal surface facing away from the distal surface, a first bonding surface adhered to the branch film, a second bonding surface adhered to the main body film, and a sealing surface connected between the distal surface, the proximal surface, the first bonding surface and the second bonding surface, at least the proximal surface is provided with a second sealing film and the sealing surface is provided with a third sealing film, the distal surface shares a coating with the first sealing film, the first bonding surface shares a coating with the branch film, and the second bonding surface shares a coating with the main body film.

7. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner cavity of each leak-proof frame is filled with expandable material, or the inner cavity of each leak-proof frame is provided with a fluff structure.

8. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular support member is provided around the first sub-cavity opening and the second sub-cavity opening.

9. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The proximal end of the annular support member is close to the edge of the first sealing membrane away from the main body covering membrane.

10. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 9, characterized in that: The distal end of at least one of the corrugated support members is close to the annular support member.

11. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distal edge of the high-wave support rod is close to the distal edge of the annular support member.

12. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 8, characterized in that: A positioning piece is provided at the edge of the main cavity opening, and the positioning piece is fixed on the first sealing film at the edge of the main cavity opening on a side away from the side wall of the main tube.

13. The vascular bypass rack according to claim 12, characterized in that: The edge of the annular support member is connected to the positioning member.

14. The vascular shunt according to claim 12, characterized in that: The distal ends of the annular support member and the wavy support member are both connected to the positioning member.

15. A vascular stent, comprising a main stent and a branch stent, characterized in that: The vascular stent also includes a vascular shunt stand as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, one end of the main stent is inserted into the main tube of the vascular shunt stand through the main cavity on the first sealing membrane, and one end of the branch tube stent is inserted into the branch tube through the sub-cavity on the first sealing membrane.

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