Multifunctional sputum aspirator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional sputum aspirator, which comprises: a ventilation structure for connecting the patient's airway with the outside; an airbag disposed at the front end of the ventilation structure and capable of expanding to cover the opening of the patient's airway; and a sputum aspiration assembly passing through the ventilation structure and the airbag and having a front end that can extend into the patient's airway to discharge the secretions in the airway. The multifunctional sputum aspirator of the present invention has a simple structure, low difficulty in placement and operation, can establish an artificial airway in the patient's oral cavity, has reliable ventilation, small damage to the airway mucosa, high success rate, can efficiently discharge the secretions in the patient's airway, and reduces vomiting and aspiration under the stimulation of sputum aspiration in the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to a multifunctional sputum suction device. Background Art

[0002] In clinical practice, some patients need to be assisted with sputum suction using a sputum suction device. Currently, the sputum suction device often consists of an oropharyngeal ventilation structure and a disposable sputum suction tube. For patients who cannot cooperate (such as those in a coma or under anesthesia), the above sputum suction device can achieve the function of sputum suction. However, for patients who still have a sense of resistance, the sputum suction device has the following limitations:

[0003] 1) For patients who do not cooperate with sputum suction, it is difficult to insert the oropharyngeal ventilation structure into the oral cavity and reach the pharynx, thus making it difficult to establish an effective sputum suction channel;

[0004] 2) The end of the oropharyngeal ventilation structure can be blocked by the patient's tongue root, preventing the sputum suction tube from reaching deep into the pharynx for effective sputum suction;

[0005] 3) The oropharyngeal ventilation structure and the sputum suction tube are hard in texture, and improper operation often causes damage to the upper respiratory mucosa of the patient;

[0006] 4) The oropharyngeal ventilation structure does not have an airway protection function, and it may cause the patient to vomit and aspirate under the stimulation of sputum suction, resulting in aspiration pneumonia, which significantly increases the length of hospital stay and is a risk factor for poor prognosis of the patient.

[0007] For the above reasons, for clinical medical staff in the industry, there is an urgent need for a sputum suction device that is simple and easy to operate and can overcome the aforementioned disadvantages. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a multifunctional sputum suction device that can establish an artificial airway in the patient's oral cavity, efficiently discharge airway secretions of the patient, has a simple structure, low difficulty in placement and operation, reliable ventilation, small damage to the airway mucosa, high success rate, and reduces vomiting and aspiration under the stimulation of sputum suction in the patient.

[0009] To achieve the above object of the present invention, the present invention provides a multifunctional sputum suction device, which includes: a ventilation structure for connecting the patient's airway with the outside; an airbag provided at the front end of the ventilation structure and capable of expanding to cover the airway opening of the patient; a sputum suction assembly passing through the ventilation structure and the airbag and having a front end that can extend into the patient's airway to discharge airway secretions.

[0010] Preferably, the ventilation structure includes: a main pipe having a through hole extending through its length; an oxygen channel provided on one side of the main pipe and used for communicating with an exogenous oxygen interface; a negative pressure channel provided on the other side of the main pipe and used for communicating with an exogenous negative pressure interface; wherein, the oxygen channel is communicated with the airbag.

[0011] Preferably, the front end opening of the main pipe is an inclined surface opening.

[0012] Preferably, the airbag is arranged inside the main pipe and near the inclined surface opening at the front end of the main pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a part of the airbag after inflation and expansion can extend out of the inclined surface opening at the front end of the main pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the airbag is an annular airbag.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of ventilation holes for preventing damage to the airway epithelial mucosa are formed in the airbag.

[0016] Preferably, the front end opening of the negative pressure channel is located on the back surface of the inclined surface opening of the main pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the sputum suction assembly includes: a sputum suction tube for extending into the patient's airway and sucking out airway secretions through negative pressure; an anti-injury structure arranged at the front end of the sputum suction tube for preventing damage to the patient's airway during the process of sucking out airway secretions.

[0018] Preferably, the sputum suction assembly further includes: a sputum hanging structure arranged at the front part of the sputum suction tube for taking out the secretions adhering between the outer wall of the sputum suction tube and the inner wall of the airway.

[0019] Preferably, the cross-section of the outer wall of the main pipe is oval or oblate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention has a simple structure, low difficulty in placement and operation, can establish an artificial airway in the patient's mouth to provide oxygen for the patient, has reliable ventilation, small damage to the airway mucosa, high success rate, can efficiently discharge the patient's airway secretions, can also reduce vomiting and aspiration under the stimulation of sputum suction for the patient, and moreover, the main pipe directly leads to the airway opening, can bypass the tongue and epiglottis, and significantly improves the working efficiency of the sputum suction operation.

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a ventilation structure and an airbag of the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention (the airbag is in an inflated and expanded state);

[0024] Figure 1b is a schematic structural diagram of a ventilation structure and an airbag of the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention (the airbag is in a retracted state without inflation);

[0025] Figure 2a is Figure 1b The first structural schematic diagram of the A-A cross-section of the ventilation structure;

[0026] Figure 2b is Figure 1b The second structural schematic diagram of the A-A cross-section of the ventilation structure;

[0027] Figure 2c is Figure 1b The third structural schematic diagram of the A-A cross-section of the ventilation structure;

[0028] Figure 2d is Figure 1b The first structural schematic diagram of the B-B cross-section of the ventilation structure;

[0029] Figure 2e is Figure 1b The second structural schematic diagram of the B-B cross-section of the ventilation structure;

[0030] Figure 2f is Figure 1b The third structural schematic diagram of the B-B cross-section of the ventilation structure;

[0031] Figure 3 is the front view of the front end of the ventilation structure;

[0032] Figure 4a is the perspective view when the airbag is in the retracted state without inflation;

[0033] Figure 4b is the perspective view when the airbag is in the inflated state;

[0034] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a sputum suction component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of installing the ventilation structure and the airbag via the patient's oral cavity (the airbag is in the inflated state);

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of installing the first structural multi-functional sputum suction device of the present invention in the airway;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of installing the second structural multi-functional sputum suction device of the present invention in the airway. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] As Figure 1a 、 Figure 1b shown, they are respectively the structural schematic diagrams of a ventilation structure and an airbag (the airbag is in the inflated state and the retracted state without inflation) of the multi-functional sputum suction device of the present invention, and are composed of Figure 1a 、 Figure 1bIt can be seen that the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention includes: a ventilation structure 1 for connecting the patient's airway to the outside; an airbag 2 provided at the front end of the ventilation structure and expandable to cover the opening of the patient's airway; a sputum suction assembly 5 passing through the ventilation structure and the airbag and having a front end that can extend into the patient's airway to discharge the secretions in the airway (see Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 ).

[0039] Specifically, the ventilation structure 1 of the present invention is used to connect the patient's airway to the outside air located outside the patient's oral cavity. The ventilation structure includes: a main pipe having a through hole 11 passing through its length in the center; an oxygen channel 13 provided on one side of the main pipe and used to communicate with an external oxygen interface (not shown in the figure); a negative pressure channel 12 provided on the other side of the main pipe and used to communicate with an external negative pressure interface (not shown in the figure); wherein, the oxygen channel 13 is communicated with the airbag 2.

[0040] The main pipe extends in a shape similar to an L shape, and its shape can bypass the tongue and epiglottis, so as to significantly improve the working efficiency of the sputum suction operation. During production, the main pipe can be made of existing technology laryngeal mask or oropharyngeal airway materials. The cross-section of the outer wall of the main pipe can be oval (as shown in Figure 2a ), or it can be a flat oval with arc-shaped ends and a rectangular middle (as shown in Figure 2b , Figure 2c ), so as to facilitate maintaining a flat front end when inserted through the patient's oral cavity, which can be parallel to the patient's lip line. Especially for patients who cannot cooperate with opening their mouths, when inserting the ventilation structure into the patient's airway, the flat front end of the main pipe can be first placed parallel to the patient's lip line, and then the flat front end of the main pipe is inserted into the patient's oral cavity. After the front end enters the patient's oral cavity, the main pipe is rotated 90°, which can make the opening degree of the patient's oral cavity consistent with the diameter of the main pipe, and can smoothly place the sputum suction assembly into the through hole of the main pipe.

[0041] Since there are an oxygen channel 13 and a negative pressure channel 12 provided in the main pipe, therefore, the cross-section of the inner wall of the main pipe is different according to the positions of the rear ports of the oxygen channel 13 and the negative pressure channel 12. Among them, the front port of the oxygen channel 13 is communicated with the airbag 2, and the rear port is located near the end of the main pipe (that is, the rear end exposed outside the patient's oral cavity). The rear port of the oxygen channel 13 is opened on the side wall of one side of the main pipe and is connected to an external oxygen interface (such as the oxygen interface on the wall) through an oxygen pipe 3. The front port of the negative pressure channel 12 is located on the back side of the front end of the main pipe, and the rear port is also located near the end of the main pipe. Similarly, the rear port of the negative pressure channel 12 is opened on the side wall of the other side of the main pipe and is connected to an external negative pressure interface through a negative pressure pipe 4. During design, the heights of the rear ports of the oxygen channel 13 and the negative pressure channel 12 can be the same, and are respectively arranged on both sides of the main pipe, but need to be located at the rear part of the main pipe that can be exposed outside the patient's oral cavity.

[0042] Accordingly, the cross section of the inner wall of the main pipeline adopts different shapes at different positions. For example, the cross section of the part between the rear port of the oxygen channel 13 and the rear port of the negative pressure channel 12 and the end of the main pipeline can be circular (e.g. Figure 2c As shown), it can also be an elliptical shape (as Figure 2a , Figure 2b As shown). The cross section of the portion between the rear port of the oxygen channel 13 and the rear port of the negative pressure channel 12 and the front portion of the main pipeline (located at the rear portion of the airbag) can be as follows: Figure 2d , Figure 2e As shown, the inner wall of the main pipeline through hole is separated from the oxygen channel 13 and the negative pressure channel 12 by partition ribs. The oxygen channel 13 and the negative pressure channel 12 are arc-shaped holes, and the through hole 11 of the main pipeline is between them. In addition, the oxygen channel 13 and the negative pressure channel 12 can also be round holes (such as Figure 2f Correspondingly, the inner wall of the main pipeline through hole can be a combination of arc and square (as shown in FIG. Figure 2d As shown), it can also be square (as Figure 2e As shown), it can also be circular (as Figure 2f The main pipeline, oxygen channel 13 and negative pressure channel 12 can be formed by an integrated molding method.

[0043] The front end opening of the main pipe is an inclined opening, so that the opening is in a duckbill shape (such as Figure 3 When manufacturing, the front opening of the negative pressure channel 12 should be located at the back of the inclined opening of the main pipeline. In this way, when the main pipeline is placed at the patient's airway 6, the back of the inclined opening can face the patient's esophagus, so that the front opening of the negative pressure channel 12 is aligned with the patient's esophagus 7 (as shown in FIG. Figures 6 - 8 As shown in the figure, the gastric contents refluxed from the patient's esophagus can be discharged through the negative pressure channel 12 and the negative pressure tube 4 by the negative pressure effect. For example, the gastric contents refluxed from the esophagus 7 due to the stimulation of the throat reflex during the patient's sputum suction process can be attracted by negative pressure, thereby preventing the patient from aspiration pneumonia caused by these gastric contents, shortening the patient's hospitalization time and improving the patient's prognosis.

[0044] In order to prevent the front end of the main pipeline from damaging the upper respiratory tract mucosa of the patient's airway during sputum suction, an airbag 2 is provided in the through hole of the main pipeline and at the inclined opening near the front end of the main pipeline. The airbag 2 is an annular airbag, and its inner surface and / or outer surface is connected to the connecting hole opened on the side wall of the oxygen channel 13. A part of the airbag 2 can be fixed on the inner wall of the through hole of the main pipeline, and the other part can be stretched freely. When not inflated, the airbag 2 is in a retracted state and is stored in the inner side wall of the front end of the through hole 11 of the main pipeline (such asFigure 4a as shown), and when oxygen is filled into the airbag 2 through the oxygen channel 13, the airbag 2 can be inflated. After the airbag 2 is inflated, a part of it can extend out of the inclined plane opening at the front end of the main pipe (such as Figure 4b as shown), so as to cover the airway opening of the patient and closely adhere to the airway mucosa of the patient, avoiding damage to the mucosa at the front end of the main pipe during the sputum suction process. In addition, by setting the retractable airbag 2 at the front end of the main pipe, it is also possible to adapt to patients of different weights by adjusting the inflation amplitude of the airbag, so that the airbag 2 can be adapted to the pressure changes generated by the patient's breathing state and fit more closely to the airway opening of the patient.

[0045] In order to adjust the internal pressure of the airbag 2 and avoid damage caused by excessive pressure of the airbag 2 compressing the airway epithelial mucosa, a plurality of ventilation holes 21 are provided on the airbag 2. And, in order to be able to input sufficient oxygen into the airway through the airbag 2, the ventilation holes 21 provided on the airbag 2 should cover the inner and outer surfaces of the annular bag, especially enough ventilation holes should be provided on the side surface facing the airway. It should be noted that the size and number of the ventilation holes 21 should be set comprehensively considering the following situations: it can make the airbag 2 inflated (during the sputum suction process, always inflate oxygen into the airbag 2 through the oxygen channel 13), and the pressure after inflation will not be too high, and more importantly, sufficient oxygen can be provided to the airway.

[0046] Among them, an oxygen switch 31 and a negative pressure switch 41 can be respectively provided on the oxygen pipe 3 and the negative pressure pipe 4. By opening the oxygen switch 31, the oxygen passage is opened, so that oxygen enters the oxygen channel 13 through the oxygen pipe 3, and then enters the airbag 2 and the airway 6 until the airbag is inflated and oxygen is provided to the airway. By opening the negative pressure switch 41, the external negative pressure enters the negative pressure channel 12 and the esophagus 7 through the negative pressure pipe 4, so as to use the negative pressure to discharge the gastric contents refluxed from the esophagus 7.

[0047] Of course, the negative pressure switch may not be provided on the above-mentioned negative pressure pipe according to the actual situation. If the negative pressure switch is provided, it can also be determined when the negative pressure switch is turned on according to the situation. For example, the negative pressure switch can be turned on according to the usage needs, or it can be turned on all the time after the negative pressure pipe is connected to the external negative pressure interface.

[0048] Among them, in order to discharge the airway secretions, the present invention adopts a sputum suction assembly 5 whose front end can pass through the through hole of the ventilation structure and the central hole of the airbag and then extend into the patient's airway. The sputum suction assembly includes: a sputum suction tube for extending into the patient's airway and sucking out the airway secretions through negative pressure; an anti-injury structure provided at the front end of the sputum suction tube for preventing damage to the patient's airway during the process of sucking out the airway secretions. Further, the sputum suction assembly further includes: a sputum hanging structure provided at the front part of the sputum suction tube for bringing out the secretions adhering between the outer wall of the sputum suction tube and the inner wall of the airway.

[0049] Specifically, the suction tube of the sputum suction assembly can adopt a tubular structure as shown in Figure 5 . Its length is much longer than that of the ventilation structure (as shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8 ). It can pass through the through hole 11 of the main pipeline and the central hole of the airbag 2 from the back to the front. Its end (exposed at the back end of the main pipeline) is connected to an external negative pressure (not shown in the figure). And, a through hole penetrating the wall thickness is opened on the side wall near the end as a negative pressure shunt hole 53. After the suction tube passes through the through hole 11 of the main pipeline and the central hole of the airbag 2 and enters the patient's airway, by manually pressing the negative pressure shunt hole of the suction tube to close the hole, the negative pressure of the external negative pressure leading to the suction tube and the airway is adjusted to achieve negative pressure suction of airway secretions. Of course, the negative pressure can also be controlled by setting a shunt valve at the negative pressure shunt hole.

[0050] To prevent damage to the patient's airway during the process of sucking out airway secretions (i.e., the above-mentioned sputum suction process), the present invention is provided with an anti-damage structure at the front end of the suction tube. The anti-damage structure can be a plurality of mucosal protection flaps 52 shaped like petals arranged at the front end of the suction tube (as shown in Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 ). The mucosal protection flap 52 is made of a soft material (such as sponge), the maximum outer contour dimension is larger than the outer diameter of the suction tube, it extends forward from the outer wall of the suction tube near the front end, and has a gradually shrinking structure from the back to the front to prevent damage to the patient's airway by the front end of the suction tube during the sputum suction process. It should be noted that after the mucosal protection flap shrinks, it can reach the outer wall of the front end of the suction tube or extend out of the front end of the suction tube by a part, but it should be noted that the central hole of the suction tube cannot be blocked so that a connected negative pressure channel can be formed between the suction tube and the patient's airway during the sputum suction operation. Or, the anti-damage structure can also be a sponge column with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the suction tube arranged at the front end of the suction tube (not shown in the figure).

[0051] Furthermore, a plurality of negative pressure suction holes 55 are provided on the anti-damage structure and opened in all directions. The negative pressure suction holes 55 are connected to the inner cavity of the suction tube, and the negative pressure suction area can be increased through the negative pressure suction holes 55 to improve the suction efficiency. For example, when the anti-damage structure adopts the structure of a plurality of mucosal protection flaps 52, the negative pressure suction holes 55 can be arranged between two adjacent mucosal protection flaps 52.

[0052] In order to fully adhere to airway secretions during the process of sucking sputum through the suction tube, and even directly adhere to the airway secretions so that they can be taken out of the patient's airway along with the suction tube being pulled out, the present invention is provided with a sputum hanging structure 51 at the front part of the suction tube for taking out the secretions adhering between the outer wall of the suction tube and the inner wall of the airway. The sputum hanging structure can adopt the structure as shown in Figure 5 , Figure 8The structure shown includes a plurality of annular protrusions spaced along the length extension direction of the sputum suction tube. The plurality of annular protrusions are arranged near the rear end of the mucosal protection flap 52. Alternatively, the sputum hanging structure 51 can also be Figure 7 The structure shown is a spiral structure provided at the front end of the sputum suction tube. Both the annular protrusion and the spiral structure can be made of a soft material, such as formed by sponge.

[0053] Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of negative pressure suction holes 54 are provided in all directions between adjacent two annular protrusions or adjacent thread protrusions of the spiral structure. The negative pressure suction holes 54 are communicated with the inner cavity of the sputum suction tube, and the negative pressure suction area can be increased through the negative pressure suction holes 54 to improve the suction efficiency.

[0054] Next, the use process of the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention will be described:

[0055] When it is necessary to perform sputum suction operation on a patient, the ventilation structure with an airbag (in a retracted state) at the front end is inserted into the airway opening of the patient through the patient's oral cavity, and the front end opening of the negative pressure pipeline is directed at the patient's esophagus.

[0056] Connect the end of the oxygen tube to the external oxygen interface, turn on the oxygen switch, and deliver oxygen to the airbag through the oxygen tube and the oxygen channel. The airbag expands and covers the airway opening of the patient. Then, continuously deliver oxygen to the oxygen channel so that oxygen can be delivered to the patient's airway through the plurality of air permeable holes on the airbag to supply oxygen to the patient. At the same time, the internal pressure of the airbag can be controlled through the air permeable holes to avoid damage to the airway epithelial mucosa caused by excessive pressure in the airbag. During the above process, connect the end of the negative pressure tube to the external negative pressure interface.

[0057] Insert the sputum suction component into the through hole of the main pipeline of the ventilation structure. When inserting, make the anti-damage structure insert into the through hole of the main pipeline first with the front facing forward, and after passing through the central hole of the airbag, send it into the patient's airway. Then connect the rear end of the sputum suction tube to the external negative pressure interface, and suck out the secretions in the airway through negative pressure. During the process of sucking airway secretions by negative pressure, the pressure of the negative pressure can also be adjusted by pressing or releasing the negative pressure shunt hole on the sputum suction tube. And the telescopic sputum suction tube can be rotated to efficiently suck out the secretions in the patient's airway in multiple directions.

[0058] Among them, when using negative pressure to suck airway secretions, if the patient vomits due to the stimulation of sputum suction, open the negative pressure switch on the negative pressure tube to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure channel, and use the negative pressure in the channel to suck out the gastric contents (also called vomitus) that reflux from the esophagus due to the stimulation of the pharyngeal reflex during sputum suction.

[0059] After completing the above operations, the sputum suction component is pulled out of the main pipeline. During the pulling process, the secretions between the airway and the sputum suction tube are brought out through the sputum hanging structure. In addition, during the process of pulling out the sputum suction component, the telescopic sputum suction tube can also be rotated to facilitate better discharge of the secretions in the patient's airway.

[0060] It should be specifically noted that in addition to providing the sputum suction function for patients, the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention can also provide an oxygen supply function for patients. That is, when the sputum suction operation is not required for the patient, only the ventilation structure can be placed in the patient's airway, so that the inflated airbag covers the opening of the patient's airway, and the front end opening of the negative pressure channel is aligned with the patient's esophagus, and the main channel connected to the outside air and / or the oxygen channel connected to the exogenous oxygen interface are used to provide oxygen for the patient. When the patient vomits, the vomitus is discharged through the negative pressure channel connected to the exogenous negative pressure interface.

[0061] In summary, the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0062] 1. The multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention has a simple structure, low difficulty in placement and operation, and multiple functions with one device. It can not only establish an artificial airway in the patient's mouth, especially for patients with self-awareness, to provide oxygen for the patient, with reliable ventilation, little damage to the airway mucosa, high success rate, but also efficiently discharge the secretions in the patient's airway, and can also reduce the risk of vomiting and aspiration under the stimulation of sputum suction for the patient.

[0063] 2. The main pipeline of the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention directly leads to the airway opening, can bypass the tongue and epiglottis, and can significantly improve the working efficiency of the sputum suction operation.

[0064] 3. The multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention can suck out the gastric contents refluxed from the esophagus due to the stimulation of the throat reflex during the sputum suction process, avoid the patient from suffering from aspiration pneumonia, shorten the patient's hospital stay, reduce the patient's economic burden, and the patient has a good prognosis.

[0065] 4. The outer surface of the airbag of the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of air permeable holes, and the internal pressure of the airbag can be controlled through the air permeable holes, avoiding damage to the patient's airway epithelial mucosa caused by excessive airbag pressure.

[0066] 5. The sputum suction tube of the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention is provided with a sputum hanging structure at the front end, which can fully adhere to the airway secretions during the sputum suction process, facilitating the use of negative pressure suction or even direct adhesion to follow the sputum suction tube out; moreover, the sputum hanging structure has multi-directional negative pressure suction holes, which can improve the suction efficiency by increasing the negative pressure suction area.

[0067] 6. The sputum suction tube of the multifunctional sputum suction device of the present invention is provided with an anti-injury structure at the front end, which can prevent the front end of the sputum suction tube from damaging the patient's airway during the sputum suction process.

[0068] Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art of this technology can make modifications based on the principles of the present invention. Therefore, all modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional sputum suction device, characterized in that, include: The ventilation structure for connecting the patient's airway with the outside world comprises: a main pipeline with a through hole running through its length in the center, the front end opening being an inclined opening, and the opening being in a duckbill shape, so as to open the mouth of a patient who cannot open his mouth, so as to perform pipeline insertion and sputum suction operations; an oxygen channel provided on one side of the main pipeline and used to be connected to an exogenous oxygen interface; a negative pressure channel provided on the other side of the main pipeline and used to be connected to an exogenous negative pressure interface, the front end opening being located on the back of the inclined opening of the main pipeline, when the main pipeline is placed at the patient's airway opening, the back of the inclined opening can face the patient's esophagus, so that the front end opening of the negative pressure channel is aligned with the patient's esophagus, and the gastric contents refluxed from the patient's esophagus can be discharged through the negative pressure channel by the negative pressure effect; The air bag is arranged in the through hole of the main pipe and near the inclined opening at the front end of the main pipe, which is connected to the oxygen channel. After being inflated, a part of it can extend out of the inclined opening at the front end of the main pipe, so as to cover the patient's airway opening and closely adhere to the patient's airway mucosa, thereby preventing the front end of the main pipe from causing damage to the upper respiratory tract mucosa of the patient's airway during sputum suction; A sputum suction component that passes through a ventilation structure and an air bag and whose front end can be extended into a patient's airway to discharge secretions in the airway comprises: a sputum suction tube whose front end can pass through a through hole of a main pipeline and a central hole of the air bag from back to front and extend into the patient's airway; and a sputum hanging structure arranged at the front of the sputum suction tube for bringing out secretions adhered between the outer wall of the sputum suction tube and the inner wall of the airway.

2. The multifunctional sputum aspirator device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air bag is arranged in the main pipeline and close to the inclined opening at the front end of the main pipeline.

3. The multifunctional sputum aspirator device according to claim 2, wherein A portion of the airbag after being inflated can extend out of the inclined opening at the front end of the main pipeline.

4. The multifunctional sputum aspirator device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The airbag is an annular airbag.

5. The multifunctional sputum aspirator device according to claim 4, wherein, The air bag is provided with a plurality of air holes for preventing damage to the airway epithelial mucosa.

6. The multifunctional sputum aspirator device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sputum suction assembly also includes: An anti-damage structure provided at the front end of the sputum suction tube for preventing damage to the patient's airway during the process of sucking out airway secretions; Wherein, the sputum suction tube sucks out airway secretions through negative pressure.

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