An adjustable osteotomy guide for total knee arthroplasty

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty, which comprises a bone-attached module, an osteotomy module, symmetric left and right brackets, symmetric left and right support shafts, two symmetric synchronous knobs and two symmetric positioning nuts. The present invention has the characteristics of ensuring that the secondary osteotomy forms a profile matching the femoral prosthesis, reducing osteotomy complications, facilitating the accurate placement of the femoral prosthesis, increasing the surgical smoothness, shortening the operation time, and ensuring the safety and efficacy of total knee arthroplasty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to an adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty. Background Art

[0002] After nearly decades of development, total knee arthroplasty has become an effective treatment for various end-stage knee diseases such as knee osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis, and knee osteonecrosis, and is hailed as one of the most successful surgeries in the last century. This surgical method can effectively relieve pain, restore joint function, and significantly improve the quality of life of patients. Currently, the number of knee arthroplasties globally is increasing rapidly year by year, and the number of primary total knee arthroplasties in the United States each year is approximately 700,000. Due to the large population base in China, with the improvement of living conditions and the acceleration of the aging process, the number of total knee arthroplasties in China will increase significantly in the future.

[0003] According to relevant reports, the 10-year survival rate of prostheses for primary total knee arthroplasty is close to 95%, but still up to 20% of patients are not satisfied with the surgical efficacy, and about 10 - 34% of patients experience pain ranging from 3 months to 5 years after surgery. Although factors such as age, comorbidities, and mental state will affect patient satisfaction, the surgery is still an important factor affecting the efficacy. Precise osteotomy and placement of joint prostheses during surgery are the basis for the success of total knee arthroplasty.

[0004] Osteotomy of the distal femur can be called the first osteotomy. After the first osteotomy, an osteotomy guide plate needs to be installed closely against the osteotomy surface of the distal femur for the second osteotomy. The osteotomy guide plate is provided with osteotomy slots in different directions. A reciprocating saw is used to perform the second osteotomy on the front, rear, and inclined surfaces of the distal femur along the osteotomy slots, forming a matching surface that contacts the femoral prosthesis. Therefore, the direction of the second osteotomy determines the placement position of the femoral prosthesis. Currently, the osteotomy guide plates used in clinical practice are all fixed modules, which have the following disadvantages: First, once the osteotomy guide plate is used for the second osteotomy closely against the osteotomy surface of the distal femur, the osteotomy directions of the front, rear, and inclined surfaces of the femur are fixed and cannot be adjusted. Due to the anatomical differences of patients, the fixed osteotomy directions are likely to cause insufficient or excessive osteotomy of the anterior femoral condyle, imbalance of the flexion and extension gaps, etc., thus affecting the efficacy of total knee arthroplasty and the service life of the prosthesis; Second, for the currently used osteotomy guide plates, if the osteotomy direction and osteotomy amount are abnormal before the second osteotomy prediction or after the second osteotomy is found, the osteotomy guide plate needs to be removed from the osteotomy surface of the distal femur, and then the position of the guide plate is adjusted and fixed, and then the second osteotomy is performed. This will affect the smoothness of the surgery and prolong the operation time.

[0005] In order to make the secondary osteotomy form a surface that better matches the femoral prosthesis and meet the needs of total knee arthroplasty for different patients, designing an adjustable osteotomy guide plate is of great practical significance for ensuring the accurate placement of the femoral prosthesis and the safety of total knee arthroplasty. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty, which has the characteristics of ensuring that the secondary osteotomy forms a surface matching the femoral prosthesis, reducing osteotomy complications, accurately placing the femoral prosthesis, increasing the surgical fluency, shortening the operation time, and improving the safety and efficacy of total knee arthroplasty.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty, including a bone-attaching module, an osteotomy module, symmetric left and right brackets, symmetric left and right support shafts, two symmetric synchronous knobs, and two symmetric positioning nuts; the back of the bone-attaching module is provided with positioning pins inserted into the osteotomy surface of the distal femur, the osteotomy module is provided with a plurality of osteotomy grooves for guiding the oscillating saw to cut the bone, and the back of the osteotomy module is attached to the front of the bone-attaching module; the right end of the left bracket is movably docked with the left end of the bone-attaching module, the left end of the left bracket is a right-angled bent vertical plate, a chute for moving the left support shaft back and forth is provided on the right-angled bent vertical plate, the synchronous knob is fixedly connected to the left end of the left support shaft, the right end of the left support shaft passes through the chute and is fixedly connected to the middle of the left end face of the osteotomy module, and the positioning nut is threadedly connected to the left support shaft inside the left bracket.

[0008] The above-mentioned adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty further includes a slot and a positioning screw for controlling the lifting of the osteotomy module. The left and right brackets are both provided with slots for docking with the bone-attaching module, and positioning screws are provided on the slots of the left and right brackets.

[0009] The above-mentioned adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty further includes two pairs of set screws for positioning the deflection angle of the osteotomy module. Each pair of set screws is symmetrically threadedly connected to the left and right end faces of the osteotomy module.

[0010] The above-mentioned adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty further includes an annular scale. There are two annular scales, which are respectively located outside the left and right brackets, and the two annular scales are fixedly connected to the two synchronous knobs respectively.

[0011] The above-mentioned adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty is provided with a cross-shaped screwdriver opening for adjusting the angle of the osteotomy module at the center of the outer side of each of the two synchronous knobs.

[0012] For the above adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty, pin holes for driving the positioning nuts to rotate by inserting a pin shaft are provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of the two positioning nuts.

[0013] The above adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty further includes preset nail holes and fixing nails. The preset nail holes are located in the middle of the bone-attaching module and the osteotomy module, and the fixing nails pass through the preset nail holes to fix the angle of the osteotomy module.

[0014] The adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty provided by the present invention is provided with a bone-attaching module, an osteotomy module, symmetric left and right brackets, symmetric left and right support shafts, two symmetric synchronous knobs, and two symmetric positioning nuts. A positioning nail for inserting into the osteotomy surface of the distal femur is provided on the back surface of the bone-attaching module. A plurality of osteotomy grooves for guiding a saw to cut bone are provided on the osteotomy module, and the back surface of the osteotomy module is attached to the front surface of the bone-attaching module. The right end of the left bracket is movably docked with the left end of the bone-attaching module. The left end of the left bracket is a right-angle bent vertical plate. A sliding groove for moving the left support shaft back and forth is provided on the right-angle bent vertical plate. The synchronous knob is fixedly connected to the left end of the left support shaft. The right end of the left support shaft passes through the sliding groove and is fixedly connected to the middle of the left end face of the osteotomy module. The positioning nut is threadedly connected to the left support shaft inside the left bracket.

[0015] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: First, the number of osteotomy grooves on the osteotomy guide plate can be four, but is not limited to four, more or less. Secondary osteotomy can be performed according to the conditions of various patients. The osteotomy module is fixed to the osteotomy surface of the distal femur through the bone-attaching module. The support shaft on the osteotomy module is located in the sliding groove and can be positioned after angular rotation through the synchronous knob, so as to guide the saw to adjust the secondary osteotomy direction. Second, the osteotomy guide plate adjusts the secondary osteotomy direction, which can effectively avoid osteotomy complications such as insufficient or excessive osteotomy of the femoral condyle, and ensure the efficacy and safety of the operation. Third, the positioning nut, set screw, and fixing nail in the present invention implement triple positioning protection for the rotated osteotomy module to ensure that the angle of the osteotomy module remains unchanged and the secondary osteotomy operation proceeds smoothly. Fourth, initial marks can be set on the left and right brackets, and the precise value of the angular change of the osteotomy module can be observed through the annular scale. The height of the osteotomy module can also be changed by adjusting the lifting of the slot through the positioning screw. Fifth, the cross-shaped screwdriver opening on the synchronous knob facilitates the doctor to adjust the synchronous knob with a screwdriver during the operation, and the pin hole on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning nut also facilitates the doctor to rotate and fix the positioning nut with a pin rod tool during the operation. The present invention has the characteristics of ensuring that the secondary osteotomy forms a profile matching the femoral prosthesis, reducing osteotomy complications, promoting the accurate placement of the femoral prosthesis, increasing the smoothness of the operation, shortening the operation time, and ensuring the safety and efficacy of total knee arthroplasty. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the usage structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the usage principle of the osteotomy module in the prior art;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of adding the bone-attaching module and changing the angle of the osteotomy module in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle that after adding the bone-attaching module and changing the angle of the osteotomy module, the direction of the osteotomy line changes accordingly in the present invention.

[0020] The reference numerals of each component in the figure are: synchronous knob 1, cross-shaped screwdriver slot 2, chute 3, annular scale 4, initial mark 5, left bracket 6, slot 7, positioning screw 8, positioning pin 9, front surface of the bone-attaching module 10, set screw 11, left support shaft 12, front surface of the osteotomy module 13, anterior condyle osteotomy groove 14, anterior condyle osteotomy line 14-1, anterior oblique osteotomy groove 15, anterior oblique osteotomy groove line 15-1, right bracket 16, right support shaft 17, positioning nut 18, pin dialing hole 19, posterior oblique osteotomy groove 20, posterior oblique osteotomy line 20-1, posterior condyle osteotomy groove 21, posterior condyle osteotomy line 21-1, back surface of the osteotomy module 22, oscillating saw 23, distal femoral osteotomy surface 24, preset nail hole 25, back surface of the bone-attaching module 26, fixing nail 27. Specific embodiments

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, an adjustable osteotomy guide plate for total knee arthroplasty provided by the present invention has the following usage method: First, two positioning pins 9 are provided on the bone-attaching module before total knee arthroplasty. When performing the first osteotomy, that is, femoral distal osteotomy, after measuring the femoral prosthesis model, two nail holes matching the positioning pins 9 are set on the femoral distal osteotomy surface 24. Second, strike the surface of the bone-attaching module with a hammer until the bone-attaching module is completely attached to the femoral distal osteotomy surface 24. Third, connect the left bracket 6 and the right bracket 16 to both ends of the bone-attaching module through the slots 7, and mount the osteotomy module on the left bracket 6 and the right bracket 16 through the left support shaft 12 and the right support shaft 17. The support shafts on the osteotomy module are located in the sliding grooves 3. Fourth, the positioning screw 8 can be loosened, the height of the osteotomy module can be adjusted according to the osteotomy requirement, and then the positioning screw 8 can be tightened. Fifth, place the osteotomy scale on the anterior condyle osteotomy groove 14 to clarify the osteotomy amount of the femoral anterior condyle. If it is judged that the osteotomy amount of the femoral anterior condyle is excessive and a femoral anterior cortex indentation is expected after osteotomy, then rotate the two synchronous knobs 1 to make the osteotomy module at a suitable angle, immediately tighten the positioning nut 18, adjust the set screw 11 to make it abut against the bone-attaching module, and then drive the fixing nail 27 into the preset nail holes 25 on the bone-attaching module and the osteotomy module. Taking these three measures can keep the angle of the osteotomy module unchanged and ensure the smooth progress of the secondary osteotomy.

[0023] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above specification, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can also make appropriate changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable osteotomy guide for total knee arthroplasty, characterized in that: It includes a bone-attaching module, an osteotomy module, symmetric left and right brackets (6 and 16), symmetric left and right support shafts (12 and 17), two symmetric synchronization knobs (1), and two symmetric positioning nuts (18); on the back surface (26) of the bone-attaching module, there is a positioning pin (9) inserted into the osteotomy surface (24) of the distal femur. On the osteotomy module, there are multiple osteotomy grooves for guiding a swing saw (23) to saw the bone. The back surface (22) of the osteotomy module is attached to the front surface (10) of the bone-attaching module; the right end of the left bracket (6) is movably docked with the left end of the bone-attaching module. The left end of the left bracket (6) is a right-angled bent vertical plate. On the right-angled bent vertical plate, there is a chute (3) for moving the left support shaft (12) back and forth. The left synchronization knob (1) on the left side is fixedly connected to the left end of the left support shaft (12). The right end of the left support shaft (12) passes through the chute (3) and is fixedly connected to the middle of the left end face of the osteotomy module. The left positioning nut (18) on the left side is threadedly connected to the left support shaft (12) inside the left bracket (6). It further includes a slot (7) and a positioning screw (8) for controlling the lifting of the osteotomy module. Both the left bracket (6) and the right bracket (16) are provided with slots (7) for docking with the bone-attaching module, and positioning screws (8) are provided on the slots (7) of the left bracket (6) and the right bracket (16).

2. The adjustable osteotomy guide for total knee arthroplasty according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes two pairs of set screws (11) for positioning the deflection angle of the osteotomy module. Each pair of the set screws (11) is symmetrically threadedly connected to the left and right end faces of the osteotomy module.

3. The adjustable osteotomy guide for total knee arthroplasty according to claim 2, wherein: It further includes an annular scale (4). There are two annular scales (4) which are respectively located outside the left bracket (6) and the right bracket (16), and the two annular scales (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the two synchronization knobs (1).

4. An adjustable osteotomy guide for total knee arthroplasty according to claim 3, characterized in that: On the centers of the outer side surfaces of the two synchronization knobs (1), there are cross-shaped screwdriver openings (2) for adjusting the angle of the osteotomy module.

5. An adjustable osteotomy guide for total knee arthroplasty according to claim 4, characterized in that: On the outer circumferential surfaces of the two positioning nuts (18), there are pin dial holes (19) for inserting a pin to drive the positioning nut (18) to rotate.

6. An adjustable osteotomy guide for total knee arthroplasty according to claim 5, characterized in that: It further includes a preset nail hole (25) and a fixing nail (27). The preset nail hole (25) is located in the middle of the bone-attaching module and the osteotomy module, and the fixing nail (27) passes through the preset nail hole (25) to fix the angle of the osteotomy module.

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