Transmitting and receiving nested low-cost phased array antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of transceiving nested low-cost phased array antennas, including antenna module, radio frequency module;The antenna module includes n receiving unit groups, and each receiving unit group includes multiple receiving units;The antenna module further includes n transmitting unit groups, and each transmitting unit group includes multiple transmitting units;The receiving unit and transmitting unit are nested distribution;Wherein, n is the integer greater than or equal to 1;The radio frequency module includes power division network and radio frequency chip;The power division network includes n receiving multi-in-one power division network and n transmitting one-to-multiple power division network;The radio frequency chip includes radio frequency transmitting chip and radio frequency receiving chip.The application adopts transceiving unit nesting scheme, and in rotating feed utilizes circular power division network to reduce the number of chips, effectively reduces cost, reduces the whole machine power consumption.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of millimeter wave frequency band antenna, and particularly relates to a transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] The millimeter wave frequency band phased array antenna is large in scale, and thousands of channel numbers bring about cost increase and power consumption increase; the receiving array and the transmitting array are separately arranged, which further increases the size of the whole machine, and results in increased difficulty in installing the whole machine. Especially, the phased array antenna cannot be too large in size when used on a ship or an airplane, so that the miniaturization of the millimeter wave phased array is the focus of the current industry research under the condition that the indicators do not change much. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of millimeter wave frequency band antenna, and particularly relates to a transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna.

[0004] The present application relates to the technical field of millimeter wave frequency band antenna, and particularly relates to a transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna.

[0005] A transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna, comprising an antenna module and a radio frequency module.

[0006] The antenna module comprises n receiving unit groups, each receiving unit group comprising a plurality of receiving units; the antenna module further comprises n transmitting unit groups, each transmitting unit group comprising a plurality of transmitting units; the receiving units and the transmitting units are distributed in a nested manner; wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0007] The radio frequency module comprises a power division network and a radio frequency chip; the power division network comprises n receiving multi-in-one power division networks and n transmitting one-to-multiple power division networks; the radio frequency chip comprises a radio frequency transmitting chip and a radio frequency receiving chip.

[0008] The n receiving unit groups are connected to the radio frequency receiving chip through the n receiving multi-in-one power division networks respectively; the n transmitting unit groups are connected to the radio frequency transmitting chip through the n transmitting one-to-multiple power division networks respectively.

[0009] Further, each receiving unit group comprises four receiving units; the receiving multi-in-one power division network is a receiving four-in-one power division network; the receiving four-in-one power division network is located between the four receiving units, and the four receiving units are arranged in rotation and connected to the receiving four-in-one power division network respectively.

[0010] Each of the transmission unit groups comprises a plurality of transmission units, specifically four transmission units.

[0011] Each of the four receiving units in each receiving unit group is left-handed circularly polarized, and each of the four transmission units in each transmission unit group is right-handed circularly polarized. The receiving unit groups and the transmission unit groups are distributed in a nested manner, and the spacing between the receiving unit groups and the transmission unit groups is less than or equal to 0.8 times the wavelength of the center frequency of transmission.

[0012] Further, the receiving unit comprises a receiving antenna main radiation patch and a receiving antenna auxiliary radiation patch, and the receiving antenna main radiation patch and the receiving antenna auxiliary radiation patch are filled with a dielectric. The transmission unit comprises a transmission antenna main radiation patch and a transmission antenna auxiliary radiation patch, and the transmission antenna main radiation patch and the transmission antenna auxiliary radiation patch are filled with a dielectric. The receiving antenna main radiation patch and the transmission antenna main radiation patch are distributed on the same layer, and the receiving antenna auxiliary radiation patch and the transmission antenna auxiliary radiation patch are distributed on different layers.

[0013] The four receiving units are arranged in a rotating manner and are connected to a receiving four-in-one power divider, specifically, the four receiving units are arranged in a rotating manner, the four receiving antenna main radiation patches of the four receiving units are connected to four receiving antenna probes, and the other ends of the four receiving antenna probes are connected to the receiving four-in-one power divider.

[0014] The four transmission units are arranged in a rotating manner and are connected to a transmission one-in-four power divider, specifically, the four transmission units are arranged in a rotating manner, the four transmission antenna main radiation patches of the four transmission units are connected to four transmission antenna probes, and the other ends of the four transmission antenna probes are connected to the transmission one-in-four power divider.

[0015] Further, the radio frequency module further comprises a radio frequency feeder and a radio frequency connector, and the radio frequency feeder is a one-to-two power divider in a strip line or microstrip line structure.

[0016] Further, in the signal transmission mode, the radio frequency signal enters the radio frequency transmission chip through the one-to-two power divider via the radio frequency connector, the radio frequency transmission chip then performs amplitude modulation and phase modulation on the radio frequency signal to obtain an amplitude-modulated and phase-modulated radio frequency signal; the amplitude-modulated and phase-modulated radio frequency signal then enters the input port of the transmission one-in-four power divider, the one-in-four power divider outputs four ports with a phase difference of 90° to complete the rotating arrangement function; the one-in-four power divider feeds the transmission antenna main radiation patch through the transmission antenna probe, so that the upper-layer transmission antenna auxiliary radiation patch increases the bandwidth and the gain, and finally completes the signal transmission to the space.

[0017] Further, in the signal receiving mode, the receiving units in the receiving unit group receive wireless signals transmitted by a communication object, the wireless signals enter the radio frequency transmitting chip through the four-in-one power division network, and are transmitted to the signal receiving circuit through the corresponding duplexers.

[0018] Further, the radio frequency chip is a TR multifunctional chip, and the feeding network is a TR feeding network.

[0019] Further, the transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna further comprises a control module; the control module realizes the functions of phase shift, attenuation and amplification of the transceiving channel by signal distribution of each channel; and the radio frequency module further comprises a feeding network for feeding the receiving units.

[0020] The working principle of the present application is as follows:

[0021] The receiving and transmitting are coplanar designs, the receiving works in the KU frequency band, and the transmitting works in the KA frequency band;

[0022] The radio frequency signal enters the radio frequency transmitting chip through the one-to-two power divider, the radio frequency transmitting chip further performs amplitude modulation and phase modulation on the radio frequency signal to obtain the amplitude modulated and phase modulated radio frequency signal; the amplitude modulated and phase modulated radio frequency signal enters the one-to-four power divider network input port, the one-to-four power divider network outputs four ports with a phase difference of 90°, and the rotating array function is completed; the one-to-four power divider network is connected to the transmitting antenna main radiation patch through the transmitting antenna probe to feed the transmitting antenna main radiation patch, so that the upper layer transmitting antenna increases the bandwidth and the gain from the radiation patch, and finally completes the signal transmission to the space. The control module inputs the parameter information of each angle, quickly calculates the amplitude and phase values of each channel, and sends them to the register of the beam forming to form the beam scanning.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna provided by the present application adopts a transceiving unit nesting scheme, and the number of chips is reduced by using a circular power division network in the rotating feeding, thereby effectively reducing the cost and the power consumption of the whole machine.

[0025] 2. The transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna provided by the present application adopts a one-to-four circular power division network, maintains the symmetry of the array structure, makes the phase difference of the four units 90°, forms a rotating array, and reduces the array axial ratio.

[0026] 3. The transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna provided by the present application adopts the microwave multilayer board technology to highly integrate the phased array antenna and the radio frequency part, has a low profile, is flat, and has a low cost.

[0027] 4. The present invention provides a low-cost nested phased array antenna for transmitting and receiving. The polarization of the transmitting and receiving antenna can be single circular polarization or dual circular polarization. The polarization is switchable when the dual circular polarization is working. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the examples. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. A person of ordinary skill in the art can also derive other relevant drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the active sub-array of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 The present invention receives a four-unit rotating array;

[0031] Figure 3 Launching a four-unit rotating array for the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 For the present invention, the nested array diagram is sent and received;

[0033] Figure 5 The invention discloses a laminated structure of a low-cost phased array antenna for transmitting and receiving.

[0034] Markings and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings:

[0035] 1-receiving antenna main radiation patch, 2-receiving antenna slave radiation patch, 3-receiving antenna probe, 4-receiving four-in-one power splitter network, 5-antenna ground, 6-transmitting antenna main radiation patch, 7-transmitting antenna slave radiation patch, 8-transmitting antenna probe, 9-transmitting one-to-four power splitter network, 10-antenna ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the transceiver nested low-cost phased array antenna includes sixty-four receiving units and sixty-four transmitting units; wherein, every four receiving units form a receiving unit group, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, thereby forming sixteen receiving unit groups; each four transmitting unit forms a transmitting unit group, as shown in the figure Figure 3 As shown in the figure, thereby forming sixteen transmitting unit groups. The antenna subarray of the embodiment is sixty-four units, which can be expanded to a large array of any size according to requirements.

[0039] The transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna of the embodiment includes an antenna module, a radio frequency module, a control module, and a power supply module; the antenna module includes sixteen receiving unit groups, each receiving unit group including four receiving units; the antenna module also includes sixteen transmitting unit groups, each transmitting unit group including four transmitting units; the receiving units and the transmitting units are nested and distributed; the control module realizes functions such as phase shift, attenuation amplification, and the like of the transceiving channel by signal distribution of each channel; realizes functions such as beam synthesis and scanning of the phased array antenna; and can also realize the beam width or sidelobe we want by weighting the phase and amplitude through an algorithm. The radio frequency module also includes a feeding network, which is used to feed the receiving units; the power supply module is used for system power supply, power conversion and power management, and is responsible for power supply of the wave control module and the radio frequency module.

[0040] The radio frequency module includes a power division network and a radio frequency chip; the power division network includes sixteen receiving four-in-one power division networks 4 and sixteen transmitting one-in-four power division networks 9; the radio frequency chip is a TR multifunctional chip; the radio frequency chip includes radio frequency transmitting chips and radio frequency receiving chips;

[0041] Each radio frequency transmitting chip has eight channels, so the number of radio frequency transmitting chips used in the embodiment is two, and the sixteen channels of the two radio frequency transmitting chips are connected with the sixteen transmitting one-in-four power division networks 9 respectively; each radio frequency receiving chip also has eight channels, so the number of radio frequency receiving chips used in the embodiment is also two, and the sixteen channels of the two radio frequency receiving chips are connected with the sixteen receiving four-in-one power division networks 4 respectively;

[0042] The existing phased array antenna does not have a circular power division network, and 64 receiving units and 64 transmitting units need a total of 16 chips (each chip has 8 channels); while the embodiment adopts a circular power division network, i.e., a four-in-one power division network 4 and a one-in-four power division network 9, and 64 receiving units and 64 transmitting units need only 4 chips in total, which is 12 fewer than the case without the circular power division network, greatly reducing the cost of the chips.

[0043] As shown in the figure Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure Figure 2 is a receiving four-unit rotating array, Figure 3For transmitting four-unit rotating array, the structure of transmitting and receiving four-unit rotating array is the same, only the rotating direction is different, which is determined by the respective polarization. The antenna unit includes main radiation patch 1 and slave radiation patch 2, probe 3, antenna ground 5. The main radiation patch 1 is slightly smaller than the slave radiation patch 2, and the two patches are filled with dielectric, and the dielectric is bonded with PP between the dielectric. The position of the probe 3 should satisfy the best axial ratio and matching, and the receiving and transmitting helicity is different, which causes the phase difference of 90° of the probe incident wave. One end of the probe is connected with the main radiation patch 1, and the other end is connected with the circular power division network 4.

[0044] The circular power division network 4 is located in the middle of the four antenna units, and the length of the microstrip line between the ports thereof is equal to one quarter of the wavelength of the working center frequency corresponding to the dielectric, so as to ensure that the phase difference between the output ports is 90°; the width of the microstrip line between the output ports is reduced once from one output port to four output ports, so as to ensure that the amplitude output difference of each port is not large. Each output port is connected with a pad having a radius greater than that of the probe, so as to ensure the matching between the circular power division network and the probe; the pad also needs to meet the process processing requirements, and generally requires that the minimum distance between the edge of the pad and the edge of the probe is 0.1 more.

[0045] Figure 4 For receiving and transmitting nested array surface, the receiving and transmitting main radiation patches are in the same layer, and the receiving and transmitting slave radiation patches are in different layers. The receiving and transmitting frequencies correspond to different wavelengths, which causes the beneficial distance of the slave radiation patch from the main radiation patch to be different, and the distance between the receiving two patches is greater than the distance between the transmitting two patches, and the distance difference needs to meet the thickness required by the dielectric processing.

[0046] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 the receiving four-in-one power division network 4 is located between the four receiving units, the four receiving units are arranged in a rotating manner, and the four receiving antenna main radiation patches 1 of the four receiving units are respectively connected with the four receiving antenna probes 3, and the other end of the four receiving antenna probes 3 is connected with the receiving four-in-one power division network 4;

[0047] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 the transmitting one-to-four power division network 9 is located between the four transmitting units, the four transmitting units are arranged in a rotating manner, and the four transmitting antenna main radiation patches 6 of the four transmitting units are respectively connected with the four transmitting antenna probes 8, and the other end of the four transmitting antenna probes 8 is connected with the transmitting one-to-four power division network 9;

[0048] Among them, the four receiving units in each receiving unit group are left-handed circularly polarized, and the four transmitting units in each transmitting unit group are right-handed circularly polarized; as shown in Figure 4 the receiving unit group and the transmitting unit group are distributed in a nested manner, and the spacing between the receiving unit group and the transmitting unit group is less than or equal to 0.8 times the wavelength of the transmitting center frequency.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the receiving unit includes a receiving antenna main radiation patch 1 and a receiving antenna auxiliary radiation patch 2, and the receiving antenna main radiation patch 1 and the receiving antenna auxiliary radiation patch 2 are filled with a medium; as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the transmitting unit includes a transmitting antenna main radiation patch 6 and a transmitting antenna auxiliary radiation patch 7; the transmitting antenna main radiation patch 6 and the transmitting antenna auxiliary radiation patch 7 are filled with a medium; the receiving antenna main radiation patch 1 and the transmitting antenna main radiation patch 6 are distributed on the same layer, and the receiving antenna auxiliary radiation patch 2 and the transmitting antenna auxiliary radiation patch 7 are distributed on different layers;

[0050] The radio frequency module further includes a radio frequency feeder and a radio frequency connector, and the radio frequency feeder is a one-to-two power divider in a strip line or a microstrip line structure.

[0051] In the signal transmitting mode, the radio frequency signal enters the radio frequency transmitting chip through the one-to-two power divider via the radio frequency connector, and the radio frequency transmitting chip further performs amplitude modulation and phase modulation on the radio frequency signal to obtain an amplitude-modulated and phase-modulated radio frequency signal; the amplitude-modulated and phase-modulated radio frequency signal enters the transmitting one-to-four power division network 9 input port, the one-to-four power division network outputs four ports with a phase difference of 90°, and the rotating array function is completed; the one-to-four power division network is connected to the transmitting antenna main radiation patch 6 through the transmitting antenna probe 8 for feeding, so that the upper layer transmitting antenna auxiliary radiation patch 7 increases the bandwidth and the gain, and finally completes the signal transmission to the space.

[0052] In the signal receiving mode, the receiving unit in the receiving unit group receives the wireless signal transmitted by the communication object, and the wireless signal enters the radio frequency transmitting chip through the four-in-one power division network, and is then transmitted to the signal receiving circuit through the corresponding duplexer.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] In this embodiment, the transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna includes one hundred and twenty-eight receiving units and one hundred and twenty-eight transmitting units; wherein, every four receiving units form a receiving unit group, as shown in Figure 2 , so as to form thirty-two receiving unit groups; every four transmitting units form a transmitting unit group, as shown in Figure 3 , so as to form thirty-two transmitting unit groups; the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the number of receiving units and transmitting units in this embodiment is doubled compared with the number of receiving units and transmitting units in embodiment 1;

[0055] The transceiving nested low-cost phased array antenna comprises an antenna module, a radio frequency module, a control module and a power module; the antenna module comprises thirty-two receiving unit groups, each receiving unit group comprising four receiving units; the antenna module further comprises thirty-two transmitting unit groups, each transmitting unit group comprising four transmitting units; the receiving units and the transmitting units are distributed in a nested manner; the control module realizes functions such as phase shift, attenuation amplification and the like of a transceiving channel through signal distribution of each channel; functions such as beam synthesis and scanning of the phased array antenna are realized; the phase and amplitude can also be weighted through an algorithm to realize a desired beam width or sidelobe. The radio frequency module further comprises a feeding network, the feeding network being used for feeding the receiving units; the power module is used for system power supply, power conversion and power management, and is responsible for power supply of the wave control module and the radio frequency module.

[0056] The radio frequency module comprises a power division network and a radio frequency chip; the power division network comprises thirty-two receiving four-to-one power division networks 4 and thirty-two transmitting one-to-four power division networks 9; the radio frequency chip is a TR multifunctional chip; the radio frequency chip comprises radio frequency transmitting chips and radio frequency receiving chips;

[0057] Each radio frequency transmitting chip has eight channels, therefore, the number of the radio frequency transmitting chips used in the embodiment is four, the thirty-two channels of the four radio frequency transmitting chips are connected with the thirty-two transmitting one-to-four power division networks 9 respectively; each radio frequency receiving chip also has eight channels, therefore, the number of the radio frequency receiving chips used in the embodiment is also four, the thirty-two channels of the four radio frequency receiving chips are connected with the thirty-two receiving four-to-one power division networks 4 respectively;

[0058] The existing phased array antenna does not have a circular power division network, and 128 receiving units and 128 transmitting units totally need 32 chips (each chip has eight channels); the embodiment adopts a circular power division network, i.e. the four-to-one power division network 4 and the one-to-four power division network 9, and 128 receiving units and 128 transmitting units totally need only eight chips, the embodiment is 24 chips less than the case without the circular power division network, greatly reducing the cost of the chips.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 2 The receiving four-to-one power division network 4 is located between the four receiving units, the four receiving units are arranged in a rotating manner, four receiving antenna main radiation patches 1 of the four receiving units are connected with four receiving antenna probes 3 respectively, and the other ends of the four receiving antenna probes 3 are connected with the receiving four-to-one power division network 4;

[0060] As shown in FIG. 2, Figure 3As shown, the transmitting one-to-four power division network 9 is located between the four transmitting units, and the four transmitting units are arranged in a rotational array. The four transmitting antenna main radiation patches 6 of the four transmitting units are respectively connected to the four transmitting antenna probes 8, and the other ends of the four transmitting antenna probes 8 are connected to the transmitting one-to-four power division network 9;

[0061] Among them, the four receiving units in each receiving unit group are left-hand circular polarization, and the four transmitting units in each transmitting unit group are right-hand circular polarization; Figure 4 As shown, the receiving unit group and the transmitting unit group are nested and the spacing between the receiving unit group and the transmitting unit group is less than or equal to 0.8 times the wavelength of the transmission center frequency.

[0062] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the receiving unit includes a receiving antenna main radiation patch 1 and a receiving antenna secondary radiation patch 2, and the space between the receiving antenna main radiation patch 1 and the receiving antenna secondary radiation patch 2 is filled with a medium; Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the transmitting unit includes a transmitting antenna main radiation patch 6 and a transmitting antenna secondary radiation patch 7; the transmitting antenna main radiation patch 6 and the transmitting antenna secondary radiation patch 7 are filled with a medium; the receiving antenna main radiation patch 1 and the transmitting antenna main radiation patch 6 are distributed on the same layer, and the receiving antenna secondary radiation patch 2 and the transmitting antenna secondary radiation patch 7 are distributed on different layers;

[0063] The radio frequency module further includes a radio frequency feeder and a radio frequency connector. The radio frequency feeder is a one-to-two power splitter with a stripline or microstrip line structure.

[0064] In the signal transmission mode, the RF signal enters the RF transmitting chip through the RF connector and the one-to-two power splitter, and the RF transmitting chip then performs amplitude and phase modulation on the RF signal to obtain an amplitude and phase modulated RF signal; the amplitude and phase modulated RF signal then enters the input port of the transmitting one-to-four power splitter network 9, and the one-to-four power splitter network outputs four ports with a phase difference of 90°, completing the rotation array function; the one-to-four power splitter network is connected to the transmitting antenna main radiation patch 6 through the transmitting antenna probe 8 for feeding, so that the upper transmitting antenna increases the bandwidth and gain from the radiation patch 7, and finally completes the signal transmission to space.

[0065] In the signal receiving mode, the receiving units in the receiving unit group receive wireless signals transmitted by the communication partner. The wireless signals enter the RF transmitting chip through the four-in-one power splitter network and are then transmitted to the signal receiving circuit through the corresponding duplexer.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, looking from the chip layer to the antenna array:

[0067] Layer 1: Used for welding various components, such as multifunctional chips for transmitting and receiving, control connectors, RF connectors, and resistors and capacitors.

[0068] Layer 2: The second layer of the active transceiver subarray is mainly used as the ground for the RF line of the first layer. It can also isolate the RF signal of the first layer from the control signal of the third layer to prevent interference. The second layer also includes the EN signal line.

[0069] Layer 3: The third layer of the active transceiver sub-array is mainly used for control signal lines, including CLK, LDB, CSB and PDI. The main control signals are placed on the second layer, and the control signals on the second layer (ground) and the fourth layer (power and ground) can be used for shielding to prevent interference.

[0070] Layer 4: The fourth layer of the active transceiver sub-array is mainly used to route VDD (analog power), Vdig (digital power) and chip serial input and output data lines, and ground is laid in the remaining space.

[0071] Layer 5: The fifth layer of the active transceiver sub-array is the entire board ground, which provides the upper ground for the stripline transmitting circular power division network.

[0072] Layer 6: Transmitting antenna circular power division network.

[0073] Layer 7: The lower layer of the transmitting circular power division network and the upper layer of the receiving circular power division network.

[0074] Layer 8: Circular power splitter network for receiving antennas.

[0075] Layer 9: Stripline receiving circular power splitter network lower layer ground and antenna ground.

[0076] Layer 10: Main radiation patch of the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0077] Layer 11: Transmitting antenna from the radiating patch.

[0078] Layer 12: Receive antenna from radiating patch.

[0079] The active sub-array of the present invention integrates transceiver and receiver, with the receiving radiation patch and the transmitting radiation patch nested, and the receiving main radiation patch and the transmitting main radiation patch on the same layer, which is easy to implement in terms of technology; the receiving slave radiation patch and the transmitting slave radiation patch are on different layers, depending on the wavelength corresponding to the receiving and transmitting frequency. The circular power splitter network can form a -90° phase difference or a 90° phase difference depending on the rotation direction of the radiation patch; when viewed from the counterclockwise direction, a phase difference of 90° forms left-hand circular polarization; a phase difference of -90° forms right-hand circular polarization. In terms of array layout, the array spacing cannot be greater than 0.8 times the wavelength corresponding to the highest transmission frequency, otherwise it is easy to cause grating lobes during scanning.

[0080] The above detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application has been given to understand the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application, it should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-cost, nested, transceiver phased array antenna, comprising an antenna module and a radio frequency module; the antenna module comprising n receiving unit groups, each receiving unit group comprising a plurality of receiving units; the antenna module further comprising n transmitting unit groups, each transmitting unit group comprising a plurality of transmitting units; the receiving units and transmitting units being nested and arranged; wherein: n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The radio frequency module includes a power division network and a radio frequency chip; the power division network includes n receiving all-in-one power division networks and n transmitting one-to-many power division networks; the radio frequency chip includes a radio frequency transmitting chip and a radio frequency receiving chip; Among them, n receiving unit groups are connected to the RF receiving chip through n receiving all-in-one power division networks; n transmitting unit groups are connected to the RF transmitting chip through n transmitting one-to-many power division networks; Each receiving unit group includes a plurality of receiving units, specifically each receiving unit group includes four receiving units; the receiving multi-in-one power splitting network is specifically a receiving four-in-one power splitting network (4); the receiving four-in-one power splitting network (4) is located between the four receiving units, and the four receiving units are arranged in a rotation array and are respectively connected to the receiving four-in-one power splitting network (4); Each transmitting unit group includes a plurality of transmitting units, specifically each transmitting unit group includes four transmitting units; the transmitting one-to-many power division network is specifically a transmitting one-to-four power division network (9); the transmitting one-to-four power division network (9) is located between the four transmitting units, and the four transmitting units are arranged in a rotation array and are respectively connected to the transmitting one-to-four power division network (9); The four receiving units in each receiving unit group are left-hand circularly polarized, and the four transmitting units in each transmitting unit group are right-hand circularly polarized; the receiving unit group and the transmitting unit group are nested, and the spacing between the receiving unit group and the transmitting unit group is less than or equal to 0.8 times the wavelength of the transmission center frequency; The receiving unit comprises a receiving antenna main radiation patch (1) and a receiving antenna secondary radiation patch (2), and a medium is filled between the receiving antenna main radiation patch (1) and the receiving antenna secondary radiation patch (2); the transmitting unit comprises a transmitting antenna main radiation patch (6) and a transmitting antenna secondary radiation patch (7); a medium is filled between the transmitting antenna main radiation patch (6) and the transmitting antenna secondary radiation patch (7); the receiving antenna main radiation patch (1) and the transmitting antenna main radiation patch (6) are distributed in the same layer, and the receiving antenna secondary radiation patch (2) and the transmitting antenna secondary radiation patch (7) are distributed in different layers; The four receiving units are arranged in a rotational array and are respectively connected to the receiving four-in-one power division network (4), specifically: the four receiving units are arranged in a rotational array, the four receiving antenna main radiation patches (1) of the four receiving units are respectively connected to the four receiving antenna probes (3), and the other ends of the four receiving antenna probes (3) are connected to the receiving four-in-one power division network (4); the four transmitting units are arranged in a rotational array and are respectively connected to the transmitting one-to-four power division network (9), specifically: the four transmitting units are arranged in a rotational array, the four transmitting antenna main radiation patches (6) of the four transmitting units are respectively connected to the four transmitting antenna probes (8), and the other ends of the four transmitting antenna probes 8 are connected to the transmitting one-to-four power division network (9); One end of the probe is connected to the main radiation patch, and the other end is connected to the circular power dividing network; the circular power dividing network is located between the four antenna units, and the length of the microstrip line between its ports is equal to one-quarter of the wavelength of the medium corresponding to the working center frequency, ensuring a 90° phase difference between the output ports; the width of the microstrip line between the output ports decreases from the first output port to the fourth output port, ensuring that the amplitude output difference of each port is not large; Each output port is connected to the probe with a pad having a radius larger than the probe, ensuring the matching between the circular power division network and the probe.

2. The low-cost nested transceiver phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency module further includes a radio frequency feeder and a radio frequency connector. The radio frequency feeder is a one-to-two power splitter with a stripline or microstrip line structure.

3. The low-cost nested transceiver phased array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the signal transmission mode, the radio frequency signal enters the radio frequency transmission chip through the radio frequency connector and the one-to-two power splitter, and the radio frequency transmission chip then performs amplitude modulation and phase modulation on the radio frequency signal to obtain an amplitude-modulated and phase-modulated radio frequency signal; the amplitude-modulated and phase-modulated radio frequency signal then enters the input port of the transmitting one-to-four power splitter network (9), and the one-to-four power splitter network outputs four ports with a phase difference of 90°, completing the rotation array function; the one-to-four power splitter network is connected to the transmitting antenna main radiation patch (6) through the transmitting antenna probe (8) for feeding, so that the upper transmitting antenna increases the bandwidth and gain from the radiation patch (7), and finally completes the signal transmission to space.

4. The low-cost nested transceiver phased array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the signal receiving mode, the receiving units in the receiving unit group receive the wireless signals transmitted by the communication object. The wireless signals enter the RF receiving chip through the four-in-one power splitter network and are then transmitted to the signal receiving circuit through the corresponding duplexer.

5. The low-cost nested transceiver phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transceiver nested low-cost phased array antenna also includes a control module; the control module realizes the functions of phase shifting and attenuation amplification of the transceiver channels by distributing the signals of each channel; the RF module also includes a feeding network, which is used to feed the receiving unit.

6. The low-cost nested transceiver phased array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radio frequency chip is a TR multifunctional chip; the feeding network is a TR feeding network.

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