Hydraulic time-delay switch and safety front device for coal mining machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydraulic time-delay switch and a pre-operational safety device for a coal mining machine. The switch includes a base, a switch body connected to the base, and a triggering component for triggering the switch body. A time-delay flow path is provided on the base. At least one end of the triggering component is movable and spaced apart from the liquid inlet within the time-delay flow path, so that liquid flowing through the path pushes the triggering component to displace and trigger the switch body. This hydraulic time-delay switch provides a stable time-delayed opening and closing circuit. When applied to a pre-operational safety device for a coal mining machine, it allows workers time to evacuate and automatically transmits activation information to the coal mining machine after evacuation. It simplifies operation, improves safety, and can use liquid or gas in the pre-operational safety device's own pipelines to perform the time-delayed opening and closing action, ensuring accurate and effective information transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety equipment technology for coal mining machines, and more specifically, to a hydraulic time delay switch and a safety pre-positioning device for coal mining machines. Background Technology

[0002] At coal mine sites, in addition to the coal mining machine that performs the main coal mining work, there are also supporting devices such as water spraying to suppress dust in the work area; these are called the coal mining machine's pre-operational safety equipment. Typically, the coal mining machine is started only after the workers have checked the equipment and activated the water spraying dust suppression system. If workers have not yet evacuated the work area at this time, there is a risk of personal injury. Sending a message to the coal mining machine operator after the workers have evacuated is cumbersome and not timely or convenient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic time-delay switch that offers a stable delayed opening and closing circuit. Applied to the pre-emergence safety equipment of a coal mining machine, it allows workers time to evacuate and automatically transmits activation information to the machine after evacuation. This simplifies operation, improves safety, and allows the delayed opening and closing action to be performed using liquid or gas within the equipment's own piping, ensuring accurate and effective information transmission. A further purpose of this invention is to provide a pre-emergence safety device for a coal mining machine that includes this hydraulic time-delay switch.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a hydraulic time-delay switch, comprising a base, a switch body connected to the base, and a triggering component for triggering the switch body. The base is provided with a time-delay flow path, and the triggering component is disposed on the time-delay flow path with at least one end movable and spaced apart from the liquid inlet, so that after the liquid flows through the time-delay flow path, it pushes the triggering component to displacement and triggers the switch body.

[0005] Preferably, it further includes a first return structure that drives the trigger component to return to its original position.

[0006] Preferably, the base is further provided with a pushing chamber, the pushing chamber is provided with raw liquid and a movable piston, and the piston has raw liquid chamber and working chamber for pushing liquid or pushing gas to enter formed on both sides.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a second return structure that drives the piston back to its original position.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid delay path is provided with a delay adjustment structure to adjust the flow time of the original liquid.

[0009] Preferably, the delayed flow path includes a first valve chamber and a second valve chamber. The first valve chamber is connected to the original liquid chamber by a first liquid inlet and to the second valve chamber by a second liquid inlet. One end of the triggering component is movably disposed in the second valve chamber, and the switch body is disposed on the displacement path of the other end of the triggering component.

[0010] Preferably, there are N second liquid inlets, and the delay adjustment structure includes a movably configured blocking component for blocking M second liquid inlets, wherein M and N are both positive integers greater than zero and N is greater than M.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a valve stem that is movably disposed in the second valve chamber, a sealing element is provided between the outer wall of the valve stem and the inner wall of the second valve chamber, the valve stem is connected to the triggering component and drives the triggering component to move under the push of the original liquid.

[0012] Preferably, the base is provided with a housing cavity for accommodating the switch body, a cover for covering the housing cavity, and a wiring terminal that passes through the cover and connects to the housing cavity.

[0013] The present invention also provides a safety pre-positioning device for a coal mining machine, which is provided with a pipeline for connecting to a gas source or a liquid source and a hydraulic delay switch as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0014] The technical solution provided in this application can include the following beneficial effects: In the technical solution provided by this invention, the triggering component of the hydraulic delay switch triggers the switch body by displacement driven by liquid. The liquid first flows into and through a delay flow path that takes a certain amount of time before flowing to the triggering component, thereby pushing the triggering component to move and trigger the switch body, realizing closed conduction and transmitting signals. In this way, it provides the effect of a stable delayed opening and closing circuit. When this switch is applied to the pre-coal mining machine safety equipment, it can provide workers with evacuation time and automatically transmit opening information to the coal mining machine after evacuation. It is not only easy to operate, but also improves safety. Moreover, the delayed opening and closing switch action can be performed by liquid or gas in the pipeline of the pre-coal mining machine safety equipment itself, and it operates according to the equipment's own condition, and the transmitted information is accurate and effective.

[0015] The various technical effects of the preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided in this application are detailed below. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic time delay switch in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an external schematic diagram of the hydraulic time delay switch in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic delay switch receiving cavity in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the observation window in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figures 1-4 middle:

[0022] 1. Base; 2. Switch body; 3. Triggering component; 4. Actuating chamber; 5. Piston; 6. Raw liquid chamber; 7. First liquid inlet; 8. First valve chamber; 9. Second liquid inlet; 10. Second valve chamber; 11. Valve column; 12. First compression spring; 13. Valve body; 14. Valve core; 15. Liquid inlet; 16. Terminal block; 17. Storage chamber; 18. Cover; 19. Second compression spring; 20. Observation window. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] The purpose of this specific embodiment is to provide a hydraulic time-delay switch that offers a stable delayed opening and closing circuit. Applied to the pre-emergence safety equipment of a coal mining machine, it allows workers time to evacuate and automatically transmits opening information to the coal mining machine after evacuation. It simplifies operation, improves safety, and can utilize liquid or gas within the equipment's own piping to perform the delayed opening and closing action, ensuring accurate and effective information transmission. This specific embodiment also aims to provide a pre-emergence safety device for a coal mining machine that includes this hydraulic time-delay switch.

[0025] The embodiments will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments shown below do not limit the scope of the invention as described in the claims. Additionally, the complete contents of the configurations illustrated in the embodiments below are not limited to those necessary for the solution of the invention as described in the claims.

[0026] Please refer to the attached document. Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a hydraulic time-delay switch, including a base 1, a switch body 2 connected to the base 1, and a triggering component 3 for triggering the switch body 2. The switch body 2 is connected to a circuit, and the triggering component 3 is connected to the switch body 2 to trigger it. The switch is turned on and generates an electrical signal. When the triggering component 3 is disconnected from the switch body 2, the switch is turned off, and the electrical signal disappears. The base 1 is provided with a time-delay flow path. At least one end of the triggering component 3 is disposed on the time-delay flow path, and the other end is disposed opposite to the switch body 2. A gap is provided between the triggering component 3 and the inlet of the time-delay flow path, which can be located at opposite ends of the time-delay flow path. The triggering component 3 is movable relative to the time-delay flow path. When liquid flows into the time-delay flow path through the inlet, it needs to flow for a certain period before reaching the triggering component 3, thus pushing the triggering component 3 to move. The triggering component 3 moves to the position that triggers the switch body 2 or moves to abut against the switch body 2, thereby triggering the switch body 2 and achieving closed conduction. After the switch is turned on, it generates and can transmit an electrical signal.

[0027] With this configuration, the hydraulic delay switch provided in this embodiment operates according to the liquid flow and provides a stable delay opening and closing circuit. When this hydraulic delay switch is applied to the safety equipment before the coal mining machine, the switch body 2 is connected to the signal device or controller at the coal mining machine via an electrical wire. The inflow of liquid in the delay flow path can be achieved by connecting to the liquid or gas pipeline on the safety equipment before the coal mining machine. When the safety equipment before the coal mining machine is activated, the liquid or gas in the pipeline inside the equipment flows and flows into the delay flow path or pushes the raw liquid into the delay flow path. At the same time, the workers begin to evacuate the work area. After a certain period of time, the raw liquid pushes the trigger component 3, the switch is turned on and a signal is generated, which is automatically transmitted to the coal mining machine. At this time, the workers have safely evacuated, and the coal mining machine can be started according to the signal. The entire process requires minimal human intervention, allowing time for staff to evacuate and automatically transmitting start-up information to the coal mining machine after evacuation. The automatic signal transmission simplifies operation, and the hydraulic delay switch can delay opening and closing via liquid or gas in the pipeline of the coal mining machine's pre-installed safety equipment, operating according to the equipment's own condition, ensuring accurate and effective information transmission.

[0028] After the trigger component 3 is pushed out of position, it can maintain a conductive state with the switch body 2 as long as liquid or gas is always present in the pipeline. When the liquid or gas disappears, the thrust disappears, and the trigger component 3 can return to its original position, disconnecting from the switch body 2. In this embodiment, the hydraulic delay switch also includes a first return structure that drives the trigger component 3 back to its original position. Through the first return structure, the trigger component 3 automatically returns to its original position when the thrust disappears. The signal change caused by the switch being opened can be detected by the signal device at the coal mining machine or by the controller, and timely and automatic feedback information can be obtained.

[0029] The liquid that drives trigger component 3 can be the liquid used in the pipeline of the pre-emergence safety equipment of the coal mining machine, or the hydraulic delay switch can be equipped with a special raw liquid for driving trigger component 3. Figure 1 As shown, a pushing chamber is also provided on the base 1. The pushing chamber contains raw liquid and a movable piston 5. On both sides of the piston 5 are formed raw liquid chambers 6 connected to the inlet of the delayed flow path and an action chamber 4 for the pushing liquid or pushing gas to enter. A seal is provided between the piston 5 and the pushing chamber to prevent liquid leakage. An inlet 15 is provided on the action chamber 4 for connecting to an external pipeline, such as the pipeline on the front safety device of a coal mining machine, so that the pushing liquid or pushing gas in the pipeline enters the action chamber 4 and pushes the piston 5 to the side of the raw liquid chamber 6. Specifically, when the pushing liquid or pushing gas in the pipeline enters the action chamber 4 through the inlet 15, it pushes the piston 5 to the side of the raw liquid chamber 6. The raw liquid in the raw liquid chamber 6 is squeezed by the piston 5, and the raw liquid begins to enter the delayed flow path. As the piston 5 continues to move and squeeze, the raw liquid fills the delayed flow path and pushes the triggering component 3 to move.

[0030] Furthermore, the hydraulic time-delay switch also includes a second return structure that drives the piston 5 to return to its original position. After the propelling fluid or propelling gas injected into the working chamber 4 weakens or disappears, the second return structure automatically drives the piston 5 to return to its original position, that is, to move towards the working chamber 4. Under the negative pressure in the original fluid chamber 6 and the action of the first return structure, the original fluid flows back from the time-delay flow path to the original fluid chamber 6 for the next use. This cycle constitutes an automatically opening and closing time-delay switch device.

[0031] Furthermore, a delay adjustment structure is provided in the liquid delay path to regulate the flow time of the raw liquid. The total time for the liquid to flow through the delay flow path can be adjusted by changing the cross-sectional area, length, or injection speed. This design allows for adjustment of the delay duration of the delay switch within a certain range, enhancing practicality and applicability.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the delayed flow path includes a first valve chamber 8 and a second valve chamber 10. A first inlet 7, connecting the first valve chamber 8 and the raw liquid chamber 6, allows the raw liquid to flow through. A second inlet 9, connecting the first valve chamber 8 and the second valve chamber 10, allows the triggering component 3 to be movably disposed within the second valve chamber 10. This arrangement of the two valve chambers effectively achieves a delayed flow effect. The first inlet 7 forms the inlet of the delayed flow path.

[0033] Furthermore, N second liquid inlets 9 are provided, and the delay adjustment structure includes a movable blocking component for blocking M second liquid inlets 9, where M and N are both positive integers greater than zero, and N is greater than M. With this configuration, by moving the blocking component, any number of second liquid inlets 9 less than N can be selectively blocked, thereby creating different delay effects.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, all second liquid inlets 9 are arranged in one direction, such as along the cross-sectional direction of the delayed flow path. Simultaneously, the first valve chamber 8 also extends in this direction. Each second liquid inlet 9 is located on the side wall of the first valve chamber 8, while the first inlet is located on the side wall of the other valve chamber, opposite to the second liquid inlets 9. The sealing component is a plunger-shaped valve core 14, which slides along the arrangement direction of the second liquid inlets 9 to selectively seal different numbers of the second liquid inlets 9.

[0035] The valve core 14 is slidably disposed relative to the first valve cavity 8, and a locking and fixing structure for locking the valve core 14 is also provided between the two. It can be that the valve core 14 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first valve cavity 8, or one of them has grooves arranged on it and the other has a buckle that engages with any one of the grooves.

[0036] The valve core 14 needs to be sealed to the inner wall of the first valve chamber 8 to prevent liquid leakage. In a preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a groove or recess is provided on the base 1. A valve body 13, spaced apart from the bottom wall, is inserted through the opening. A core cavity is provided inside the valve body 13. The lower end of the core cavity is connected to the blank space at the bottom of the groove or recess, and the upper end is sealed with a valve core 14. The core cavity and the blank space form the first valve cavity 8. The first liquid inlet 7 is located on the groove wall or hole wall of the blank space, while each second liquid inlet 9 is located on the valve body 13. This configuration results in a more precise structure, stable connection, good sealing effect, and long service life, making it particularly suitable for coal mine working conditions.

[0037] The hydraulic delay switch also includes a movable valve stem 11 disposed within the second valve chamber 10. A seal is provided between the outer wall of the valve stem 11 and the inner wall of the second valve chamber 10. The valve stem 11 is connected to the triggering component 3 and, under the push of the original fluid, drives the triggering component 3 to move. On the one hand, the valve stem 11 can seal the second valve chamber 10, allowing all the original fluid to return; on the other hand, it can stably move the triggering component 3.

[0038] The triggering component 3 is configured as a long strip-shaped striker, with one end extending into the valve stem 11 for connection, and the other end extending out of the second valve chamber 10, opposite to the triggering part of the switch body 2. A seal is also provided between the striker and the base 1.

[0039] Both the first and second return structures can include elastic elements. The first return structure includes a first compression spring 12 sleeved on the striker, with one end abutting against the valve stem 11 and the other end abutting against the end wall of the second valve chamber 10. Positioning grooves for the end of the first compression spring 12 can be provided on the end wall of the second valve chamber 10 and the valve stem 11. The second return structure includes a second compression spring 19, with one end abutting against the piston 5 and the other end abutting against the cavity wall of the original liquid chamber 6.

[0040] The base 1 is also provided with a weight reduction hole extending in the same direction as the second valve chamber 10, and the opening of the weight reduction hole is covered by a plunger.

[0041] The base 1 of the hydraulic time delay switch has a housing cavity 17 for accommodating the switch body 2, a cover 18 for closing the housing cavity 17, and a terminal block 16 that passes through the cover 18 and connects to the housing cavity 17. The base 1 is rectangular, with an inwardly recessed housing cavity 17 at one end. The cover 18 closes the housing cavity 17 with fasteners. The switch body 2 is housed inside the housing cavity 17 to prevent accidental activation or contamination from external impurities. One end of the terminal block 16 extends into the housing cavity 17 and is electrically connected to the switch body 2, while the other end is located outside the housing cavity 17 for circuit wiring.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the base 1 is also provided with an observation window 20 for observing the internal situation. The observation window 20 is opposite to the valve stem 11 in the second valve chamber 10 and is used to observe whether the valve stem 11 is in normal displacement. The observation window 20 may include a through hole communicating with the second valve chamber 10 and a transparent cover plate covering the through hole to prevent impurities from entering the switch.

[0043] This embodiment also provides a pre-safety device for a coal mining machine, which includes a pipeline for connecting to a gas or liquid source and a hydraulic time-delay switch as described in the previous embodiment. The switch body is electrically connected to a signal device or controller at the coal mining machine via an electrical conductor. The inflow of liquid in the time-delay flow path is achieved by injecting liquid or gas into the pipeline. With this configuration, the pre-safety device for the coal mining machine can automatically transmit signals to the coal mining machine during opening and closing operations, requiring minimal manual intervention. The delayed signal transmission function of the hydraulic time-delay switch allows time for workers to evacuate, and automatically transmits opening information to the coal mining machine after evacuation. Automatic signal transmission simplifies operation, and the hydraulic time-delay switch can perform delayed opening and closing actions using liquid or gas in the pre-safety device's own pipeline, operating according to the equipment's own condition, ensuring accurate and effective information transmission. The derivation process for this beneficial effect is basically the same as that for the hydraulic time-delay switch described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" used in this article are not intended to restrict the specific order, but are merely used to distinguish between different components or functions. The terms "horizontal," "vertical," "up," "down," "left," and "right" refer to the hydraulic delay switch when it is in its natural placement state.

[0045] It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and the content not described in detail in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar content in other embodiments. The multiple solutions provided by the present invention contain their own basic solutions, are independent of each other, and do not restrict each other, but they can also be combined with each other without conflict to achieve multiple effects.

[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A safety front end device for a coal mining machine, characterized in that, The system is equipped with a pipeline for connecting to a gas source or a liquid source and a hydraulic delay switch. The hydraulic delay switch includes a base (1), a switch body (2) connected to the base (1), and a triggering component (3) for triggering the switch body (2). The base (1) is provided with a delay flow passage. The triggering component (3) is provided with at least one movable end on the delay flow passage and spaced apart from the liquid inlet, so that after the liquid flows through the delay flow passage, it pushes the triggering component (3) to move and trigger the switch body (2). The base (1) is also provided with a push chamber, which is provided with raw liquid and a movable piston (5). On both sides of the piston (5) are formed a raw liquid chamber (6) connected to the liquid inlet of the delayed flow passage and an action chamber (4) for the push liquid or push gas to enter. The liquid delay path is provided with a delay adjustment structure to adjust the flow time of the original liquid; the delay flow path includes a first valve chamber (8) and a second valve chamber (10), the first valve chamber (8) is connected to the original liquid chamber (6) with a first liquid inlet (7), and is connected to the second valve chamber (10) with a second liquid inlet (9), one end of the triggering component (3) is movably disposed in the second valve chamber (10), and the switch body (2) is disposed on the displacement path of the other end of the triggering component (3); there are N second liquid inlets (9), and the delay adjustment structure includes a blocking component that is movably disposed to block M second liquid inlets (9), wherein M and N are both positive integers greater than zero and N is greater than M; It also includes a movable valve stem (11) disposed in the second valve chamber (10). A sealing element is provided between the outer wall of the valve stem (11) and the inner wall of the second valve chamber (10). The valve stem (11) is connected to the triggering component (3) and drives the triggering component (3) to move under the push of the original liquid.

2. A safety front end device for a coal mining machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, It also includes a first return structure that drives the trigger component (3) to return to its original position.

3. The safety pre-positioning device for coal mining machines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second return structure that drives the piston (5) back to its original position.

4. The safety pre-positioning device for a coal mining machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) is provided with a housing cavity (17) for accommodating the switch body (2), a cover (18) for covering the housing cavity (17), and a terminal block (16) that passes through the cover (18) and connects to the housing cavity (17).

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