Sunshade and heat preservation device and method for photovoltaic tea garden

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sunshade and heat-insulating device for a photovoltaic tea garden and a method thereof. The sunshade and heat-insulating device comprises a bracket and a photovoltaic panel array. A sunshade device is arranged on the bracket below the photovoltaic panel array. The sunshade device comprises at least one sunshade module. The sunshade module comprises a sunshade cloth array of at least two sunshade cloths and a pulley traction rope transmission system for driving each sunshade cloth in the array to be simultaneously unfolded or retracted between adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels. The system comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel group. Each driven wheel forms a linked closed rope winding circuit by sequentially winding annular traction ropes. Both side edges of each sunshade cloth are wound with traction ropes that move in the same direction. The fixed side of the sunshade cloth is fixed on the bracket, and the two ends of the moving side are fixedly connected to the traction ropes on the corresponding sides. The traction rope drives the moving sides of each sunshade cloth in the sunshade module to be linked along the direction of the column. The sunshade cloths in the same column have the same opening and closing movement direction. When there are at least two columns of sunshade cloths, the opening and closing movement directions of the sunshade cloths in adjacent columns are opposite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic tea garden sunshade. Background Art

[0002] The tea tree is a perennial evergreen shade-tolerant woody plant that likes light but cannot tolerate excessive light. Setting up a photovoltaic system above the tea tree will not affect its growth while enabling photovoltaic power generation, greatly improving the utilization rate of land and light energy and achieving agricultural and photovoltaic complementarity.

[0003] The Chinese patent document "Photovoltaic Panel Array Structure Based on Space Layout of Tea Garden Photovoltaic System" with the publication number CN207460067U discloses a photovoltaic system in a tea garden, which includes multiple parallel photovoltaic panels arranged above the tea trees, each photovoltaic panel is composed of multiple rectangular photovoltaic panels, and there are spaces between adjacent photovoltaic panels, thereby forming a photovoltaic panel array; each photovoltaic panel is arranged on corresponding upper and lower fixed beams, and the upper and lower fixed beams are installed on the oblique triangular bracket at the upper end of the vertical bracket, and the lower end of the vertical bracket is fixed in the tea garden soil. The brackets of each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic system are independently arranged, and this bracket structure makes the wind resistance of the photovoltaic system poor.

[0004] Matcha production requires 10-15 days of full coverage and shading before tea leaves are picked. If the above-mentioned tea garden photovoltaic system is used, although the photovoltaic panels can play a certain shading role, it still cannot meet the full coverage and shading requirements of matcha production, nor can it achieve the functions of keeping the tea garden warm in early spring, keeping warm during the "late spring cold", and shading and cooling in summer. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic tea garden shading and heat preservation method, which can realize agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity, and can also realize full coverage shading, and realize the functions of early spring tea garden heat preservation, heat preservation during "late spring cold", summer sunshade and temperature reduction. The present invention also provides a photovoltaic tea garden shading and heat preservation device for realizing the method.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the photovoltaic tea garden sunshade and heat preservation method of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A shading and heat-insulating method for a photovoltaic tea garden is provided, in which a shading device is arranged below the photovoltaic panel array of the tea garden. The shading device adopts a combination of shading modules. The shading module utilizes a pulley traction rope transmission system to connect multiple shade cloths arranged in an array in the module to form a linked shade cloth array. The traction rope drives each shade cloth in the shade cloth array to be unfolded or retracted at the same time.

[0008] A further optimized technical solution is that the sunshade cloth array consists of two rows and N columns, the sunshades in the same column have the same opening and closing movement direction, and the sunshades in adjacent columns have opposite opening and closing movement directions; the order in which the traction rope is wrapped around the sunshade cloth is: first wrap around the first row of sunshade cloth, from the first row and the first column to the first row and the Nth column in sequence; then wrap around to the second row of sunshade cloth, from the second row and the Nth column to the second row and the first column in sequence.

[0009] The photovoltaic tea garden sunshade and heat preservation device of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0010] A sunshade and heat preservation device for a photovoltaic tea garden comprises a support and a photovoltaic panel array fixed on the support, and the rows are defined as extending in the east-west direction. A sunshade device capable of covering tea trees is arranged on the support below the photovoltaic panel array, and the sunshade device comprises at least one sunshade module, the sunshade module comprises a sunshade cloth array having at least two sunshade cloths and a pulley traction rope transmission system for driving each sunshade cloth in the array to be simultaneously unfolded or retracted between adjacent photovoltaic panel rows; the pulley traction rope transmission system comprises a driving wheel driven to rotate by power and a driven wheel group comprising a plurality of driven wheels driven by the driving wheel, Each driven wheel is connected in sequence by the annular traction rope to form a linked closed rope winding circuit. The layout of each driven wheel matches the sunshade cloth array, and both sides of each sunshade cloth are wound with traction ropes that move in the same direction; the fixed edge of the sunshade cloth is located below the corresponding photovoltaic panel row and fixed on the bracket, and the two ends of the moving edge are fixedly connected to the traction ropes on the corresponding sides. The traction rope drives the moving edges of each sunshade cloth in the sunshade module to be linked along the direction of the column; the sunshade cloths in the same column have the same opening and closing movement direction. When there are at least two columns of sunshade cloths, the opening and closing movement directions of the sunshade cloths in adjacent columns are opposite.

[0011] A further optimized technical solution is that the sunshade cloth array is in two rows and has at least two columns.

[0012] A further optimized technical solution is that the driving wheel is arranged on the outside of the traction rope on the outer side of the first row of sunshade cloths, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel group to move in conjunction with the traction rope.

[0013] A further optimized technical solution is that the driving wheel is a double rope groove pulley.

[0014] A further optimized technical solution is that the sunshade cloth array has N columns, and the order of winding the rope line around the sunshade cloth is: first wind around the first row of sunshade cloth, from the first row and the first column to the first row and the Nth column; then wind around to the second row of sunshade cloth, from the second row and the Nth column to the second row and the first column.

[0015] A further optimized technical solution is that, in the driven wheel group, the driven wheels located at the junction of the corners of four adjacent sunshade cloths in the sunshade cloth array are two double-rope groove pulleys or one four-rope groove pulley.

[0016] A further optimized technical solution is that the bracket includes an integral grid frame composed of cross beams and longitudinal beams fixed to the upper end of the pile group, the cross beams correspond to the rows of photovoltaic panels and are located below the rows of photovoltaic panels, and each driven wheel is arranged on the corresponding cross beam or longitudinal beam.

[0017] A further optimized technical solution is that the two ends of the movable edge of the sunshade cloth are also equipped with walking wheels that can roll on the corresponding longitudinal beams; the driving wheels are driven to rotate by a motor; the sunshade device also includes a motor control unit, which includes a temperature sensor and a light sensor electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. By setting a sunshade device under the photovoltaic panel array, the complementary effect of agriculture and light in the tea garden is achieved, and the tea trees can be shaded and kept warm. In application, it can well meet the needs of matcha production, implement covering during the day and folding at night, and improve the yield and quality of matcha; in early spring, the tea garden can be kept warm by covering the sunshade cloth at night; when there is a "late spring cold", by covering the sunshade cloth, the radiation heat exchange between the tea leaves and the sky can be reduced, the temperature of the tea leaves can be increased, and the tea leaves can be prevented from freezing; in summer, when the temperature of the tea leaves is too high under the sun and is not conducive to the growth of tea leaves, the sunshade cloth can be covered to achieve the effect of shading and cooling. The present invention is not only suitable for sunshade and heat preservation in tea gardens, but also suitable for planting other crops that require sunshade or heat preservation.

[0020] 2. The sunshade device adopts a sunshade module structure, and the sunshade module adopts a plurality of sunshade cloths arranged in an array. In this way, on the one hand, in actual application, the appropriate number of sunshade modules and the appropriate specifications of sunshade cloth arrays can be selected and combined according to the size of the tea garden, so that full coverage of tea gardens of different areas can be achieved very easily, and the use is flexible and convenient; on the other hand, the sunshade module adopts a sunshade cloth array, which not only ensures that a sunshade module has a larger sunshade area, but also solves the problem of severe sagging of the sunshade cloth when a single sunshade cloth is used under the same sunshade area; thirdly, the sunshade cloths in the sunshade module are linked under the drive of the pulley traction rope transmission system, and can be automatically unfolded to cover the tea garden and can be folded at the same time, with a high degree of automation.

[0021] 3. In the sunshade module, the linkage of each sunshade cloth is realized by the transmission connection of the pulley traction rope transmission system. This transmission structure can make the sunshade cloths in adjacent rows or columns in the sunshade module have different inclination angles. In addition, adjacent rows of adjacent sunshade modules can also be arranged to have different inclination angles, so that the present invention can adapt to the terrain of the tea garden where it is laid, and can be installed and used in flat tea gardens as well as in multi-sided sloping tea gardens. In addition, the number of sunshade modules and the specifications of the sunshade cloth array can be selected according to the size of the tea garden area and the length and width dimensions, which makes the present invention more adaptable and applicable to tea gardens of different terrains, sizes and shapes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sunshade and heat preservation device for a photovoltaic tea garden of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A top view of the middle sunshade device;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the upper part of FIG.

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the lower middle part;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pulley traction rope transmission system;

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the present invention applied to mountain areas;

[0030] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A top view of

[0031] Fig.10 yes Figure 8 A top view of the sunshade device in FIG.

[0032] In the figure, 1 is a pile, 21 is a horizontal beam, 22 is a longitudinal beam, 3 is a photovoltaic panel, 4 is a sunshade cloth, 5 is a traction rope, 6 is a driving wheel, 71 is a single rope groove pulley, and 72 is a double rope groove pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The shading and heat preservation method of the photovoltaic tea garden of the present invention is to set a shading device under the photovoltaic panel array of the tea garden. The shading device adopts a combination of several shading modules. The shading module uses a pulley traction rope transmission system to connect multiple shade cloths arranged in an array in the module to form a linked shade cloth array. The traction rope drives each shade cloth in the shade cloth array to be unfolded or retracted at the same time. The shade cloth array is preferably two rows and N columns, and the opening and closing movement directions of the shade cloths in the same column are the same, and the opening and closing movement directions of the shade cloths in adjacent columns are opposite. At this time, the order of the traction rope winding around each shade cloth is: first winding around the first row of shade cloths, from the first row and the first column to the first row and the Nth column in sequence; then winding around the second row of shade cloths, from the second row and the Nth column to the second row and the first column in sequence, wherein N can be 2, 3, 4 or other numbers, which are determined according to actual conditions.

[0034] An embodiment of the photovoltaic tea garden sunshade and heat preservation device of the present invention is shown in Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the east-west direction is defined as rows, and the north-south direction is defined as columns. This embodiment includes a bracket, a photovoltaic panel array and a sunshade device. The bracket is used to be set up and fixed on the tea garden land. The photovoltaic panel array and the sunshade device are both fixed on the bracket. The photovoltaic panel array is used for photovoltaic power generation to achieve agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity. The sunshade device is located below the photovoltaic panel array. The sunshade device can unfold its sunshade cloth to cover the top of the tea tree to achieve shading or heat preservation of the tea tree.

[0035] The photovoltaic panel array is composed of photovoltaic panels 3 arranged in a matrix form mounted on a bracket. The photovoltaic panels 3 in each row are arranged at intervals, and there is a certain spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panel rows. The number of rows, columns, row spacing and column spacing of the photovoltaic panel array are adaptively arranged according to the size of the tea garden and other conditions on the ground. The number of rows can be two rows, three rows, four rows, or N rows. For the convenience of clear expression in the drawings, three rows of photovoltaic panels are drawn in the drawings, which can be a photovoltaic panel array or a part of an N-row photovoltaic panel array.

[0036] The support includes a pile group consisting of a plurality of piles 1, and a grid frame is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the pile group. The grid frame is an integral grid structure consisting of a plurality of cross beams 21 and a plurality of longitudinal beams 22. The grid frame and each pile 1 are connected to form a support with a main body of an integral frame structure. Such a support has good structural stability and strong wind resistance, which can reduce the foundation requirements for the piles 1 and is more conducive to construction during field installation. The number of piles, cross beams and longitudinal beams in the support should be matched according to the specifications of the photovoltaic panel array, wherein the number of cross beams 21 is the same as the number of photovoltaic panel rows and is arranged one by one up and down, that is, there is a corresponding cross beam under each row of photovoltaic panels.

[0037] The shading device includes at least one shading module, and the number of shading modules should be configured accordingly according to the specifications of the photovoltaic panel array to meet the tea tree coverage requirements.

[0038] The sunshade module includes a sunshade cloth array and a pulley traction rope transmission system. The pulley traction rope transmission system drives each sunshade cloth in the sunshade module to be linked between adjacent photovoltaic panel rows, that is, to be unfolded or retracted at the same time. The sunshade cloth array has at least two sunshade cloths 4, which can be arranged in a single row or in two rows. It is best to arrange them in two rows, which is more convenient for the layout of the pulley traction rope transmission system and can effectively utilize the traction rope, making the structure of the system simple and compact. The number of columns of the sunshade cloth array can be specifically set according to the length to be covered by the sunshade module in the horizontal direction. The fixed edge of each sunshade cloth 4 is located below the corresponding photovoltaic panel row and fixed on the crossbeam 21 of the bracket. The sunshade cloths in the same column have the same opening and closing movement direction. When there are at least two columns of sunshade cloths, the opening and closing movement directions of the sunshade cloths in adjacent columns are opposite.

[0039] The pulley traction rope transmission system includes a driving wheel 6 driven to rotate by power and a driven wheel group including a plurality of driven wheels driven by the driving wheel. Each driven wheel is connected in sequence by the annular traction rope 5 to form a linked closed rope winding circuit. Each driven wheel in the driven wheel group is arranged on a corresponding crossbeam or longitudinal beam. The driven wheel group is matched with the sunshade cloth array. The arrangement of each driven wheel in the driven wheel group should ensure that both sides of each sunshade cloth are wound with traction ropes that can move in the same direction. The two ends of each moving side of the sunshade cloth are fixedly connected to the traction ropes on their corresponding sides and driven by the traction ropes to move in a linked manner along the direction of the column. Traveling wheels that can roll on the corresponding longitudinal beams are also installed under the two ends of the moving side of the sunshade cloth. On the one hand, they can support the sunshade cloth, and on the other hand, they can reduce the movement resistance to ensure that the sunshade cloth can be opened and closed smoothly. Figure 4 As shown, when the sunshade cloth array is two rows and N columns, the fixed edges of the two sunshade cloths in the odd columns are below the first and second rows of photovoltaic panels, and the fixed edges of the two sunshade cloths in the even columns are below the second and third rows of photovoltaic panels. After the sunshade cloths are unfolded, the moving edges of each sunshade cloth are aligned with the fixed edges of adjacent sunshade cloths to achieve opposite opening and closing movement directions of adjacent sunshade cloths in the same row in a sunshade cloth array. At this time, the order of the rope winding line to connect each sunshade cloth is: first wind around the first row of sunshade cloths, from the first row and the first column to the first row and the Nth column in sequence; then wind around to the second row of sunshade cloths, from the second row and the Nth column to the second row and the first column in sequence.

[0040] Figure 4 The figure shows a sunshade module, in which the sunshade cloth array is arranged in two rows and four columns. The arrow in front of the sunshade cloth indicates the direction in which the sunshade cloth is unfolded, and the arrow on the traction rope indicates the direction in which each section of the traction rope moves. Figure 7The figure shows the pulley traction rope transmission system of the sunshade module, the three rows of driven wheels arranged by the driven wheel group of the system respectively correspond to the three crossbeams arranged in sequence in the bracket, the driven wheels 71 in the first and third rows adopt single rope groove pulleys, the driven wheels 72 in the second row, that is, the driven wheels located at the junction of the corners of four adjacent sunshade cloths in the sunshade cloth array, which can adopt two double rope groove pulleys or one four rope groove pulley, the driven wheel group is used to realize the reversal of the traction rope 5 and guide the traction rope to be arranged on both sides of each sunshade cloth; the driving wheel 6 of the system is arranged on the outside of the traction rope on the outer side of the first row of sunshade cloths, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel group to be linked by winding with the traction rope 5. In this sunshade module, the order of winding the rope line around each sunshade cloth is: starting from the driving wheel 6, first wind around the first row of sunshade cloth, and then wind around from the first row and the first column to the first row and the fourth column; then wind around to the second row of sunshade cloth, and then wind around from the second row and the fourth column to the second row and the first column, and then wind around to the driving wheel 6 to form a closed loop.

[0041] In this embodiment, the driving wheel 6 adopts a single rope groove pulley and is driven to rotate by a motor, which is not shown in the figure. In practical applications, if another sunshade module is arranged side by side on the other side of the driving wheel of the sunshade module, at this time, if the motor power is large enough, the driving wheel can be replaced with a double rope groove pulley, so that the two sunshade modules can share one motor, thereby saving costs. In order to realize automatic control of the opening and closing of the sunshade cloth according to the ambient temperature and the light intensity, the sunshade device can also be equipped with a motor control unit, which includes a temperature sensor and a light sensor electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor. In this way, the sunshade device can be fully intelligently operated according to the set matcha sunshade period conditions, the temperature conditions of the insulation period, and the summer sunshade conditions. During the matcha production period, it automatically starts to cover during the day and automatically closes at night to improve the yield and quality of matcha. When the light is too strong, the motor is automatically started to open the sunshade cloth to realize automatic sunshade. When the temperature is too low and there is no light, such as in the evening of March, the sunshade cloth can be automatically unfolded to play a role in heat preservation.

[0042] Figures 8 to 10 In the embodiment shown, the photovoltaic panel array uses five rows of photovoltaic panels, the sunshade device consists of two side-by-side sunshade modules, the sunshade cloth array of the sunshade module uses two rows and three columns, and each sunshade module has a corresponding motor to control the opening and closing of the sunshade cloth. Figure 8 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the present embodiment applied to mountainous areas. It can be seen from the figure that the inclination angles of adjacent rows of sunshade cloths in a sunshade module and adjacent rows of sunshade cloths in adjacent sunshade modules after unfolding are different, and the size of the inclination angle is adapted to the height and inclination of the ground.

Claims

1. A sunshade and heat preservation device for a photovoltaic tea garden, comprising a bracket and a photovoltaic panel array fixed on the bracket, with rows extending in the east-west direction, characterized in that: A sunshade device capable of covering tea trees is provided on the bracket below the photovoltaic panel array, the sunshade device comprising at least one sunshade module, the sunshade module comprising a sunshade cloth array having at least four sunshade cloths and a pulley traction rope transmission system for driving each sunshade cloth in the array to simultaneously unfold or retract between adjacent photovoltaic panel rows, the sunshade cloth array being two rows and N columns and having at least two columns; The pulley traction rope transmission system includes a driving wheel driven to rotate by power and a driven wheel group including multiple driven wheels driven by the driving wheel. The layout of each driven wheel matches the sunshade cloth array, and the driven wheel located at the junction of the corners of four adjacent sunshade cloths in the sunshade cloth array is two double-rope groove pulleys or a four-rope groove pulley. Each driven wheel forms a linked closed rope winding circuit through the sequential winding of the annular traction rope; both sides of each sunshade cloth are wound with traction ropes moving in the same direction, and the traction ropes are wound back and forth between two adjacent columns of sunshade cloths along the direction of the columns in a reciprocating manner. The order of winding the sunshade cloth in the rope winding line is: first wind around the first row of sunshade cloth, from the first row and the first column to the first row and the Nth column in sequence, and then wind around to the second row of sunshade cloth, from the second row and the Nth column to the second row and the first column in sequence; the fixed edge of the sunshade cloth is located below the corresponding photovoltaic panel row and fixed on the bracket, and the two ends of the movable edge are fixedly connected to the traction rope on the corresponding side, and the traction rope drives the movable edges of each sunshade cloth in the sunshade module to move in conjunction along the direction of the column, the sunshade cloths in the same column have the same opening and closing movement direction, and the sunshade cloths in adjacent columns have opposite opening and closing movement directions.

2. The photovoltaic tea garden sunshade and heat preservation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel is arranged on the outer side of the traction rope on the outer side of the first row of sunshade cloths, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel group to work in conjunction with the traction rope.

3. The photovoltaic tea garden sunshade and heat preservation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving wheel is a double rope groove pulley.

4. The photovoltaic tea garden sunshade and heat preservation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The support comprises an integral grid frame consisting of cross beams and longitudinal beams fixed to the upper end of the pile group, the cross beams correspond to the rows of photovoltaic panels and are located below the rows of photovoltaic panels, and each driven wheel is arranged on the corresponding cross beam or longitudinal beam.

5. The photovoltaic tea garden sunshade and heat preservation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two ends of the movable side of the sunshade cloth are also equipped with walking wheels that can roll on the corresponding longitudinal beams; the driving wheel is driven to rotate by a motor; the sunshade device also includes a motor control unit, which includes a temperature sensor and a light sensor electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor.

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