Intramedullary nail aiming device and bone treatment system including the same

Abstract

The present invention proposes an intramedullary nail aimer and a bone treatment system including the same, wherein the intramedullary nail aimer is suitable for a variety of intramedullary nails and comprises: a handle having an outer end and an inner end, wherein the inner end is suitable for combining with any intramedullary nail selected from the plurality of intramedullary nails; a connecting device comprising a main body, wherein the main body is fixed to the outer end; and an aiming arm, which is provided with a distal aiming hole, wherein the aiming arm is rotatably coupled to the main body at a position corresponding to the intramedullary nail, wherein the main body positions the aiming arm so that, when the intramedullary nail is combined with the inner end, the distal aiming hole is aligned with the distal screw hole of the intramedullary nail, and the rotation axis of the aiming arm points to the starting position of the anterior arch bending of the intramedullary nail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a medical instrument for orthopedic surgery, in particular to an intramedullary nail aiming device which is suitable for implanting a variety of intramedullary nails into the bone marrow cavity of a patient and aiming at the screw holes of the intramedullary nails, and a bone treatment system comprising the same. Background Art

[0002] Intramedullary nail fixation is one of the surgical techniques for treating large long bone fractures. This technique has the advantages of being relatively minimally invasive, with less bleeding, fewer complications, and early mobilization. However, due to the irregular shape of the medullary cavity, a single-shaped intramedullary nail will be forced to be squeezed and deformed after being implanted into the medullary cavity, especially at the starting position of the anterior arch bend, which will cause the position of the distal screw hole to change. In addition, since the position of the distal screw hole cannot be located, the implantation of the distal locking screw is very difficult, resulting in prolonged operation time, increased use of radiation, and even the risk of surgical failure.

[0003] The closest existing intramedullary nail aiming system technology is the intraoperative adjustment technology.

[0004] The intraoperative adjustment technology is to use X-ray imaging to continuously fine-tune the position of the guide sleeve during the operation so that the guide sleeve is aligned with the nail hole on the implant. There are two types of adjustment mechanisms, one is a sliding mechanism and the other is a rotating mechanism. The movement mode of the existing sliding mechanism is quite different from the actual deformation of the implant, and it is easy to produce a large axial deviation after the intramedullary nail is implanted. The position of the rotation center of the existing rotating mechanism will change due to the change in the length of the implant, so that even through rotation, the position of the aiming hole cannot be the same as the position of the distal screw hole of the intramedullary nail that is tilted after implantation, that is, a large axial deviation will also be generated. In addition, in order to complete the intramedullary nail implantation surgery, the proximal and distal screws of the intramedullary nail need to be implanted. To complete this process, the prior art needs to first connect the intramedullary nail to the handle, then connect the proximal aimer, remove the proximal aimer after the proximal screw is implanted, and reassemble the multiple components of the distal aimer. This series of cumbersome processes undoubtedly increases the difficulty of the operation, increases the risk of errors during the operation, prolongs the operation time, and places more stringent requirements on doctors.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for an intramedullary nail aimer that can simply and conveniently complete an intramedullary nail implantation surgery and can accurately aim at the nail hole. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an intramedullary nail aiming device, which is suitable for a variety of intramedullary nails and includes:

[0007] a handle having an outer end and an inner end, wherein the inner end is adapted to be coupled to any intramedullary nail selected from the plurality of intramedullary nails;

[0008] a connecting device comprising a body, wherein the body is fixed to the outer end; and

[0009] An aiming arm is provided with a plurality of distal aiming holes, wherein the aiming arm is rotatably coupled to the main body at a position corresponding to the intramedullary nail, wherein the main body positions the aiming arm so that, when the intramedullary nail is coupled to the inner end portion, the plurality of distal aiming holes are aligned with the plurality of distal screw holes of the intramedullary nail, and the rotation axis of the aiming arm points to a starting position of a front arch bend of the intramedullary nail.

[0010] Optionally, the aiming arm is further provided with a plurality of proximal connection holes corresponding to the plurality of intramedullary nails.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting device further comprises a positioning shaft protruding from the main body, wherein the positioning shaft is inserted into a proximal connecting hole corresponding to the intramedullary nail.

[0012] Optionally, the connection device further comprises a drive assembly rotatably coupled to the main body, wherein the drive assembly is coupled to the aiming arm so as to convert a rotation of the drive assembly into a rotation of the aiming arm.

[0013] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a pivot shaft and an eccentric shaft eccentrically arranged relative to the pivot shaft, wherein the pivot shaft is rotatably and slidably coupled to a receiving hole in the main body, and the eccentric shaft is rotatably coupled to a proximal connecting hole.

[0014] Optionally, the drive assembly further comprises a locking device, which is suitable for switching between a locking position and a release position, wherein in the locking position, the locking device presses against the main body, thereby fixing the drive assembly relative to the main body; in the release position, the locking device disengages from the main body, thereby enabling the drive assembly to rotate relative to the main body.

[0015] Optionally, the drive assembly further comprises a fastening rod rotatably and slidably coupled to the eccentric shaft, the fastening rod being suitable for switching between a locking position and a releasing position, wherein in the releasing position, the fastening rod is in an extension direction of the eccentric shaft, so that the aiming arm can cross over the fastening rod and disengage from the eccentric shaft; in the locking position, the fastening rod and the eccentric shaft are in a T-shaped structure so as to prevent the aiming arm from disengaging from the eccentric shaft.

[0016] Optionally, the main body is further provided with a set of angle scale lines arranged around the rotation axis of the drive assembly, and the drive assembly further comprises a pointer configured to point to the angle scale lines.

[0017] Optionally, the drive assembly further comprises a damping device, the damping device comprising a head resiliently biased out from its interior to abut against the body.

[0018] Also in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention further proposes a bone treatment system, which includes the intramedullary nail aiming device as described above and an intramedullary nail suitable for the intramedullary nail aiming device.

[0019] The present invention can be embodied as the exemplary embodiments in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings are only exemplary, and any changes conceived under the teachings of the present invention should be considered to be included in the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention. These drawings should not be construed as necessarily limiting the scope of the present invention. The same numbers and / or similar reference numerals throughout may refer to the same and / or similar elements. In the various drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an intramedullary nail aiming device and a bone treatment system in an assembled state according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of an intramedullary nail aiming device and a bone treatment system in a disassembled state according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of a connecting device of an intramedullary nail aiming device according to the present invention in an assembled state;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of a connecting device of an intramedullary nail aiming device according to the present invention in an exploded state;

[0025] Figure 5A is a schematic perspective view of a connecting device of an intramedullary nail aiming device according to the present invention in a released position;

[0026] Figure 5B is a schematic perspective view of a connecting device of an intramedullary nail aiming device according to the present invention in a locked position;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 3-5B A schematic partial side view of the pivot shaft and eccentric shaft of the drive assembly of the connecting device shown in; and

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the tilting of an intramedullary nail after implantation and the operation of a prior art aiming mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as necessarily being limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, these exemplary embodiments are merely provided to illustrate the present invention and to convey the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0030] As used herein, with reference to the human body and the components described herein that are intended to be implanted in the human body, the terms "proximal end P" and "distal end D" are defined relative to the patient's torso during the implantation surgery, wherein the term "proximal end P" is the end closer to the heart position, and the term "distal end D" is the end farther from the heart position, on this basis, the term "proximal end P" and the term "distal end D" jointly define the proximal-distal direction DP; the term "inner end M" and the term "outer end L" are defined relative to the patient's sagittal plane, wherein the term "inner end M" refers to the side closer to the sagittal plane, and the term "outer end L" refers to the side farther from the sagittal plane, on this basis, the term "inner end M" and the term "outer end L" jointly define the inward-outward direction ML; the term "upper A" and the term "lower B" are defined relative to the patient's orientation, wherein the term "upper A" refers to the direction facing the patient when lying flat, and the term "lower B" refers to the direction facing away from the patient when lying flat, on this basis, the term "upper A" and the term "lower B" jointly define the upper-lower direction AB. In the above definition, the "sagittal plane" is an imaginary vertical plane passing through the middle of the body or body structure, which divides the body or body structure into left and right halves. However, it is worth noting that the above definition of relative orientation is only given for the purpose of better illustrating the technical solution of the present invention through the accompanying drawings, and it should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0031] refer to Figure 1-Figure 6 According to one aspect of the present invention, an intramedullary nail aiming device is provided, which generally includes a connecting device 100 and an aiming arm 200 and a handle 300 connected by the connecting device 100. Next, each component is described in detail.

[0032] Reference below Figure 1 The handle 300 of the intramedullary nail aiming device is described. Figure 1As shown, the handle 300 is generally U-shaped, and in the case shown in the figure, the opening of the U-shaped structure faces the distal direction D. The handle 300 includes an outer end 310 and an inner end 320 separated along the inner-outer direction ML, and a gripping portion 330 connecting the outer end 310 and the inner end 320, wherein the outer end 310 is used to engage the connecting device 100, the inner end 320 is used to engage the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted, and the gripping portion 330 is used to engage the hand of an operator (e.g., a surgeon).

[0033] Optionally, one or more proximal aiming holes 340 in the form of through holes are provided on the outer end portion 310 of the handle 300. When the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted is fixed to the inner end portion 320 (for example, by threaded connection, snap fit, friction fit, etc.), the proximal aiming hole 340 is aligned with the proximal screw hole 440 in the intramedullary nail 400. The so-called "alignment" means that the proximal aiming hole 340 is coaxial with the proximal screw hole 440, such as Figure 1 As shown in the reference axis X1-X1' in the figure, when the intramedullary nail 400 is implanted in the patient's body (for example, implanted in the patient's fractured femur), the guide sleeve can be inserted into the proximal aiming hole 340 and the guide sleeve can be extended toward the proximal screw hole 440. At this time, the guide sleeve, the proximal aiming hole 340 and the proximal screw hole 440 are coaxial, so that the proximal bone screw can move toward the proximal screw hole 440 in the guide sleeve and finally pass through the proximal screw hole 440 to be screwed into the bone (for example, femur), thereby fixing the intramedullary nail 400 in the patient's body at the proximal end. Therefore, when performing proximal fixation of the intramedullary nail, the proximal aiming hole 340 on the handle 300 can be directly used to guide the guide sleeve and the proximal bone screw. However, in the prior art, the proximal aiming device needs to be fixed to the handle first, and then the aiming hole on the proximal aiming device is used to guide the guide sleeve and the proximal bone screw for proximal fixation of the intramedullary nail. After the proximal fixation of the intramedullary nail is completed, the proximal aiming device needs to be removed, and then the distal aiming device needs to be fixed to the handle, and then the aiming hole of the distal aiming device is used to guide the guide sleeve and the distal bone screw for distal fixation of the intramedullary nail. Therefore, the aiming device in the prior art is cumbersome and time-consuming to use. In comparison, the intramedullary nail aiming device of the present invention is simple and convenient to use, and does not need to be repeatedly disassembled and assembled, which greatly saves operation time, reduces the burden of surgeons and the pain of patients.

[0034] In particular, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a guide pin hole 350 is also provided on the outer end 310 of the handle 300. Thus, a guide pin can be introduced into the guide pin hole 350 to provide a reference for the X-ray device when the X-ray device is used during surgery, thereby ensuring that the surgery can be performed more smoothly.

[0035] Next, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The aiming arm 200 of the intramedullary nail aiming device is described. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the aiming arm 200 is generally in the shape of a column extending along the distal-proximal direction DP. The aiming arm 200 has a distal aiming hole 210 (four of which are shown in the figure) in the form of a through hole at its distal end, wherein the distal aiming hole 210 is used to align with the distal screw hole 410 in the intramedullary nail 400. Further, after the doctor selects the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted for the patient according to the preoperative and / or intraoperative planning, the aiming arm 200 is rotatably coupled to the connecting device 100 at a position corresponding to the selected intramedullary nail 400, so that after the intramedullary nail 400 is fixed to the inner end portion 320 of the handle 300, each distal aiming hole 210 can be aligned with the corresponding distal screw hole 410, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown in the reference axes X2-X2', X3-X3', X4-X4' and X5-X5'.

[0036] In particular, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the aiming arm 200 is provided with a plurality of proximal connection holes 220 distributed along the length direction thereof, wherein each proximal connection hole 220 corresponds to an intramedullary nail 400 and, as further described below, is configured to be inserted with the positioning shaft 120 of the connecting device 100 so as to position the aiming arm 200 relative to the intramedullary nail 400. Therefore, after the doctor selects the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted for the patient according to the preoperative and / or intraoperative planning, the aiming arm 200 is coupled to the connecting device 100 at the proximal connection hole 220 corresponding to the selected intramedullary nail 400, so that after the intramedullary nail 400 is fixed to the inner end portion 320 of the handle 300, each distal aiming hole 210 can be aligned with the corresponding distal screw hole 410. In addition, the reason why multiple proximal connection holes 220 are provided is to enable the intramedullary nail aimer to cooperate with a variety of intramedullary nails, that is, multiple proximal connection holes 220 correspond to intramedullary nails of multiple different sizes (specifically, different sizes along the proximal and distal directions DP). As mentioned above, each proximal connection hole 220 corresponds to an intramedullary nail of one size. It is worth noting that although 10 proximal connection holes 220 are shown in the figure, in other embodiments, the number of proximal connection holes 220 can be changed according to the optional intramedullary nail type. For example, if there are N optional intramedullary nails, then N proximal connection holes 220 can be provided. Therefore, embodiments in which any number of proximal connection holes 220 are provided should be considered to be under the teachings of the present invention and are therefore included in the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Optionally, the aiming arm 200 is oriented with respect to an imaginary plane IP ( Figure 2(shown in the figure). Thus, the aiming arm 200 can be applied to both the intramedullary nail implantation surgery of the patient's left limb and the intramedullary nail implantation surgery of the patient's right limb. In particular, symbols "L" and "R" representing whether it is applied to the left limb implantation surgery or the right limb implantation surgery are provided on the outer surface of the aiming arm 200 on both sides of the imaginary plane IP, and these two symbols can be set so that when the aiming arm 200 is used for the left limb implantation surgery, the symbol "L" faces the operator; when the aiming arm 200 is used for the right limb implantation surgery, the symbol "R" faces the operator. Due to the setting of such symbols, the operator can be helped to quickly and accurately determine the setting direction of the aiming arm, and thus can ensure that the implantation surgery proceeds smoothly.

[0038] Next, refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 The connecting device 100 is described. As shown in the figure, the connecting device 100 includes a main body 110, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the body 110 is configured to be fixed to the outer end 310 of the handle 300. For example, the body 110 can be fixed to the outer end 310 of the handle 300 by a detachable connection method such as a threaded connection or a snap connection. In particular, the body 110 is provided with at least two pins 111 with openings at the ends, wherein the end of each pin 111 is divided into a plurality of petals by its opening, and when the pin 111 is inserted into the corresponding receiving hole 311 in the outer end 310, the plurality of petals at the end of the pin 111 are pressed by the hole wall of the receiving hole 311 and approach each other, but due to the effect of the elastic restoring force, the plurality of petals tend to separate from each other, so the elastic restoring force presses the plurality of petals against the hole wall, so that the pin 111 is firmly held in the corresponding receiving hole 311. Thus, the body 110 can be fixed to the outer end 310 and removed from the outer end 310 in a simple plug-in and pull-out manner, which greatly simplifies the assembly process of the intramedullary nail aimer.

[0039] Optionally, when the doctor selects a short-sized intramedullary nail as the intramedullary nail to be implanted, the receiving hole 311 can also be configured to point to the distal screw hole of the intramedullary nail when the short-sized intramedullary nail is coupled to the inner end 320 of the handle 300. In this way, when the intramedullary nail 400 is short and the aiming arm 200 is not required to aim at its distal screw hole 410, the receiving hole 311 on the handle 300 can be used to aim at the distal screw hole 410 of the intramedullary nail 400. In this way, the intramedullary nail aimer can be applied to a wide range of intramedullary nails 400.

[0040] Alternatively, if Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the connecting device 100 also includes a positioning shaft 120 protruding from the main body 110, wherein the positioning shaft 120 is configured to be inserted into a proximal connecting hole 220 of the multiple proximal connecting holes 220 of the aiming arm 200 corresponding to the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted. Through the cooperation between the positioning shaft 120 and the proximal connecting hole 220, the aiming arm 200 is coupled to the main body 110 in a manner that it can rotate around the positioning shaft 120 (in other words, the positioning shaft 120 defines the rotation axis XX' of the aiming arm 200), and since the proximal connecting hole 220 corresponds to the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted, as described above, when the intramedullary nail 400 is fixed to the proximal portion 320, the distal aiming hole 210 of the aiming arm 200 can be aligned with the distal screw hole 410 of the intramedullary nail 400.

[0041] Alternatively, if Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the connection device 100 further includes a drive assembly 130 rotatably and slidably coupled to the main body 110, and the drive assembly 130 is coupled to the aiming arm 200 so as to convert the rotation of the drive assembly 130 into the rotation of the aiming arm 200. Further, the drive assembly 130 includes a pivot shaft 131 and an eccentric shaft 132 eccentrically arranged relative to the pivot shaft 131, wherein the pivot shaft 131 is configured to be rotatably and slidably coupled to the receiving hole 112 in the main body 110, whereby the drive assembly 130 is rotatable around the pivot shaft axis Y1-Y1' of the pivot shaft 131 and can be slidably coupled to the receiving hole 112 in the main body 110, thereby the drive assembly 130 can be rotatable around the pivot shaft axis Y1-Y1' of the pivot shaft 131 and can be slidably coupled to the main body 110 in a radial direction ZZ' ( Figure 4 131 is shown) and is coupled to the main body 110 in a sliding manner. In particular, the pivot shaft 131 is in a cylindrical shape, and the receiving hole 112 is in an elongated hole shape, which has a pair of opposite flat side walls separated by a distance equal to the diameter of the pivot shaft 131, and the pair of flat side walls define the radial direction ZZ'. In this way, the pivot shaft 131 is coupled to the receiving hole 112 in a rotatable and slidable manner along the pair of flat side walls. The eccentric shaft 132 is configured to be rotatably coupled to one of the multiple proximal connecting holes 220 of the aiming arm 200, whereby the rotation of the eccentric shaft 132 around the pivot shaft 131 can be converted into the rotation of the aiming arm 200 around its rotation axis XX'. Specifically, as Figure 4-Figure 6As shown, since the eccentric shaft 132 is eccentrically arranged relative to the pivot shaft 131, that is, the eccentric shaft axis Y2-Y2' of the eccentric shaft 132 is parallel to the pivot shaft axis Y1-Y1' of the pivot shaft 131 but separated from each other, when the rotation drive assembly 130 is rotated, the eccentric shaft 132 will rotate around the pivot shaft 131 along with the self-rotation of the pivot shaft 131, thereby, the position of the eccentric shaft 132 relative to the pivot shaft 131 and further relative to the positioning shaft 120 in the up-down direction AB will change along with the rotation. Therefore, the position of the proximal connecting hole 220 receiving the eccentric shaft 132 relative to the positioning shaft 120 in the up-down direction AB will change with the rotation of the driving assembly 130. Furthermore, since the proximal connecting hole 220 corresponding to the intramedullary nail 400 is fixed on the positioning shaft 120, the position change of the proximal connecting hole 220 receiving the eccentric shaft 132 relative to the positioning shaft 120 in the up-down direction AB will be manifested as the rotation of the aiming arm 200 around the positioning shaft 120. In summary, when the driving assembly 130 is rotated, the eccentric shaft 132 will drive the aiming arm 200 to rotate.

[0042] Alternatively, if Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the drive assembly 130 further includes a lever 133 extending radially from the pivot shaft 131, wherein the lever 133 is used to engage the hand of an operator (e.g., a surgeon) so that the operator can rotate the drive assembly 130 by pushing or pulling the lever 133. In order to lock the drive assembly 130 in place after rotating it to a desired position (e.g., so that the distal aiming hole 210 of the aiming arm 200 is aligned with the distal screw hole 410 of the intramedullary nail 400), the drive assembly 130 further includes a locking device 134, which is provided on a radial free end of the lever 133 in the example shown in the figure. Among them, the locking device 134 is, for example, threadedly connected to the lever 133 so as to switch between a locking position and a release position by rotating relative to the lever 133. In the locking position (for example, achieved by screwing the locking device 134 toward the main body 110), the locking device 134 presses against the main body 110 to generate a large friction force between the two, and the friction force fixes the drive assembly 130 relative to the main body 110; in the release position (for example, achieved by screwing the locking device 134 away from the main body 110), the locking device 134 disengages from the main body 110, thereby allowing the drive assembly 130 to rotate relative to the main body 110.

[0043] Alternatively, if Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, in order to determine the rotation angle of the drive assembly 130, the main body 110 is further provided with a group of angle scales 113 arranged around the receiving hole 112, in other words, around the rotation axis of the drive assembly 130 (i.e., the pivot axis Y1-Y1' of the pivot shaft 131), and the drive assembly 130 also includes a pointer 135 configured to point to the angle scales 113. In the case described in the figure, the pointer 135 is arranged on the radial free end of the lever 133. Therefore, through the cooperation of the pointer 135 and the angle scales 113, the operator can easily know the rotation angle of the drive assembly 130, which makes the implantation operation more convenient and smooth.

[0044] Alternatively, if Figure 4 As shown, in order to rotate the drive assembly 130 more stably, for example, to prevent the drive assembly 130 from being accidentally rotated by an excessive angle, the drive assembly 130 further includes a damping device 136, and the damping device 136 includes a head 136a that is elastically biased out from its interior so as to abut against the main body 110. Due to the presence of the head 136a, the operator must overcome the friction force generated between the head 136a and the main body 110 due to the elastic biasing force applied to the head 136a in order to rotate the drive assembly 130, which helps to rotate the drive assembly 130 more stably. In the case shown in the figure, the damping device 136 is arranged at the radial free end of the lever 133, which is conducive to the damping device 136 generating greater damping for the rotation of the drive assembly 130. Further, the main body 110 is provided with a group of positioning grooves (not shown) distributed around the receiving hole 112, in other words, around the rotation axis of the drive assembly 130 (i.e., the pivot axis Y1-Y1' of the pivot shaft 131), and the positioning grooves are configured to receive the head 136a, that is, the head 136a is configured to partially extend into one of the positioning grooves. In this way, the operator must apply a force sufficient to cause the head 136a to leave the positioning groove to the drive assembly 130 in order to rotate the drive assembly 130, which helps the damping device 136 to generate greater damping for the rotation of the drive assembly 130, thereby adjusting the drive assembly 130 more reliably and more smoothly.

[0045] Alternatively, if Figure 1-Figure 5B As shown, in order to reliably couple the aiming arm 200 and the driving assembly 130 and prevent the two from accidentally being separated, the driving assembly 130 further includes a fastening rod 137 rotatably and slidably coupled to the eccentric shaft 132, and the fastening rod 137 is suitable for presenting a locking position and a releasing position by rotating and sliding. In the releasing position (such as Figure 5A ), the fastening rod 137 is in the extension direction of the eccentric shaft 132, so that the aiming arm 200 can cross the fastening rod 137 and disengage from the eccentric shaft 132; and in the locking position (as shown in Figure 5B ), the fastening rod 137 and the eccentric shaft 132 are in a T-shaped structure so as to block the aiming arm 200 and prevent the aiming arm 200 from being separated from the eccentric shaft 132. In the case shown in the figure, the fastening rod 137 is provided with a slot 137a extending along its height (length) direction, and the eccentric shaft 132 is provided with a shaft rod 132a protruding along a direction perpendicular to its axis Y2-Y2', wherein the shaft rod 132a is received in the slot 137a, and the shaft rod 132a can rotate relative to the slot 137a and can slide along the slot 137a, thereby enabling the fastening rod 137 to be rotatably and slidably coupled to the eccentric shaft 132. Furthermore, the fastening rod 137 can be rotated around the shaft 132a to be in the extension direction of the eccentric shaft 132 or transverse to the extension direction of the eccentric shaft 132. When transverse to the extension direction of the eccentric shaft 132, the fastening rod 137 can be further slid relative to the shaft 132a so that the two end portions 137b and 137c of the fastening rod 137 are spaced apart from the eccentric shaft 132, thereby making the fastening rod 137 and the eccentric shaft 132 form a T-shape as a whole. In particular, the narrow slot 137a is configured to be inclined relative to the axis of the fastening rod 137, so that as the fastening rod 137 slides transversely to the axis Y2-Y2' of the eccentric shaft 132, the distance between the fastening rod 137 and the main body 110 (in other words, the end of the eccentric shaft 132 facing the main body 110) changes, and when the distance decreases, the fastening rod 137 not only prevents the aiming arm 200 from leaving the eccentric shaft 132 but also firmly clamps the aiming arm 200 on the eccentric shaft 132. In this way, the aiming arm 200 can be conveniently fastened and released by rotating and sliding the fastening rod 137, which further reduces the burden on the operator and ensures that the operation can be performed more smoothly.

[0046] Optionally, in order to enable an operator to grip the connection device 100 more conveniently, the connection device 100 is further provided with a handle 140 fixed to the main body 110 .

[0047] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, after the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted is mounted to the inner end portion 320 of the handle 300, the connecting device 100 (more specifically, the positioning shaft 120) positions the aiming arm 200 so that its rotation axis XX' points to or passes through the anterior arch bending starting position S of the intramedullary nail 400. As is well known, the medullary cavity generally has a natural inclination, so the intramedullary nail 400 will also be inclined after being implanted into the medullary cavity, and the so-called anterior arch bending starting position S, as the name implies, refers to the starting position where the intramedullary nail 400 tilts after being implanted into the medullary cavity. In other words, the intramedullary nail 400 will tilt around its anterior arch bending starting position S after being implanted into the medullary cavity. Since the rotation axis XX' passes through the anterior arch bending starting position S, the intramedullary nail 400 can be tilted around the rotation axis XX' after being implanted into the medullary cavity, for example, by rotating the intramedullary nail aimer around the proximal and distal direction DP. In order to define the anterior arch bending starting position S on the intramedullary nail 400, for example, a narrowed portion can be processed on the intramedullary nail 400, such as a portion that locally reduces the diameter of the intramedullary nail, etc. In this way, multiple intramedullary nails 400 can have the same anterior arch bending starting position S, that is, the distance between the proximal ends of multiple intramedullary nails 400 and their anterior arch bending starting positions S is substantially the same. Further, since the aiming arm 200 is coupled to the connecting device 100 at a position corresponding to the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted (for example, the proximal connecting hole 220), the distal aiming hole 210 of the aiming arm 200 can be aligned with the distal screw hole 410 of the intramedullary nail 400 when the intramedullary nail 400 is fixed to the inner end 320 but not implanted into the bone marrow cavity. However, as described above, after being implanted into the medullary cavity, the intramedullary nail 400 may be tilted around the rotation axis XX', at which point the aiming arm 200 may be rotated around the rotation axis XX' (e.g., by the rotation drive assembly 130), so that the distal aiming hole 210 of the aiming arm 200 can be aligned with the distal screw hole 410 of the intramedullary nail 400 again after being rotated by a certain angle, without generating an axial deviation between the distal aiming hole 210 and the distal screw hole 410 as in the prior art described below. Although the arrangement of the intramedullary nail aiming device is described above for one intramedullary nail selected from a plurality of intramedullary nails to which the intramedullary nail aiming device is applicable, it can be understood that the above arrangement is applicable to any intramedullary nail selected from the plurality of intramedullary nails.That is, for any intramedullary nail selected from the plurality of intramedullary nails, after the intramedullary nail and the connecting device 100 are mounted on the handle 300 and the aiming arm 200 is coupled to the connecting device 100 at a position corresponding to the intramedullary nail, the distal aiming hole 210 of the aiming arm 200 can be aligned with the distal screw hole of the intramedullary nail before the intramedullary nail is implanted; further, since the connecting device 100 positions the rotation axis XX' of the aiming arm 200 to point to (or pass through) the anterior arch bending starting position of the intramedullary nail, after the intramedullary nail is implanted and tilted at the anterior arch bending starting position, the aiming arm 200 can still rotate a certain angle to align its distal aiming hole 210 with the distal screw hole of the intramedullary nail again. That is, according to the above technical solution, whether before or after the intramedullary nail is implanted, the distal aiming hole of the aiming arm can be aligned with the distal screw hole of the intramedullary nail.

[0048] Through the above technical solution, after the doctor selects an intramedullary nail 400 for a patient suffering from a fracture, bone crack, etc. through preoperative and / or intraoperative planning, the intramedullary nail aimer can be assembled according to the intramedullary nail 400, and the intramedullary nail 400 can be installed on the intramedullary nail aimer. Optionally, the intramedullary nail 400 can also be installed before the intramedullary nail aimer is assembled. At this time, according to the above technical solution, after the assembly is completed, the rotation axis XX' of the aiming arm 200 points to or passes through the front arch bend starting position S of the intramedullary nail 400, and the distal aiming hole 210 of the aiming arm 200 can be aligned with the distal screw hole 410 of the intramedullary nail 400. However, as can be seen from the foregoing, with reference to Figure 7In the dotted line portion, after the intramedullary nail 400 is implanted in the patient's body (e.g., in the medullary cavity of the femur), due to the natural inclination of the medullary cavity, the intramedullary nail 400 will be tilted at the anterior arch bending starting position S, thereby causing the positions of the plurality of distal screw holes 410 to change. When the intramedullary nail 400 is implanted in the patient's medullary cavity, the patient's position can be adjusted and / or the intramedullary nail aimer can be rotated around the proximal and distal directions so that the intramedullary nail 400 is tilted around the rotation axis XX' of the aiming arm 200 at the anterior arch bending starting position S after being implanted in the patient's body. In this case, since the distal aiming hole 210 of the aiming arm 200 can be aligned with the multiple distal screw holes 410 when the intramedullary nail 400 is not implanted, and the aiming arm 200 can rotate around the rotation axis XX' pointing to or passing through the anterior arch bending starting position S, the distal aiming hole 210 can still be aligned with the distal screw hole 410 after the aiming arm 200 rotates an appropriate angle (during the alignment process, it may be necessary to use rays to observe the positions of the aiming hole and the screw hole), unlike the aiming device in the prior art shown by the double-dash line, which does not cause a deviation between the axial position (the proximal and distal direction DP shown in the figure) of the aiming hole and the axial position of the distal nail hole after rotation due to the rotation axis S' of the aiming arm not being aligned with the anterior arch bending starting position S, and the axial deviation may cause difficulty in bone screw implantation or even implantation failure, or the doctor may force the bone screw to be implanted, thereby causing scratches on the surface of the intramedullary nail and thus affecting its service life. In general, by using the intramedullary nail aimer of the present invention, after the intramedullary nail is implanted in the patient's body, the distal aiming holes on the aiming arm can still be completely aligned with the distal screw holes on the intramedullary nail, so that the implantation of the bone screws (especially the distal bone screws) can be carried out smoothly, and the intramedullary nail is protected from being damaged by the bone screws, thereby extending its service life. At the same time, since the operation can be carried out smoothly, the exposure time of doctors and patients to radiation can be shortened.

[0049] According to another aspect of the present invention, a bone treatment system is provided, which includes the intramedullary nail aiming device as described above and one or more intramedullary nails applicable to the intramedullary nail aiming device, wherein the doctor can select any intramedullary nail from the one or more intramedullary nails as the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted according to preoperative and / or intraoperative planning, the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted is combined with the inner end 320 of the handle 300, the main body 110 of the connecting device 100 is fixed to the outer end 310 of the handle 300, the aiming arm 200 is rotatably coupled to the connecting device 100 at a position corresponding to the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted, so that the distal aiming hole 210 of the aiming arm 200 is aligned with the distal screw hole 410 of the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted, and wherein the connecting device 100 positions the rotation axis XX' of the aiming arm 200 to align with the anterior arch bending starting position S of the intramedullary nail 400 to be implanted.

[0050] The above describes in detail with the aid of the accompanying drawings a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the intramedullary nail aimer according to the present invention and a bone treatment system including the same. For those of ordinary skill in the art, modifications and additions to the technology and structure should obviously be considered to be included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope and essence of the present disclosure as set forth in the following claims. Therefore, these modifications and additions that can be conceived under the teachings of the present invention should be considered as part of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims attached hereto, and includes equivalent technologies known at the filing date of the present disclosure and equivalent technologies that have not yet been foreseen.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail aiming device, wherein: The intramedullary nail aiming device is applicable to a variety of intramedullary nails and comprises: A handle (300) which is generally U-shaped and has an outer end (310) and an inner end (320), wherein the inner end (320) is suitable for combining with any intramedullary nail (400) selected from the plurality of intramedullary nails; A connecting device (100) comprising a main body (110) and a positioning shaft (120) protruding from the main body (110), wherein the main body (110) is fixed to the outer end portion (310); and An aiming arm (200) is provided with a plurality of distal aiming holes (210) and a plurality of proximal connecting holes (220) corresponding to the plurality of intramedullary nails, wherein the positioning shaft (120) is inserted into a proximal connecting hole (220) corresponding to the intramedullary nail (400) so that the aiming arm (200) is rotatably coupled to the main body (110) at a position corresponding to the intramedullary nail (400), wherein the main body (110) positions the aiming arm (200) so that, when the intramedullary nail (400) is coupled to the inner end portion (320), the plurality of distal aiming holes (210) are aligned with the plurality of distal screw holes (410) of the intramedullary nail (400), and the rotation axis (XX') of the aiming arm (200) points to the anterior arch bending starting position (S) of the intramedullary nail (400).

2. The intramedullary nail aiming device according to claim 1, wherein: The connection device (100) further comprises a drive assembly (130) rotatably coupled to the main body (110), wherein the drive assembly (130) is coupled to the aiming arm (200) so as to convert the rotation of the drive assembly (130) into the rotation of the aiming arm (200).

3. The intramedullary nail aiming device according to claim 2, wherein: The drive assembly (130) includes a pivot shaft (131) and an eccentric shaft (132) eccentrically arranged relative to the pivot shaft (131), wherein the pivot shaft (131) is rotatably and slidably coupled to a receiving hole (112) in the main body (110), and the eccentric shaft (132) is rotatably coupled to a proximal connecting hole (220).

4. The intramedullary nail aiming device according to claim 2, wherein: The drive assembly (130) further comprises a locking device (134), wherein the locking device (134) is adapted to switch between a locking position and a releasing position, wherein in the locking position, the locking device (134) is pressed against the main body (110) to fix the drive assembly (130) relative to the main body (110); and in the releasing position, the locking device (134) is disengaged from the main body (110) to enable the drive assembly (130) to rotate relative to the main body (110).

5. The intramedullary nail aiming device according to claim 3, wherein: The drive assembly (130) further comprises a fastening rod (137) rotatably and slidably coupled to the eccentric shaft (132), wherein the fastening rod (137) is adapted to switch between a locking position and a releasing position. In the releasing position, the fastening rod (137) is located in the extension direction of the eccentric shaft (132), so that the aiming arm (200) can cross over the fastening rod (137) and disengage from the eccentric shaft (132); in the locking position, the fastening rod (137) and the eccentric shaft (132) are in a T-shaped structure, so as to prevent the aiming arm (200) from disengaging from the eccentric shaft (132).

6. The intramedullary nail aiming device according to claim 2, wherein: The main body (110) is also provided with a set of angle scale lines (113) arranged around the rotation axis of the drive assembly (130), and the drive assembly (130) further includes a pointer (135) configured to point to the angle scale lines (113).

7. The intramedullary nail aiming device according to claim 2, wherein: The drive assembly (130) further includes a damping device (136) including a head (136a) elastically biased out from an interior thereof to abut against the body (110).

8. A bone treatment system, comprising the intramedullary nail aiming device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and an intramedullary nail to which the intramedullary nail aiming device is applicable.

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