Test equipment and test method for battery management system

Abstract

The present invention provides a test device and a test method for a battery management system. A battery parameter identification module measures a standard battery to obtain a calibration input, and uses multiple test recipes to perform charge and discharge tests on a battery to be tested to obtain battery parameters of the battery to be tested. A real-time simulation module obtains a battery model and a simulated battery state according to the battery parameters and a dynamic load. A physical signal simulation module includes multiple simulators. Each simulator provides a battery physical signal to a battery management controller to be tested via a connector according to the battery model. A main control device provides a dynamic load to the real-time simulation module, and compares the simulated battery state with an estimated battery state provided by the battery management controller to be tested according to the battery physical signal to determine whether the battery management controller to be tested is normal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a testing device, and in particular to a testing device for a battery management system. Background Art

[0002] Batteries have been widely used in various electric vehicles, uninterruptible power systems, and related energy storage devices. For example, electric vehicles rely on batteries to drive, so a battery management system (BMS) is also needed to prevent abnormal battery conditions (such as overcharge / discharge or overheating) to protect the safe driving of electric vehicles.

[0003] In addition, the battery management system also monitors the battery status to estimate the battery state of charge (SOC) and cycle life (SOH). Due to factors such as the variable load when the electric vehicle's motor is driven and the characteristics and differences of each battery cell, the estimation of the battery's residual power or cycle life may be wrong. Traditionally, it takes a lot of manpower and time to test the battery management system to ensure that the battery management system can work more accurately.

[0004] Therefore, a testing device and a testing method that can automatically test a battery management system are needed to reduce the testing cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a test device for a battery management system. The test device includes a battery parameter identification module, a real-time simulation module, a physical signal simulation module, a connector and a main control device. The battery parameter identification module is used to measure a standard battery to obtain a first calibration input, and after calibrating multiple battery measuring devices according to the first calibration input, a first charge and discharge test is performed on a battery to be tested using a capacity test formula and a relaxation time test formula to obtain a battery parameter of the battery to be tested. The real-time simulation module is used to obtain a battery model and a simulated battery state according to the battery parameters and a dynamic load. The physical signal simulation module includes multiple simulators, and each simulator provides a battery physical signal according to the battery model. The connector is coupled between the physical signal simulation module and a battery management controller to be tested. The connector is used to provide the battery physical signal to the battery management controller to be tested. The battery management controller to be tested provides an estimated battery state of the battery to be tested according to the battery physical signal. The main control device is used to provide the dynamic load to the real-time simulation module, and compare the simulated battery state with the estimated battery state to determine whether the battery management controller to be tested is normal.

[0006] Furthermore, the present invention provides a testing method for a battery management system. A battery management controller to be tested and a battery to be tested are obtained. A standard battery is measured to obtain a plurality of measurement parameters. When the measurement parameters match the actual parameters of the standard battery, a plurality of test recipes are generated. According to each of the test recipes, a charge and discharge test is performed on the battery to be tested. According to the result of the charge and discharge test, a first battery parameter corresponding to the battery to be tested is generated. According to the first battery parameter and a dynamic load corresponding to a test case, a battery model is generated. According to the battery model, a plurality of battery physical signals are generated to the battery management controller to be tested, so as to obtain an estimated battery state corresponding to the battery to be tested from the battery management controller to be tested. A simulated battery state of the battery to be tested and the estimated battery state provided by the battery management controller to be tested are compared to obtain a test result. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 is a test device showing a battery management controller according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0008] Figure 2 is a flow chart showing the use of the automatic sensing and calibration module of the controller under test to perform an automatic sensing and calibration procedure on the battery management controller under test according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 3is a flow chart showing a battery cell parameter automatic identification and correction procedure using a battery cell parameter correction module according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 4A and 4B is a flow chart showing the method of generating battery parameters using a battery cell parameter automatic identification module according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 5 is a flow chart showing an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis procedure using a battery cell parameter automatic identification module according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing an equivalent circuit model of a battery to be tested established by a battery model simulator according to some embodiments of the present invention based on battery parameters;

[0013] Fig. 7A and 7B is a test device showing a battery management controller according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 8 The flowchart shows a method for testing a battery management control system according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0015]

Explanation of symbols

[0016] 10: Battery management controller under test

[0017] 20: Standard battery

[0018] 30: Battery to be tested

[0019] 40: Main control device

[0020] 100,100A:Test equipment

[0021] 110,110A:Connector

[0022] 112: Error Injector

[0023] 114: Junction Box

[0024] 120,120A: Real-time simulation module

[0025] 130: Automatic sensing and correction module of the controller under test

[0026] 140,140A: Physical signal simulation module

[0027] 141:Communication Simulator

[0028] 142: Low voltage power supply simulator for DUT controller 143: Battery pack insulation impedance simulator

[0029] 144:Battery Pack Current Simulator

[0030] 145:Battery Pack Voltage Simulator

[0031] 146:Battery Pack Temperature Simulator

[0032] 147:Battery Cell Voltage Simulator

[0033] 150: Battery parameter identification module

[0034] 160,160A:Battery Model Simulator

[0035] 161:Battery cell simulation module

[0036] 162:Battery pack simulation module

[0037] 164: Vehicle controller / component simulation module

[0038] 165,165A: Test scenario simulator

[0039] 166: Driving mode simulation module

[0040] 167: Driving simulation module

[0041] 168: Error simulation module

[0042] 169: Vehicle dynamics simulation module

[0043] 170: Battery cell parameter correction module

[0044] 180,180A: Battery cell parameter automatic identification module

[0045] 181:Battery cell automatic parameter identification software

[0046] 182:Battery cell electrochemical impedance analyzer

[0047] 183:Battery cell charging and discharging machine

[0048] 184: Constant temperature and humidity testing machine

[0049] 185:Battery core temperature meter

[0050] 600: Equivalent circuit model

[0051] 610: Open circuit voltage module

[0052] 615: Voltage Source

[0053] 620_c, 620_d: Internal resistance module

[0054] 630_c, 630_d: Resistor and capacitor circuit module

[0055] 640: Self-discharge current module

[0056] 645,652,654: Current source

[0057] 650: Balanced current module

[0058] 660,665:Diode

[0059] 670:Battery core thermal module

[0060] C1_c-C3_c, C1_d-C3_d: variable capacitors

[0061] CorrBAT: Correction input

[0062] CorrBMS: Correction input

[0063] Ctrl1-Ctrl4: control signal

[0064] DLoad: Dynamic Load

[0065] Em: Voltage

[0066] EstState: Estimated battery status

[0067] I: Current

[0068] ModBAT: Battery Model

[0069] n1-n7: nodes

[0070] ParaBAT: Battery parameters

[0071] PHY: Battery physical signal

[0072] R0_c-R3_c, R0_d-R3_d: variable resistor

[0073] S210-S250,S310-S350,S410-S465,S510-S555,S802-S828: Steps

[0074] SimState: simulate battery status

[0075] Tout: test signal DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] In order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows:

[0077] Figure 1 The test device 100 of the battery management controller according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. The test device 100 is used to test a controller of a battery management system (BMS) (hereinafter referred to as the battery management controller to be tested or the controller to be tested) 10 to determine whether the operation and setting of the battery management controller to be tested 10 are normal.

[0078] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the test device 100 includes a main control device 40, a connector 110, a real-time simulation module 120, an automatic sensing and correction module 130 of the controller to be tested, a physical signal simulation module 140, and a battery parameter identification module 150. In some embodiments, the real-time simulation module 120 includes a battery model simulator 160 and a test scenario simulator 165. In some embodiments, the battery parameter identification module 150 includes a battery cell parameter correction module 170 and a battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180.

[0079] The main control device 40 provides control signals Ctrl1, Ctrl2, Ctrl3 and Ctrl4 to the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180, the battery cell parameter correction module 170, the test scenario simulator 165 and the automatic sensing correction module 130 of the controller under test, respectively, to set corresponding operations, such as control procedures and parameters. When the user installs the battery under test 30 and the battery management controller under test 10 in the test device 100, the main control device 40 can determine whether the estimated battery state EstState of the battery under test 30 provided by the battery management controller under test 10 is correct according to the simulated battery state SimState corresponding to the battery under test 30 from the battery model simulator 160, and output a test signal Tout to indicate the comparison result between the simulated battery state SimState and the estimated battery state EstState. When the test signal Tout indicates that the difference between the simulated battery state SimState and the estimated battery state EstState is too large, the user needs to modify the battery estimation related settings and operations of the battery management controller under test 10 so as to match the simulated battery state SimState.

[0080] In the test device 100, before testing the battery management controller 10 under test, the automatic sensing and calibration module 130 of the controller under test generates a calibration input CorrBMS according to the control signal Ctrl4 from the main control device 40, and provides the calibration input CorrBMS to the battery management controller 10 under test via the connector 110, so as to execute the automatic sensing and calibration procedure to calibrate the battery management controller 10 under test. Therefore, it can be ensured that the test result of the test device 100 will not be affected by the inaccuracy of the sensor of the battery management controller 10 under test.

[0081] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 1 is a flowchart showing the automatic sensing and correction program of the battery management controller 10 to be tested using the automatic sensing and correction module 130 of the controller to be tested according to some embodiments of the present invention. First, in step S210, according to the setting value of the control signal Ctrl4 from the main control device 40, the automatic sensing and correction module 130 of the controller to be tested controls the signal simulator (not shown) to output the correction input CorrBMS with a fixed physical quantity (such as a voltage value, a current value and / or a temperature value) to the battery management controller 10 to be tested. Then, in step S220, the main control device 40 obtains (or reads) the sensed value of the correction input CorrBMS corresponding to the fixed voltage value, the fixed current value and / or the fixed temperature value from the battery management controller 10 to be tested. Then, in step S230, the main control device 40 compares the setting value (simulated battery state SimState) of the fixed voltage value, the fixed current value and / or the fixed temperature value with the sensed value (estimated battery state EstState) of the battery management controller 10 to be tested, and obtains the error value between the setting value and the sensed value. When the error value exceeds the critical value, the sensor of the battery management controller 10 to be tested is adjusted (or corrected) to adjust the deviation parameters of the voltage, current and / or temperature sensors (step S240), such as adjusting the offset of the sensor. After adjusting the sensor, the process returns to step S220, and then the main control device 40 obtains the corrected sensing value from the battery management controller 10 to be tested, and compares the set value with the corrected sensing value. If the error value between the set value and the corrected sensing value still exceeds the critical value, the deviation parameter of the battery management controller 10 to be tested continues to be adjusted and steps S220 to S240 of the process are repeated until the error value does not exceed the critical value (step S250). When the error value does not exceed the critical value (step S250), the corrected deviation parameter is obtained, and the automatic sensing correction procedure is completed. In some embodiments, the automatic sensing calibration module 130 of the controller under test executes an automatic sensing calibration program to calibrate sensors such as battery cell voltage sensing, battery pack temperature sensing, battery pack voltage sensing, battery pack current sensing, fan speed sensing and / or insulation impedance sensing in the main control device 40.

[0082] Reference Figure 1 , the test scenario simulator 165 can simulate the operating conditions of the battery 30 to be tested according to the control signal Ctrl3 from the main control device 40, so as to provide a dynamic load DLoad to the battery model simulator 160. In other words, the main control device 40 can provide the control signal Ctrl3 to set different operating conditions, so that the test scenario simulator 165 can provide the corresponding dynamic load DLoad to the battery model simulator 160 according to different scenarios. Then, the battery model simulator 160 can generate a battery model ModBAT according to the dynamic load DLoad and the battery parameter ParaBAT corresponding to the battery 30 to be tested from the battery parameter identification module 150, and provide the battery model ModBAT to the physical signal simulation module 140. In the real-time simulation module 120, by using the dynamic load DLoad to establish the battery model ModBAT, the test coverage of the battery management controller 10 to be tested can be increased. In addition, after receiving the battery model ModBAT, the physical signal simulation module 140 converts the battery model ModBAT into an actual battery physical signal PHY, and provides the battery physical signal PHY with various physical quantities to the connector 110.

[0083] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the connector 110 is coupled between the battery management controller 10 to be tested and the automatic sensing correction module 130 and the physical signal simulation module 140 of the controller to be tested, and is used to transmit the correction input CorrBMS and / or the battery physical signal PHY to the battery management controller 10 to be tested. In some embodiments, the connector 110 includes an error injector (e.g. Fig. 7A The error injector 112 is used to inject an error event into the battery management controller 10 to simulate the occurrence of the error event, such as the situation when the battery management system receives an error signal.

[0084] exist Figure 1In the embodiment, the battery cell parameter correction module 170 performs a standard test on the standard battery 20 according to the control signal Ctrl2 from the main control device 40 to execute the battery cell parameter automatic identification and correction program to generate the correction input CorrBAT to the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180. The standard battery 20 is a standard battery sample (such as a gold sample). In the battery parameter identification module 150, before executing the battery cell parameter automatic identification and correction program, the battery cell parameter correction module 170 is required to test the standard battery 20 so that the test result of the standard battery 20 can be used as the calibration basis of the test device 100. In addition, corresponding to the control signal Ctrl1 from the main control device 40, the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 can test the battery 30 to be tested according to the correction input CorrBAT to identify the battery cell parameters of the battery 30 to be tested. Then, the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 will provide the battery parameter ParaBAT corresponding to the battery 30 to be tested to the battery model simulator 160 according to the identified battery cell parameters.

[0085] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 31 is a flowchart showing a method of using the battery cell parameter correction module 170 to perform an automatic identification and correction procedure for battery cell parameters according to some embodiments of the present invention. First, in step S310, according to the charge and discharge setting of the control signal Ctrl2 from the main control device 40, the battery cell parameter correction module 170 performs a charge and discharge test and an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test on the standard battery 20. Next, in step S320, the battery cell parameter correction module 170 performs a capacity calculation and an impedance calculation on the test result obtained in step S310 and obtains an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy fitting result, that is, a measurement parameter of the standard battery 20. Next, in step S330, the battery cell parameter correction module 170 compares the calculation result obtained in step S320 with the actual value (or equivalent preset value) of the capacity and impedance of the standard battery 20 to obtain an error value between the calculation result and the actual value. When the error value exceeds a critical value, the battery cell parameter correction module 170 adjusts the test parameters (step S340), such as adjusting the charge and discharge test parameters. Then, the process returns to step S310, and the battery cell parameter correction module 170 will perform charge and discharge tests and electrochemical impedance spectrum tests on the standard battery 20 again, and perform capacity calculation and impedance calculation on the test results again to obtain the electrochemical impedance spectrum fitting results (step S320). Then, the battery cell parameter correction module 170 will compare the corrected calculation results with the actual values ​​or preset values ​​of the capacity and impedance of the standard battery 20 (step S330) to obtain the error value between the corrected calculation results and the actual values. If the error value between the corrected calculation results and the actual values ​​still exceeds the critical value, steps S310 to S340 of the process are repeated until the error value does not exceed the critical value (step S350), and the battery cell parameter automatic identification correction procedure is completed, and the correction input CorrBAT is provided to the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180.

[0086] Figure 4A and 4B1 is a flow chart showing the method of generating the battery parameter ParaBAT using the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 according to some embodiments of the present invention. First, in step S410, the relevant battery parameters (such as battery type, voltage, capacity, etc.) of the battery 30 to be tested provided (or input) by the user are obtained. Then, in step S415, a plurality of first test recipes (such as capacity test recipe and relaxation time test recipe) are generated according to the battery parameters obtained in step S410. Then, a first charge and discharge test is performed on the battery 30 to be tested according to each first test recipe (step S420). In the first charge and discharge test, the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 measures the battery 30 to be tested in response to the correction input CorrBAT. Then, in step S425, it is determined whether each first test recipe has completed the first charge and discharge test at different temperatures. If not yet completed, the test environment temperature is changed to a temperature that has not been tested (step S430) until each first test recipe has completed the first charge and discharge test at all temperatures. Next, the results of the first charge and discharge test at all temperatures in step S420 are analyzed and processed (step S435) to generate a second test recipe (step S440), such as a pulse charge test recipe and a pulse discharge test recipe. Next, a second charge and discharge test is performed on the battery cell 30 to be tested according to each second test recipe (step S445). In the second charge and discharge test, the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 measures the battery cell 30 to be tested in response to the correction input CorrBAT. In some embodiments, the pulse charge test recipe is used to test the charging voltage response of the battery cell 30 to be tested at different temperatures, and the pulse discharge test recipe is used to test the discharge voltage response of the battery cell 30 to be tested at different temperatures. Next, in step S450, it is determined whether each second test recipe has completed the second charge and discharge test at different temperatures. If not yet completed, the test environment temperature is changed to a temperature that has not been tested (step S455) until each second test recipe has completed the second charge and discharge test at all temperatures. Next, the results of the second charge and discharge test at all temperatures in step S445 are analyzed and processed, and the second charge and discharge test is performed according to the electrochemical impedance analysis program (described in Figure 5 ) is subjected to parameter fitting and optimization (step S460) based on the initial values ​​of the resistance-capacitance (RC) model parameters (or equivalent model parameters) of the battery to generate the battery parameters ParaBAT (step S465). In some embodiments, the battery parameters ParaBAT may be a battery model simulated by Simulink.

[0087] Figure 51 is a flowchart showing the use of the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 to perform an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis program according to some embodiments of the present invention. First, in step S510, the setting values ​​of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis are set, such as the frequency range of the disturbance signal (e.g., 0.1 Hz to 10 kHz), the signal size (e.g., 10 mV), the number of sampling points, the current voltage of the battery 30 to be tested, etc. Next, in step S515, a small disturbance voltage is injected into the battery 30 to be tested through the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy circuit board, so as to measure the battery 30 to be tested according to the correction input CorrBAT to obtain the current response of the battery 30 to be tested (step S520). Next, in step S525, the impedance of the battery 30 to be tested is obtained according to the disturbance voltage and the obtained current response. Next, in step S530, the Nyquist plot and Bode plot of the impedance spectrum can be obtained according to the impedance obtained in step S525 to obtain the initial parameter value of the impedance spectrum. Next, in step S535, the impedance spectrum data and the estimated initial parameter values ​​are fitted to the RC model through an algorithm application (such as Matlab) to obtain the RC model parameters corresponding to the battery 30 to be tested (step S540). Next, in step S545, it is determined whether other voltage values ​​need to be tested. If other voltage values ​​need to be tested, the battery 30 to be tested is charged or discharged to the voltage to be tested (step S550), and the process returns to step S510. In other words, the current voltage of the battery 30 to be tested will be adjusted to the voltage to be tested, and steps S510-S540 in the process will be re-executed until there is no voltage to be tested (step S545). Next, in step S555, the electrochemical impedance spectrum analysis program is completed, and the initial values ​​of the RC model parameters are obtained. Therefore, the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 can generate the battery parameter ParaBAT based on the initial values ​​of the RC model parameters.

[0088] Figure 6Schematic diagram showing an equivalent circuit model 600 of a battery 30 to be tested established by a battery model simulator 160 according to some embodiments of the present invention based on a battery parameter ParaBAT. The equivalent circuit model 600 includes an open circuit voltage (OCV) module 610, internal resistance modules 620_c and 620_d, RC circuit modules 630_c and 630_d, a self-discharge current module 640, a balancing current module 650, and diodes 660 and 665. In some embodiments, the open circuit voltage module 610 includes a voltage source 615 coupled between a node n1 and a node n2 to provide a fixed voltage Em. In addition, the voltage value of the voltage Em is determined by the battery temperature and the state of charge (SOC). The diode 660 is coupled between the node n1 and the internal resistance module 620_c, and the diode 665 is coupled between the node n1 and the internal resistance module 620_d. The internal resistance module 620_c is coupled between the RC circuit module 630_c and the diode 660, and the internal resistance module 620_d is coupled between the RC circuit module 630_d and the diode 665. The internal resistance module 620_c includes a variable resistor R0_c to provide an equivalent internal impedance during charging. In addition, the internal resistance module 620_d includes a variable resistor R0_d to provide an equivalent internal impedance during discharging. In addition, the resistance values ​​of the variable resistors R0_c and R0_d are determined by the battery temperature and the state of charge. In some embodiments, the battery temperature is provided by the battery core thermal module 670. Furthermore, the battery core thermal module 670 is related to the internal impedance and current of the battery, and the battery current is determined by the dynamic load DLoad.

[0089] exist Figure 6, the RC circuit module 630_c is coupled between the internal resistance module 620_c and the node n3, and the RC circuit module 630_d is coupled between the internal resistance module 620_d and the node n3. The RC circuit module 630_c includes variable capacitors C1_c to C3_c and variable resistors R1_c to R3_c, which are used to represent the equivalent RC circuit during charging. In the RC circuit module 630_c, the variable capacitor C1_c and the variable resistor R1_c are connected in parallel between the internal resistance module 620_c and the node n4. In addition, the variable capacitor C2_c and the variable resistor R2_c are connected in parallel between the node n4 and the node n5, and the variable capacitor C3_c and the variable resistor R3_c are connected in parallel between the node n5 and the node n3. Similarly, the RC circuit module 630_d includes variable capacitors C1_d to C3_d and variable resistors R1_d to R3_d, which are used to represent the equivalent RC circuit during discharge. In the RC circuit module 630_d, the variable capacitor C1_d and the variable resistor R1_d are connected in parallel between the internal resistance module 620_d and the node n6. In addition, the variable capacitor C2_d and the variable resistor R2_d are connected in parallel between the node n6 and the node n7, and the variable capacitor C3_d and the variable resistor R3_d are connected in parallel between the node n7 and the node n3. Figure 6 In some embodiments, the battery temperature and the state of charge are determined by the battery parameter ParaBAT. In some embodiments, the resistance values ​​of the variable resistors R1_c to R3_c and the variable resistors R1_d to R3_d are determined by the battery temperature, the state of charge, and the dynamic load DLoad. Furthermore, the capacitance values ​​of the variable capacitors C1_c to C3_c and the variable capacitors C1_d to C3_d are also determined by the battery temperature, the state of charge, and the dynamic load DLoad.

[0090] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment, the self-discharge current module 640 is coupled between the node n1 and the node n2. The self-discharge current module 640 includes a current source 645 for providing a fixed current I. In addition, the current value of the current I is determined by the battery temperature. The balancing current module 650 is coupled between the node n3 and the node n2. The balancing current module 650 includes current sources 652 and 654 for providing currents in different directions. Furthermore, the current amounts of the current sources 652 and 654 are related to the design of the battery management system (BMS). By adjusting the operation of each module of the equivalent circuit model 600 (e.g., the internal resistance modules 620_c and 620_d and the resistance and capacitance circuit modules 630_c and 630_d) in response to the dynamic load DLoad, the battery model simulator 160 can generate a battery model ModBAT according to the battery parameter ParaBAT.

[0091] Fig. 7A and 7BFIG. 1 is a test device 100A for a battery management controller according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The test equipment 100, Fig. 7A and 7B The connector 110A, the physical signal simulation module 140A, the battery model simulator 160A, the test scenario simulator 165A and the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180A of the test device 100A further include multiple components. The battery model simulator 160A and the test scenario simulator 165A are included in the real-time simulation module 120A.

[0092] exist Fig. 7A and 7B In the embodiment, the connector 110A includes an error injector 112 and a junction box 114. The error injector 112 is coupled between the junction box 114 and the battery management controller 10 under test. The main control device 40 can control the error injector 112 to input an error event to the battery management controller 10 under test. In addition, the junction box 114 transmits various battery physical signals PHY from each simulator of the physical signal simulation module 140A to the battery management controller 10 under test.

[0093] In some embodiments, the physical signal simulation module 140A includes a communication simulator 141, a low-voltage power supply simulator 142 of the object under test controller, a battery pack insulation impedance simulator 143, a battery pack current simulator 144, a battery pack voltage simulator 145, a battery pack temperature simulator 146, and a battery cell voltage simulator 147. The communication simulator 141 can simulate the communication between an electronic component (e.g., an on-board component) and the battery management controller 10 under test. The low-voltage power supply simulator 142 of the object under test controller can simulate the low-voltage power supply of the battery management controller 10 under test, such as a 12V power supply. The battery pack insulation impedance simulator 143 can simulate the insulation impedance of the battery pack in the battery under test 30. The battery pack current simulator 144 can simulate the current of the battery pack in the battery under test 30. The battery pack voltage simulator 145 can simulate the voltage of the battery pack in the battery under test 30. The battery pack temperature simulator 146 can simulate the temperature of the battery pack in the battery under test 30. The battery cell voltage simulator 147 can simulate the voltage of the battery cell in the battery under test 30.

[0094] In some embodiments, the battery model simulator 160A includes a battery cell simulation module 161 and a battery pack simulation module 162. The battery cell simulation module 161 dynamically (or automatically) simulates the battery cell state of the battery 30 to be tested according to the battery parameter ParaBAT from the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180A, and provides the corresponding battery model ModBAT to the battery cell voltage simulator 147. In addition, the battery pack simulation module 162 dynamically (or automatically) simulates the battery pack state of the battery 30 to be tested according to the battery parameter ParaBAT provided by the battery cell simulation module 161 and / or the battery cell state of the battery 30 to be tested and the dynamic load DLoad, and provides the corresponding battery model ModBAT to the battery pack insulation impedance simulator 143, the battery pack current simulator 144, the battery pack voltage simulator 145 and the battery pack temperature simulator 146. In some embodiments, the battery cell simulation module 161 and the battery pack simulation module 162 are mathematical models executed by a processor or a computer.

[0095] In some embodiments, the test scenario simulator 165A includes an on-board controller / component simulation module 164, a driving state simulation module 166, a driving simulation module 167, an error simulation module 168, and a vehicle dynamics simulation module 169. The on-board controller / component simulation module 164 is used to provide a simulation model of the necessary controllers and vehicle electronic / mechanical components that communicate with the battery management controller 10 under test, so as to control the communication simulator 141. The driving state simulation module 166 is used to provide a simulation model of the vehicle's driving state. The driving simulation module 167 is used to provide a simulation model of driving behavior. The vehicle dynamics simulation module 169 is used to provide a simulation model of vehicle dynamics, so as to provide a dynamic load DLoad to the battery model simulator 160A. The error simulation module 168 is used to provide a simulation model of error events.

[0096] In some embodiments, the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180A includes a battery cell parameter automatic identification software 181, a battery cell electrochemical impedance analyzer 182, a battery cell charger and discharger 183, a constant temperature and humidity tester 184, and a battery cell temperature measuring device 185. The battery cell parameter automatic identification software 181 includes a user interface. As previously described, according to the relevant parameters of the object to be tested input by the user in the user interface, the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180A can establish a test recipe (such as a capacity test recipe, a relaxation time test recipe, a pulse charge test recipe, and a pulse discharge test recipe, etc.) to perform a charge and discharge test on the battery 30 on the side to be tested. The battery cell electrochemical impedance analyzer 182 is used to analyze the electrochemical impedance of the battery cell of the battery 30 on the side to be tested. The battery cell charger and discharger 183 is used to perform a charge and discharge test (such as a first charge and discharge test and a second charge and discharge test) on the battery cell of the battery 30 on the side to be tested. The constant temperature and humidity tester 184 is used to control the ambient temperature and humidity of the battery cell of the battery 30 on the side to be tested. The battery cell temperature measuring device 185 is used to measure the surface temperature of the battery cell of the standby battery 30 .

[0097] Figure 8 1 is a flow chart showing a method for testing a battery management control system according to some embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, Figure 8 The test method is based on Figure 1 Test equipment 100 or Fig. 7A and 7B The test device 100A is used for performing the test.

[0098] Also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 In step S802, the battery management controller 10 and the battery 30 to be tested are obtained. In some embodiments, Figure 8The test method is to determine whether the capacity estimation of the battery 30 under test by the battery management controller 10 under test is correct. In step S804, the main control device 40 initializes the test environment of the test device 100. Then, the main control device 40 controls the battery cell parameter correction module 170 to measure the standard battery 20 to obtain the measurement parameters of the standard battery 20 (step S806). As previously described, the main control device 40 uses the battery cell parameter correction module 170 to execute the battery cell parameter automatic identification and correction program, and performs charge and discharge tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests on the standard battery 20 to obtain the measurement parameters of the standard battery 20, including the calculated capacity, calculated impedance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy fitting results. Then, in step S808, it is determined whether the measurement parameters of the standard battery 20 match the actual parameters of the standard battery 20. If the measured parameters do not match the actual parameters (for example, the error between the measured parameters and the actual parameters is greater than the critical value), the test / measurement device of the test equipment 100 is calibrated (step S810), and then the process returns to step S804. If the measured parameters match the actual parameters, the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 generates multiple test recipes (step S812), and performs a charge and discharge test on the battery 30 to be tested according to each test recipe (step S814) to generate the battery parameter ParaBAT, such as Figure 4A and 4B As described previously, the test recipes include a capacity test recipe, a relaxation time test recipe, a pulse charge test recipe, and a pulse discharge test recipe, etc. In some embodiments, the charge and discharge test may take several days. After completing the charge and discharge test, the battery model simulator 160 may generate a mathematical model of the battery 30 to be tested (i.e., the battery model ModBAT) according to the battery parameter ParaBAT from the battery parameter identification module 150 and corresponding to the battery 30 to be tested (step S816). In addition, during or after the generation of the mathematical model of the battery 30 to be tested, the automatic sensing correction module 130 of the controller to be tested will execute an automatic sensing correction procedure (such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the main control device 40 calibrates the battery management controller 10 to be tested (step S818). As previously described, the main control device 40 compares the set values ​​of the fixed voltage value, the fixed current value and / or the fixed temperature value with the sensed value of the battery management controller 10 to be tested, and obtains the error value between the set value and the sensed value. If the error value exceeds the critical value, the sensor of the battery management controller to be tested is adjusted until the error value does not exceed the critical value. After completing the automatic sensing calibration procedure, the main control device 40 controls the test scenario simulator 165 to generate a test case (step S820), and generates a dynamic load DLoad of the battery 30 to be tested according to the test case (step S822). In some embodiments, the battery model simulator 160 can also adjust the mathematical model of the battery 30 to be tested (i.e., the battery model ModBAT) according to the dynamic load DLoad. In addition, according to the setting of the test case, the main control device 40 controls whether to inject an error event (step S824), for example, it can be used Fig. 7A Then, in step S826, the main control device 40 may compare the simulated battery state SimState from the battery model simulator 160 with the estimated battery state EstState provided by the battery management controller 10 to be tested, and output a test signal Tout to indicate the test result of the simulated battery state SimState and the estimated battery state EstState of the battery 30 to be tested (step S828).

[0099] According to the embodiment of the present invention, by using the automatic sensing and correction module 130 of the controller under test and the battery cell parameter correction module 170 to perform automatic correction and using the battery cell parameter automatic identification module 180 and the battery model simulator 160 to automatically establish a battery model, the test device 100 can automatically generate a highly realistic virtual environment to conduct a comprehensive test on the battery management controller 10 under test (i.e., the controller of the battery management system). Therefore, compared with the traditional testing method, the test device 10 can solve the problem that the traditional testing system cannot perform quantitative testing on the battery management controller 10 under test. In addition, the test device 10 does not need to consume a lot of manpower and time for test pre-processing, so it can save the test cost of the battery management controller 10 under test and shorten its test time.

[0100] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, including those with ordinary knowledge, may make slight changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope defined in the attached claims.

Claims

1. A test device for a battery management system, It is characterized in that include: a battery parameter identification module, used to measure a standard battery to obtain a first calibration input, and after calibrating a plurality of battery measuring devices according to the first calibration input, perform a first charge and discharge test on a battery to be tested using a capacity test recipe and a relaxation time test recipe to obtain a battery parameter of the battery to be tested; a real-time simulation module, used for obtaining a battery model and a simulated battery state according to the battery parameters and a dynamic load; a physical signal simulation module, comprising a plurality of simulators, wherein each of the simulators provides a battery physical signal according to the battery model; a connector, coupled between the physical signal simulation module and a battery management controller to be tested, for providing the battery physical signal to the battery management controller to be tested, wherein the battery management controller to be tested provides an estimated battery state of the battery to be tested according to the battery physical signal; as well as a main control device, configured to provide the dynamic load to the real-time simulation module, and compare the simulated battery state with the estimated battery state to determine whether the battery management controller to be tested is normal; a calibration module, coupled to the connector, for calibrating the battery management controller under test according to a control signal from the main control device before the connector provides the battery physical signal to the battery management controller under test, The battery parameter identification module performs an electrochemical impedance analysis on the battery to be tested to obtain a fitted battery resistance and capacitance model, and also generates the battery parameters according to the fitted battery resistance and capacitance model; The battery parameter identification module performs a charge and discharge test and an electrochemical impedance spectrum test on the standard battery to obtain a plurality of measurement parameters, wherein the measurement parameters include a calculated capacity, a calculated impedance and an electrochemical impedance spectrum fitting result of the standard battery.

2. The battery management system testing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The calibration module provides a second calibration input having a fixed voltage, a fixed current and a fixed temperature to the battery management controller under test via the connector, and the battery management controller under test provides a sensing result to the main control device according to the second calibration input.

3. The battery management system testing device as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that When an error value between a sensing value of the sensing result and the fixed voltage, the fixed current or the fixed temperature exceeds a critical value, the sensor of the battery management controller to be tested is adjusted until the error value does not exceed the critical value.

4. The battery management system testing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The connector comprises: a junction box, coupled between the physical signal simulation module and the battery management controller to be tested; and An error injector is coupled between the junction box and the battery management controller to be tested, and is used to selectively inject an error event into the battery management controller to be tested according to a control signal from the main control device.

5. The battery management system testing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that After the first charge and discharge test is performed on the battery under test using the capacity test recipe and the relaxation time test recipe at different ambient temperatures, the battery parameter identification module generates a pulse charge test recipe and a pulse discharge test recipe according to the test results of the first charge and discharge test.

6. The battery management system testing device as claimed in claim 5, It is characterized in that The battery parameter identification module performs a second charge and discharge test on the battery under test using the pulse charge test recipe and the pulse discharge test recipe at different ambient temperatures, and generates the battery parameters according to the test results of the second charge and discharge test.

7. The battery management system testing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The battery measuring device includes a battery core electrochemical impedance analyzer, a battery core charging and discharging machine, a constant temperature and humidity testing machine or a battery core temperature measuring device.

8. The battery management system testing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The simulator includes a communication simulator, a low voltage power simulator, a battery pack insulation impedance simulator, a battery pack current simulator, a battery pack voltage simulator, a battery pack temperature simulator or a battery cell voltage simulator.

9. A method for testing a battery management system. It is characterized in that include: Obtain a battery management controller to be tested and a battery to be tested; Measuring a standard battery to obtain multiple measurement parameters; When the measured parameters match the actual parameters of the standard battery, a plurality of test recipes are generated; According to each of the test recipes, a charge and discharge test is performed on the battery to be tested; generating a first battery parameter corresponding to the battery to be tested according to the result of the charge and discharge test; generating a battery model according to the first battery parameter and a dynamic load corresponding to a test case; According to the battery model, a plurality of battery physical signals are generated to the battery management controller to be tested, so as to obtain an estimated battery state corresponding to the battery to be tested from the battery management controller to be tested; as well as Comparing a simulated battery state of the battery to be tested with the estimated battery state provided by the battery management controller to obtain a test result; Performing a sensing calibration on the battery management controller to be tested, Wherein, according to the result of the charge and discharge test, the step of generating the first battery parameter corresponding to the battery to be tested further includes performing an electrochemical impedance analysis on the battery to be tested to obtain a resistance and capacitance model parameter, and fitting the result of the charge and discharge test and the resistance and capacitance model parameter to obtain the first battery parameter corresponding to the battery to be tested; Wherein, the step of measuring the standard battery to obtain the measurement parameters further includes: Performing the charge and discharge test and an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test on the standard battery to obtain the measurement parameters, The measured parameters include a calculated capacity, a calculated impedance and an electrochemical impedance spectrum fitting result of the standard battery.

10. The method for testing a battery management system according to claim 9, It is characterized in that When the measured parameters match the actual parameters of the standard battery, the step of generating the test recipe further includes: Obtaining a second battery parameter of the battery to be tested; generating a plurality of first test recipes according to the second battery parameter; and At different temperatures, a first charge-discharge test is performed on the battery to be tested according to each of the first test recipes, The first test formula includes a capacity test formula and a relaxation time test formula.

11. The method for testing a battery management system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that When the measured parameters match the actual parameters of the standard battery, the step of generating the test recipe further includes: generating a plurality of second test recipes according to the results of the first charge-discharge test; and At different temperatures, a second charge-discharge test is performed on the battery to be tested according to each of the second test recipes, The second test recipe includes a pulse charge test recipe and a pulse discharge test recipe.

12. The method for testing a battery management system according to claim 11, It is characterized in that The step of generating the first battery parameter corresponding to the battery to be tested according to the result of the charge and discharge test further includes: The first battery parameter is generated according to the result of the second charge-discharge test and a resistance-capacitance model parameter.

13. The method for testing a battery management system according to claim 9, It is characterized in that Performing the sensing calibration on the battery management controller to be tested further includes: Providing a plurality of calibration inputs having a fixed physical quantity to the battery management controller under test; Obtaining a measurement value of each of the calibration inputs measured by the battery management controller under test; comparing the fixed physical quantity of each calibration input with the measured value to obtain an error value; and When the error value exceeds a critical value, at least one deviation parameter of the battery management controller to be tested is adjusted.

14. The method for testing a battery management system according to claim 13, It is characterized in that The fixed physical quantity includes a fixed voltage value, a fixed current value and a fixed temperature value.

15. The method for testing a battery management system according to claim 9, It is characterized in that Also includes: Selectively injecting an error event into the battery physical signal.

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