A method for authenticating experimental data of water-cooled magnets

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for authenticating experimental data of water-cooled magnets, comprising the following steps: 1. Constructing a private blockchain network; 2. Generating a data digest of the water-cooled magnet experimental data; 3. Signing the data digest and storing it in the private blockchain; 4. Signing m data digests of the water-cooled magnet experiments and storing them in a public blockchain; 5. Primary and secondary verification of the water-cooled magnet experimental data authentication. This invention enables reliable authentication and traceability of water-cooled magnet experimental data, helps ensure scientific research integrity, and constructs a two-level trusted data storage and verification model, which can reduce the cost of blockchain storage of experimental data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of information security, and in particular to a method for authenticating water-cooled magnet experimental data. Background Art

[0002] The experimental data generated by scientific research experimental devices are the first-hand original data obtained by scientific research institutions to carry out scientific experiments. Scientific experimental data are the original records of scientific research activities and are an indispensable basic element in scientific research. Effective management, storage, and access to scientific experimental data help to verify scientific research results, share and open them, and promote scientific research innovation. The Steady-State Strong Magnetic Field Experimental Facility (SHMFF) is a major scientific infrastructure built in my country to produce strong magnetic field experimental conditions. A series of water-cooled magnets with different calibers and magnetic field strengths are an important part of it. Water-cooled magnets provide steady-state, ultra-high magnetic field strengths, providing a strong magnetic field extreme experimental environment for many basic science and interdisciplinary scientific research fields in my country, such as biology, medicine, physics, and materials, and have a positive role in promoting cutting-edge scientific research output.

[0003] The authenticity of scientific research experimental data is an important cornerstone for scientific research discoveries and publication of results. At present, it is difficult for reviewers and readers of papers based on experimental data to trace and verify the original experimental data of the authors. The falsification, tampering, and artificial selection of scientific experimental data may cause scientific research misconduct. Traditional data management mainly adopts a centralized management method, and data tampering is difficult to verify. There is a lack of effective technical means to trace and develop, which makes it easy for data falsification to occur in the scientific research process. China Science Daily pointed out that in 2019, 447 English papers by Chinese scholars were retracted due to problems such as falsification of experimental data; in 2019, Science and Nature magazines simultaneously retracted a paper on the DNA repair process from the University of Cambridge in the UK because the author falsified data; in 2020, the Scientific Integrity Abstract pointed out that the experimental image data of 400 medical papers were highly similar. The ultra-high magnetic field strength experimental environment constructed by water-cooled magnets provides strong magnetic field experimental conditions for different scientific research user units. The experimental data formed supports a lot of basic science and interdisciplinary science research. It plays an important role and application value to ensure the authenticity and credibility of water-cooled magnet experimental data.

[0004] As an important infrastructure of large scientific facilities, high-field water-cooled magnets need to provide means of authenticating experimental data through technical means to ensure the authenticity and credibility of research results based on magnet experimental data. The existing data authentication method mainly adopts the digital certificate method, obtains the digital certificate issued by the CA certification center, and builds a certificate server to build a PKI system to provide identity authentication, data authentication and other functions. The shortcomings of using existing technologies to realize the storage of water-cooled magnet experimental data are that it costs a high price to obtain a digital certificate issued by a certification body; the digital certificate method is centered on the CA organization and is extremely dependent on the authority of the CA center and the independent security of its operation. If the CA center suffers a network attack, the certificates it issues are not credible; it is impossible to provide end users with a convenient and visual way to intuitively verify data authentication. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an authentication method for water-cooled magnet experimental data, so as to reliably realize the authentication and traceability of water-cooled magnet experimental data, help ensure the integrity of scientific research, and construct a two-level data trusted evidence storage and verification mode, thereby reducing the cost of experimental data blockchain evidence storage.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the technical problems:

[0007] The authentication method of water-cooled magnet experimental data of the present invention is characterized in that it is applied to an information network environment composed of a data collector, a data evidence storage client, a data verification client, a private blockchain client, a public blockchain client, a private blockchain, a public blockchain, and a private IPFS interplanetary file system; and includes a trusted evidence storage method and a trusted verification method;

[0008] The credible evidence storage method is performed in the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Each water-cooled magnet corresponds to a private blockchain client, and all private blockchain clients jointly build a private blockchain network; each private blockchain client holds a pair of private blockchain public keys PK priChain and private key SK priChain ; All water-cooled magnets correspond to a public blockchain client and are connected to an external public blockchain network. The public client holds a pair of public blockchain public keys PK pubChain and private key SK pubChain , where the public key PK pubChain Public disclosure;

[0010] Step 2: Each water-cooled magnet corresponds to a data evidence client, and the data evidence client monitors the acquisition completion command of the water-cooled magnet experimental data sent by the data collector in real time, and performs the following operations when the acquisition completion command is received:

[0011] Step 2.1, get the experimental data file exp Calculate the data digest using the Hash algorithm exp ;

[0012] Step 2.2: Use the private key SK of the private blockchain client priChain Digest the digital exp Sign and generate digital signature Sigature exp ;

[0013] Step 2.3: Use the private blockchain client public key PK priChain The address of the initiator sends a blockchain transaction to the private blockchain network and signs the exp Attached to the transaction information; when the transaction is confirmed, the private blockchain network generates a transaction hash TxHash pri , thus completing the signature Sigature exp Storage on a private blockchain network;

[0014] Step 2.4: File the experimental data file exp Send it to the private IPFS file system for storage, and get the returned IPFS file address IpfsAddr exp ;

[0015] Step 2.5: Follow the process from step 2.1 to step 2.3 to complete the digital signature Sigature_1 of the experimental data of the m-times water-cooled magnet exp 、Sigature_2 exp …Sigature_m exp And after storage in the private blockchain network, the m digital signatures are sequentially connected into a string, and a hash value of the string is calculated;

[0016] Step 2.6: Use the private key SK of the public blockchain client pubChain Sign the Hash value of the string to generate a digital signature Sigature sum ;

[0017] Step 2.7: Use the public blockchain client public key PK pubChain The address of the initiator is the initiator, sending a blockchain transaction to the public blockchain network, and signing the digital signature Sigaturesum Attached to the transaction information; when the transaction is confirmed, the public blockchain network generates a transaction hash TxHash pub , thus completing the signature Sigature sum Storage on public blockchain networks;

[0018] Step 2.8: Obtain the water-cooled magnet number, experiment start time, experimental data file information, and the transaction hash TxHash of the private blockchain from the data collector. pri , IPFS file address of experimental data IpfsAddr exp , Transaction hash TxHash of public blockchain pub , thus generating experimental metadata and storing it in the local database;

[0019] The trusted verification method is divided into a primary verification method and a secondary verification method;

[0020] The first-level verification method is performed according to steps A to D, and the second-level verification method is performed according to steps A to G:

[0021] Step A: For the local water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified for authenticity, the data verification client obtains the experimental data number and IPFS file address IpfsAddr according to the experimental time and the number of the water-cooled magnet. exp , private blockchain transaction hash TxHash pri ;

[0022] Step B: According to the IPFS file address IpfsAddr exp Get the experimental data stored in the IPFS Interstellar File System and compare it with the local water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified; if the experimental data content is the same, it means that the local experimental data is consistent with the experimental data stored in the IPFS Interstellar File System, otherwise, it means that the local experimental data or the experimental data stored in the IPFS Interstellar File System has been tampered with;

[0023] Step C: Transaction hash TxHash of private blockchain pri , query the digital signature of the water-cooled magnet experimental data stored in the corresponding transaction in the private blockchain network exp , and corresponds to the public key PK of the private blockchain client through a water-cooled magnet priChain Unlock the data signature Sigature exp , get the data signature decryption result Decrypt sigature ;

[0024] Step D: Calculate the data summary of the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified using the Hash algorithm, and decrypt the result with the data signature Decrypt sigature Compare them; if they are the same, it means the first-level verification has passed, otherwise, it means the first-level verification has failed;

[0025] Step E: After the first-level verification is passed, for the local water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified for authenticity, the data verification client obtains the experimental data number and the transaction hash TxHash of the private blockchain according to the experimental time and the number of the water-cooled magnet. pri , Transaction hash TxHash of public blockchain pub ;

[0026] Step F: Based on the transaction hash TxHash of the public blockchain pub , the digital signature of the water-cooled magnet experimental data stored in the corresponding transaction in the public blockchain network query sum , and corresponds to the public key PK of the public blockchain client through a water-cooled magnet pubChain Unlock the data signature Sigature sum , get the data signature decryption result Decrypt sigatureSum ;

[0027] Step G: The local database queries other transactions containing the same public blockchain hash TxHash pub and obtain the transaction hash of the private blockchain stored in each record entry;

[0028] According to the transaction hash, the digital signature of the water-cooled magnet experimental data stored in each transaction is queried in the private blockchain network, and the digital signature of the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified locally is combined into a string to calculate its hash value, and then the decryption result Decrypt is combined with the data signature. sigatureSum Compare them. If they are the same, it means that the second-level verification has passed. Otherwise, it means that the second-level verification has failed.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. The present invention designs a data storage method based on distributed ledger and distributed storage technology, which can provide effective data authenticity protection for water-cooled magnet experimental data, ensure that the research results based on water-cooled magnet experimental data are authentic, verifiable and traceable, and construct an effective verification technology tool for scientific research integrity.

[0031] 2. The present invention realizes a two-level data trusted evidence storage and verification mode based on private blockchain and public blockchain, which can reduce the blockchain evidence storage cost of experimental data and ensure the validity of experimental data evidence storage; the present invention can automatically upload the digital fingerprint of the experimental data to the chain as soon as possible after the water-cooled magnet experiment is completed, ensuring that the most original record reflects the real-time status of the scientific experiment and reducing the interference caused by human calculation and processing of data.

[0032] 3. Based on the method of the present invention, the owner of the water-cooled magnet experimental data can directly attach the data's storage address in the blockchain to various achievements such as papers. Suspicious users can verify by themselves through the blockchain and storage system to verify whether the data used by the paper publisher is the original data that has not been tampered with. The verification method of experimental data authentication is convenient and intuitive, and can also ensure the authority and credibility of the authentication.

[0033] 4. The method of the present invention has a certain universality and can be further extended to the trusted management of experimental data of other scientific research instruments and equipment, providing technical solutions for the trusted storage and traceability of scientific experimental data, open sharing of experimental data, etc., which helps to ensure the integrity of scientific research and improve the efficiency of scientific experimental data management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a timing diagram of the reliable evidence storage method of water-cooled magnet experimental data of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the on-chain storage method of the digital signature of the present invention on a private blockchain and a public blockchain;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a timing diagram of the method for verifying the credibility of water-cooled magnet experimental data of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In this embodiment, a method for authenticating water-cooled magnet experimental data is based on distributed ledger and distributed storage technology, which can achieve traceability and falsification of experimental data. Specifically, it is applied to an information network environment composed of a water-cooled magnet experimental data collector, a water-cooled magnet experimental data evidence client, a water-cooled magnet experimental data verification client, a private blockchain supporting smart contracts and a public blockchain, and a private IPFS interplanetary file system, and includes a trusted evidence storage method and a trusted verification method;

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the reliable evidence of water-cooled magnet experimental data is carried out in the following steps:

[0039] Step 1. Each water-cooled magnet runs a blockchain client, such as Geth, which constructs a private Ethereum blockchain network by constructing a genesis block, configuring node parameters, starting nodes, creating accounts, and other operations, and keeps the network running to ensure that subsequent data is confirmed in a timely manner when it is uploaded to the chain; each private blockchain client holds a pair of private blockchain public and private keys (PK priChain / SK priChain ); All water-cooled magnets run a blockchain client Geth, which connects to the public Ethereum blockchain network by configuring RPC addresses, synchronizing public Ethereum blocks, etc. The client holds a pair of public blockchain public and private keys (PK pubChain / SK pubChain ), the public key is disclosed to the public and used for data storage verification of water-cooled magnets.

[0040] Step 2. Each water-cooled magnet runs a water-cooled magnet experimental data evidence client, listens to the command sent by the water-cooled magnet experimental data collector that the experimental data collection is completed, and executes the following steps 2.1-2.8; the digital signature of the experimental data is stored on the private blockchain and the public blockchain as follows Figure 2 As shown;

[0041] Step 2.1, get the experimental data file exp , and calculate its data digest Digest through a Hash algorithm (such as SHA256) exp ;

[0042] Step 2.2: Use the private key SK of the private blockchain client priChain Digest exp Sign and generate digital signature Sigature exp ;

[0043] Step 2.3: Call the private blockchain client, use the private blockchain client public key address as the initiator, send a blockchain transaction, and sign the Sigature exp Attach it to the transaction information and obtain the transaction hash TxHash generated after the transaction is confirmed pri ;

[0044] Step 2.4: File exp Send to the private IPFS system for storage, and get the returned IPFS file address IpfsAddr exp ; If the experimental data file has confidentiality requirements, it can be encrypted and then saved in the IPFS system;

[0045] Step 2.5: Complete the data signature Sigature_1 of m water-cooled magnet experiments exp 、Sigature_2 exp …Sigature_m exp After being stored in the private blockchain, the m signatures are sequentially concatenated into a string and the Hash value of the string is calculated. sum ;

[0046] Step 2.6: Use the private key SK of the public blockchain client pubChain For the Hash generated in step 2.5 sum Sign and generate digital signature Sigature sum ;

[0047] Step 2.7: Call the public blockchain client, use the public blockchain client public key address as the initiator, send a blockchain transaction, and send the hash generated in step 2.7 to the client. sigaturesum Attach it to the transaction information and obtain the transaction hash TxHash generated after the transaction is confirmed pub ;

[0048] Step 2.8, obtain the water-cooled magnet number, experiment start time, experiment user information, experiment data file information, private blockchain transaction hash, experiment data IPFS address, public blockchain transaction hash, generate experiment metadata and store it in the local database. If the json format is used to construct the experiment metadata structure, the example is as follows:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] The reliable verification sequence of water-cooled magnet experimental data is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it can be divided into primary verification and secondary verification; primary verification can ensure that the experimental data to be verified is consistent with the data on the private blockchain; secondary verification can ensure that the experimental data to be verified is consistent with the data on the public blockchain; primary verification is carried out according to steps 1, 2, 3, and 4, and secondary verification is carried out according to steps 5, 6, and 7:

[0052] Step 1: For the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified, the water-cooled magnet experimental data verification client obtains the experimental data number according to the experimental time and water-cooled magnet number, and the IPFS storage address IpfsAddr exp , Private blockchain transaction hash TxHash pri ;

[0053] Step 2: According to the IPFS storage address IpfsAddr expObtain the experimental data stored in the IPFS system and compare it with the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified; if they are different, it indicates that the authenticity of the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified is questionable; if they are the same, it indicates that the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified is the same as the data stored in the IPFS system, but because the IPFS system may be tampered with, it is necessary to further compare the information stored in the private chain;

[0054] Step 3: Transaction hash TxHash based on private blockchain pri , query the water-cooled magnet experiment data signature Sigature stored in the corresponding transaction in the private blockchain exp ; and correspond to the private blockchain public key PK through water-cooled magnets priChain Decrypt the data signature and get Decrypt sigature ;

[0055] Step 4: Use the same Hash algorithm used in step 2.1 to calculate the data summary of the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified, and compare it with the Decrypt sigature Compare; if different, it indicates that the authenticity and reliability of the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified are questionable; if the same, it indicates that the water-cooled magnet experimental data has passed the first-level verification. However, since the reliability of private blockchains is still somewhat different from that of public blockchains, for scenarios with higher requirements for data authenticity verification, second-level verification can be performed;

[0056] Step 5. After the first-level verification is passed, for the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified, the water-cooled magnet experimental data verification client obtains the experimental data number and private blockchain transaction hash TxHash according to the experimental time and water-cooled magnet number. pri , Public blockchain transaction hash TxHash pub ;

[0057] Step 6: Transaction hash TxHash based on the public blockchain pub , the water-cooled magnet experiment data signature Sigature corresponding to the transaction stored in the public blockchain query sum ; and correspond to the public blockchain public key PK through water-cooled magnets pubChain Decrypt the data signature and get Decrypt sigatureSum ;

[0058] Step 7. The local database queries other public blockchains with the same transaction hash TxHash pub Recorded entries, get the private blockchain transaction hash TxHash stored in each entry pri, and according to the transaction hash, query the water-cooled magnet experiment data signature stored in each transaction in the private blockchain, assemble it into a string together with the water-cooled magnet experiment data signature to be verified, and then calculate its hash value and compare it with the Decrypt obtained in the previous step sigature Compare, if they are the same, it means that the second-level verification passes, otherwise, it means that the second-level verification fails.

Claims

1. A method for authenticating water-cooled magnet experimental data, characterized in that It is applied in an information network environment composed of a data collector, a data evidence client, a data verification client, a private blockchain client, a public blockchain client, a private blockchain, a public blockchain, and a private IPFS interplanetary file system; and includes a trusted evidence method and a trusted verification method; The credible evidence storage method is performed in the following steps: Step 1: Each water-cooled magnet corresponds to a private blockchain client, and all private blockchain clients jointly build a private blockchain network; each private blockchain client holds a pair of private blockchain public keys PK priChain and private key SK priChain ; All water-cooled magnets correspond to a public blockchain client and are connected to an external public blockchain network. The public client holds a pair of public blockchain public keys PK pubChain and private key SK pubChain , where the public key PK pubChain Public disclosure; Step 2: Each water-cooled magnet corresponds to a data evidence client, and the data evidence client monitors the acquisition completion command of the water-cooled magnet experimental data sent by the data collector in real time, and performs the following operations when the acquisition completion command is received: Step 2.1, get the experimental data file exp Calculate the data digest using the Hash algorithm exp ; Step 2.2: Use the private key SK of the private blockchain client priChain Digest the data exp Sign and generate digital signature Sigature exp ; Step 2.3: Use the private blockchain client public key PK priChain The address of the initiator sends a blockchain transaction to the private blockchain network and signs the exp Attached to the transaction information; when the transaction is confirmed, the private blockchain network generates a transaction hash TxHash pri , thus completing the signature Sigature exp Storage on a private blockchain network; Step 2.4: File the experimental data file exp Send it to the private IPFS interstellar file system for storage, and get the returned IPFS file address IpfsAddr exp ; Step 2.5: Follow the process from step 2.1 to step 2.3 to complete the digital signature Sigature_1 of the experimental data of the m-times water-cooled magnet exp 、Sigature_2 exp …Sigature_m exp And after storage in the private blockchain network, the m digital signatures are sequentially connected into a string, and a hash value of the string is calculated; Step 2.6: Use the private key SK of the public blockchain client pubChain Sign the Hash value of the string to generate a digital signature Sigature sum ; Step 2.7: Use the public blockchain client public key PK pubChain The address of the initiator is the initiator, sending a blockchain transaction to the public blockchain network, and signing the digital signature Sigature sum Attached to the transaction information; when the transaction is confirmed, the public blockchain network generates a transaction hash TxHash pub , thus completing the signature Sigature sum Storage on public blockchain networks; Step 2.8: Obtain the water-cooled magnet number, experiment start time, experimental data file information, and the transaction hash TxHash of the private blockchain from the data collector. pri , IPFS file address of experimental data IpfsAddr exp , Transaction hash TxHash of public blockchain pub , thus generating experimental metadata and storing it in the local database; The trusted verification method is divided into a primary verification method and a secondary verification method; The first-level verification method is performed according to steps A to D, and the second-level verification method is performed according to steps A to G: Step A: For the local water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified for authenticity, the data verification client obtains the experimental data number and IPFS file address IpfsAddr according to the experimental time and the number of the water-cooled magnet. exp , private blockchain transaction hash TxHash pri ; Step B: According to the IPFS file address IpfsAddr exp Get the experimental data stored in the IPFS Interstellar File System and compare it with the local water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified; if the experimental data content is the same, it means that the local experimental data is consistent with the experimental data stored in the IPFS Interstellar File System, otherwise, it means that the local experimental data or the experimental data stored in the IPFS Interstellar File System has been tampered with; Step C: Based on the transaction hash TxHash of the private blockchain pri , query the digital signature of the water-cooled magnet experimental data stored in the corresponding transaction in the private blockchain network exp , and corresponds to the public key PK of the private blockchain client through a water-cooled magnet priChain Unlock the data signature Sigature exp , get the data signature decryption result Decrypt sigature ; Step D: Calculate the data summary of the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified using the Hash algorithm, and decrypt the result with the data signature Decrypt sigature Compare them; if they are the same, it means the first-level verification has passed, otherwise, it means the first-level verification has failed; Step E: After the first-level verification is passed, for the local water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified for authenticity, the data verification client obtains the experimental data number and the transaction hash TxHash of the private blockchain according to the experimental time and the number of the water-cooled magnet. pri , Transaction hash TxHash of public blockchain pub ; Step F: Based on the transaction hash TxHash of the public blockchain pub , the digital signature of the water-cooled magnet experimental data stored in the corresponding transaction in the public blockchain network query sum , and corresponds to the public key PK of the public blockchain client through a water-cooled magnet pubChain Unlock the data signature Sigature sum , get the data signature decryption result Decrypt sigatureSum ; Step G: The local database queries other transactions containing the same public blockchain hash TxHash pub and obtain the transaction hash of the private blockchain stored in each record entry; According to the transaction hash, the digital signature of the water-cooled magnet experimental data stored in each transaction is queried in the private blockchain network, and the digital signature of the water-cooled magnet experimental data to be verified locally is combined into a string to calculate its hash value, and then the decryption result Decrypt is combined with the data signature. sigatureSum Compare them. If they are the same, it means that the second-level verification has passed. Otherwise, it means that the second-level verification has failed.

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