A multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation system

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation system, which belongs to the technical field of aircraft semi-physical simulation, and solves the problem that the existing simulation system cannot realize simulation verification when multiple aircraft are operated in a collaborative manner. The system comprises: a model generation module, a model calculation engine, and an aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform; the model generation module is used to perform standardized packaging on aircraft models to form a unified standardized aircraft model; the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform is used to generate operation style assumption data; the operation style assumption data includes: model type, number of model instances, and aircraft simulation process; the model calculation engine, based on the operation style assumption data, calls a corresponding standardized aircraft model to generate a model instance and solves it, and sends the data solved by the model instance to the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform; the visualization platform displays the operation status of each model instance in real time based on the data solved by the model instance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aircraft semi-physical simulation, and in particular to a multi-aircraft coordinated operation simulation system. Background Art

[0002] The current combat simulation is based on parameterized models, which verify the combat mission level test, and the single-missile semi-physical simulation is based on the physical test of the aircraft, which verifies the design of a single aircraft. Both cannot meet the research of multi-aircraft collaborative guidance technology.

[0003] In response to the verification and evaluation needs of key technical capabilities such as aircraft operation strategy design and optimization, collaborative perception, intelligent situation fusion and firepower decision-making in collaborative mission scenarios, a multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation system that can quickly integrate multiple aircraft entity simulation models is designed. This solves the problems of multi-aircraft collaborative operation mode research and intelligent collaborative technology design verification.

[0004] So far, no application cases have been found in which this solution was used to integrate and solve multi-entity simulation models in aircraft collaborative operation simulation tests. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, an embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation system to solve the problem that the existing simulation system cannot realize the simulation verification of the collaborative operation of multiple aircraft.

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation system, the system comprising: a model generation module, a model calculation engine, and an aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform;

[0007] The model generation module is used to perform standardized packaging on the original aircraft model to form a unified standardized aircraft model;

[0008] An aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform is used to generate operation style assumption data; the operation style assumption data includes: model type, number of model instances and aircraft simulation process;

[0009] A model calculation engine, based on the operation style assumption data, calls the corresponding standardized aircraft model to generate a model instance and solves it, and sends the data solved by the model instance to the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform;

[0010] The aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform displays the operating status of each model instance in real time based on the data solved by the model instance.

[0011] Furthermore, the model generation module includes a model library and a model management module;

[0012] The model library is used to store standardized aircraft models;

[0013] The model management module is used to add, modify and delete standardized aircraft models, and provide a standardized aircraft model information query function.

[0014] Furthermore, the model library includes model files and model description information; the model files are code files of different standardized aircraft models, and the model description information is a description of each standardized aircraft model, including model name, type, function, version, code file name, and subject data package type of the model.

[0015] Furthermore, the model generation module also includes an integrated framework; the integrated framework includes common base classes, sub-base classes and various subject data packages defined according to the encapsulation standard, and the common base classes, sub-base classes and various subject data packages are provided to users in the form of code.

[0016] Furthermore, the model management module calls the corresponding code in the integration framework according to the model name, type, and subject data package type of the original aircraft model to be packaged input by the user, and automatically generates a model code framework. The user writes the code in the original aircraft model into the model code framework, generates a model code file and stores it in the model library, thereby completing the standardized packaging of the original aircraft model.

[0017] Furthermore, the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform includes an operation scenario editing module; the operation scenario editing module uses a scene image driving engine to enable a user to perform operation scenario editing in a visualized scene and generate operation style scenario data;

[0018] The application pattern assumption data includes an application assumption file and an initialization binding file;

[0019] The application assumption file is used to store assumption information, including basic information of the model instance, model type, mounting relationship, model instance startup conditions, initialization binding file name and model initial state parameters; the initialization binding file is used to store the initial values ​​of various parameters involved in the model instance solution, and is used for data initialization of each model instance.

[0020] Furthermore, the model calculation engine is provided with a data transmission interface, through which the data solved by the model instance is sent to the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform; the data transmission interface supports communication modes of shared memory, network, reflective memory, TCP / UDP, HLA, DDR, and FMI.

[0021] Furthermore, the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform also includes a scene real-time display module; the scene real-time display module is implemented based on a GIS geographic information system and a scene image driving engine, and can display two-dimensional plane situations and three-dimensional scene images in real time;

[0022] The scene real-time display module obtains the scene display theme data in the model instance solution data in real time through the data transmission interface of the model calculation engine, and updates the solution data to the two-dimensional plane situation and three-dimensional scene image in real time.

[0023] Furthermore, the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform also includes a collaborative effect evaluation module, which receives evaluation subject data in the model instance solution data through the data transmission interface and performs online evaluation on the entire simulation process.

[0024] Further, the model calculation engine adopts independent computing nodes or distributed computing nodes;

[0025] When distributed computing nodes are used, model instances are solved on nodes that support distributed deployment based on the load balancing strategy;

[0026] Multiple model instances on the same computing node interact with each other through topic packets; different computing nodes communicate with each other through optical fiber or Ethernet;

[0027] The model calculation engine provides a subject data packet read and write operation function to complete the writing and reading of data packet data.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. By standardizing and encapsulating heterogeneous aircraft models from various sources and storing standardized aircraft models in a model library, when establishing a simulation system, it is only necessary to generate and apply assumption data on the aircraft collaborative application visualization platform. The model calculation engine automatically calls the corresponding aircraft model to generate a model instance and solves it according to the assumption data, thereby quickly establishing a simulation model with multi-aircraft collaboration. In addition, the present application also provides a scene display module and an online evaluation of combat effectiveness in the aircraft collaborative application visualization platform, which can intuitively display the operating status of each aircraft during the simulation process, and can perform statistical calculations based on the data solved by the model instance to evaluate the various capability indicators of the combat party.

[0030] 2. This application adopts the encapsulation standard of the multi-layer inheritance mechanism to standardize the encapsulation of the original aircraft model. Through the multi-layer inheritance mechanism of the sub-base class inheriting the common base class and the model class inheriting the sub-base class, the aircraft modeling process can be greatly simplified. The code inheritance method can avoid the repeated writing of the same function code and improve the modeling efficiency.

[0031] 3. An integrated framework is provided in the model generation module of the present application, and the integrated framework includes common base classes, sub-base classes and various subject data packages defined according to the encapsulation standard. The common base classes, sub-base classes and various subject data packages are provided to users in the form of code. When a new aircraft model needs to be added or encapsulated, it is only necessary to enter the model name, type, and subject data package type in the model management module. The model management module calls the corresponding code in the integrated framework, automatically generates a model code framework, and then writes the code in the original aircraft model into the model code framework, thereby generating a model code file for the standardized aircraft model, which can achieve fast and automated modeling.

[0032] 4. When the number of model instances involved in the simulation process is large, the model calculation engine of this application adopts distributed computing nodes, and based on the load balancing strategy, each model instance is assigned to each node for solving, thereby improving the solving speed and making the simulation process smoother.

[0033] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the packaging standard principle in one embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation system. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a model generation module, a model calculation engine, and an aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform;

[0039] The model generation module is used to perform standardized packaging on the original aircraft model to form a unified standardized aircraft model;

[0040] An aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform is used to generate operation style assumption data; the operation style assumption data includes: model type, number of model instances and aircraft simulation process;

[0041] A model calculation engine, based on the operation style assumption data, calls the corresponding standardized aircraft model to generate a model instance and solves it, and sends the data solved by the model instance to the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform;

[0042] The aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform displays the operating status of each model instance in real time based on the data solved by the model instance.

[0043] The present application performs standardized encapsulation of the original aircraft model so that each model can be consistently instantiated, run and exchange data when solving in an instance; by formulating aircraft collaborative operation assumption data in an aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform, and calling the corresponding standardized aircraft model from the model library to generate a model instance and solve it according to the assumption data, the visualization platform displays the operating status of each model instance in real time according to the data solved by the model instance, that is, the present invention can quickly build a multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation environment according to the assumption data, and can display the operating status of the model instance in real time.

[0044] Specifically, the model generation module includes a model library and a model management module; the model library is used to store standardized aircraft models; the model management module is used to add, modify and delete standardized aircraft models, and provide an aircraft model information query function.

[0045] Specifically, the aircraft models are divided according to their functions, mainly including launch platform models, weapon system models, command and control models, and sensor models. The launch platforms that need to be simulated include launch vehicles, bombers, ships, etc., and common weapon systems include ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, etc.; the command and control models mainly include command and control systems of firepower units at all levels, and the sensors mainly include space-based infrared reconnaissance satellites, space-based radars, ground radars, etc.;

[0046] The model library includes model files and model description information;

[0047] The model files are code files of different standardized aircraft models, including specific functional implementations of the models. Each model corresponds to one or more code files, that is, each model file includes one or more code files.

[0048] The model description information is a description of each standardized aircraft model, including the model name, type, function, version, code file name, and subject data package type of the model.

[0049] Specifically, each model includes one or more subject data packages;

[0050] The subject data packet is a set of parameters used for interaction between model instances. These parameters are divided into different themes according to their uses. For example, the commonly used subject data packets include the following: state information data packet, data link interaction data packet, collaborative effect evaluation data packet, scene display data packet, etc. The parameters contained in the state information data packet are all parameters related to the aircraft state, as shown in Table 1. The data link interaction data packet is mainly used for aircraft models that use data links for communication. The parameters contained are mainly uplink control instructions and downlink state information for data link communication; the collaborative effect evaluation data includes multiple evaluation subject data, such as damage status, survival status, etc.; the evaluation subject data is mainly used for the collaborative effect evaluation module in the collaborative operation visualization platform of aircraft to conduct online evaluation of the entire simulation process; the scene display data packet includes multiple scene display subject data, such as position information, speed and attitude information, and other information that can be displayed in two-dimensional situation or three-dimensional scene.

[0051] Depending on the usage environment and implementation method, the data packet can be represented by a structure (struct), a class (class) or an interactive data language (IDL).

[0052] Table 1

[0053] Serial number Parameter name type illustrate 1 id Int serial number 2 nation Int camp 3 targetID Int Target Number 4 isLive Int Survival status 5 damageStatus int Damage Status 6 isStatic Int Is the target stationary? 7 lon Double longitude 8 lat Double latitude 9 alt Double high 10 psi Double course 11 theta Double Pitch 12 gamma double scroll

[0054] In order to achieve consistent instantiation, operation and data interaction of heterogeneous models in the model computing engine running module, the system adopts a multi-layer inheritance mechanism to standardize the encapsulation of heterogeneous models from different sources and types. The principle is as follows: Figure 2As shown in the figure, the common base class defines the common properties of all models, such as basic information such as orientation, attitude and state, as well as common method interfaces, such as initialization, frame resolution and destruction. The sub-base class inherits from the common model base class and is divided according to the model type. For example, the platform sub-base class and the weapon sub-base class are used to describe the launch platform and weapon system respectively. The sub-base class implements the common methods inherited from the common base class, and each defines the properties and method interfaces specifically for the model type described, which are different from the properties and method interfaces of other sub-base classes. For example, the launch platform sub-base class should have the method corresponding to the action of launching weapons. The model class inherits from the corresponding sub-base class according to its type, and each implements the method interface in the sub-base class. The method of using virtual functions or interfaces in the sub-base class is to define the structure of the general method of a certain type of model, and its specific implementation is completed by the specific model. For example, the launch platform sub-base class defines a general method called "launch", and the two model classes that inherit from the sub-base class, the launch vehicle and the bomber, both have the "launch" method, but the launch process of the two is different, and each needs to implement the specific process in the method.

[0055] Specifically, the model generation module also includes an integrated framework; the integrated framework includes common base classes, sub-base classes and various subject data packages defined according to the encapsulation standard, and the common base classes, sub-base classes and various subject data packages are provided to users in the form of code.

[0056] Specifically, the model management module is used to add, modify and delete standardized aircraft models by managing model files and model description information in the model library, and can add, modify and delete model files and model description information.

[0057] Specifically, the model management module calls the corresponding code in the integration framework according to the model name, type, and subject data package type of the original aircraft model to be packaged input by the user, and automatically generates a model code framework. The user writes the code in the original aircraft model into the model code framework, generates a model code file and stores it in the model library, completing the addition of the standardized aircraft model, thereby realizing the standardized packaging of the original aircraft model.

[0058] After the model code file is generated, the user manually enters the model name, type, function, version, code file name, and subject data package type of the model based on the model code file and model information to generate model description information and store it in the database.

[0059] In order to realize the simulation of coordinated operation of aircraft, it is necessary to formulate the assumption data first.

[0060] Specifically, the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform includes an operation scenario editing module; the operation scenario editing module uses a scene image driving engine to enable users to perform operation scenario editing in a visualized scene and generate operation style scenario data.

[0061] Exemplarily, the number, type, and simulation process of the models of the two combat parties (such as the red and blue parties) can be set in the scene through the assumption editing module; specifically, the layout and editing of the model location, the type of fixed facilities of both parties, the location of fixed facilities, and other information can also be set. The number and location of commonly used fixed facilities, such as airports, underground bunkers, warehouses, ground command posts, etc., are related to the actual battlefield environment. The simulation process refers to the interactive process of each model instance, which is achieved by setting the start conditions of each model instance. When the start conditions are met, the model instance is started and added to the simulation process. For example, a time condition can be set to start a certain model instance when the set time is reached, and a distance condition can also be set to start a certain model instance when a certain distance is reached. The specific conditions to be set are determined according to the combat process to be simulated.

[0062] The application scenario data is exported as a data file set into an application scenario file and an initialization binding file.

[0063] Exemplarily, the operation scenario file may be in XML format.

[0064] The application scenario file is used to store scenario information, including basic information of the model instance, model type, mounting relationship, model instance startup conditions, initialization binding file name and model initial state parameters;

[0065] Exemplarily, the model initial state parameters include 0, 1, and -1; 0 represents that the model initial state is a preparation state and is not running temporarily; 1 represents that the model initial state is to start running immediately; -1 represents that the model initial state is an invalid state and is temporarily unable to run. It can only run after meeting certain conditions during the simulation process and recovering to a valid state.

[0066] The initialization binding file is used to store the initial values ​​of the parameters involved in the model instance solution and is used for data initialization of each model instance. The data format of the initialization binding file is customized by each model according to the needs of data binding.

[0067] Exemplarily, the initial values ​​of the parameters involved in the solution of the above model instance include: the initial value of the pitch angle, the initial value of the roll angle, the initial value of the yaw angle, the X, Y, and Z coordinate values ​​of the initial position of the aircraft, etc.;

[0068] In order to facilitate the observation of the real-time simulation status of both combatants, the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform also includes a scene real-time display module; the scene real-time display module is based on the GIS geographic information system and the scene image drive engine, and can display two-dimensional plane situation and three-dimensional scene images in real time. Through the two-dimensional plane situation and three-dimensional scene images, the movement state, working state, interaction state and damage state of each model instance in the simulation process can be presented in real time, and the map, elevation, ground, water surface, weather and other geographic information can be displayed at the same time, and the red and blue information can be displayed in the form of data charts.

[0069] The scene display function module obtains the scene display theme data in the model instance solution data in real time through the data exchange interface of the model calculation engine; by updating the posture data to the graphics or three-dimensional model and other scene elements in the scene, changing the orientation and posture of the scene elements corresponding to the model instance in the scene, etc., to display the movement process of the model instance; by updating the working status and damage status to the scene graphics or three-dimensional model, changing their display color, separation status, text logo, connection status, etc., to display the different states of the model instance.

[0070] Exemplarily, in a three-dimensional scene display, display colors are used to distinguish the camps of instances, such as red for the red side and blue for the blue side. Colors can also be used to display different damage states, such as red for failure and green for validity. When modeling a three-dimensional model, the model states of different model instances under different working conditions are included, such as the state of the propeller, the state after the propeller is separated, the state when the servo is folded, the state when the servo is unfolded, the state when the wing is folded, and the state when the wing is unfolded. During simulation, the separation state of the above-mentioned propeller and the state of the servo wing when folded and unfolded can be simulated through a three-dimensional scene. Text identification refers to the use of text identification to mark and explain on the edge of a three-dimensional model or scene graph, such as marking "blue side" next to a model to indicate that the model belongs to the blue side. Use lines to indicate whether there is a channel connection or data transmission between instances.

[0071] In order to evaluate the capabilities of each combat party during the simulation process and to verify the synergy effect of multiple aircraft, the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform also includes a synergy effect evaluation module. The synergy effect evaluation module receives the evaluation subject data in the model instance solution data through the data transmission interface of the model calculation engine, and performs an online evaluation of the entire simulation process.

[0072] Exemplarily, the synergy effect evaluation module can evaluate various capabilities of the combatants, such as damage capability and anti-strike capability. Indicators that reflect damage capability include: hit probability, interception probability, etc., and indicators that reflect anti-strike capability include: existing weapon types, existing weapon quantity, etc. By receiving the evaluation subject data in the model instance solution data of the model calculation engine, the hit probability, interception probability, etc. of each model instance can be calculated online, so as to obtain the damage capability and anti-strike capability and other capabilities of each combatant; subsequently, by analyzing the various capability levels of each combatant, the evaluation of the aircraft synergy effect is realized.

[0073] The model calculation engine uses the specified model to instantiate a specified number of instances for different model instances based on the loaded application style assumption data (including application assumption files and initialization binding files), and initializes and binds the model instances according to the configuration of the assumption files and initialization binding files.

[0074] The model calculation engine controls the number of executions of each model instance within a frame calculation cycle to maintain the time consistency of all model instances. The model instances can work together through the data interoperability method provided by the engine.

[0075] The data interoperability method refers to the interaction between model instances through subject data packets; specifically, the model calculation engine provides subject data packet read and write operation functions to complete the writing and reading of data packet data.

[0076] Specifically, the model calculation engine adopts independent computing nodes or distributed computing nodes; when distributed computing nodes are adopted, based on the load balancing strategy, the model instance is solved on the node that supports distributed deployment; thereby, the load of each computing node can be balanced and the computing speed can be improved.

[0077] Generally speaking, when the simulation process requires a small number of model instances, independent computing nodes can be used, that is, all model instances are solved on one computer; when the simulation process requires a large number of model instances, in order to speed up the calculation, multiple distributed computing nodes can be used, and based on the load balancing strategy, several model instances can be run on each computing node.

[0078] Multiple model instances on the same computing node interact with each other through topic data packets; different computing nodes communicate with each other through optical fiber or Ethernet, transmitting various topic data packets to the corresponding computing nodes.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-aircraft collaborative operation simulation system, characterized in that: The system includes: model generation module, model calculation engine, and aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform; The model generation module is used to perform standardized encapsulation on the original aircraft model to form a unified standardized aircraft model; the model generation module includes a model library, a model management module, and an integrated framework; the model library is used to store standardized aircraft models; the model management module is used to add, modify and delete standardized aircraft models, and provide a standardized aircraft model information query function; the integrated framework includes public base classes, sub-base classes and various subject data packages defined according to the encapsulation standard, and the public base classes, sub-base classes and various subject data packages are provided to users in the form of code; wherein, The model management module calls the corresponding code in the integration framework according to the model name, type, and subject data package type of the original aircraft model to be packaged input by the user, and automatically generates a model code framework. The user writes the code in the original aircraft model into the model code framework, generates a model code file and stores it in the model library, thereby completing the standardized packaging of the original aircraft model. An aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform is used to generate operation style assumption data; the operation style assumption data includes: model type, number of model instances and aircraft simulation process; A model calculation engine, based on the operation style assumption data, calls the corresponding standardized aircraft model to generate a model instance and solves it, and sends the data solved by the model instance to the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform; The aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform displays the operating status of each model instance in real time based on the data solved by the model instance.

2. A multi-aircraft cooperative operation simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model library includes model files and model description information; the model files are code files of different standardized aircraft models, and the model description information is a description of each standardized aircraft model, including model name, type, function, version, code file name, and subject data package type of the model.

3. The multi-aircraft cooperative operation simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform includes an operation scenario editing module; the operation scenario editing module uses a scene image driving engine to enable a user to edit an operation scenario in a visualized scene and generate operation style scenario data; The application pattern assumption data includes an application assumption file and an initialization binding file; The application assumption file is used to store assumption information, including basic information of the model instance, model type, mounting relationship, model instance startup conditions, initialization binding file name and model initial state parameters; the initialization binding file is used to store the initial values ​​of various parameters involved in the model instance solution, and is used for data initialization of each model instance.

4. The multi-aircraft cooperative operation simulation system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The model calculation engine is provided with a data transmission interface, through which the data solved by the model instance is sent to the aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform; the data transmission interface supports communication modes such as shared memory, network, reflective memory, TCP / UDP, HLA, DDR, and FMI.

5. The multi-aircraft cooperative operation simulation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform also includes a scene real-time display module; the scene real-time display module is implemented based on the GIS geographic information system and the scene image driving engine, and can display the two-dimensional plane situation and three-dimensional scene image in real time; The scene real-time display module obtains the scene display theme data in the model instance solution data in real time through the data transmission interface of the model calculation engine, and updates the solution data to the two-dimensional plane situation and three-dimensional scene image in real time.

6. The multi-aircraft cooperative operation simulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aircraft collaborative operation visualization platform also includes a collaborative effect evaluation module, which receives evaluation subject data in the model instance solution data through the data transmission interface and performs online evaluation on the entire simulation process.

7. A multi-aircraft cooperative operation simulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The model calculation engine uses independent computing nodes or distributed computing nodes; When distributed computing nodes are used, model instances are solved on nodes that support distributed deployment based on the load balancing strategy; Multiple model instances on the same computing node interact with each other through topic data packets; Different computing nodes communicate with each other via optical fiber or Ethernet; The model calculation engine provides a subject data packet read and write operation function to complete the writing and reading of data packet data.

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