Method for electrically controlling a functional element

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for electrically controlling at least one functional element (8) with electrically controllable optical properties, wherein • the optical properties are controlled by means of a control unit (9), wherein the control unit (9) is connected to at least two transparent planar electrodes of the functional element (8), • a voltage is applied between the planar electrodes by means of the control unit (9), wherein the voltage has a periodic signal change process with a first frequency that is variably adjustable, and a glass window unit (10) is surrounded by a light beam of a second frequency, and wherein the light beam is detected by means of a sensor unit (4) and the first frequency is changed in accordance with the second frequency, wherein the first frequency is synchronized with the second frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for controlling functional elements and a glass window device using such a method. Background Technology

[0002] Functional elements with electro-optical properties are used in the industrial production of glass window units (Verglasungseinheiten). These glass window units are typically composite panels in which the functional elements are embedded. The composite panel consists of at least one outer panel, an inner panel, and an adhesive interlayer that connects the outer and inner panels planarly. Here, the typical interlayer is a polyvinyl butyral film, which, in addition to its adhesive properties, possesses high toughness and high acoustic attenuation. The interlayer prevents the composite glass panel from collapsing in the event of damage. The composite panel only develops cracks but retains its shape stability.

[0003] Composite plates with electrocontrollable optical properties are known in the prior art. Such composite plates contain functional elements, typically comprising an active layer between two planar electrodes. The optical properties of the active layer can be altered by a voltage applied to the planar electrodes. One example of this is the electrochromic functional element known, for example, from US20120026573 A1 and WO 2012007334 A1. Another example is the SPD (Suspended Particle Device) or PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) functional element known, for example, from EP0876608 B1 and WO 2011033313 A1. The transmission of visible light through the electrochromic or SPD / PDLC functional element can be controlled by the applied voltage.

[0004] SPD and PDLC functional elements are commercially available as multilayer films. Planar electrodes required to apply voltage are arranged between two PET carrier films. During the manufacture of the glass window unit, the functional element is punched from the multilayer films to the desired size and shape and inserted between the interlayer films. The planar electrodes are electrically connected to a control module (ECU) via a flat conductor outside the composite plate. The control module is configured to apply voltage, particularly an AC voltage with a frequency of, for example, 50 Hz, between the planar electrodes. It is known that the PDLC functional element exhibits a cloudy transparent state with coherence to the current value of its supply voltage. If a light source (such as a neon tube, some LEDs) is present near the PDLC functional element and the light source has a non-uniform intensity with a similar frequency, the observer will perceive this as interfering flicker or a change in transparency at the PDLC functional element.

[0005] Figure 1 shows the AC voltage (V) applied to the PDLC functional element according to time. PDLC The process of change of the PDLC AC voltage and the transparency behavior of the PDLC functional elements are clearly observed. It is evident that the transparency (T0) changes as the PDLC AC voltage passes through zero. PDLC The transparency is reduced. There is residual waviness.

[0006] Figure 2 shows the alternating voltage (V) PDLC The process of change and the light intensity of the external light source. The light source illuminates the PDLC functional element and has a non-uniform intensity (I) with a frequency slightly different from the AC voltage of the PDLC functional element. L If the PDLC functional element appears opaque and the light source emits light simultaneously, i.e., has intensity I... L When comparing time points >0, the flickering of the PDLC functional element is clearly perceived by the observer. This can lead to the so-called aliasing effect A (differential frequency effect). At time point P in Figure 2, the PDLC functional element is less transparent or even opaque. If these time points are connected to form curve A, a change in curve A is formed, representing the transparency perceived by the observer. This perception of the PDLC functional element has a confusing and disruptive effect on the observer.

[0007] US 2020 / 133042 discloses an apparatus for operating a functional element having electro-optical properties. The apparatus includes an electrical power source electrically connected to the functional element via two leads. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The objective of this invention is to provide a method for improving optical properties, particularly reducing flicker in glass window devices with electro-controllable optical properties.

[0009] The objective of this invention is achieved by the method according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are known from the dependent claims.

[0010] The method according to the present invention for electrically controlling a functional element having electro-controllable optical properties includes at least the following:

[0011] • Optical properties are controlled by means of a manipulation unit, wherein the manipulation unit is connected to at least two transparent planar electrodes of the functional element.

[0012] • A voltage is applied between planar electrodes using a control unit.

[0013] Here, the voltage exhibits a periodic signal variation with a first frequency. The frequency is variable and adjustable. In other words, the periodic voltage is an alternating current voltage. The glass window unit is surrounded by a beam of light with a second frequency, which is detected by a sensor unit, and the first frequency is changed according to the second frequency.

[0014] In one embodiment, the functional element is inserted into a glass window unit. In conjunction with the invention, a "glass window unit" can generally be understood as a product that can be used directly (frameless) or after being inserted into a suitable frame to close window openings in vehicles or buildings. In the case of modern motor vehicles, this is typically a composite glass panel, and in the case of new buildings in mid- and northern latitudes, it is an insulating glass window, but the invention is not limited to these. Alternatively, the functional element can be bonded to a substrate made of glass, plastic, or acrylic glass.

[0015] A glass window unit includes at least one outer panel and an inner panel, which are interconnected via a thermoplastic interlayer, wherein the functional elements are inserted into the glass window unit. In the context of this invention, the inner panel refers to the panel facing the interior space, and the outer panel refers to the panel facing the external environment.

[0016] The concept of this invention is to perform the function of the control element without relying on the stored frequency. Instead, for example, a measurement is taken to determine the frequency of the actual ambient light at predetermined time intervals. To better adapt the first frequency of the voltage to the ambient light, a difference measurement is performed, that is, the difference between the first frequency and a second frequency of the ambient light is determined. A correction value can be deduced from this measurement, and the first frequency is adapted accordingly by increasing or decreasing this correction value. Thus, frequency adaptation is performed. This avoids interference effects. Here, the first frequency can be in, for example, an operating range of 40-80 Hz.

[0017] This invention can significantly reduce the flickering perceived by the observer in terms of the transparency of the functional elements. This also results in a significant increase in usability for the observer, which helps to improve the market prospects of the corresponding window unit.

[0018] The glass window unit is surrounded by ambient light, which is generated by a light-emitting element, particularly an LED or fluorescent lamp. The ambient light has a beam of light, characterized by a second frequency. The beam of light is detected by a sensor unit, allowing the second frequency to be determined.

[0019] The present invention provides the following advantages: the voltage can be operated at a frequency that produces a nearly constant transparency for the observer, i.e., achieves the effect of constant transparency. By matching the first frequency of the voltage to the second frequency of the light beam, flickering of the glass window unit can be reduced particularly effectively. By synchronizing the frequencies, the transparency of the functional module appears almost flicker-free.

[0020] In an advantageous extension scheme, the phase of the applied voltage can be adjusted such that the minimum transparency of the functional module is synchronized with the minimum intensity of ambient light, thereby achieving minimum perceived turbidity.

[0021] The sensor unit has at least one light sensor. The light sensor is designed to detect light in the environment, the frequency and / or brightness of light emitted by a luminescent object. The light sensor should detect light in the visible spectrum. Advantageously, the spectral sensitivity distribution should be adapted to the spectral sensitivity distribution of the human eye, such that the measured values ​​correspond as well as possible to the light perceived by a human observer. The light sensor should operate at a minimum sampling frequency greater than twice, preferably four times, the first frequency of the functional element.

[0022] The sensor unit can be part of the glass window unit, in such a way that the sensor unit is arranged at the composite panel. Preferably, the sensor unit is embedded in the intermediate layer between the outer panel and the inner panel. The sensor unit is preferably arranged entirely within the interior of the glass window unit. Furthermore, the sensor unit can be located on a printed circuit board having at least one phototransistor disposed thereon. The sensor unit is suitable for detecting a specific amount of ambient light. The sensor unit is connected to the control unit, particularly to evaluation electronics of a vehicle. The signal detected by the sensor unit is forwarded to the control unit for evaluation. In the case of a building, the sensor unit can advantageously be arranged in the space outside the glass window unit.

[0023] The second frequency is detected by means of the sensor unit. The sensor unit can be a light sensor, especially a phototransistor, photodiode, photovoltaic cell, photoresistor, and / or CMOS / CCD sensor. Particularly good photosensitivity is achieved by the phototransistor. In a preferred extension, the photodiode can be an SMD component. If the photodiode is an SMD component, an SMD printed circuit board is suitably used. The printed circuit board can be directly disposed on one of the boards, especially on the outer surface of the inner board with the side facing away from the photodiode. It has been shown that the presence of a space-constrained printed circuit board does not lead to a significant reduction in the stability of the laminate. However, the printed circuit board can also be disposed between two thermoplastic layers, i.e., between two layers of a thermoplastic intermediate layer.

[0024] For example, the sensor unit can also be configured to detect the light beam at regular time intervals. Advantageously, the sensor unit is arranged near the functional element. Since the sensor unit should detect ambient light, it can be arranged anywhere on the sensor surface of the sensor unit where the ambient light can directly or indirectly strike it. The sensor unit can be arranged at an interval of approximately 5 mm from the functional element.

[0025] The control unit has means for determining a second frequency from the signal transmitted by the sensor unit. Furthermore, the control unit compares a first frequency with the second frequency. If a discrepancy is determined, the first frequency is changed according to the second frequency. The functional element is then controlled at the changed first frequency.

[0026] The first frequency may preferably be adapted to the second frequency so that the first frequency is adapted to the current characteristics or properties of the luminescent material.

[0027] The glass window unit includes functional elements with electro-optical properties, which are inserted into an intermediate layer. The functional elements are typically arranged between at least two layers of thermoplastic material in the intermediate layer, wherein the functional elements are connected to an outer panel via a first layer and to an inner panel via a second layer.

[0028] This functional element includes at least one active layer disposed between a first carrier film and a second carrier film. The active layer has variable optical properties, which can be controlled by a voltage applied to the active layer. In the context of this invention, electrically controllable optical properties are understood as properties that are infinitely controllable, but also as properties that can be switched between two or more discrete states. The optical properties particularly relate to light transmission and / or scattering behavior. The functional element further includes a planar electrode for applying a voltage to the active layer, the planar electrode preferably disposed between the carrier film and the active layer.

[0029] In an advantageous extension, the functional element is a PDLC functional element, particularly one that switches at least one region of the glass window unit from a transparent state to an opaque state and vice versa. The active layer of the PDLC functional element comprises liquid crystal intercalated into a polymer matrix. In another preferred extension, the functional element is an SPD functional element. Here, the active layer comprises suspended particles, wherein the absorption of light through the active layer can be altered by applying a voltage to a planar electrode.

[0030] The planar electrodes and the active layer are arranged substantially parallel to the surfaces of the outer and inner plates. The planar electrodes are connected to an external voltage source. Electrical contacts and connections to the energy source of the active layer are achieved via suitable connecting cables, such as flat conductors or thin-film conductors, which are optionally connected to the planar electrodes via so-called bus bars, such as strips of conductive material or conductive embossed plates. The thickness of the functional element is, for example, 0.4 mm to 1 mm.

[0031] The planar electrode is preferably configured as a transparent conductive layer. The planar electrode preferably comprises at least one metal, metal alloy, or transparent conducting oxide (TCO). The planar electrode may, for example, comprise silver, gold, copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, indium tin oxide (ITO), gallium-doped or aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and / or fluorine-doped or antimony-doped tin oxide. The planar electrode preferably has a thickness of 10 nm to 2 μm, particularly preferably 20 nm to 1 μm, and very preferably 30 nm to 500 nm.

[0032] The invention further includes a glass window device for performing the method according to the invention in a vehicle or building, the glass window device comprising at least...

[0033] • A glass window unit with electro-optical properties, comprising an outer panel and an inner panel connected to each other via a thermoplastic interlayer, and a functional element with electro-optical properties inserted into the glass window unit, the functional element comprising an active layer, and planar electrodes transparent at two surfaces distributed to the active layer, and

[0034] • A control unit for electrically controlling the optical properties of a glass window unit, the control unit being connected to the planar electrodes of the functional element and configured to apply a voltage having a first frequency between the planar electrodes.

[0035] The sensor unit is configured to detect the beam of light surrounding the glass window unit at a second frequency.

[0036] Therefore, a sensor unit is provided, which can also be integrated into a glass window unit, composite panel, or building or vehicle panel. This sensor unit can be configured to forward detected signals or data to the control unit.

[0037] The control unit can be configured to evaluate the detected data and to synchronize the first frequency with the second frequency.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor unit is arranged at the glass window unit. The sensor unit has a light sensor, particularly a phototransistor, with an upper limit frequency of at least 160 Hz.

[0039] The outer and inner panels are preferably made of glass, especially soda-lime glass, which is common for window panels. However, the panels can also be made of other types of glass (e.g., borosilicate glass, quartz glass, aluminosilicate glass) or transparent plastics (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate). The thickness of the outer and inner panels can vary widely. Preferably, panels with a thickness in the range of 0.8 mm to 5 mm, preferably 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm, such as panels with a standard thickness of 1.6 mm or 2.1 mm, are used.

[0040] The outer panel, inner panel, and thermoplastic interlayer can be bright and colorless, but can also be colored or tinted. The corresponding wind deflector must have sufficient light transmittance in the central field of view, preferably at least 70% in the main perspective area A according to ECE-R43. The outer and inner panels can be unstressed, partially prestressed, or prestressed independently of each other. If at least one of the panels should be prestressed, this can be thermal or chemical prestressing.

[0041] The outer panel, inner panel, and / or intermediate layer may have other suitable coatings known per se, such as anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, scratch-resistant coatings, photocatalytic coatings, shading coatings, or low-emissivity coatings.

[0042] Window units can be manufactured using methods known per se. The outer and inner panels are laminated together via an interlayer, for example by autoclaving, vacuum bagging, vacuum ringing, calendering, vacuum lamination, or combinations thereof. The connection between the outer and inner panels is typically performed under heat, vacuum, and / or pressure.

[0043] According to another aspect of the invention, a vehicle, particularly a passenger car (PKW), having a glass window device according to the invention is described.

[0044] Another aspect of the invention includes the use of the glass window device according to the invention in vehicles used for land, air or water transportation, especially in motor vehicles, for example as a windshield, rear window panel, side window panel and / or roof window panel, as a functional unit, and as an installed part in furniture, equipment and buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The drawings are schematic and not drawn to scale. The drawings do not limit the invention in any way.

[0046] Figure 1 illustrates the transparency from the prior art and the process of voltage variation applied to the functional elements of the PDLC.

[0047] Figure 2 illustrates the voltage variation process applied to the PDLC functional element and the intensity variation process of the external light source from the prior art.

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic apparatus according to an extension of the present invention is shown.

[0049] Figure 4 A cross-section of the glass window unit according to the invention is shown, and

[0050] Figure 5 The exemplary method flow is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Numerical descriptions should not be interpreted as exact values, but rather include tolerances of + / -1% up to + / -10%.

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic glass window device 100 according to the invention is shown. A sensor unit 4, particularly a light sensor, is shown connected to a control unit 9. The control unit 9 (also referred to as an ECU in motor vehicles) supplies power to the PDLC functional element 8 and is configured to control the PDLC functional element 8. For this purpose, the control unit 9 is connected to the PDLC functional element 8 and, in particular, to the two transparent PDLC planar electrodes of the PDLC functional element 8. The power supply voltage is a voltage, particularly an alternating current voltage, having a periodic signal variation process with a first frequency F1.

[0053] Sensor unit 4 detects the ambient light generated by light source 11 (LED) from PDLC functional element 8 and transmits the signal to control unit 9 for evaluation. Control unit 9 has a microprocessor for evaluating the signal. The ambient light is generated by a light-emitting element, such as an LED. The beam of ambient light has a second frequency F2.

[0054] In this control unit 9, a first frequency F1 is compared with a second frequency F2. If a discrepancy is found between the first frequency F1 and the second frequency F2, the first frequency F1 is changed to match the second frequency F2.

[0055] In addition, sensor unit 4 can repeatedly sample ambient light at regular time intervals.

[0056] Figure 4 An extended embodiment of the glass window unit 10 according to the invention, featuring an integrated sensor unit 4, is shown. The glass window unit 10 is a composite panel constructed of an outer panel 1 (having an outer surface I and an inner space side surface II) and an inner panel 2 (having an outer surface III and an inner space side surface IV). The outer panel 1 is planarly connected to the inner panel 2 via a thermoplastic interlayer 3. The outer panel 1 and the inner panel 2 are made of soda-lime glass and have a thickness of, for example, 2.1 mm. The interlayer 3 is constructed of a thin film of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) about 0.76 mm thick. The glass window unit 10 is configured as a windshield for a motor vehicle.

[0057] The glass window unit 10 is equipped with a PDLC functional element 8 in its central region, which is inserted into the intermediate layer 3. This intermediate layer 3 comprises a total of three thermoplastic layers, each constructed from a thermoplastic film made of PVB with a thickness of approximately 0.38 mm. The first thermoplastic layer is connected to the outer panel 1, and the second thermoplastic layer is connected to the inner panel 2. The third thermoplastic layer, located in the middle, surrounds the cut PDLC functional element 8 (PDLC multilayer film) substantially flush with all sides. Thus, the PDLC functional element 8 is embedded in and protected by the surrounding thermoplastic material.

[0058] The glass window unit 10 is equipped with a sensor unit 4. The sensor unit 4 can be constructed from a flexible printed circuit board 5 equipped with phototransistors. The printed circuit board 5 is entirely disposed within the glass window unit 10. The printed circuit board is placed directly on the outer surface of the inner board 2 and connected to the outer board via an intermediate layer 3. The printed circuit board has two electrical connection surfaces (not shown), each soldered to one pole of a bipolar flat conductor serving as a wiring cable 6. The wiring cable 6 extends from the composite board beyond the edge of the glass window unit 10. The wiring cable 6 is used to electrically connect the printed circuit board 5 to the control unit 9 via other connecting cables (typically round cables). The control unit 9 analyzes the signal from the sensor unit 4—thus, the control unit 9 can, for example, adapt the first frequency F1 of the voltage applied to the PDLC functional element according to the second frequency F2 of ambient light.

[0059] For example, a photodiode is also suitable as sensor unit 4. The photodiode advantageously has a small size (0.55 mm in height, 1.6 mm in width, and 1.5 mm in depth) and a spectral sensitivity distribution that closely approximates the spectral sensitivity distribution of the human eye. The maximum sensitivity is approximately at 500 nm, and the sensitivity is more than 60% of the maximum value at 500 nm across the entire range of 500 nm to 600 nm. This ensures that the amount of light measured by the light sensor is also consistent with what is classified as relevant by humans.

[0060] Printed circuit board 5 is a flexible printed circuit board comprising a polyimide film approximately 150 μm thick and printed conductors imprinted thereon. Each printed circuit board 5 is shaped as a T and has thinner lead segments and wider end segments (corresponding to the "beams of the T"), wherein the lead segments face the edges of the glass window unit 10. The lead segments, for example, have a width of 50 mm and a length of 65 mm. The end segments, for example, have a width of 200 mm and a length of 15 mm. Sensor unit 4 is arranged in the end segments of printed circuit board 5, while the lead segments are used for connection to the wiring cable 6. Two wiring faces (not shown) are arranged at the ends of the lead segments, corresponding to the two poles of the system at the printed conductors and soldered to the poles of the bipolar wiring cable 6 respectively.

[0061] As is common for windshields, the glass window unit 10 has a frame-like, opaque overlay 7. The overlay 7 is constructed as embossed and fired black enamel on the inner space side surfaces of the outer panel 1 and the inner panel 2. The printed circuit board 5 is arranged in the area of ​​the overlay 7 such that it is neither visible from the outside nor from the inside. The outer overlay 7 on the outer panel 1 has a gap at the location of the sensor unit 4, allowing light to fall onto the sensor unit 4, enabling the light sensor to perform its function.

[0062] Figure 5 An embodiment of the method according to the present invention is shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0063] • An AC voltage with a first frequency F1 is applied to the planar electrode by means of the control unit 9 (step 101).

[0064] • Illuminate the glass window unit 10 using a light-emitting object (light source 11), such as an LED (step 102).

[0065] • The light beam emitted through the light-emitting object is detected by means of sensor unit 4 (103).

[0066] • The sensor unit forwards the detected signal to the control unit 9 (104).

[0067] • The second frequency f2 (105) is determined from the detected signal by means of the control unit 9.

[0068] • The first and second frequencies F1 and F2 are compared by means of the control unit 9 (step 106).

[0069] • If the difference between the first frequency F1 and the second frequency F2 has been determined, the first frequency F1 is adapted to the second frequency F2, and the PDLC functional element is operated with the modified first frequency F1 (step 107).

[0070] According to the present invention, a glass window device is provided using the method according to the invention, which can be improved in terms of optical performance and aesthetic appearance and can be further optimized compared to known glass window devices. A virtually flicker-free glass window unit can be achieved using functional elements. This result is unexpected and surprising to those skilled in the art.

[0071] List of reference numerals

[0072] 1 outer panel

[0073] 2 Inner Panel

[0074] 3. Thermoplastic interlayer

[0075] 4 sensor units

[0076] 5 Printed Circuit Boards

[0077] 6. Wiring cable / flat conductor

[0078] 7. Opaque overprinted materials

[0079] 8 PDLC functional components

[0080] 9 Control Unit

[0081] 10 glass window units

[0082] 11 Light Source

[0083] 100. Glass window installation.

Claims

1. Method for electrically controlling at least one functional element (8) with electrically controllable optical properties, wherein • the optical properties are controlled by means of a control unit (9), wherein the control unit (9) is connected to at least two transparent planar electrodes of the functional element (8), • a voltage is applied between the planar electrodes by means of the control unit (9), wherein the voltage has a periodic signal change process with a first frequency that is variably adjustable, and a light beam of a second frequency is surrounded by a glazing unit (10), wherein the functional element is inserted into the glazing unit (10), and wherein the light beam is detected by means of a sensor unit (4) and the first frequency is changed in accordance with the second frequency, wherein the first frequency is synchronized with the second frequency.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the glazing unit (10) comprises an outer pane (1) and an inner pane (2), which are connected to each other via a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3).

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second frequency is detected by means of a light sensor.

4. Method according to claim 3, wherein the second frequency is detected by means of a phototransistor.

5. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensor unit (4) is part of the glazing unit (10).

6. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the signal detected by the sensor unit (4) is forwarded to the control unit (9).

7. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first frequency is compared to the second frequency by means of the control unit (9).

8. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first frequency is adapted to the second frequency if a difference between the first frequency and the second frequency has been determined.

9. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the functional element (8) is a PDLC functional element, which makes the glazing unit (10) at least partially transparent when a voltage supply is switched on and opaque when the voltage supply is switched off.

10. Glazing device (100) of a vehicle or a building for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising at least • a glazing unit (10) with electrically controllable optical properties, which comprises an outer pane (1) and an inner pane (2), which are connected to each other via a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), and a functional element (8) with electrically controllable optical properties, which is inserted into the glazing unit, the functional element comprising an active layer, transparent planar electrodes at both surfaces being assigned to the active layer, and • a control unit (9) for electrically controlling the optical properties of the glazing unit (10), the control unit (9) being connected to the planar electrodes of the functional element (8) and being configured for applying a voltage with a first frequency between the planar electrodes. wherein the sensor unit (4) is arranged for detecting a light beam surrounding the glazing unit (10) at the second frequency.

11. The glazing unit of claim 10, wherein, The control unit (9) is arranged for synchronizing the first frequency with the second frequency.

12. A glazing unit according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that, The sensor unit (4) is arranged for forwarding the detected data to the control unit (9) and the control unit (9) is arranged for evaluating the detected data.

13. A glazing unit according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that, The sensor unit (4) is arranged at the glazing unit (10).

14. The glazing unit of claim 10 or 11, wherein, The sensor unit (4) has a light sensor.

15. The glazing unit of claim 14, wherein, The sensor unit (4) has a phototransistor.

16. The glazing unit of claim 10 or 11, wherein, A light source (11) is arranged for generating a light beam surrounding the glazing device.

17. The glazing unit of claim 16, wherein, An LED module is arranged for generating a light beam surrounding the glazing device.

18. A vehicle having a glazing device (100) according to claim 10.

19. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein, The vehicle is a passenger car.

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