Laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panels

Abstract

The present invention provides a laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel, comprising a thin film metamaterial panel and a sound-absorbing material. The laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel comprises at least two layers of thin film metamaterial panels; the sound-absorbing material is filled between two adjacent layers of thin film metamaterial panels; the thin film metamaterial panel comprises a multifunctional frame and a thin film, the multifunctional frame being bonded to the film, and different layers of flexible metamaterial panels being laminated together. The thin film metamaterial panel comprises a thin film and a multifunctional frame, forming reflection and transmission modes within the frame; the different multifunctional frames are connected by supports, which can utilize the weight of all layers to improve sound insulation at low frequencies, and decouple at mid- and high-frequency design bands to ensure broadband sound insulation. When sound waves enter from the outside of the back panel, the sound energy is concentrated between the laminated panels and absorbed by the sound-absorbing material. The present invention improves absorption efficiency by combining reflection and transmission of different layers of thin film metamaterial panels, ultimately significantly reducing the propagation of external noise into the back panel, achieving broadband sound absorption and sound insulation at mid- and low-frequency bands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to sound absorbing and insulating equipment, in particular to a laminated sound absorbing and insulating board that is effective for medium and low frequency broadband. Background Art

[0002] Maintaining quietness is crucial in airplanes, high-speed trains, cars, conference rooms, and other environments, but noise reduction measures are often severely limited by space and weight. High-frequency noise can be effectively blocked with conventional, thin, and lightweight sound-absorbing materials. However, for mid- and low-frequency noise between 100 and 1000 Hz, conventional sound insulation panels and sound-absorbing materials must be thick and heavy to achieve effective sound insulation. Existing constrained metamaterials perform well in sound insulation, but maintaining their performance requires maintaining the rigidity of the frame itself, making the entire metamaterial sheet difficult to bend and unsuitable for use in large curved spaces. Constrained metamaterials also have narrow design peaks and are unable to meet the sound insulation requirements of a wider frequency band. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a sound-absorbing and insulating panel that is not only adaptable to flexible mounting surfaces, but also more practical, lightweight, and offers significant sound insulation and absorption for broadband mid- and low-frequency noise between 100 and 1000 Hz. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board with effective low- to medium-frequency broadband.

[0004] According to the present invention, a laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board is provided, comprising a thin film metamaterial board and a sound-absorbing material;

[0005] The laminated sound absorbing and insulating panel is arranged with at least two layers of thin film metamaterial panels;

[0006] The sound absorbing material is filled between two adjacent layers of thin film metamaterial plates;

[0007] The thin film metamaterial plate includes a multifunctional frame and a thin film; the multifunctional frame is bonded to the thin film.

[0008] Furthermore, the thin film metamaterial plate is bendable and can be installed on a curved surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the multifunctional frame is made of metamaterial with sound absorption function.

[0010] Furthermore, the multifunctional frame is grouped by a plurality of frame units, with gaps between adjacent groups, which can not only meet different installation requirements but also adjust the operating frequency.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a support member, and different layers of thin film metamaterial plates are connected through the support member.

[0012] Furthermore, reinforcement is performed on the plane formed by the multifunctional frame.

[0013] Furthermore, an isolation member is provided between the film and the sound-absorbing material; the multifunctional frame isolates the film from the sound-absorbing material through protruding ribs or by externally covering the film metamaterial plate to reduce the influence of the sound-absorbing material on the vibration of the film.

[0014] Furthermore, the thin film metamaterial plate is formed by processing different thin films to form different multi-layer thin film metamaterial plate laminations. The thin films can be set to different thicknesses or made of different materials to form multi-layer thin film metamaterial plate laminations with different functions.

[0015] Furthermore, the sound-absorbing material is a material that can be used for sound absorption, such as foam, sound-absorbing cotton, etc.

[0016] Furthermore, the support member is made of a material with a certain elasticity, such as a thin rod, a spring, a spiral column, and foam, which can achieve a better use effect.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panels provided by the present invention have excellent mid- and low-frequency broadband sound absorption and insulation properties while being lightweight and thin. When sound waves enter from the outside of the back panel, the sound energy is concentrated between the laminated panels and absorbed by the sound-absorbing material. The absorption efficiency is improved by combining reflection and transmission through different layers of film materials, ultimately significantly reducing the propagation of external noise into the back panel, achieving broadband sound absorption and insulation functions at mid- and low frequencies.

[0019] 2. The laminated sound-absorbing and insulating panel of the present invention has a flexible surface and can be coupled with backplanes of different bending angles, thus broadening its application range. By redesigning the constrained metamaterial and laminating it with a sound-absorbing material, the weight of the original material can be reduced, the sound insulation collapse of the material can be compensated, the operating frequency band of the material can be broadened, the material can be modified to adapt to flexible installation surfaces, and the sound insulation and absorption effects can be improved simultaneously. This creates a designable, thin, broadband sound-absorbing and insulating laminated panel that is more practical.

[0020] 3. The laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panels of the present invention can adjust their operating frequency by designing the frame size and varying the film thickness. Different layers of frames have different design frequencies, and the operating frequency band is broadened through lamination. Support members connect the different layers of frames, and by adjusting the support members, the low-frequency peak can be adjusted, further expanding the operating frequency band.

[0021] 4. The thin film metamaterial plate includes a thin film and a multifunctional frame, and a reflection mode is formed in the constrained part of the multifunctional frame. Different frames are connected by elastic connectors, which can use the weight of all layers to improve sound insulation at low frequencies and decouple in the mid- and high-frequency design bands to ensure broadband sound insulation.

[0022] 5. The overall material cost of the present invention is low, only simple mechanical assembly is required, there is no risk of small objects falling off, the material performance is stable, and it can be used for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel provided by the present invention being installed on a large-curved back panel;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a single layer of flexible metamaterial in the laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the multifunctional frame reinforcement provided by the present invention and several typical reinforcement methods;

[0027] Figure 4 Testing the sound absorption coefficient of the laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 The sound insulation test results of the laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panels provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the sound insulation test results of the laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panels provided by the present invention under different rigid supports.

[0030] The figure shows:

[0031] Laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board 1

[0032] Backplane 2

[0033] Multifunctional frame 11

[0034] Film 12

[0035] Support member 13

[0036] Sound-absorbing material 14 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel provided by the present invention is arranged with several layers of thin film metamaterial panels, and the sound-absorbing material is filled between every two layers of thin film metamaterial panels. The thin film metamaterial panel includes a multifunctional frame 11 and a film 12; the multifunctional frame 11 and the film 12 are laminated.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 1 The figure shows the installation and coordination of the laminated sound-absorbing and insulating panel 1 and the back panel 2. Multiple layers of thin-film metamaterial panels are laminated with sound-absorbing material 14 sandwiched between them. The different layers of thin-film metamaterial panels can be connected by support members 13. The first-order modal frequency formed by the support member 13 and the thin-film metamaterial panels is lower than the first peak frequency required by the design, thereby adjusting the low-frequency peak and achieving decoupling in the mid- and high-frequency operating bands. The internal sound-absorbing material 14 is primarily composed of foam, sound-absorbing cotton, etc., with minimal additional weight and ultimately excellent sound absorption. An isolation member is provided between the film 12 and the sound-absorbing material 14. This isolation member isolates the film 11 from the sound-absorbing material 14 by providing raised ribs on the multifunctional frame 11 or by externally wrapping the thin-film metamaterial panels, thereby reducing the impact of the sound-absorbing material 14 on the vibration of the film 11. The multifunctional frame 11 improves frame rigidity at a minimal weight penalty. The raised ribs isolate the sound-absorbing material 14 from the film 12, reducing the impact of the sound-absorbing material 14 on the vibration of the film 12. Because the laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel 1 has a certain degree of flexibility, it can better fit the larger curved back panel 2 to ensure sound insulation and reduce sound leakage. The overall material cost is low, only simple mechanical assembly is required, there is no risk of small objects falling off, and the material performance is stable, which can be used for a long time.

[0040] Figure 2 The figure shows the front view of a single-layer sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel. Multiple multifunctional frames 11 are arranged in groups and attached to a sheet of film 12. Gaps exist between the different multifunctional frames to ensure that the overall material has a certain degree of flexibility in different directions, making it easy to install on curved surfaces, such as arcs and bends.

[0041] Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a set of multifunctional frames 11. Several typical sections of the surface reinforcement of the multifunctional frame 11 are as follows: Figure 3 The multifunctional frames 11 are connected with support members 13, wherein the support members 13 have the best effect when they have elastic support properties, and thus can be made of thin rods, springs, spiral columns, foam and other materials.

[0042] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

[0043] Experimental results show:

[0044] Figure 4 The present invention is shown Figure 1 The embodiment shown is an experimental result of measuring the sound absorption coefficient in a sound tube.

[0045] The sound tube used in the experiment has a diameter of 225 mm, the laminate is a three-layer laminate, and each layer has 3*3 frame units arranged in an array. The multifunctional frame 11 is made of carbon fiber material, and the film 12 used is a PI film.

[0046] The experimental results are as follows Figure 4 As shown, when the material is a three-layer laminate, three distinct sound absorption coefficient peaks appear within the design frequency band, far exceeding the sound absorption coefficient of the sandwiched sound-absorbing material 14 itself. This is due to the fact that the design of the different layers of constrained metamaterials concentrates sound energy between the layers, increasing the overall sound absorption coefficient of the material. These experimental results directly demonstrate the excellent sound absorption performance of the laminated sound-absorbing and insulating panel 1 proposed by the present invention.

[0047] Figure 5 The present invention is shown Figure 1 The embodiment shown shows experimental results of measuring sound insulation on a test box.

[0048] The box used in the experiment is a cube with a side length of 1.5m. The laminate is a three-layer laminate with 15*15 frame units arranged in an array on each layer. The frame is made of carbon fiber material and the membrane used is PI membrane.

[0049] A spherical sound source was placed in the enclosure, with the top of the enclosure serving as the material installation surface. A microphone was placed 15 cm from the top. The sound power recorded by the microphone was compared before and after the sound-absorbing and sound-isolating panels were installed. Lower sound power values ​​indicate better sound insulation.

[0050] The experimental results are as follows Figure 5As shown in the figure, the dashed line represents the results for a 1mm steel plate, and the solid line represents the results after installing the sound-absorbing and insulating panels. As can be seen, after installing the sound-absorbing and insulating panels of this embodiment, the sound power significantly decreases in the 100Hz to 480Hz frequency range, with significant drops in the design frequency ranges of 150Hz, 250Hz, and 400Hz. The sound power at 700Hz is not significantly reduced due to the inherent mode of the cabinet. These experimental results directly demonstrate the excellent sound insulation performance of the laminated sound-absorbing and insulating panel 1 proposed by the present invention.

[0051] Figure 6 The present invention is shown Figure 1 The simulation results of the supporting members 13 with different stiffness of the embodiment are shown.

[0052] The solid line in the figure represents a normal support, the dashed line represents a support with less rigidity, and the dotted line represents a support with greater rigidity. Under supports of varying rigidity, the low-frequency peak shifts. Reducing support rigidity lowers the peak frequency. Therefore, adjusting support member 13 can further adjust the frequency of the low-frequency peak and thus the operating bandwidth.

[0053] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0054] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. The embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel, characterized in that: including thin film metamaterial plates and sound absorbing materials (14); The laminated sound absorbing and insulating panel is arranged with at least two layers of thin film metamaterial panels; The sound absorbing material (14) is filled between two adjacent thin film metamaterial plates; The thin film metamaterial plate comprises a multifunctional frame (11) and a thin film (12); the multifunctional frame (11) is bonded to the thin film (12); the thin film metamaterial plate is processed by different thin films (12) to form different multilayer thin film metamaterial plate laminations; It also includes a support member (13), through which the thin film metamaterial plates of different layers are connected; the support member (13) has elastic supporting performance.

2. The laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thin film metamaterial plate is bendable and can be installed on a curved surface.

3. The laminated sound absorbing and insulating panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multifunctional frame (11) is made of a metamaterial with a sound absorption function.

4. The laminated sound absorbing and insulating panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multifunctional frame (11) is grouped by a plurality of frame units, with gaps between adjacent groups.

5. The laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel according to claim 1, wherein: The plane formed by the multifunctional frame (11) is reinforced.

6. The laminated sound absorbing and insulating panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation piece is provided between the film (12) and the sound absorbing material (14).

7. The laminated sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panel according to claim 1, wherein: The sound-absorbing material (14) is made of foam or sound-absorbing cotton.

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