Sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structures and devices

Abstract

The present application provides a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure and device. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure comprises: a micro-perforated panel, a bottom plate, and at least one layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate disposed between the micro-perforated panel and the bottom plate; wherein the micro-perforated panel has a first structural parameter, and the first structural parameter is configured to make the micro-perforated panel have a first acoustic impedance; each layer of the micro-perforated corrugated plate has a second structural parameter, and the second structural parameter is configured to make the micro-perforated corrugated plate have a second acoustic impedance; within a plurality of discontinuous first frequency bands, the first acoustic impedance and each of the second acoustic impedances superimposed to form an overall acoustic impedance and the acoustic impedance of air meet a preset matching relationship, thereby facilitating the improvement of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating performance of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure in a complex acoustic environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sound absorption, and in particular to a sound absorption and insulation structure and device. Background Art

[0002] Noise is everywhere, seriously affecting people's daily lives. As people's living standards continue to improve, they pay more and more attention to the management and control of noise. For many engineering environments, in addition to the consideration of the mechanical properties of the structure, sound insulation and sound absorption are also very important standards. Sound insulation refers to the situation when sound propagates from the first side of the structure to the second side opposite to the first side, and the sound energy on the second side is less than the sound energy on the first side due to the obstruction of the structure. Sound absorption refers to the situation when sound passes through or is incident on a medium, and the sound energy is consumed and reduced by the structure or material inside the medium.

[0003] As for sound-absorbing materials, porous sound-absorbing materials are the main type of traditional acoustic materials, but they have disadvantages such as insufficient sound absorption performance at medium and low frequencies and large space occupation. In recent years, micro-perforated panels have been used more and more widely. Compared with traditional porous sound-absorbing materials, micro-perforated panels have advantages such as high fire resistance and modulatable sound absorption frequency band, but the sound insulation performance of micro-perforated panels is limited. On the other hand, ordinary micro-perforated panels usually consist of micro-perforated panels, non-porous back panels and intermediate honeycomb structure supports. The sound absorption frequency can be adjusted by adjusting parameters such as the thickness of the micro-perforated panel, perforation diameter, hole spacing and back cavity depth. The main disadvantage of micro-perforated panels is that the sound absorption frequency band is narrow, and there is usually only one sound absorption peak, which makes them difficult to cope with complex acoustic environments.

[0004] As for sound insulation materials, traditional sound insulation materials are affected by the law of mass. The larger the mass, the higher the sound insulation. And higher sound insulation performance can be achieved by compounding materials with different impedances, such as common sandwich panels (including foam sandwich, honeycomb sandwich and corrugated sandwich panels, etc.). However, traditional sound insulation materials do not have sound absorption properties, which results in certain restrictions on their use conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, in order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an improved sound absorbing and insulating structure.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a sound absorbing and insulating structure, comprising:

[0007] A micro-perforated panel, a bottom plate, and at least one layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate disposed between the micro-perforated panel and the bottom plate;

[0008] The micro-perforated panel has a first structural parameter, and the first structural parameter is configured to make the micro-perforated panel have a first acoustic impedance; each layer of the micro-perforated corrugated plate has a second structural parameter, and the second structural parameter is configured to make the micro-perforated corrugated plate have a second acoustic impedance;

[0009] In a plurality of discontinuous first frequency bands, the overall acoustic impedance formed by superposition of the first acoustic impedance and each of the second acoustic impedances satisfies a preset matching relationship with the acoustic impedance of air.

[0010] The above-mentioned sound-absorbing and insulating structure, by designing the structure of the micro-perforated panel and each layer of the micro-perforated corrugated plate, has the first structural parameter and the second structural parameter respectively, so that the overall acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure can satisfy the preset matching relationship with the acoustic impedance of the air in multiple discontinuous first frequency bands, forming multiple sound wave absorption peaks, which is conducive to being applied to complex acoustic environments. Specifically, under this matching relationship, when sound waves pass through the micro-perforations and their corresponding back cavities, they can cause repeated friction between the air and the inner wall through resonance to produce a visco-thermal effect, generate heat loss, and thus greatly consume the energy of the sound waves to achieve effective sound absorption and insulation. In addition, compared to traditional porous sound-absorbing materials, the sound-absorbing and insulating structure of the present application utilizes the structure of a sandwich sound insulation board, and therefore also has a better sound insulation effect.

[0011] In one embodiment, each layer of the micro-perforated corrugated plate includes a plurality of alternately connected first micro-perforated plates and second micro-perforated plates, and the adjacent first micro-perforated plates and the second micro-perforated plates are arranged at an angle; the first structural parameter includes at least one of the aperture diameter, perforation rate, and thickness of the perforations of the micro-perforated panel; the second structural parameter includes the aperture diameter, perforation rate, thickness of the perforations of the first micro-perforated plate and the second micro-perforated plate, and at least one of the angles between the adjacent first micro-perforated plate and the second micro-perforated plate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the perforations on the micro-perforated panel have a first aperture, the perforations on the first micro-perforated panel have a second aperture, and the perforations on the second micro-perforated panel have a third aperture; wherein the first aperture, the second aperture, and the third aperture are all less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the micro-perforated corrugated plate has multiple layers, and the multiple layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates are sequentially connected and arranged along the normal direction of the micro-perforated panel.

[0014] In one embodiment, adjacent layers of the micro-perforated corrugated plates are mirror-symmetrical about a plane parallel to the micro-perforated panel.

[0015] In one embodiment, the sound absorption and insulation structure further includes a plurality of ribs, each of which is disposed between adjacent first micro-perforated panels and second micro-perforated panels, and one end of the rib is connected to the micro-perforated panel, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first aperture, the second aperture, and the third aperture are all in the range of 0.2 mm to 1 mm; the perforation rate of the micro-perforated panel is in the range of 1.4% to 1.8%, the perforation rate of the first micro-perforated plate is in the range of 0.36% to 2.1%, and the perforation rate of the second micro-perforated plate is in the range of 0.2% to 2.1%; the thickness of the micro-perforated panel, the first micro-perforated plate, and the second micro-perforated plate are all in the range of 0.6 mm to 1 mm; the angle between the adjacent first micro-perforated plate and the second micro-perforated plate is in the range of 120° to 135°.

[0017] In one embodiment, the perforations on the micro-perforated panel are evenly distributed, and the perforations on the micro-perforated corrugated plate are evenly distributed.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, damping glue is provided on a side of the bottom plate facing away from the micro-perforated panel.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a sound absorbing and insulating device, comprising the sound absorbing and insulating structure as described above.

[0020] The above-mentioned sound absorption and insulation device includes at least one of the aforementioned sound absorption and insulation structures, so that the acoustic impedance with the air in at least one direction can satisfy a preset matching relationship in multiple discontinuous first frequency bands, forming multiple sound wave absorption peaks, thereby achieving effective sound absorption and insulation for complex acoustic environments. For example, it can be used for effective sound absorption and insulation for the acoustic environment of large transportation vehicles (trains, motor vehicles, high-speed railways, airplanes, etc.). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 a front view of the illustrated embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of the AA plane;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A graph showing the variation of the sound absorption coefficient of the embodiment and the conventional micro-perforated plate with frequency;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A graph showing the variation of sound insulation of the embodiment and the conventional micro-perforated plate with frequency;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A graph showing the variation of the sound absorption coefficient of the embodiment shown with respect to frequency;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A graph showing the variation of the sound absorption coefficient of the embodiment shown with respect to frequency;

[0031] Fig.10 This is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Component number description:

[0033] 100, sound absorption and insulation structure, 110, micro-perforated panel, 110h, panel perforation, 120, first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate, 121, first micro-perforated plate, 121h, first corrugated plate perforation, 122, second micro-perforated plate, 122h, second corrugated plate perforation, 130, second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate, 131, first micro-perforated plate, 132, second micro-perforated plate, 140, bottom plate, 150, ribs;

[0034] 200, sound absorption and insulation structure, 210, micro-perforated panel, 210h, panel perforation, 220, micro-perforated corrugated plate, 221, first micro-perforated plate, 221h, first corrugated plate perforation, 222, second micro-perforated plate, 222h, second corrugated plate perforation, 230, bottom plate, 240, ribs;

[0035] 300, sound absorption and insulation structure, 310, micro-perforated panel, 310h, panel perforation, 320, micro-perforated corrugated plate, 321, first micro-perforated plate, 321h, first corrugated plate perforation, 322, second micro-perforated plate, 322h, second corrugated plate perforation, 330, bottom plate, 340, ribs;

[0036] 400. Sound absorbing and insulating structure, 410. Micro-perforated panel, 420. First layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate, 430. Second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate, 440. Third layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate, 450. Bottom plate, 460. Ribs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0041] The main disadvantage of traditional micro-perforated panels is that the sound absorption frequency band is narrow and there is usually only one sound absorption peak, which makes it difficult to apply to complex acoustic environments. In addition, micro-perforated panels are usually only used for sound absorption, so their sound insulation effect is relatively limited. Although traditional sandwich sound insulation panels have relatively good sound insulation effects, they have no sound absorption performance, which results in certain restrictions on the conditions of use.

[0042] The present application proposes a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure that has excellent sound-absorbing and sound-insulating performance, a wide sound-absorbing frequency band, and can realize frequency division design for different frequency bands and has multiple sound-absorbing peaks. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure can be widely used in home decoration, industry, construction, and other aspects.

[0043] In some embodiments, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the sound absorbing and insulating structure 100 includes a micro-perforated panel 110, a bottom plate 140, and at least one layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate disposed between the micro-perforated panel 110 and the bottom plate 140. Optionally, the peaks of the micro-perforated corrugated plate of the initial layer are connected to the micro-perforated panel, and the troughs of the micro-perforated corrugated plate of the last layer are connected to the bottom plate. Optionally, the micro-perforated corrugated plate may have an integer number of layers, such as 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, etc. Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the example, the micro-perforated corrugated plate has two layers, namely a first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120 and a second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130, the crest of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120 is connected to the micro-perforated panel 110, the trough of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120 is connected to the crest of the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130, and the trough of the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130 is connected to the bottom plate 140; Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown in the example, the micro-perforated corrugated plate has one layer, namely, micro-perforated corrugated plate 220 and micro-perforated corrugated plate 320; Fig.10 As shown in the example, the micro-perforated corrugated plate has three layers, namely a first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 420 , a second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 430 , and a third layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 440 .

[0044] Optionally, the micro-perforated panel 110 is provided with a plurality of panel perforations 110h, the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120 is provided with a plurality of corrugated plate perforations, and the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130 is provided with a plurality of corrugated plate perforations. Optionally, the perforations on the micro-perforated panel 110 and each micro-perforated corrugated plate may be arranged in a square array, or in a plum blossom or honeycomb array. Optionally, the bottom plate 140 is a thin plate without perforations.

[0045] In other embodiments, the micro-perforated panel 110, at least one layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate and the bottom plate 140 can be connected by bonding, welding, etc. In addition, the material of the micro-perforated panel 110, at least one layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate and the bottom plate 140 can be processed by plastic, metal and other materials according to fire protection and process requirements, for example, polypropylene plastic, PA46 plastic, PPS plastic, copper, aluminum and the like can be selected.

[0046] Further, the micro-perforated panel 110 has a first structural parameter, which is configured to make the micro-perforated panel 110 have a first acoustic impedance; each layer of the micro-perforated corrugated plate has a second structural parameter, which is configured to make the micro-perforated corrugated plate have a second acoustic impedance. Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, the first acoustic impedance is generated by the micro-perforated panel 110 and its back cavity; optionally, the first structural parameter includes the thickness, aperture, perforation rate, and corresponding back cavity depth of the micro-perforated panel 110, which can be independently adjusted, wherein the back cavity depth can be expressed as the distance from the center of each panel perforation 110h along the normal direction of the micro-perforated panel 110 to the micro-perforated corrugated plate, and then the first acoustic impedance Z can be obtained according to Markov theory u . The second acoustic impedance is generated by each layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate and its corresponding back cavity; optionally, the second structural parameters of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120 include independently adjustable thickness, aperture, perforation rate, bending angle, and corresponding back cavity depth of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120, wherein the bending angle can be expressed as the angle between the front and rear micro-perforated plates in the micro-perforated corrugated plate, and the back cavity depth can be expressed as the distance from the center of the perforation of each corrugated plate to the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130 along the normal direction of the micro-perforated panel 110; the second structural parameters of the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130 can be deduced by analogy, and will not be repeated here. Theoretically, since there will be changes in the incident angle and the back cavity depth when the sound wave is incident on the micro-perforated corrugated plate and when the sound wave is incident on the micro-perforated panel 110, the second acoustic impedance Z of each layer can be obtained by introducing relevant parameters such as the sound wave incident angle and back cavity change in Markov theory. mi , where i represents the ordinal number of the micro-perforated corrugated plate. For example, the second acoustic impedance of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120 can be expressed as Z m1 The second acoustic impedance of the second micro-perforated corrugated plate 130 can be expressed as Z m2 , and so on.

[0047] The micro-perforated corrugated plate may have multiple layers, and the multiple layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates are sequentially connected and arranged along the normal direction of the micro-perforated panel 110. Therefore, the overall acoustic impedance Z of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 can be expressed as the series connection of the acoustic impedances of the micro-perforated panel 110 and each layer of the micro-perforated corrugated plate. In other words, the overall acoustic impedance Z of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 can be expressed as: It can be understood that when the micro-perforated corrugated plate is a single layer, the overall acoustic impedance Z of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 can be expressed as Z=Z u +Z m1 On the other hand, the sound absorption coefficient α of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 can be expressed by the overall acoustic impedance Wherein, Z0 represents the acoustic impedance of air. Therefore, by optimizing the first structural parameters of the micro-perforated panel 110 and the second structural parameters of each layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate, the frequency-selective design of the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 can be achieved.

[0048] On this basis, the first structural parameters and the second structural parameters can be further optimized so that the first acoustic impedance Z of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 is within a plurality of discontinuous first frequency bands. u and each second acoustic impedance Z mi The overall acoustic impedance formed by superposition satisfies the preset matching relationship with the acoustic impedance of air. Specifically, when the overall acoustic impedance Z of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 perfectly matches the impedance Z0 of air, the sound absorption coefficient α can take a maximum value, for example, it can be a value close to 1 such as 0.95 to 0.999; optionally, in this application, the value of the sound absorption coefficient α is greater than or equal to a preset value (the preset value can be 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 0.95, etc.) when it is considered to satisfy the aforementioned preset matching relationship, and the frequency band corresponding to the sound wave is considered to be the first frequency band, and correspondingly, when the sound absorption coefficient α is less than the aforementioned preset value, the frequency band corresponding to the sound wave can be considered to be the second frequency band, which is conducive to matching the bandwidth of each sound wave absorption peak according to the sound absorption performance requirements of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure in different scenarios. For example, for scenes with high sound absorption requirements (such as high-speed train cabins, conference rooms, recording studios, hotels, etc.), the frequency band with a sound absorption coefficient greater than or equal to 0.8 or 0.9 can be selected as the first frequency band, and for scenes with low sound absorption requirements, such as rooms in the home, the frequency band with a sound absorption coefficient greater than or equal to 0.6 or 0.7 can be selected as the first frequency band. In the aforementioned multiple discontinuous first frequency bands, when sound waves pass through the micro-perforations and their corresponding back cavities, they can cause repeated friction between the air and the inner wall through resonance to produce a viscous heat effect, resulting in heat loss, thereby greatly consuming sound wave energy and achieving effective sound absorption and insulation.

[0049] In addition, the more layers of the micro-perforated corrugated plate, the more degrees of freedom in regulating the first structural parameter and the second structural parameter, which is more conducive to regulating and forming multiple sound wave absorption peaks, broadening the sound absorption frequency band of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100, and improving the adaptability to complex acoustic environments. It is understandable that the more layers of the micro-perforated corrugated plate, the thicker the overall thickness of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 will be, which will also affect the selection of the sound absorption frequency band. At the same time, the thicker the thickness, the less conducive to the thin design of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100. In summary, technicians can select the appropriate number of layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates according to actual needs, so that the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 can achieve a balance between obtaining the number of sound wave absorption peaks, selecting the sound absorption frequency band, and controlling the thickness of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100.

[0050] Finally, compared with the traditional porous sound-absorbing materials, the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 of the present application utilizes the structure of a sandwich sound-insulating board, and therefore also has a better sound-insulating effect.

[0051] In some embodiments, each layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate includes a plurality of first micro-perforated plates and second micro-perforated plates connected alternately, and adjacent first micro-perforated plates and second micro-perforated plates are arranged at an angle. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the example, the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120 has first micro-perforated plates 121 and second micro-perforated plates 122 connected alternately, and the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130 has first micro-perforated plates 131 and second micro-perforated plates 132 connected alternately. On the other hand, as mentioned above, the first structural parameter includes at least one of the aperture diameter, perforation rate, and thickness of the perforations of the micro-perforated panel 110; the second structural parameter includes at least one of the aperture diameter, perforation rate, and thickness of the perforations of the first micro-perforated plate 121 and the second micro-perforated plate 122, and the angle between the adjacent first micro-perforated plate 121 and the second micro-perforated plate 122, wherein the angle between the adjacent first micro-perforated plate 121 and the second micro-perforated plate 122 can be expressed as the bending angle of the aforementioned micro-perforated corrugated plate, and the corresponding value range is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

[0052] By setting the first micro-perforated plate and the second micro-perforated plate, the perforations on the first micro-perforated plate and the second micro-perforated plate can be regulated respectively, which is beneficial to increase the number of sound wave absorption peaks when the number of layers of the micro-perforated corrugated plate is constant; and, by setting two intersecting micro-perforated plates, it is beneficial to form a triangular support structure, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100.

[0053] In some embodiments, the panel perforation 110h has a first aperture, and the corrugated plate perforation includes a first corrugated plate perforation 121h on the first micro-perforated plate 121 and a second corrugated plate perforation 122h on the second micro-perforated plate, the first corrugated plate perforation 121h has a second aperture, and the second corrugated plate perforation 122h has a third aperture; wherein the first aperture, the second aperture, and the third aperture are all less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0054] By controlling the perforation apertures on the micro-perforated panel and each micro-perforated corrugated plate to be less than 1mm, it is beneficial to achieve sound absorption characteristics with more frequency bands, wider bandwidth, and higher sound absorption coefficient through a more refined impedance matching design, without the need to add additional porous materials inside the sound absorption and insulation structure, while improving performance while reducing the use of materials, which is also beneficial to control costs and reduce environmental pollution. Optionally, the first aperture, the second aperture, and the third aperture are all greater than or equal to 0.2mm and less than or equal to 1mm. In this way, it is more conducive to meeting the sound absorption needs of daily living environments.

[0055] In some embodiments, adjacent layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates are mirror-symmetrical about a surface parallel to the micro-perforated panel, which is helpful to simplify the design and manufacture of the micro-perforated corrugated plates and reduce the preparation cost of the sound absorbing and insulating structure 100.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 further includes a plurality of ribs 150, each of which is disposed between adjacent first and second microperforated plates, and one end of the rib 150 is connected to the microperforated panel 110, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate 140. Optionally, the rib 150 may be disposed at the crest and / or trough of the microperforated corrugated plate, which is conducive to forming a triangular support structure with adjacent microperforated plates inside the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100, thereby further strengthening the structural strength of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100. Optionally, the rib 150 may be evenly arranged at equal intervals inside the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100. Optionally, the rib 150 may be connected to the microperforated panel 110 and the bottom plate 140 by bonding, welding, etc. Optionally, the rib 150 may be integrally formed with the microperforated panel 110 and / or integrally formed with the bottom plate 140. Optionally, the material of the rib 150 may be the same as that of the microperforated panel and the corrugated plate.

[0057] In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the perforations on the micro-perforated panel 110 are evenly distributed, and the perforations on the micro-perforated corrugated plate are evenly distributed. Through the above settings, the hole spacings on the micro-perforated panel 110 and the micro-perforated corrugated plate can be set to a certain value, which is conducive to quickly adjusting the perforation rate on the micro-perforated panel 110 and the micro-perforated corrugated plate during design, and then quickly adjusting the acoustic impedance to achieve a better impedance matching effect, and at the same time, it is also conducive to simplifying the later preparation process and reducing the preparation cost.

[0058] In some embodiments, a damping glue (not shown) is provided on the side of the bottom plate 140 away from the micro-perforated panel 110 to enhance the damping characteristics of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 as a whole, so that the impedance better meets the preset matching relationship. Optionally, the damping glue can be provided on the side of the bottom plate 140 away from the micro-perforated panel 110 by gluing or painting.

[0059] In summary, the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure of the present application combines the characteristics of the micro-perforated plate and the sandwich sound-insulating plate, and has excellent sound-absorbing and sound-insulating performance. Moreover, through the design and selection of the first structural parameter and the second structural parameter, the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure can realize a frequency division design for different frequency bands and thus have multiple sound wave absorption peaks, thereby meeting the sound absorption and sound insulation requirements of complex acoustic environments.

[0060] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 10 Specific examples of the sound absorbing and insulating structure applicable to the above-mentioned embodiments are further described. Specific embodiment 1

[0062] The following reference Figures 1 to 5 A sound absorbing and insulating structure 100 according to a first specific embodiment is described. Figures 1 to 3 A structural schematic diagram of a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure 100 according to a first specific embodiment is shown.

[0063] The specific structure of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 has been described in detail above and will not be repeated here.

[0064] Among them, the first structural parameters of the micro-perforated panel 110 are: the thickness of the micro-perforated panel 110 is 1 mm, the first aperture is 1 mm, and the perforation rate is 1.8%. The second structural parameters of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120 are: the thickness of the first micro-perforated plate 121 and the second micro-perforated plate 122 are both 1 mm, the aperture is both 0.9 mm, the perforation rate is both 2.1%, and the angle between the first micro-perforated plate 121 and the second micro-perforated plate 122 is 120° (i.e., the bending angle of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 120). The second structural parameters of the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130 are: the thickness of the first micro-perforated plate 131 and the second micro-perforated plate 132 are both 0.8 mm, the aperture is both 0.8 mm, the perforation rate is both 0.36%, and the angle between the first micro-perforated plate 131 and the second micro-perforated plate 132 (i.e., the bending angle of the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 130) is 120°.

[0065] Figure 4 The curve of the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 with two layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates as a function of frequency (solid line) is shown, and the curve of the sound absorption coefficient of the conventional micro-perforated plate as a function of frequency (dotted line) with the same thickness (14 mm) is also shown. It can be seen that the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 of this embodiment forms three sound wave absorption peaks between 500 Hz and 5000 Hz, while the conventional micro-perforated plate only forms one sound wave absorption peak between 500 Hz and 5000 Hz. Further, if the sound absorption coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.6 and is regarded as satisfying the preset acoustic impedance matching relationship, the peak sound absorption coefficients of the three sound wave absorption peaks all satisfy the preset matching relationship, and thus, the first frequency band corresponding to the first sound wave absorption peak is approximately 800Hz to 1100Hz, the first frequency band corresponding to the second sound wave absorption peak is approximately 1950Hz to 2200Hz, and the first frequency band corresponding to the third sound wave absorption peak is approximately 4050Hz to 4500Hz; if the sound absorption coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.8 and is regarded as satisfying the preset acoustic impedance matching relationship, the peak sound absorption coefficients of two sound wave absorption peaks (the first and third sound wave absorption peaks) satisfy the preset matching relationship, and thus, the first frequency band corresponding to the first sound wave absorption peak is approximately 900Hz to 1050Hz, and the first frequency band corresponding to the third sound wave absorption peak is approximately 4200Hz to 4400Hz.

[0066] Figure 5 The curve of the sound insulation of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 with two layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates as a function of frequency (solid line) is shown, and the curve of the sound insulation of the traditional micro-perforated plate as a function of frequency (dotted line) with the same thickness is also shown. It can be seen that within the frequency range of 500Hz to 2000Hz, the sound insulation of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 is significantly greater than that of the traditional micro-perforated plate. It can be further inferred that within the frequency range of about 800Hz to 1100Hz and about 1950Hz to 2200Hz, the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 100 can have both excellent sound absorption and insulation performance. Specific embodiment 2

[0068] The following reference Figure 6 to Figure 7 The sound absorbing and insulating structure 200 of the second specific embodiment is described. Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure 200 according to a second specific embodiment is shown.

[0069] The sound-absorbing and insulating structure 200 includes a micro-perforated panel 210, a layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 220, a bottom plate 230, and ribs 240, wherein the micro-perforated corrugated plate 220 is arranged between the micro-perforated panel 210 and the bottom plate 230, and the crest of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 220 is connected to the micro-perforated panel 210, and the trough of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 220 is connected to the bottom plate 230; the rib 240 is arranged between the first micro-perforated plate 221 and the second micro-perforated plate 222 of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 220, and one end is connected to the micro-perforated panel 210, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate 230.

[0070] The first structural parameters of the micro-perforated panel 210 are: the thickness of the micro-perforated panel 210 is 0.6 mm, the first aperture of the panel perforation 210h is 0.8 mm, and the perforation rate is 1.4%. The second structural parameters of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 220 are: the thickness of the first micro-perforated plate 221 and the second micro-perforated plate 222 are both 0.6 mm, the second aperture of the first corrugated plate perforation 221h is 0.8 mm, the third aperture of the second corrugated plate perforation 222h is also 0.8 mm, the perforation rate is both 1.0%, and the angle between the first micro-perforated plate 221 and the second micro-perforated plate 222 (i.e., the bending angle of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 220) is 135°.

[0071] Figure 7 The curve of the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 200 with two layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates changing with frequency is shown. It can be seen that the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 200 of this embodiment forms two sound wave absorption peaks between 500Hz and 5000Hz. Further, if the sound absorption coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.6 and is regarded as satisfying the preset acoustic impedance matching relationship, the peak values ​​of the sound absorption coefficients of the two sound wave absorption peaks both satisfy the preset matching relationship, so that the first frequency band corresponding to the first sound wave absorption peak is approximately 1050Hz to 1525Hz, and the first frequency band corresponding to the second sound wave absorption peak is approximately 2850Hz to 3250Hz; if the sound absorption coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.8 and is regarded as satisfying the preset acoustic impedance matching relationship, the peak values ​​of the sound absorption coefficients of the two sound wave absorption peaks still satisfy the preset matching relationship, so that the first frequency band corresponding to the first sound wave absorption peak is approximately 1350Hz to 1400Hz, and the first frequency band corresponding to the second sound wave absorption peak is approximately 2975Hz to 3200Hz. Specific embodiment three

[0073] The following reference Figures 8 to 9 The sound absorbing and insulating structure 300 of the third specific embodiment is described. Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram of a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure 300 according to a third specific embodiment is shown.

[0074] The sound-absorbing and insulating structure 300 includes a micro-perforated panel 310, a layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate 320, a bottom plate 330, and ribs 340, wherein the micro-perforated corrugated plate 320 is arranged between the micro-perforated panel 310 and the bottom plate 330, and the crest of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 320 is connected to the micro-perforated panel 310, and the trough of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 320 is connected to the bottom plate 330; the rib 340 is arranged between the first micro-perforated plate 321 and the second micro-perforated plate 322 of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 320, and one end is connected to the micro-perforated panel 310, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate 330.

[0075] The first structural parameters of the micro-perforated panel 310 are: the thickness of the micro-perforated panel 310 is 0.6 mm, the first aperture of the panel perforation 310h is 0.8 mm, and the perforation rate is 1.4%. The second structural parameters of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 320 are: the thickness of the first micro-perforated plate 321 and the second micro-perforated plate 322 are both 0.6 mm, the second aperture of the first corrugated plate perforation 321h is 0.8 mm, the third aperture of the second corrugated plate perforation 322h is 0.6 mm, the perforation rate of the first micro-perforated plate 321 is 1.0%, the perforation rate of the second micro-perforated plate 322 is 0.2%, and the angle between the first micro-perforated plate 321 and the second micro-perforated plate 322 (i.e., the bending angle of the micro-perforated corrugated plate 320) is 135°.

[0076] Fig. 9 The curve of the change of the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 300 having a layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate with frequency is shown. It can be seen that the sound-absorbing and insulating structure 300 of this embodiment forms four sound wave absorption peaks between 500Hz and 5000Hz. Further, if the sound absorption coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.6 and is regarded as satisfying the preset acoustic impedance matching relationship, then the peak values ​​of the sound absorption coefficients of the four sound wave absorption peaks all satisfy the preset matching relationship, so that the first frequency band corresponding to the first sound wave absorption peak is approximately 750Hz to 900Hz, the first frequency band corresponding to the second sound wave absorption peak is approximately 1050Hz to 1450Hz, the first frequency band corresponding to the third sound wave absorption peak is approximately 2100Hz to 2500Hz, and the first frequency band corresponding to the fourth sound wave absorption peak is approximately 2900Hz. Hz~3200Hz; if the sound absorption coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.8 and is regarded as satisfying the preset acoustic impedance matching relationship, then the peak values ​​of the sound absorption coefficients of three sound wave absorption peaks (the second, third, and fourth sound wave absorption peaks) satisfy the preset matching relationship, so that the first frequency band corresponding to the second sound wave absorption peak is approximately 1200Hz~1350Hz, the first frequency band corresponding to the third sound wave absorption peak is approximately 2200Hz~2450Hz, and the first frequency band corresponding to the fourth sound wave absorption peak is approximately 3000Hz~3050Hz. Specific embodiment 4

[0078] The following reference Fig.10A sound absorbing and insulating structure 400 according to a fourth specific embodiment is described. Fig.10 A structural schematic diagram of a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure 400 according to a fourth specific embodiment is shown.

[0079] The sound-absorbing and insulating structure 300 includes a micro-perforated panel 410, three layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates, a bottom plate 450, and ribs 460, wherein the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 420, the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 430, and the third layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 440 are sequentially connected and arranged between the micro-perforated panel 410 and the bottom plate 450 along the normal direction of the micro-perforated panel 410, wherein the crest of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 420 is connected to the micro-perforated panel 410, the crest of the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 430 is connected to the trough of the first layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 420, the trough of the second layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 430 is connected to the crest of the third layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 440, and the trough of the third layer of micro-perforated corrugated plates 440 is connected to the bottom plate 450. The ribs 450 are arranged between the adjacent first micro-perforated plates and the second micro-perforated plates of each micro-perforated corrugated plate.

[0080] In addition, the present application provides a sound absorbing and insulating device, comprising the sound absorbing and insulating structure as described above.

[0081] The above-mentioned sound-absorbing and sound-insulating device includes at least one of the above-mentioned sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structures, so that the acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating device can satisfy a preset matching relationship with the air in at least one direction in a plurality of discontinuous first frequency bands, forming a plurality of sound wave absorption peaks, and realizing effective sound absorption and sound insulation for a complex acoustic environment. For example, the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating device can be used as a collection of sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panels for effective sound absorption and sound insulation for the acoustic environment of large transportation vehicles (trains, motor vehicles, high-speed railways, airplanes, etc.), wherein the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panels can include the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structures of the various embodiments described above, and the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating panels can have a variety of shapes according to the surface of the large transportation vehicle to which they are adapted.

[0082] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0083] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A sound absorbing and insulating structure, characterized in that: include: A micro-perforated panel, a bottom plate, and at least one layer of micro-perforated corrugated plate disposed between the micro-perforated panel and the bottom plate; The micro-perforated panel has a first structural parameter, and the first structural parameter is configured to make the micro-perforated panel have a first acoustic impedance; each layer of the micro-perforated corrugated plate has a second structural parameter, and the second structural parameter is configured to make the micro-perforated corrugated plate have a second acoustic impedance; In a plurality of discontinuous first frequency bands, the overall acoustic impedance formed by superposition of the first acoustic impedance and each of the second acoustic impedances satisfies a preset matching relationship with the acoustic impedance of air; and, No porous material is provided inside the sound absorbing and insulating structure; Each layer of the micro-perforated corrugated plate includes a plurality of first micro-perforated plates and second micro-perforated plates connected alternately, and the adjacent first micro-perforated plates and the second micro-perforated plates are arranged at an angle; the first structural parameter includes at least one of the aperture, perforation rate, and thickness of the perforations of the micro-perforated panel; the second structural parameter includes at least one of the aperture, perforation rate, and thickness of the perforations of the first micro-perforated plate and the second micro-perforated plate, and the angle between the adjacent first micro-perforated plate and the second micro-perforated plate; The perforations on the micro-perforated panel have a first aperture, the perforations on the first micro-perforated plate have a second aperture, and the perforations on the second micro-perforated plate have a third aperture; the first aperture, the second aperture, and the third aperture are all in the range of 0.2 mm to 1 mm; the perforation rate of the micro-perforated panel is in the range of 1.4% to 1.8%, the perforation rate of the first micro-perforated plate is in the range of 0.36% to 2.1%, and the perforation rate of the second micro-perforated plate is in the range of 0.2% to 2.1%; the thickness of the micro-perforated panel, the first micro-perforated plate, and the second micro-perforated plate are all in the range of 0.6 mm to 1 mm; the angle between the adjacent first micro-perforated plate and the second micro-perforated plate is in the range of 120° to 135°; The sound absorption and insulation structure further includes a plurality of ribs, each of which is disposed between adjacent first micro-perforated panels and second micro-perforated panels, and one end of the rib is connected to the micro-perforated panel, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate.

2. The sound absorbing and insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-perforated corrugated plate has one layer, two layers, or three layers.

3. The sound absorbing and insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-perforated corrugated plate has multiple layers, and the multiple layers of micro-perforated corrugated plates are sequentially connected and arranged along the normal direction of the micro-perforated panel.

4. The sound absorbing and insulating structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The adjacent layers of the micro-perforated corrugated plates are mirror-symmetrical about a plane parallel to the micro-perforated panel.

5. The sound absorbing and insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforations on the micro-perforated panel are evenly distributed, and the perforations on the micro-perforated corrugated plate are evenly distributed.

6. The sound absorbing and insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A damping glue is arranged on a side of the bottom plate away from the micro-perforated panel.

7. The sound absorbing and insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Within 500 Hz to 5000 Hz, the number of the first frequency bands is 2, or 3, or 4.

8. A sound absorbing and insulating device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sound absorbing and insulating structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images