Method and apparatus for measuring a position of a terminal in a wireless communication system

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a method for a terminal operating in a wireless communication system includes receiving a time difference of arrival (TDoA) slot from an anchor node (AN), and measuring a position of the terminal by using the TDoA slot, wherein the TDoA slot includes control information of the AN and a positioning reference signal (PRS) of the AN.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method for measuring a position of a user equipment using sidelink communication. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication services such as voice or data. Generally, a wireless communication system is a multiple-access system capable of supporting communication for multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple-access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems.

[0003] Wireless communication systems use various radio access technologies (RATs) such as long term evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), and wireless fidelity (WiFi). A fifth generation (5G) is such a wireless communication system. Three key requirement areas for 5G include (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), (2) massive machine type communication (mMTC), and (3) ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Some use cases can require multiple dimensions for optimization, whereas other use cases can focus on one key performance indicator (KPI).

[0004] eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile Internet access and encompasses rich interactive work and media and entertainment applications in cloud or augmented / augmented reality (AR). Data is one of the key drivers for 5G and in the 5G era, we can see for the first time that there is no dedicated speech service. In 5G, voice is expected to be handled as an application using the data connection provided by the communications system. The main drivers for the increase in traffic volume are the growth in the size of content and the increasing number of applications that need high data rates. Streaming services (audio and video), interactive video and mobile broadband internet connectivity will continue to grow in popularity as more devices connect to the internet. Many of these applications require always-on connections to push real-time information and notifications to users. Cloud storage and applications are growing rapidly for mobile communications platforms. This is true for both work and entertainment. Cloud storage is one particular use case that is driving the growth of uplink data rates. 5G will also be used for remote work in the cloud, which requires much lower end-to-end latency when implemented with tactile interfaces to maintain a good user experience. Entertainment, such as cloud gaming and video streaming, is another key driver for the increase in mobile broadband capacity. Entertainment on smartphones and tablets will be essential everywhere, including high mobility environments such as trains, cars and airplanes. Another use case is augmented reality (AR) for entertainment and information search, which requires very low latency and considerable amounts of data at a time.

[0005] One of the most expected 5G use cases is functionality to actively connect embedded sensors in every field, i.e., mMTC. It is expected that there will be 20.4 billion potential Internet of Things (IoT) devices by 2020. In the industrial IoT, 5G is one of the areas that plays a key role in implementing smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture and safety infrastructure.

[0006] URLLC includes services that will transform industries with ultra-reliable / available, low-latency links, such as remote control of critical infrastructure and self-driving vehicles. Reliability and latency levels are essential for smart grid control, industrial automation, robotics, drone control and coordination, etc.

[0007] Now, a plurality of use cases will be described in detail.

[0008] 5G can complement fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS)) as means to provide streaming of high-definition (HD) videos, 4K and beyond, at a data rate per second that is several hundred megabits to several gigabits per second. Television watching and virtual reality (VR) and AR would require such high speed. VR and AR applications mainly include immersive sports games. Specific applications can require specific network configurations. For VR games, for example, game companies can have to integrate core servers with edge network servers of network operators in order to minimize latency.

[0009] The motor vehicle sector is expected to become a very important new driver for 5G, with many use cases for mobile communications for vehicles. For example, entertainment for passengers requires simultaneous high-capacity and high-mobility mobile broadband, as future users will expect to continue their well-quality connections regardless of their location and speed. Other use cases for the motor vehicle sector are AR dashboards. These displays superimpose information on what the driver sees through the front window, identify objects in the dark and tell the driver the distance and movement of the objects. In the future, wireless modules will enable the exchange of information between vehicles themselves, between vehicles and supporting infrastructure, and between vehicles and other connected devices, such as devices carried by pedestrians. Safety systems can guide drivers in alternative action routes to allow them to drive more safely and reduce the risk of accidents. The next stage will be remote-controlled or self-driving vehicles. These require very reliable and very fast communication between different self-driving vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. In the future, self-driving vehicles will perform all driving activities, while the driver focuses on traffic anomalies that the vehicle itself cannot grasp. The technical requirements for self-driving vehicles require ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability, thereby increasing traffic safety to a level that humans cannot achieve.

[0010] Smart cities and smart homes, often referred to as a smart society, will be embedded with dense wireless sensor networks. Distributed networks of smart sensors will identify conditions for cost- and energy-efficient maintenance of cities or homes. Similar setups can be done for each home, with temperature sensors, window and heating controllers, burglar alarms, and home appliances all connected wirelessly. Many of these sensors are typically characterized by low data rate, low power, and low cost, but real-time HD video can be required in some types of devices for monitoring, for example.

[0011] Consumption and distribution of energy, including heat or gas, is becoming highly distributed, creating a need for automated control of very distributed sensor networks. Smart grids use digital information and communication technology to interconnect such sensors to collect and act on information. This information can include information about the behavior of suppliers and consumers, allowing smart grids to be able to improve the efficiency, reliability, economy, and sustainability of production and distribution of fuels such as electricity in an automated manner. Smart grids can be seen as another sensor network with low latency.

[0012] The health sector has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications. Communication systems enable telemedicine, which provides clinical health care at a distance. It helps to remove distance barriers and can improve access to medical services that are often not consistently available in remote rural communities. It is also used to save lives in intensive care and emergency situations. Wireless sensor networks based on mobile communications can provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.

[0013] Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important for industrial applications. Cables are expensive to install and maintain, and the possibility of replacing cables with reconfigurable wireless links is an attractive opportunity for many industries. However, this requires wireless connections to work with similar latency, reliability, and capacity as cables and their management to be simplified. Low latency and very low error probability are new requirements that 5G needs to address.

[0014] Finally, logistics and freight tracking are important use cases of mobile communications that enable tracking of inventory and packages wherever they are by using location-based information systems. The logistics and freight tracking use case typically requires lower data rates, but needs wide coverage and reliable location information.

[0015] A wireless communication system is a multiple access system that supports communication of multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of multiple access systems include CDMA systems, FDMA systems, TDMA systems, OFDMA systems, SC-FDMA systems, and MC-FDMA systems.

[0016] Sidelink (SL) refers to a communication scheme in which a direct link between user equipments (UEs) is established and the UEs directly exchange voice or data without intervention of a base station (BS). The SL is considered as a solution to alleviate the data traffic constraints of the BS that are rapidly increasing.

[0017] Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) is a communication technology in which a vehicle exchanges information with another vehicle, a pedestrian, and infrastructure through wired / wireless communication. V2X can be classified into four types: Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle-to-Network (V2N), and Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P). V2X communication can be provided via a PC5 interface and / or a Uu interface.

[0018] As more and more communication devices require a larger communication capacity, there is a need for enhanced mobile broadband communication relative to existing RATs. Accordingly, a communication system in which reliability- and latency-sensitive services or UEs are considered is under discussion. A next-generation RAT in which eMBB, MTC, and URLLC are considered is referred to as a new RAT or NR. In NR, V2X communication can also be supported.

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating pre-NR RAT-based V2X communication and NR-based V2X communication in comparison.

[0020] For V2X communication, in pre-NR RATs, a technology for providing a safety service based on a V2X message such as a Basic Safety Message (BSM), a Cooperative Awareness Message (CAM), and a Decentralized Environmental Notification Message (DENM) is mainly discussed. The V2X message can include location information, dynamic information, and attribute information. For example, a UE can transmit a CAM of a periodic message type and / or a DENM of an event-triggered type to another UE.

[0021] For example, the CAM can include basic vehicle information including dynamic information such as direction and speed, vehicle static data such as size, exterior lighting status, path details, etc. For example, a UE can broadcast a CAM that can have a latency of less than 100 ms. For example, when an unexpected event such as vehicle breakdown or accident occurs, a UE can generate a DENM and transmit the DENM to another UE. For example, all vehicles within a transmission range of the UE can receive the CAM and / or the DENM. In this case, the DENM can have priority over the CAM.

[0022] Regarding V2X communication, various V2X scenarios are presented in NR. For example, the V2X scenarios include vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving.

[0023] For example, vehicles can be dynamically grouped based on vehicle platooning and travel together. For example, to perform a platooning operation based on vehicle platooning, vehicles of the group can receive periodic data from a leading vehicle. For example, vehicles of the group can widen or narrow their gaps based on the periodic data.

[0024] For example, vehicles can be semi- or fully autonomous based on advanced driving. For example, each vehicle can adjust a trajectory or maneuver based on data obtained from nearby vehicles and / or nearby logical entities. For example, each vehicle can also share driving intentions with nearby vehicles.

[0025] Based on extended sensors, for example, raw or processed data obtained by local sensors or real-time video data can be exchanged between vehicles, logical entities, pedestrians' UEs, and / or V2X application servers. Thus, vehicles can perceive an advanced environment with respect to the environment perceivable by their sensors.

[0026] Based on remote driving, for example, a remote driver or V2X application can operate or control a remote vehicle on behalf of a person who cannot drive or is in a dangerous environment. For example, when a path can be predicted as in public transportation, cloud computing-based driving can be used when operating or controlling a remote vehicle. For example, access to a cloud-based backend service platform can also be used for remote driving.

[0027] In NR-based V2X communication, a scheme for specifying service requirements for various V2X scenarios including vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving is discussed. SUMMARY

[0028] TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0029] One object of the disclosure is to provide information on which time slot structure to use to transmit a sidelink signal for UE positioning.

[0030] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the objects that can be achieved by the present disclosure are not limited to what has been particularly described hereinabove and the above and other objects that can be achieved by the present disclosure will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description.

[0031] TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0032] According to one aspect of the disclosure, a method for performing operations by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system can include receiving a TDoA (Time Difference of Arrival) slot from an anchor node (AN), and measuring a position of the UE using the TDoA slot, wherein the TDoA slot includes control information of the anchor node (AN) and a positioning reference signal (PRS) of the anchor node (AN).

[0033] According to another aspect of the disclosure, a UE for a wireless communication system includes at least one processor.

[0034] According to another aspect of the disclosure, a user equipment (UE) for use in a wireless communication system can include at least one processor, and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and configured to store instructions that cause the at least one processor to perform certain operations by executing the instructions, wherein the certain operations include receiving a TDoA (Time Difference of Arrival) slot from an anchor node (AN), and measuring a location of the UE using the TDoA slot, wherein the TDoA slot includes control information of the anchor node (AN) and a positioning reference signal (PRS) of the anchor node (AN).

[0035] According to another aspect of the disclosure, a processor for performing operations for a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system can include performing the operations, wherein the certain operations include receiving a TDoA (Time Difference of Arrival) slot from an anchor node (AN), and measuring a location of the UE using the TDoA slot, wherein the TDoA slot includes control information of the anchor node (AN) and a positioning reference signal (PRS) of the anchor node (AN).

[0036] According to another aspect of the disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium configured to store at least one computer program including instructions such that at least one processor performs certain operations for a user equipment (UE) by executing the instructions, the computer-readable storage medium can include performing the certain operations, wherein the certain operations include receiving a TDoA (Time Difference of Arrival) slot from an anchor node (AN), and measuring a location of the UE using the TDoA slot, wherein the TDoA slot includes control information of the anchor node (AN) and a positioning reference signal (PRS) of the anchor node (AN).

[0037] In an example embodiment, the control information can include at least one of location information of the anchor node (AN), a positioning quality indicator (PQI) of the anchor node (AN), a PRS pattern of the anchor node (AN), and periodicity information of the TDoA slot used by the anchor node (AN).

[0038] In an example embodiment, the positioning quality indicator (PQI) can indicate reliability of the location information of the anchor node (AN), and the positioning quality indicator (PQI) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

[0039] In an example embodiment, the anchor node (AN) can sense and reserve resources of the TDoA slot such that the control information of the anchor node (AN) and the positioning reference signal (PRS) are transmitted using the reserved resources.

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, the method can further include selecting at least one positioning anchor node (AN) from among the anchor nodes (ANs) using the position information of the ANs or a positioning quality indicator (PQI), wherein the position of the UE is measured considering the at least one positioning anchor node (AN).

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, the method can further include assigning a weight to the at least one positioning anchor node (AN), wherein the position of the UE is measured by further considering the weight.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, the weight can be assigned using the position information of the anchor nodes (ANs) or the PQI of the anchor nodes (ANs).

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, the method can further include broadcasting a TDoA slot from the anchor nodes (ANs).

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, the method can further include sending a request message to the anchor nodes (ANs), wherein the TDoA slot is received as a response to the request message.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, the TDoA slot can further include at least one of an AGC (Automatic Gain Control) symbol and a guard symbol.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, the user equipment (UE) can communicate with at least one of another terminal, a terminal related to an autonomous driving vehicle, a base station (BS), and a network.

[0047] Advantageous Effects

[0048] As is apparent from the above description, embodiments of the disclosure can quickly perform UE positioning using sidelink communication and are capable of independently performing positioning without causing interference to existing V2X slots.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the effects achievable by the disclosure are not limited to what has been particularly described hereinabove and other advantages of the disclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the detailed description, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the disclosure. In the drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a comparison between a pre-new radio access technology (NR) RAT-based vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication and an NR-based V2X communication.

[0052] Figure 2FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an NR radio frame to which embodiments of the disclosure are applicable.

[0053] Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a slot structure in an NR frame according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0054] Figure 4 FIG. 3 illustrates a UE performing V2X or SL communication according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0055] Figure 5 FIG. 4 illustrates a resource unit for V2X or SL communication according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0056] Figure 6 FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating three cast types according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0057] Figure 7 FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary architecture in a 5G system for positioning a UE that has accessed an NG-RAN or an evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0058] Figure 8 FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an implementation example of a network for positioning a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0059] Figure 9 FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary protocol layer for supporting LTE positioning protocol (LPP) message transfer between an LMF and a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0060] Figure 10 FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary protocol layer for supporting NR positioning protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transfer between an LMF and an NG-RAN node according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0061] Figure 11 FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival) positioning method according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0062] Figures 12 to 15 FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0063] Figures 16 to 25 FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating various devices to which embodiments of the disclosure are applicable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In various embodiments of the disclosure, “ / ” and “,” should be interpreted as “and / or”. For example, “A / B” can mean “A and / or B”. Also, “A, B” can mean “A and / or B”. Also, “A / B / C” can mean “at least one of A, B, and / or C”. Also, “A, B, C” can mean “at least one of A, B, and / or C”.

[0065] In various embodiments of the disclosure, “or” should be interpreted as “and / or”. For example, “A or B” can include “only A”, “only B”, and / or “both A and B”. In other words, “or” should be interpreted as “additionally or alternatively”.

[0066] The techniques described herein can be used in various radio access systems such as a code division multiple access (CDMA), a frequency division multiple access (FDMA), a time division multiple access (TDMA), an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), etc. The CDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. The TDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as global system for mobile communications (GSM) / general packet radio service (GPRS) / enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). The OFDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), etc. IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e, providing backward compatibility with an IEEE 802.16e-based system. The UTRA is a part of a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS). The third generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) is a part of an evolved UMTS (E-UMTS). The 3GPP LTE employs the OFDMA for downlink (DL) and employs the SC-FDMA for uplink (UL). The LTE-A is an evolution of the 3GPP LTE.

[0067] LTE-A, a successor of fifth generation (5G) new radio access technology (NR), is a new clean-state mobile communication system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. The 5G NR can use all available spectrum resources including low frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high frequencies (millimeter) bands of 24 GHz or more.

[0068] Although the following description is mainly given in the context of LTE-A or 5G NR for the sake of clarity of description, technical ideas of embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0069] Figure 2 A radio frame structure in NR to which embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable is illustrated.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 1, in a wireless communication system, a BS (for example, gNB) and a UE (for example, a device) can be present. The BS is connected to a 5G-EPC and / or a 5G core network (5GCN) and can transmit and receive data to and from the 5G-EPC and / or the 5GCN. The BS can transmit and receive a signal to and from the UE. Figure 2 A radio frame can be used for UL transmission and DL transmission in NR. The length of one radio frame is 10 ms, and can be defined by two 5-ms half frames. One HF can include five 1-ms subframes. One subframe can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a SF can be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). According to a cyclic prefix (CP), each slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols.

[0071] In a normal CP (NCP) case, each slot can include 14 symbols, and in an extended CP (ECP) case, each slot can include 12 symbols. Herein, a symbol can be an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) or an SC-FDMA symbol (or DFT-s-OFDM symbol).

[0072] Table 1 below lists the number of symbols per slot N slot symb , the number of slots per frame N frame,u slot , and the number of slots per subframe N subframe,u slot .

[0073] [Table 1]

[0074] SCS (15*2u) <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]>

[0002] N

[0003] frame,u

[0004] slot

[0005] ]]

[0006] N subframe,u slot ]] 15 KHz (u=0) 14 10 1 30 KHz (u=1) 14 20 2 60 KHz (u=2) 14 40 4 120 KHz (u=3) 14 80 8 240 KHz (u=4) 14 160 16

[0075] Table 2 below lists the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to SCS in the ECP case.

[0076] [Table 2]

[0077] SCS (15*2^u) N slot symb ]]> N frame,u slot ]] N subframe,u slot <!-- 6 -->]]> 60 KHz (u=2) 12 40 4

[0078] In the NR system, different OFDM(A) numerologies (for example, SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured for a plurality of cells aggregated for one UE. Accordingly, the (absolute time) duration of a time resource (for convenience, collectively referred to as a time unit (TU)) including the same number of symbols (for example, subframe, slot, or TTI) can be configured to be different for the aggregated cells.

[0079] In NR, various numerologies or SCSs can be supported to support various 5G services. For example, with 15 kHz SCS, a wide area in a legacy cellular band can be supported, while with 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS, a dense urban area, lower latency, and wide carrier bandwidth can be supported. With 60 kHz or higher SCS, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0080] An NR band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges, FR1 and FR2. Numerals in each frequency range can be changed. For example, the two types of frequency ranges can be given in [Table 3]. In the NR system, FR1 can be a "sub-6 GHz range," and FR2 can be a "above-6 GHz range" called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0081] [Table 3]

[0082] Frequency Range Designation Corresponding Frequency Range Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) FR1 450MHz-6000MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

[0083] As mentioned above, numerals in a frequency range can be changed in the NR system. For example, a range of FR1 can be 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as listed in [Table 4]. That is, FR1 can include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, and 5925 MHz) or above. For example, the frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, and 5925 MHz) or above can include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band can be used for various purposes, for example, vehicle communication (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0084] [Table 4]

[0085] Frequency Range Designation Corresponding Frequency Range Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) FR1 410MHz-7125MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

[0086] Figure 3 A slot structure in an NR frame according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0087] Reference Figure 3 A slot includes a plurality of symbols in the time domain. For example, one slot can include 14 symbols in the NCP case, and 12 symbols in the ECP case. Alternatively, one slot can include 7 symbols in the NCP case, and 6 symbols in the ECP case.

[0088] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in a frequency domain. One RB can be defined by multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) can be defined by multiple consecutive (physical) RBs ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain and correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be made in an activated BWP. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid to which one complex symbol can be mapped.

[0089] The radio interface between UEs or between a UE and a network can include L1, L2, and L3. In various embodiments of the disclosure, L1 can refer to a PHY layer. For example, L2 can refer to at least one of a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP layer, or an SDAP layer. For example, L3 can refer to an RRC layer.

[0090] Hereinafter, V2X or SL (Sidelink) communication will be described.

[0091] Figure 4 A UE performing V2X or SL communication according to one embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0092] Reference Figure 4 In V2X or SL communication, the term UE can primarily refer to a UE of a user. However, when a network device such as a BS transmits and receives a signal according to a communication scheme between UEs, the BS can also be regarded as a kind of UE. For example, UE 1 can be a first device 100, and UE 2 can be a second device 200.

[0093] For example, UE 1 can select a resource unit corresponding to a specific resource in a resource pool, which represents a resource set. Then, UE 1 can transmit a SL signal through the resource unit. For example, UE 2 as a receiving UE can receive a configuration of a resource pool in which UE 1 can transmit a signal, and can detect a signal of UE 1 in the resource pool.

[0094] Here, when UE 1 is within a connection range of a BS, the BS can inform UE 1 of a resource pool. On the other hand, when UE 1 is outside the connection range of the BS, another UE can inform UE 1 of a resource pool, or UE 1 can use a pre-configured resource pool.

[0095] Generally, a resource pool can be composed of multiple resource units, and each UE can select one or more resource units and transmit a SL signal through the selected units.

[0096] Figure 5 A resource unit for V2X or SL communication is illustrated.

[0097] Reference Figure 5 The frequency resources of a resource pool can be divided into NF sets, and the time resources of the resource pool can be divided into NT sets. Thus, a total of NF*NT resource units can be defined in the resource pool. Figure 8 An exemplary case where a resource pool is repeated with a period of NT subframes is shown.

[0098] As shown in Figure 5 , one resource unit (e.g., unit #0) can periodically reoccur. Alternatively, in order to obtain a diversity effect in the time or frequency domain, the index of the physical resource unit to which one logical resource unit is mapped can change with time in a predetermined pattern. In this resource unit structure, a resource pool can represent a set of resource units available for use by a UE intending to transmit a SL signal.

[0099] A resource pool can be subdivided into several types. For example, according to the content in a SL signal transmitted in each resource pool, the resource pool can be divided as follows.

[0100] (1) A scheduling assignment (SA) can be a signal including information such as the location of a resource through which a transmitting UE transmits a SL data channel, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme required for demodulating other data channels, and a timing advance (TA). The SA can be multiplexed with a SL data and transmitted through the same resource unit. In this case, an SA resource pool can represent a resource pool in which the SA is multiplexed with the SL data and transmitted. The SA can be referred to as a SL control channel.

[0101] (2) A SL data channel (physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH)) can be a resource pool through which a transmitting UE transmits user data. When the SA and the SL data are multiplexed in the same resource unit and transmitted, only the SL data channel other than the SA information can be transmitted in the resource pool for the SL data channel. In other words, a resource element (RE) used to transmit the SA information in an individual resource unit in the SA resource pool can still be used to transmit the SL data in the resource pool for the SL data channel. For example, the transmitting UE can map and transmit the PSSCH to contiguous PRBs.

[0102] (3) A discovery channel can be a resource pool for a transmitting UE to transmit information such as its ID. Through this channel, the transmitting UE can allow a neighboring UE to discover the transmitting UE.

[0103] Even when the above SL signals have the same content, they can use different resource pools according to transmission / reception properties of the SL signals. For example, even when the SL data channel or discovery message is the same among the signals, it can be classified into different resource pools according to determination of SL signal transmission timing (e.g., transmission at a reception time of a synchronization reference signal or transmission by applying a predetermined TA at the reception time), a resource allocation scheme (e.g., the BS designates separate signal transmission resources to separate transmission UEs or separate transmission UEs select separate signal transmission resources in a resource pool), a signal format (e.g., the number of symbols occupied by each SL signal in a subframe, or the number of subframes used to transmit one SL signal), signal strength from the BS, transmission power strength of the SL UE, etc.

[0104] Sidelink control information (SCI) will be described below.

[0105] While control information transmitted from a BS to a UE on a PDCCH is referred to as DCI, control information transmitted from one UE to another UE on a PSCCH can be referred to as SCI. For example, a UE can know a starting symbol of a PSCCH and / or a number of symbols in the PSCCH before decoding the PSCCH. For example, the SCI can include SL scheduling information. For example, a UE can transmit at least one SCI to another UE to schedule a PSSCH. For example, one or more SCI formats can be defined.

[0106] For example, a transmitting UE can transmit an SCI to a receiving UE on a PSCCH. The receiving UE can decode one SCI to receive a PSSCH from the transmitting UE.

[0107] For example, a transmitting UE can transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCI) to a receiving UE on a PSCCH and / or a PSSCH. The receiving UE can decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCI) to receive a PSSCH from the transmitting UE. For example, when dividing SCI configuration fields into two groups considering a (relatively) large SCI payload size, an SCI including a first group of SCI configuration fields is referred to as a first SCI. An SCI including a second group of SCI configuration fields can be referred to as a second SCI. For example, a transmitting UE can transmit a first SCI to a receiving UE on a PSCCH. For example, a transmitting UE can transmit a second SCI to a receiving UE on a PSCCH and / or a PSSCH. For example, the second SCI can be transmitted to the receiving UE on a (stand-alone) PSCCH or on a PSSCH in which the second SCI is piggybacked on data. For example, the two consecutive SCIs can be applied to different transmissions (e.g., unicast, broadcast, or groupcast).

[0108] For example, the transmitting UE can transmit all or part of the following information to the receiving UE through the SCI. For example, the transmitting UE can transmit all or part of the following information to the receiving UE through the first SCI and / or the second SCI.

[0109] - PSSCH-related resource allocation information and / or PSCCH-related resource allocation information, for example, location / quantity of time / frequency resources, resource reservation information (e.g., periodicity), and / or

[0110] - SL channel state information (CSI) reporting request indicator or SL (L1) RSRP (and / or SL (L1) reference signal received quality (RSRQ) and / or SL (L1) received signal strength indicator (RSSI)) reporting request indicator, and / or

[0111] - SL CSI transmission indicator (on PSSCH) (or SL (L1) RSRP (and / or SL (L1) RSRQ and / or SL (L1) RSSI) information transmission indicator), and / or

[0112] - MCS information, and / or

[0113] - Transmission power information, and / or

[0114] - L1 destination ID information and / or L1 source ID information, and / or

[0115] - SL HARQ process ID information, and / or

[0116] - New data indicator (NDI) information, and / or

[0117] - Redundancy version (RV) information, and / or

[0118] - QoS information (related to the transmitted traffic / packets), for example, priority information, and / or

[0119] - SL CSI-RS transmission indicator or information on the number of SL CSI-RS antenna ports (to be transmitted);

[0120] - Information on the location of the transmitting UE or information on the location (or distance area) of the target receiving UE (requested to transmit SL HARQ feedback), and / or

[0121] - RS (e.g., DMRS, etc.) information related to decoding and / or channel estimation of data transmitted on PSSCH, for example, information related to the pattern of (time-frequency) mapping resources of DMRS, rank information, and antenna port index information.

[0122] For example, the first SCI can include information related to channel sensing. For example, the receiving UE can use the PSSCH DMRS to decode the second SCI. A polar code for the PDCCH can be applied to the second SCI. For example, the payload size of the first SCI can be equal for unicast, groupcast, and broadcast in a resource pool. After decoding the first SCI, the receiving UE does not need to perform blind decoding on the second SCI. For example, the first SCI can include scheduling information about the second SCI.

[0123] In various embodiments of the disclosure, since the transmitting UE can transmit at least one of the SCI, the first SCI, or the second SCI to the receiving UE on the PSCCH, the PSCCH can be replaced with at least one of the SCI, the first SCI, or the second SCI. Additionally or alternatively, for example, the SCI can be replaced with at least one of the PSCCH, the first SCI, or the second SCI. Additionally or alternatively, for example, since the transmitting UE can transmit the second SCI to the receiving UE on the PSSCH, the PSSCH can be replaced with the second SCI.

[0124] Figure 6 FIG. illustrates three cast types according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

[0125] Specifically, Figure 6 (a) of FIG. 1 illustrates a broadcast type of SL communication, Figure 6 (b) of FIG. 1 illustrates a unicast type of SL communication, and Figure 6 (c) of FIG. 1 illustrates a groupcast type of SL communication. In the unicast type of SL communication, a UE can perform one-to-one communication with another UE. In the groupcast type of SL communication, a UE can perform SL communication with one or more UEs belonging to a group to which the UE belongs. According to various embodiments of the disclosure, SL groupcast communication can be replaced with SL multicast communication, SL one-to-many communication, or the like.

[0126] Now, a description of positioning will be given.

[0127] Figure 7 FIG. illustrates an exemplary architecture of a 5G system capable of positioning a UE connected to an NG-RAN or an E-UTRAN according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0128] Referring to Figure 7The AMF can receive a request for a location service related to a particular target UE from another entity such as a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) or can autonomously determine to initiate a location service on behalf of a particular target UE. The AMF can then send a location service request to a location management function (LMF). Upon receiving the location service request, the LMF can process the location service request and return a processing result including information of an estimated location of the UE to the AMF. On the other hand, when receiving a location service request from another entity such as a GMLC, the AMF can deliver the processing result received from the LMF to the other entity.

[0129] A next generation evolved NB (ng-eNB) and a gNB, which are network elements of an NG-RAN capable of providing measurement results for positioning, can measure radio signals of a target UE and send a result value to an LMF. The ng-eNB can also control some transmission points (TPs) such as a remote radio head supporting a PRS-based beacon system for E-UTRA or a positioning reference signal (PRS) dedicated TP.

[0130] The LMF is connected to an enhanced serving mobile location center (E-SMLC) and the E-SMLC can enable the LMF to access an E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC can enable the LMF to support observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA), which is one of the positioning methods in an E-UTRAN, by using DL measurements obtained by a target UE through signals transmitted by eNBs and / or PRS dedicated TPs in the E-UTRAN.

[0131] The LMF can be connected to a SUPL location platform (SLP). The LMF can support and manage different location determination services for a target UE. The LMF can interact with a serving ng-eNB or a serving gNB of the target UE to obtain location measurement results of the UE. To locate the target UE, the LMF can determine a positioning method based on a location service (LCS) client type, QoS requirements, UE positioning capabilities, gNB positioning capabilities, and ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and apply the positioning method to the serving gNB and / or the serving ng-eNB. The LMF can determine additional information such as a location estimate of the target UE and an accuracy and a velocity of the location estimate. The SLP is a secure user plane location (SUPL) entity responsible for positioning through a user plane.

[0132] The UE can measure the DL signals through sources such as the NG-RAN and the E-UTRAN, different global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), a terrestrial beacon system (TBS), a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point, a Bluetooth beacon, and a UE barometric sensor. The UE can include an LCS application and access the LCS application through communication with a network to which the UE is connected or through another application included in the UE. The LCS application can include measurement and calculation functions required to determine the location of the UE. For example, the UE can include an independent positioning function such as a global positioning system (GPS) and report the location of the UE independently of the NG-RAN transmission. The independently obtained positioning information can be used as assistance information for the positioning information obtained from the network.

[0133] Figure 8 FIG. 13 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a network for positioning a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0134] When a location service request is received while the UE is in a connected management-IDLE (CM-IDLE) state, the AMF can establish a signaling connection with the UE and request the network to trigger a service assignment of a specific service gNB or ng-eNB. In Figure 8 This operation is not shown in the middle. That is, Figure 8 The assumption that the UE is in a connected mode can be based on. However, due to signaling and data deactivation during positioning, the signaling connection can be released by the NG-RAN.

[0135] Reference Figure 8 The network operation for positioning a UE will be described in detail. In step 1a, a 5GC entity such as a GMLC can request a serving AMF for a location service for a target UE for positioning. However, even if the GMLC does not request a location service, the serving AMF can determine that a location service for a target UE for positioning is required in step 1b. For example, in order to position a UE for an emergency call, the serving AMF can determine to directly perform a location service.

[0136] The AMF can then transmit a location service request to the LMF in step 2, and the LMF can start a positioning procedure with a serving eNB and a serving gNB in step 3a to obtain positioning data or positioning assistance data. In addition, the LMF can initiate a positioning procedure for DL positioning with the UE in step 3b. For example, the LMF can transmit positioning assistance data (assistance data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355) to the UE or obtain a position estimate or a position measurement result. Although step 3b can be additionally performed after step 3a, step 3b can be performed instead of step 3a.

[0137] In step 4, the LMF can provide a location service response to the AMF. The location service response can include information indicating whether the location estimate of the UE was successful and the location estimate of the UE. Then, when the procedure of Figure 8 is initiated in step la, the AMF can deliver the location service response to a 5GC entity such as a GMLC. When the procedure of Figure 8 is initiated in step lb, the AMF can use the location service response to provide a location service related to an emergency call or the like.

[0138] Figure 9 FIGURE illustrates exemplary protocol layers for supporting LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) message transfer between an LMF and a UE according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0139] An LPP PDU can be sent in a NAS PDU between an AMF and a UE. Referring to Figure 9 , LPP can be terminated between a target device (e.g., a UE in control plane or a SUPL enabled terminal (SET) in user plane) and a location server (e.g., an LMF in control plane or an SLP in user plane). LPP messages can be sent in transparent PDUs over an intermediate network interface by using an appropriate protocol such as an NG Application Protocol (NGAP) via an NG- Control Plane (NG-C) interface or NAS / RRC via LTE-Uu and NR-Uu interfaces. LPP allows positioning of NR and LTE using various positioning methods.

[0140] For example, a target device and a location server can exchange capability information, positioning assistance data, and / or location information with each other through LPP. In addition, through LPP messages, error information and / or an interruption of an LPP procedure can be indicated.

[0141] Figure 10 FIGURE illustrates exemplary protocol layers for supporting NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transfer between an LMF and an NG-RAN node according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0142] NRPPa can be used for information exchange between an NG-RAN node and an LMF. Specifically, NRPPa enables exchange of measurement with enhanced cell ID (E-CID), data for supporting OTDOA positioning, and cell ID and cell location ID for NR cell ID positioning sent from an ng-eNB to an LMF. Even in the case where there is no information about a related NRPPa transaction, an AMF can route an NRPPa PDU based on a routing ID of a related LMF via an NG-C interface.

[0143] The procedures of the NRPPa protocol for positioning and data collection can be divided into two types. One of the two types is a UE-associated procedure for delivering information about a specific UE (e.g., positioning information), and the other type is a non-UE-associated procedure for delivering information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and related TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNB / TP timing information). Both types of procedures can be supported independently or simultaneously.

[0144] Positioning methods supported by the NG-RAN include GNSS, OTDOA, E-CID, barometric sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, terrestrial beacon system (TBS), and UL time difference of arrival (UTDOA). Although a UE can be positioned using any one of the above positioning methods, the UE can be positioned using two or more positioning methods.

[0145] (1) Observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA)

[0146] Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an OTDOA positioning method according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0147] In the OTDOA positioning method, a UE utilizes the measured timing of DL signals received from a plurality of TPs including eNBs, ng-eNBs, and PRS dedicated TPs. The UE measures the timing of the received DL signals using positioning assistance data received from a location server. The location of the UE can be determined based on the measurement results and geographic coordinates of neighboring TPs.

[0148] A UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap for OTDOA measurement from a TP. When the UE fails to identify a single frequency network (SFN) for at least one TP in OTDOA assistance data, the UE can acquire the SFN of an OTDOA reference cell using an autonomous gap before requesting a measurement gap in which to measure a reference signal time difference (RSTD).

[0149] The RSTD can be defined based on the minimum relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from a reference cell and a measurement cell, respectively. That is, the RSTD can be calculated as the relative timing difference between the time at which a UE receives the start of a subframe from a reference cell and the time at which the UE receives the start of a subframe closest to the subframe received from the reference cell from a measurement cell. The reference cell can be selected by the UE.

[0150] For accurate OTDOA measurements, it is necessary to measure the time of arrival (TOA) of signals received from three or more geographically distributed TPs or BSs. For example, the TOAs of TPs 1, 2, and 3 can be measured, RSTDs of TPs 1-2, 2-3, and 3-1 can be calculated based on the three TOAs, hyperbolas can be determined from the calculated RSTDs, and a point at which the hyperbolas intersect can be estimated as the location of the UE. Accuracy and / or uncertainty can be involved in each TOA measurement, and thus the estimated UE location can be considered to be a certain range according to the measurement uncertainty.

[0151] For example, the RSTD of two TPs can be calculated by Equation 1.

[0152] [Equation 1]

[0153]

[0154] In Equation 1, "c" is the speed of light, {xt, yt} is the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {xi, yi} is the coordinates of the (known) TPs, and {x1, y1} is the coordinates of the reference TP (or another TP). (Ti - T1) is the transmission time offset between two TPs, which can be referred to as a "true time difference" (RTD), and ni and n1 can represent values related to UE TOA measurement errors.

[0155] (2) E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0156] In cell ID (CID) positioning, the location of a UE can be measured based on geographic information about the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell of the UE. For example, the geographic information about the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

[0157] For E-CID positioning, additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources can be used in addition to the CID positioning method to improve UE location estimation. In the E-CID positioning method, although some of the same measurement methods as in the measurement control system of the RRC protocol can be used, additional measurements are generally performed not only for positioning the UE. In other words, a separate measurement configuration or measurement control message can not be provided to position the UE, and the UE can also report measurement values obtained through generally available measurement methods without expecting an additional measurement operation requested only for positioning.

[0158] For example, the serving gNB can implement the E-CID positioning method using E-UTRA measurement results received from the UE.

[0159] Exemplary measurement elements that may be used for E-CID positioning are given below.

[0160] -UE measurements: E-UTRA RSRP, E-UTRA RSRQ, UE E-UTRA RX-TX time difference, GSM EDGE Random Access Network (GERAN) / WLAN RSSI, UTRAN Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP), and UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io.

[0161] E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB RX-TX time difference, timing advance (TADV), and angle of arrival (AoA)

[0162] TADV can be classified into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

[0163] TADV type 1 = (ng-eNB RX-TX time difference) + (UE E-UTRA RX-TX time difference)

[0164] TADV type 2 = ng-eNB RX-TX time difference

[0165] On the other hand, AoA can be used to measure the direction of the UE. AoA can be defined as the estimated angle of the UE relative to the UE's position counterclockwise from the BS / TP. The geographic reference direction can be north. The BS / TP can use UL signals such as sounding reference signals (SRS) and / or DMRS for AoA measurement. The larger the antenna array is, the higher the measurement accuracy of AoA. When the antenna array is arranged at the same interval, the signals received at adjacent antenna elements can have a constant phase change (phase rotation).

[0166] (3) UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival)

[0167] UTDOA is a method for determining the UE's location by estimating the arrival time of the SRS. When the estimated SRS arrival time is calculated, the serving cell can be used as a reference cell to estimate the UE's location based on the arrival time difference with another cell (or BS / TP). To implement the UTDOA method, the E-SMLC can instruct the serving cell of the target UE to instruct the target UE to transmit SRS. In addition, the E-SMLC can provide configurations such as whether the SRS is periodic / aperiodic, bandwidth, and frequency / group / sequence hopping.

[0168] Embodiments

[0169] The disclosure proposes a method and procedure for enabling a UE to efficiently perform TDoA positioning (UE-based sidelink TDoA) using a sidelink in an NR-V2X system.

[0170] Specifically, the disclosure proposes independent TDoA slot insertion distinguished from existing NR-V2X slots in a sidelink NR-V2X system. The proposed TDoA slot can have a structure including both PSCCH for transmitting sidelink control information (SCI) of an anchor node (AN) required for UE positioning and a positioning reference signal (PRS) for measuring time of arrival (ToA). Accordingly, a UE can perform a simple positioning operation by receiving a TDoA slot from an AN. In addition, the disclosure proposes a method for enabling a UE to efficiently perform 1) a broadcast TDoA mode and 2) an on-demand TDoA mode using a TDoA slot structure, and describes a procedure for performing each mode.

[0171] The disclosure relates to a method of measuring a position of a UE by a sidelink from a UE and an AN in an NR-V2X system. Specifically, the disclosure relates to a method for enabling a UE to receive necessary information from an AN and perform positioning. Here, the UE can be a mobile device, a V2X module, or an IoT device, and the AN can be a base station (BS) and / or a UE. In this case, the BS serving as the AN can include an eNB, a gNB, LTE-LAA, NR-U, a TP (transmission point), a remote head control (RHC), and a gNB-type RSU (roadside unit) capable of providing fixed (or absolute) position information. On the other hand, the UE serving as the AN can include a UE capable of providing high-reliability position information and a UE-type RSU capable of providing fixed position information. In addition, TDoA positioning can include ToA positioning, such that the proposed slot structure for TDoA and the procedure for performing TDoA can be equally applied to TDoA positioning.

[0172] Among the above general positioning techniques, UE positioning based on NR system OTDoA (Observed TDoA) can allow a location server / LMF and / or an AN to transmit a request to a UE, so that the UE can measure RSTD information required for OTDoA positioning, and can report the measured RSTD information through a Uu interface. Thereafter, the UE position is measured using the received RSTD, and the measured UE position is retransmitted to the UE. The UE positioning method based on the location server / LMF and / or the AN can eventually reduce the reliability of information by eventually causing a large delay until the UE receives the position information. In particular, the physical delay generated in the positioning operation can significantly reduce the reliability of information in proportion to the increase in the speed of the UE in the NR-V2X system. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, the disclosure can consider a method for enabling a UE to directly perform TDoA positioning.

[0173] Hereinafter, main features proposed in the present disclosure are summarized as follows.

[0174] The present disclosure proposes a method of using a TDoA time slot as a method for efficiently performing TDoA positioning using a side link in an NR-V2X system, and also proposes the use of two operation modes using the TDoA time slot. Meanwhile, the TDoA time slot may be a time slot structure used for UE positioning.

[0175] – TDoA slot structure for sidelink TDoA positioning

[0176] The TDoA slot structure is an independent slot distinct from the sidelink NR-V2X slot and may include a PSCCH for providing the SCI of the AN and the PRS for ToA measurement. Here, the PSCCH may include the location information of the AN, the positioning quality indicator (PQI) related to the AN location information, the PRS pattern (or PRS ID) information used in the AN, the TDoA slot cycle information used by the AN, etc. Depending on the TDoA operation mode, configuration information related to other TDoA slots may be included in the PSCCH or may not be included in the PSCCH.

[0177] Positioning method for TDoA time slot structure

[0178] ○ Broadcast TDoA positioning mode

[0179] The AN may periodically broadcast PSCCH information and PRS required for the UE to perform TDoA positioning through the TDoA time slot. The UE may periodically receive the PSCCH information and PRS through the TDoA time slot and thereby perform TDoA positioning.

[0180] ○ On-demand TDoA positioning mode

[0181] After receiving the request for TDoA positioning information from the UE, the AN can send the PSCCH information and PRS required for the UE's TDoA positioning through the time slot. In addition, the UE can receive the PSCCH information and PRS through the TDoA time slot to perform such TDoA positioning.

[0182] The following embodiments described below are applicable independently and can be applied simultaneously.

[0183] TdoA slot

[0184] The TDoA slot structure used for sidelink TDoA positioning will be described in detail below.

[0185] Figures 12 to 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDoA slot structure.

[0186] A TDoA slot can be a slot proposed for efficient execution of a sidelink TDoA positioning in an NR-V2X experience system.

[0187] Referring to Figure 12 , the TDoA slot 1200 can be separately configured after being distinguished from the NR-V2X slot 1300. According to a method for minimizing not only interference to an NR-V2X service caused by addition of a sidelink TDoA positioning operation to a conventional sidelink NR-V2X system but also signaling overhead for a positioning operation, the TDoA slot 1200 can be inserted into an array of the NR-V2X slot 1300 using TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access). That is, in order to simplify a TDoA positioning operation, a TDoA positioning dedicated TDoA slot distinguished from an NR-V2X slot can be configured, and the TDoA slot can be inserted into a conventional NR-V2X slot array.

[0188] On the other hand, the TDoA slot described in the present disclosure can be a slot to which a PRS for UE positioning can be transmitted, and can also be referred to by various names such as a PRS slot, a positioning slot, etc.

[0189] More specifically, the TDoA slot 1200 can not allow NR-V2X service transmission to minimize interference to the NR-V2X service. Accordingly, the TDoA slot and the NR-V2X slot can coexist without interfering with each other. In addition, the TDoA slot can be arranged in various ways according to a TDoA operation and an NR-V2X system operation method. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of TDoA slots can be sequentially arranged in the order of TDoA slot-0 to TDoA slot-(T-1). Here, T denotes the number of consecutive TDoA slots. In this case, each TDoA slot can repeatedly have the same PSCCH and PRS information. When the number of ANs exceeds the number of ANs supported by one TDoA slot, different PSCCHs and different PRSs can be allocated to each TDoA slot. In other words, each of the T TDoA slots can include the same PSCCH and PRS information. Alternatively, if the number of ANs exceeds the number of ANs supported by one TDoA slot, the PSCCH and the PRS of the ANs can be included in two or more TDoA slots, and the two or more TDoA slots can be repeated. Figure 12

[0190] In addition, the TDoA slot 1200 can be periodically or aperiodically arranged and used. TDoA operation modes and related operations considering the TDoA slot structure will be described later.

[0191] ​On the other hand, the TDoA slot 1200 can include a PSCCH pool 1210 and a PRS pool 1220. In this case, the PSCCH pool 1210 can include a plurality of PSCCHs, and each PSCCH can transmit SCI information for each SN required for TDoA positioning of a UE. In this case, the SCI can include AN position information, PQI (Positioning Quality Indicator) information for determining accuracy or QoS of the AN position information, PRS pattern information used in the AN, periodicity information of the TDoA slot used in the AN, etc.

[0192] Further, the PRS pool 1220 can include a plurality of PRS patterns, and different PRS patterns can be used by each AN. Detailed descriptions related to the PSCCH pool and the PRS pool will be described later.

[0193] The TDoA slot can basically include a subchannel, a PRS, an AGC (Automatic Gain Control) symbol, and a guard symbol.

[0194] Reference Figure 13 , the TDoA slot can include a PSCCH pool 1210, a PRS pool 1220, an AGC (Automatic Gain Control) symbol 1230, and a guard symbol 1240. The PSCCH pool 1210 can include a plurality of subchannels 1211. Each subchannel can be assigned to a different AN.

[0195] - Subchannel: A subchannel that can include a plurality of RBs is located before the PRS pool 1220 or after the AGC symbol 1230, and each subchannel can be assigned to one AN. In addition, the size and the number of subchannels used in one TDoA slot can be determined according to the PSSCH size of each AN, and can be predefined, or can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or the AN.

[0196] Figure 14 The structure of the subchannel is illustrated.

[0197] Reference Figure 14 , the subchannel 1211 can include a PSCCH and a demodulation reference symbol (DMRS). Further, the PSCCH can be transmitted using one or more OFDM symbols, and the OFDM symbol through which the PSCCH is transmitted can be predefined or can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or the AN. In addition, the DMRS for estimating channel information required to demodulate the PSCCH can consist of one or more OFDM symbols, and can be arranged at an arbitrary position including the first symbol of the subchannel. The number of OFDM symbols for the DMRS and the position of the DMRS can be predefined or can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or the base station (BS).

[0198] - PRS: ReferenceFigure 13 The PRS can be located after the PSCCH pool 1210. During a PRS transmission period, each AN can transmit a PRS to a UE using a predefined PRS pattern, and the UE can perform a ToA measurement using the received PRS. The frequency bandwidth of the PRS transmission can be allocated by a plurality of RB configurations, and can be less than or equal to the total available frequency bandwidth allocated to the system. Figure 13 It is illustrated that one PRS is transmitted through the entire available frequency bandwidth according to an embodiment. In addition, the PRS of each AN can be transmitted using one or more OFDM symbols, and the PRSs of a plurality of ANs can be simultaneously transmitted by PRS multiplexing using different PRS patterns. The number of OFDM symbols used for such PRS transmission and the number of PRS multiplexing operations can be defined in advance or can be determined by a location server / LMF and / or a base station (BS).

[0199] - Guard symbol: A guard symbol 1240 can be located at the end of a PRS slot, and can be inserted or not inserted as a symbol for securing time taken to switch a sidelink time division duplex (TDD) pattern from a DL (downlink) pattern to a UL (uplink) pattern. When a plurality of PRS slots are arranged in succession, the guard symbol can be inserted at the end of each PRS slot, or can be inserted only at the end of the last PRS slot. Alternatively, when TDoA slots are arranged in succession, the guard symbol can be inserted at the end of each TDoA slot, or can be inserted only at the end of the last TDoA slot. Whether to insert such a guard symbol and / or the location can be defined in advance or can be determined by a location server / LMF and / or a base station (BS).

[0200] - AGC symbol: An AGC symbol 1230 can be located at the beginning of a TDoA slot. In addition, the AGC symbol can be inserted or can not be inserted as a symbol for securing time required for an AGC operation. When a plurality of TDoA slots are arranged in succession, the AGC symbol can be inserted at the beginning of each TDoA slot, or can be inserted only at the beginning of the last TDoA slot. Whether to insert the AGC symbol and / or the insertion location can be defined in advance, or can be determined by a location server / LMF and / or a base station.

[0201] Broadcast TDoA positioning mode

[0202] Hereinafter, a broadcast TDoA positioning mode using the above-described TDoA slot structure will be described. The proposed broadcast TDoA positioning mode can determine whether ANs will participate in the positioning procedure, and the ANs participating in the positioning procedure can periodically broadcast PSCCH information and PRS required for TDoA positioning in the UE through the TDoA slot. The UE can perform TDoA positioning by periodically receiving the PSCCH information and PRS through the TDoA slot. The overall procedure of performing the broadcast TDoA positioning is as follows.

[0203] [Step A-0]: This Step A-0 is a description of a method by which a BS and / or a UE obtain and collect TDoA positioning operation and TDoA slot structure information, each of which serves as an AN of a UE attempting to perform sidelink TDoA positioning.

[0204] First, information related to TDoA positioning operation and information related to TDoA slot structure will be described.

[0205] o TDoA positioning operation related information

[0206] - Frequency bandwidth allocated to PRS transmission for TDoA positioning

[0207] - Information on whether inter-frequency TDoA is supported

[0208] - Information on whether 3D position information of AN is supported: 3D position information is supported by default.

[0209] - PRS type: PRS (e.g., SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) or any PRS) for ToA measurement

[0210] - PRS pattern (or PRS ID):

[0211] PRS comb type information: PRS frequency offset information

[0212] PRS cyclic shift (CS) information

[0213] - Number of PRS symbols: Number of OFDM symbols for PRS

[0214] - PRS symbol position: Position of the OFDM symbol to which PRS is transmitted

[0215] o TDoA slot structure related information:

[0216] - Number of TDoA slots: Number of TDoA slots arranged in series

[0217] - TDoA slot period: Separation time between TDoA slots, and the number of separated slots.

[0218] - TDoA slot offset: Separation time or number of separated slots between DFN (Direct Frame Number = 0) and the first TDoA slot in periodically transmitted TDoA slot structure.

[0219] - TDoA slot muting: Location of TDoA slots (or zero-power TDoA slots) where PSCCH and PRS are not transmitted in periodically transmitted TDoA slot structure.

[0220] - Number of sub-channels in TDoA slot: Maximum number of ANs that one TDoA slot can support

[0221] First, a case where a UE exists within a coverage of a location server / LMF and / or a base station (BS) can be considered. Information related to the above-described TDoA slot structure and TDoS positioning operation can be provided through an MIB / SIB of a PSBCH transmitted through an NR-V2X slot, and such related information can be periodically or aperiodically changed by the location server / LMF and / or the base station (BS). Accordingly, the BS serving as an AN of the UE which wants to perform sidelink TDoA positioning, and / or the UE can receive the PSBCH transmitted through the NR-V2X slot, so that the configuration information required for sidelink TDoA positioning can be obtained. Figure 12

[0222] Second, a case where a UE is located outside a coverage of a location server / LMF and / or a BS or should perform TDoA positioning without assistance of a location server / LMF and / or a BS can be considered. In this environment, information related to the TDoA slot structure and TDoA positioning operation can be provided by defining a default TDoA positioning operation in advance. Accordingly, the BS serving as an AN of the UE which tries to perform sidelink TDoA positioning and / or the UE can not only use a pre-defined or stored default TDoA slot structure but also use parameters related to TDoA positioning operation to obtain the configuration information required for sidelink TDoA positioning.

[0223] [Step A-1]: Step A-1 is the first step of sidelink TDoA positioning. The first step can indicate information about which BS and / or UE will participate in positioning as a candidate AN. In this case, the candidate AN can refer to a candidate BS and / or UE which can transmit PSCCH and PRS in a TDoA slot. In addition, the final AN can serve as a BS and / or UE which is finally selected among the candidate ANs, so that the final AN can transmit PSCCH and PRS in a TDoA slot. A method for selecting the final AN will be described in [Step A-2] below. A method for determining a candidate AN which is scheduled to participate in TDoA positioning with respect to a BS and / or UE will be described in detail below. ​

[0224] For example, information on whether the BS and / or UE will participate in the TDoA positioning as a candidate AN can be determined by each BS and / or UE using PQI information for location information. For example, when the measured PQI is higher than a certain threshold, each BS and / or UE can perform the process STEP-2 by serving as a candidate AN. When the measured PQI is equal to or less than a certain threshold, each BS and / or UE can determine that there is no candidate AN. Here, the PQI can refer to the location reliability of each BS and / or UE. At this time, the certain threshold can be predefined, and can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or BS, such that the determined threshold is transmitted to the BS and UE.

[0225] In another embodiment, information on whether to participate in TDOA positioning as a candidate AN can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or base station. In particular, when the UE is considered as a candidate AN, the location server / LMF and / or BS can use the location information or PQI information reported by the UE to inform the UE of the presence or absence of a candidate AN. At this time, the UE can periodically report the location information or PQI information to the location server / LMF and / or BS. Alternatively, the UE can report the location information or PQI information to the location server / LMF and / or BS aperiodically only when a request is received from the BS. On the other hand, for the BS and / or UE each having fixed location information, a separate location information or PQI reporting procedure can not be required.

[0226] In another embodiment, information on whether to participate in TDoA positioning as a candidate AN can be determined in advance without performing a determination procedure based on location information or PQI or by the location server / LMF and / or BS. For example, the BS and / or UE each having fixed location information can always participate in TDoA positioning of the UE as a candidate AN.

[0227] [STEP A-2]: Step A-2 is a second procedure of sidelink TDoA positioning. The second step can indicate information on which BS and / or UE will participate in positioning as a final AN.

[0228] For example, the selection of the final AN from among the candidate ANs can be performed through a sensing and / or contention procedure (sensing-based and / or contention-based) between the candidate ANs. The candidate ANs can select and reserve PSCCHs (or sub-channels) not used or scheduled to be used by another AN by sensing the PSCCH pool (or sub-channels) of the TDoA slot periodically or non-periodically transmitted. The PSCCHs that can be used or scheduled to be used by another AN can not be selected and reserved. In the TDoA slot structure, after measuring the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) of the PSCCH or the RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) of the DMRS of each sub-channel, if the RSSI or the RSRP is less than a certain threshold, the corresponding channel is determined as an available sub-channel, the reservation process of the sub-channel is performed, and the PRS pattern can be determined. At this time, the threshold can be defined differently according to the PQI, or can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or the BS, so that the determined threshold can be transmitted to the BS and the UE. As a result, the final AN can refer to the candidate AN that successfully reserves the available resources of the TDoA slot.

[0229] In another embodiment, the final AN can be selected from among the candidate ANs by the location server / LMF and / or the BS. In particular, when the UE is considered as the final AN, the location server / LMF and / or the BS can provide the UE with information on the determination or non-determination of the final AN, the position of the sub-channel to be used in the TDoA slot, and PRS pattern information using the location information or the PQI information reported by the UE.

[0230] [Step A-3]: Step A-3 is the third procedure for the sidelink TDoA positioning. In step A-3, the AN finally selected in step A-2 transmits the PSCCH and the PRS through the TDoA slot.

[0231] For example, the AN can transmit the SCI including the location information, the PQI for the location information, the PRS pattern information, information related to the TDoA slot period, etc. through the PSCCH. Here, the PQI provisioning for the location information can allow the UE to consider whether to determine the corresponding AN in the positioning. For example, if the UE considers a local-based service (LBS) requiring very high positioning accuracy, only the AN having a PQI higher than a certain threshold can be considered in the TDoA positioning, and the AN having a PQI lower than the certain threshold can be excluded from the TDoA positioning. At this time, the threshold can be defined differently according to the LBS, and can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or the BS, so that the threshold can be transmitted to the BS and the UE. In addition, the information related to the TDoA slot period of the AN can indicate the time of the next TDoA slot and information on whether the time is used, and can be used in the final AN determination procedure for the sensing operation of the above step A-2.

[0232] The AN can transmit PRS using the defined PRS pattern. In this case, the number of OFDM symbols of the PRS and the OFDM symbol position at which the PRS is transmitted can be defined in advance, or can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or the BS, so that the determined information can be transmitted to the BS and the UE.

[0233] [Step A-4]: Step A-4 is the last step of TDoA positioning, enabling the UE to perform positioning after receiving the TDoA slot.

[0234] For example, the UE can acquire ACI information related to each AN by demodulating the PSCCH of the received TDoA slot, and can measure the ToA of the PRS transmitted from each AN. Hereinafter, a TDoA positioning operation using the measured ToA, the location information of each AN, the PQI information, etc. will be described in detail.

[0235] AN selection step: The UE can select ANs that can improve the UE positioning performance using the acquired location information of the ANs and the PQI information.

[0236] For example, the UE can select ANs required for positioning using the location information of each AN. For example, when the approximate initial location information of the UE is given, the UE can select ANs that can improve the UE positioning performance from the perspective of topology. If the UE selects 3 ANs to perform positioning, the UE can select 3 ANs that can form an equilateral triangle around the UE from the perspective of topology. In addition, if the AN location does not help the UE positioning from the perspective of topology, the AN can not be selected.

[0237] Further, the UE can select ANs required for positioning using the PQI information provided from each AN. For example, if the LBS service to be performed by the UE requires a PQI greater than a certain threshold value, ANs providing a PQI less than the threshold value can be excluded during the positioning procedure.

[0238] Step of determining AN weight: The UE can assign different weights to the ANs selected in the above AN selection step, resulting in an increase in TDoA positioning accuracy.

[0239] For example, the UE can determine the AN weight using the location information of each AN. In other words, the UE can assign a high weight to an AN determined to have a large influence on the improvement of positioning performance in terms of topology, and can assign a low weight to an AN determined to have a relatively small influence on the improvement of positioning performance.

[0240] Alternatively, the UE can determine the weight of the AN using the PQI information provided by each AN. That is, when the PQI is high, a higher weight can be set for the AN, and a lower weight can be set for the AN providing a relatively low PQI. At this time, the high and low of the PQI can be determined as an absolute value, or can be determined as a relative value.

[0241] o Positioning step: This positioning step can perform TDoA positioning using the AN position information and the AN weight information determined in the previous step.

[0242] For example, based on the difference between the two ToA values measured from a pair of ANs and the position information, a hyperbola in which the positions of the two ANs are used as foci, respectively, is drawn, and then another hyperbola is drawn from another pair of ToA values, the UE position can be measured by calculating the coordinates of the intersection point corresponding to the two hyperbolas. In this case, the UE position can be corrected or improved based on the weight of each AN.

[0243] In addition, the UE can draw a circle having a center point corresponding to the position of the AN using the ToA value measured by the AN and the position information measured by the AN, the coordinates of the intersection point of a plurality of circles can be calculated, so that the UE position can be measured. At this time, the weight of each AN is applied, so that the UE position can be corrected or improved.

[0244] On-demand TDoA positioning mode

[0245] Hereinafter, an on-demand TDoA positioning mode using a TDoA slot structure will be described. In the proposed on-demand TDoA positioning mode, upon receiving a request for TDoA positioning information from a UE, an AN can transmit PSCCH information and PRS required for UE TDoA positioning, and the UE can receive the PSCCH information and the PRS through a TDoA slot, so that TDoA positioning can be performed.

[0246] As a main feature of the proposed TDoA on-demand positioning operation, an operation of requesting an AN role from a UE can be performed through a PSCCH of an NR-V2X slot before a TDoA slot. In addition, the UE can not perform a separate procedure of selecting or determining an AN scheduled to participate in positioning, and the AN can not perform a separate procedure of responding to information of the UE about whether to participate in UE positioning.

[0247] That is, the AN can broadcast information required for UE TDoA positioning upon receiving a request from the UE. Therefore, the entire procedure of performing the proposed on-demand TDoA positioning can perform a similar procedure to that of broadcasting TDoA positioning, except for the procedure of requesting UE TDoA positioning.

[0248] [Step B-0]: The BSs and / or UEs (each of which functions as an AN of a UE scheduled to perform sidelink TDoA positioning) can acquire and collect TDoA positioning operation and TDoA slot structure information using the same method as in [Step A-0] of the broadcast TDoA positioning procedure described above.

[0249] [Step B-1]: Step B-1 is a first positioning procedure. In Step B-1, the UE scheduled to perform sidelink TDoA positioning can request an AN role from the peripheral BSs and / or UEs so as to request transmission of a PSCCH and PRS.

[0250] For example, the UE can request an AN role by transmitting a message (e.g., a request sidelink positioning message) to the peripheral BSs and / or UEs. At this time, the UE can transmit a minimum PQI capable of satisfying LBS considered through a PSCCH, and each of BSs and / or UEs capable of satisfying the PSCCH can be a candidate AN or a final AN. Detailed descriptions thereof will be given below with reference to Step B-2.

[0251] In another embodiment, the UE can request an AN role by transmitting an SRS to the peripheral BSs and / or UEs. The request using a reference signal (RS) means that a BS and / or UE satisfying a minimum PQI for TDoA positioning can be a candidate AN or a final AN. Detailed descriptions thereof will be given below.

[0252] [Step B-2]: Step B-2 is a second step of sidelink TDoA positioning. In Step B-2, a method for determining a candidate AN for determining a UE scheduled to participate in TDoA positioning can be determined for the peripheral BSs and / or UEs.

[0253] For example, when the UE requests an AN role by transmitting a message (e.g., a request sidelink positioning message) to the peripheral BSs and / or UEs, the RSRP of the DMRS of the PSCCH or PSSCH is measured. If the measured RSRP is equal to or higher than a certain threshold value, the UE can perform the next procedure while functioning as a candidate AN. If the measured RSRP is less than a certain threshold value, it can be determined that there is no candidate AN.

[0254] In another embodiment, when the UE requests an AN role by transmitting an SRS to the peripheral BSs and / or UEs, the UE can measure the RSRP. In this case, if the measured RSRP is equal to or higher than a certain threshold value, the UE can perform the next procedure as a candidate AN. If the measured RSRP is less than a certain threshold value, it can be determined that there is no candidate AN.

[0255] The reason for using RSRP in determining the candidate AN is that when RSRP is equal to or less than a certain value, the distance between the UE and the candidate AN is too long. Therefore, if the UE participates in positioning as an AN, the accuracy of the UE ToA measurement can be affected by such a long distance between the UE and the candidate AN. At this time, the threshold value can be set differently according to the LBS of the UE, can be predefined in the LBS, or can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or the BS, so that the determined information is transmitted to the BS and the UE.

[0256] In another embodiment, when the received requested PQI is satisfied, the peripheral BS and / or the UE can perform the next procedure while serving as a candidate AN. When the received requested PQI is not satisfied, it can be determined that there is no candidate AN.

[0257] In another embodiment, information on whether the peripheral BS and / or the UE will participate in TDoA positioning while serving as a candidate AN can be determined by the location server / LMF and / or the BS.

[0258] [Step B-3]: Step B-3 is the third step of the sidelink TDoA positioning. In step B-3, which BS and / or UE will participate in positioning by serving as a final candidate AN is determined, so that the same procedure as step A-2 indicating the above-described broadcast positioning procedure can be performed.

[0259] [Step B-4]: Step B-4 is the fourth step for sidelink TDoA positioning. In step B-4, the finally selected AN can transmit PSCCH and PRS through a TDoA slot, so that the same procedure as step A-3 indicating the broadcast positioning procedure can be performed.

[0260] [Step B-5]: Step B-5 is the last step of the sidelink TDoA positioning. In step B-5, the UE can perform positioning after receiving the TDoA slot information, so that the same procedure as step A-4 indicating the broadcast positioning procedure can be performed.

[0261] Figure 15 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a UE or an AN related to an embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 15 The flowchart shown in FIG. is not intended to mean that all of the above-described steps are necessarily performed or only the above-described steps are performed, and necessary steps are performed or unnecessary steps can be omitted according to what is described in the above-described embodiments. The operation of the above-described flowchart can constitute one of the above-described proposals.

[0262] Reference Figure 15At step S1501, the UE can receive a TDOA slot from anchor nodes (ANs). The TDoA slot can include control information of each anchor node (AN) and PRS transmitted by the anchor nodes (ANs). The control information can include at least one of location information of the anchor nodes (ANs), a positioning quality indicator (PQI), and TDOA slot period information. The PQI can indicate reliability of the AN location information. Each AN transmitting the TDoA slot can have a PQI equal to or higher than a preset threshold.

[0263] The TDoA slot can include a control information pool and a PRS pool. Each AN located around the UE can reserve some resources by sensing resources in the control information pool, and can transmit its control information using the reserved resources. In addition, each AN located around the UE can reserve some resources by sensing resources in the PRS pool, and can transmit its PRS using the reserved resources. Accordingly, the TDoA slot received by the UE can include control information of each AN and PRS of each AN, and can receive the control information and the PRS of each AN to distinguish each other. In addition, the TDoA slot can include an AGC symbol and a guard symbol. On the other hand, the TDoA slot can be received by broadcasting the ANs without a request from the UE, or can be received in response to a request message of the UE.

[0264] At step S1502, the UE can measure a UE location using the TDoA slot. At this time, the UE can select positioning ANs to be used for location measurement from among a plurality of ANs after receiving control information transmitted by the ANs, each of which has transmitted a signal using AN location information or a PQI. The UE can measure its own location using the selected positioning ANs. At this time, a weight can be assigned to each positioning AN, and the weight of each AN can be assigned using the AN location information or the PQI. Accordingly, the UE can measure its own location considering the weight of the positioning ANs.

[0265] The present disclosure relates to a method and procedure for allowing a UE to perform TDoA positioning directly using a sidelink without the help of a positioning server / LMF and / or a BS. The present invention mainly proposes an independent TDoA slot structure for sidelink TDoA positioning, and proposes both a broadcast TDoA positioning mode and an on-demand TDoA positioning mode using the proposed TDoA slot structure. The above-described UE TDoA positioning method and its operation can provide the following advantages.

[0266] - The method of performing a positioning procedure by a UE can be performed at a higher speed compared to a conventional method of performing UE positioning by a location server / LMF and / or a BS.

[0267] - Through independent TDoA slot insertion, no interference occurs to the conventional NR-V2X slot and service operation, and at the same time, the sidelink TDoA positioning operation can be independently performed.

[0268] - The PSCCH through which the AN is transmitted can be included in the TDoA slot, so that the amount of signaling overhead required for the sidelink TDoA positioning can be significantly reduced.

[0269] - The UE can perform a high-speed positioning operation by receiving the PSCCH and the PRS of the TDoA slot. As a result, other UEs that move at high speed can also perform a positioning operation.

[0270] - When a UE having a power usage limit, such as a mobile phone, performs positioning, the UE can receive only the PSCCH and the PRS within the TDoA slot period, resulting in reduced power consumption.

[0271] - Through broadcasting of a TDoA positioning mode and an on-demand TDoA positioning mode, multiple UEs can simultaneously perform a positioning operation, so that such a mode can increase frequency usage efficiency.

[0272] As the proposed examples above can also be used as the embodiment methods of the present disclosure, it will also be apparent that the proposed examples above can be considered as a proposed method. Although the above proposals can be implemented independently of each other, it should be noted that the above proposals can also be implemented as a combination of some proposals (or a combined format). For example, although the proposed method has been disclosed based on the 3GPP NR system for convenience of description, the system to which the proposed method is applied can be extended to another system other than the 3GPP NR system. For example, the proposed method of the present disclosure can also be extended and applied to D2D communication. Here, the D2D communication indicates that the UE directly communicates with a different UE using a radio channel. Here, although the UE refers to a user equipment (UE), the UE can also be regarded as a kind of UE when a network device such as a BS (or eNB) transmits and / or receives a signal according to a communication scheme between UEs. In addition, the proposed method of the present disclosure can be limitedly applied only to mode 3 V2X operation (and / or mode 4 V2X operation). In addition, the proposed method of the present disclosure can be limitedly applied only to a pre-configured ( / signaled) (specific) V2X channel ( / signal) transmission (e.g., PSSCH (and / or (interconnected) PSCCH and / or PSBCH)). In addition, the proposed method of the present disclosure can be limitedly applied only to a case where the PSSCH and the (interconnected) PSCCH are transmitted (and / or transmission is performed based on a pre-configured ( / signaled) MCS (and / or coding rate and / or resource block) (value ( / range)) adjacent (and / or non-adjacent) in the frequency domain). In addition, the proposed method of the present disclosure can be limitedly applied only to mode #3 (and / or mode #4) V2X carrier (and / or (mode #4( / 3) sidelink( / uplink) SPS (and / or sidelink( / uplink) dynamic scheduling) carrier). In addition, the proposed method of the present disclosure can be limitedly applied only when a synchronization signal (transmission (and / or reception)) resource location and / or number (and / or V2X resource pool related subframe location and / or number (and / or subchannel size and / or number)) is the same (and / or (some) different) between carriers. As an example, the proposed scheme of the present disclosure can be extended and applied to V2X communication between a BS and a UE. For example, the proposed scheme of the present disclosure can be limited only to unicast (sidelink) communication (and / or multicast (or groupcast) (sidelink) communication) and / or broadcast (sidelink) communication).

[0273] Examples of communication systems suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0274] The various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts of the present disclosure described in the present document can be applied to, but are not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connection between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0275] Hereinafter, a description will be given in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / description, the same reference numerals can denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks unless otherwise described.

[0276] Figure 16 A communication system 1 to which the present disclosure is applied is illustrated.

[0277] Referring to Figure 16 , the communication system 1 to which the present disclosure is applied includes wireless devices, base stations (BSs), and networks. Herein, a wireless device denotes a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G new RAT (NR) or long term evolution (LTE)) and can be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device can include, but is not limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, the vehicles can include vehicles having a wireless communication function, self-driving vehicles, and vehicles capable of performing communication between vehicles. Herein, the vehicles can include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones). The XR device can include an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device and can be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot. The handheld device can include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., a notebook). The home appliance can include a TV, a refrigerator, and a washing machine. The IoT device can include a sensor and a smartmeter. For example, the BSs and the networks can be implemented as wireless devices and a specific wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node with respect to other wireless devices.

[0278] The wireless devices 100a-100f can be connected to the network 300 via the BSs 200. The AI technology can be applied to the wireless devices 100a-100f, and the wireless devices 100a-100f can be connected to the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100a-100f can communicate with each other through the BSs 200 / network 300, the wireless devices 100a-100f can perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without going through the BS / network. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a-100f.

[0279] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between the wireless devices 100a-100f / BS 200 or the BSs 200 / BS 200. Herein, the wireless communication / connection can be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other through the wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b. For example, the wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a part of various configuration information configuration procedures, various signal processing procedures (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation procedures for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of the disclosure.

[0280] Examples of wireless devices suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0281] Figure 17 A wireless device suitable for the disclosure is illustrated.

[0282] Referring to Figure 17 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals through various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). Here, the {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to Figure 16 {wireless device 100x and BS 200} and / or {wireless device 100x and wireless device 100x} of the disclosure.

[0283] The first wireless device 100 can include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102 can control the memory(ies) 104 and / or the transceiver(s) 106 and can be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present document. For example, the processor(s) 102 can process information within the memory(ies) 104 to generate first information / signals and then transmit radio signals including the first information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 can receive radio signals including second information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106 and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory(ies) 104. The memory(ies) 104 can be connected to the processor(s) 102 and can store a variety of information related to the operation of the processor(s) 102. For example, the memory(ies) 104 can store software code including commands for executing a part or the whole of processes controlled by the processor(s) 102 or for implementing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present document. Herein, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(ies) 104 can be a part of a communication modem / circuitry / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 106 can be connected to the processor(s) 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through the one or more antennas 108. Each of the transceiver(s) 106 can include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 106 can be used interchangeably with Radio Frequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, a wireless device can denote a communication modem / circuitry / chip.

[0284] The second wireless device 200 can include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s) 202 can control the memory(ies) 204 and / or the transceiver(s) 206 and can be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present document. For example, the processor(s) 202 can process information within the memory(ies) 204 to generate third information / signal and then transmit, via the transceiver(s) 206, a radio signal including the third information / signal. The processor(s) 202 can receive, via the transceiver(s) 106, a radio signal including fourth information / signal and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signal in the memory(ies) 204. The memory(ies) 204 can be connected to the processor(s) 202 and can store various information related to the operation of the processor(s) 202. For example, the memory(ies) 204 can store software code including commands for executing a part or the whole of processes controlled by the processor(s) 202 or for implementing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present document. Herein, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(ies) 204 can be a part of a communication modem / circuitry / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 206 can be connected to the processor(s) 202 and transmit and / or receive a radio signal through one or more antennas 208. Each of the transceiver(s) 206 can include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 206 can be used interchangeably with RF unit(s). In the present disclosure, a wireless device can represent a communication modem / circuitry / chip.

[0285] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers can be implemented by, but are not limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 can implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 102 and 202 can generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 can generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present document and provide the generated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The one or more processors 102 and 202 can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present document.

[0286] The one or more processors 102 and 202 can be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 102 and 202 can be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 can include one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) included therein. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present document can be implemented using firmware or software and the firmware or software can be configured to include modules, procedures, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present document can be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 to be driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present document can be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, commands, and / or command sets.

[0287] The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be configured by read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk drive, register, cache memory, computer readable storage media, and / or a combination thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be located inside and / or outside of the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 by various techniques such as wired or wireless connection.

[0288] The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operational flowcharts of the present document, to one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present document, from one or more other devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. The one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to the one or more antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present document, through the one or more antennas 108 and 208. In the present document, the one or more antennas can be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can convert received radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. using the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. To do so, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0289] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of the disclosure can include LTE, NR, and 6G, and a narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, the NB-IoT technology can be an example of a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology, and can be implemented as a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned name. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of the disclosure can communicate based on an LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, the LTE-M technology can be an example of a LPWAN technology, and can be referred to by various names such as eMTC (enhanced machine type communication) or the like. For example, the LTE-M technology can be implemented in at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited, 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the aforementioned name. Additionally or alternatively, in consideration of low-power communication, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) according to the disclosure can include at least one of Zigbee, Bluetooth, and a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN), and is not limited to the aforementioned name. As an example, the Zigbee technology is capable of generating a personal area network (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be referred to by various names.

[0290] Examples of signal processing circuitry suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0291] Figure 18 The signal processing circuit is illustrated for transmitting a signal.

[0292] Reference Figure 18 The signal processing circuit 1000 can include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. The operations / functions of Figure 18 may be performed without being limited to the processors 102 and 202 and / or the transceivers 106 and 206 of Figure 17 The hardware elements of Figure 17 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 and / or the transceivers 106 and 206 of Figure 18 For example, the blocks 1010 to 1060 can be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 of Figure 17 Alternatively, the blocks 1010 to 1050 can be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 of Figure 17 and the block 1060 can be implemented by the transceivers 106 and 206 of Figure 17The transceiver 106 and 206 of the wireless device 100 and 200 can implement block 1060.

[0293] The signal processing circuit 1000 of the base station 2000 can convert the codeword into a radio signal. Herein, the codeword is a sequence of coded bits of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., UL-SCH transport block, DL-SCH transport block). The radio signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH). Figure 18

[0294] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by the scrambler 1010. A scrambling sequence used for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, and the initial value can include ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a sequence of modulation symbols by the modulator 1020. The modulation scheme can include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The sequence of complex modulation symbols can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by the layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped (precoded) to the corresponding antenna port(s) by the precoder 1040. The output z of the precoder 1040 can be derived by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precoding matrix W. Herein, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) on the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0295] The resource mapper 1050 can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include a plurality of symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator 1060 can generate a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be transmitted to other devices through each antenna. For this purpose, the signal generator 1060 can include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0296] The signal processing procedure for a signal received in a wireless device can be configured in a reverse manner of the signal processing procedure 1010 to 1060 of the base station 2000. For example, the wireless device (e.g., the UE 100) can include a signal processing circuit 1100 for receiving a radio signal from the base station 2000. Figure 18 Figure 17 ​​100 and 200) can receive a radio signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signal can be converted into a baseband signal by a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapping process, a post-coding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codeword can be restored to the original information block by decoding. Therefore, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for receiving a signal may include a signal restorer, a resource demapper, a post-coding coder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0297] Examples of applications of wireless devices suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0298] Figure 19 FIGURE 1 illustrates another example of a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 16 ).

[0299] refer to Figure 19 , wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to Figure 17 The wireless devices 100 and 200 may be configured by various elements, components, units / portions and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and additional components 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and (one or more) transceivers 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include Figure 17 The one or more processors 102 and 202 and / or the one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. For example, the transceiver(s) 114 may include Figure 17 The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 can control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 can transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 via a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0300] The additional components 140 can be variously configured according to the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional components 140 can include at least one of a power supply unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device can be implemented in the form of, without being limited to, a robot (100a) of FIG. 1, a vehicle (100b-1 and 100b-2) of FIG. 2, an XR device (100c) of FIG. 3, a hand-held device (100d) of FIG. 4, a home appliance (100e) of FIG. 5, an IoT device (100f) of FIG. 6, a digital broadcast UE, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a financial technology device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (400) of FIG. 7, a BS (200) of FIG. 8, a network node, etc. According to a use case / service, the wireless device can be used in a mobile or fixed place. Figure 16 Figure 16 Figure 16 Figure 16 Figure 16 Figure 16 Figure 16 Figure 16

[0301] In Figure 19 , various elements, components, units / portions, and / or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 can all be connected to each other through wired interfaces, or at least some of them can be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 can be connected through wired connections, and the control unit 120 and the first units (e.g., 130 and 140) can be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / portion, and / or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 can further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 can be constructed by a set of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 can be constructed by a set of communication control, application processing, electronic control unit (ECU), graphic processing, and memory control processors. As another example, the memory 130 can be constructed by a set of random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0302] Hereinafter, examples of the embodiments Figure 19 will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0303] Examples of handheld devices suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0304] Figure 20 ​​​​​​​​A handheld device applied to the present disclosure is illustrated. The handheld device can include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch or smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a notebook). The handheld device can be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user UE (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT).

[0305] Reference Figure 20 The handheld device 100 can include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, a power supply unit 20140a, an interface unit 20140b, and an I / O unit 20140c. The antenna unit 108 can be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. The blocks 110 to 130 / 20140a to 20140c correspond to the blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 1, respectively. Figure 19

[0306] The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the handheld device 100. The control unit 120 can include an application processor (AP). The memory unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive the handheld device 100. The memory unit 130 can store input / output data / information. The power supply unit 20140a can supply power to the handheld device 100 and include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit 20140b can support connection of the handheld device 100 to other external devices. The interface unit 20140b can include various ports (e.g., an audio I / O port and a video I / O port) for connection with external devices. The I / O unit 20140c can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user. The I / O unit 20140c can include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 20140d, a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0307] ​For example, in the case of data communication, the I / O unit 20140c can acquire information / signals input by a user (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video), and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals, and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to a BS. The communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or a BS, and then restore the received radio signals to original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit 130, and can be output as various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or haptic) through the I / O unit 20140c.

[0308] Examples of vehicles or autonomous vehicles suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0309] Figure 21 The vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle applied to the present disclosure is illustrated. The vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle can be implemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

[0310] Reference Figure 21 The vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 can include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a driving unit 21140a, a power supply unit 21140b, a sensor unit 21140c, and an autonomous driving unit 21140d. The antenna unit 108 can be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. The blocks 110 / 130 / 21140a to 21140d correspond to the blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of Figure 19 , respectively.

[0311] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., gNBs and roadside units), and servers. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling components of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may include an electronic control unit (ECU). The drive unit 21140a can enable the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to travel on the road. The drive unit 21140a may include an engine, motor, transmission system, wheels, brakes, steering devices, etc. The power supply unit 21140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The sensor unit 21140c can obtain vehicle status, external environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 21140c may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a location module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 21140d may implement a technology for maintaining a lane in which the vehicle is traveling, a technology for automatically adjusting the speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), a technology for autonomously driving along a determined path, a technology for driving by automatically setting a path when a destination is set, etc.

[0312] For example, the communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit 21140d can generate an autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit 120 can control the drive unit 21140a so that the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 moves along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit 110 can aperiodically / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from the external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, the sensor unit 21140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit 21140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the newly acquired data / information. The communication unit 110 can transmit information about the vehicle's location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to the external server. The external server can predict traffic information data based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle using AI technology, etc., and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle.

[0313] Examples of AR / VR and vehicles suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0314] Figure 22 A vehicle to which the present disclosure is applied is illustrated. The vehicle can be implemented as a transportation means, an aircraft, a ship, etc.

[0315] Reference Figure 22 The vehicle 100 can include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I / O unit 22140a, and a positioning unit 22140b. Here, the blocks 110 to 130 / 22140a and 22140b correspond to the blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 1. Figure 19

[0316] The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive a signal (e.g., data and a control signal) to and from an external device such as another vehicle or a BS. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the vehicle 100. The memory unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / code / commands for supporting various functions of the vehicle 100. The I / O unit 22140a can output an AR / VR object based on information within the memory unit 130. The I / O unit 22140a can include a HUD. The positioning unit 22140b can acquire information about a position of the vehicle 100. The position information can include information about an absolute position of the vehicle 100, information about a position of the vehicle 100 within a travel lane, acceleration information, and information about a position of the vehicle 100 from a neighboring vehicle. The positioning unit 22140b can include a GPS and various sensors.

[0317] As an example, the communication unit 110 of the vehicle 100 can receive map information and traffic information from an external server and store the received information in the memory unit 130. The positioning unit 22140b can obtain vehicle position information through a GPS and various sensors and store the obtained information in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 can generate a virtual object based on the map information, the traffic information, and the vehicle position information, and the I / O unit 22140a can display the generated virtual object in a window (1410 and 1420) within the vehicle. The control unit 120 can determine whether the vehicle 100 is normally traveling within a travel lane based on the vehicle position information. If the vehicle 100 abnormally exits from the travel lane, the control unit 120 can display a warning on a window within the vehicle through the I / O unit 22140a. In addition, the control unit 120 can broadcast a warning message about driving abnormality to a neighboring vehicle through the communication unit 110. According to circumstances, the control unit 120 can transmit vehicle position information and information about driving / vehicle abnormality to a relevant organization.

[0318] Examples of XR devices suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0319] Figure 23 ​An XR device to which the present disclosure is applied is illustrated. The XR device can be implemented by an HMD, a HUD mounted in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc.

[0320] Reference Figure 23 The XR device 100a can include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I / O unit 23140a, a sensor unit 23140b, and a power supply unit 23140c. Here, the blocks 110 to 130 / 23140a to 23140c correspond to the blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 1, respectively. Figure 19

[0321] The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive a signal (e.g., media data and a control signal) to and from an external device such as another wireless device, a handheld device, or a media server. The media data can include a video, an image, and a sound. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the XR device 100a. For example, the control unit 120 can be configured to control and / or perform processes such as video / image acquisition, (video / image) encoding, and metadata generation and processing. The memory unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / code / commands required to drive the XR device 100a / generate an XR object. The I / O unit 23140a can obtain control information and data from the outside and output a generated XR object. The I / O unit 23140a can include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit, a speaker, and / or a haptic module. The sensor unit 23140b can obtain an XR device state, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 23140b can include a proximity sensor, an illuminance sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone, and / or a radar. The power supply unit 23140c can supply power to the XR device 100a and include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc.

[0322] ​For example, the memory unit 130 of the XR device 100a can include information (e.g., data) required to generate an XR object (e.g., an AR / VR / MR object). The I / O unit 23140a can receive a command for manipulating the XR device 100a from a user, and the control unit 120 can drive the XR device 100a according to the user's driving command. For example, when the user desires to watch a movie or news through the XR device 100a, the control unit 120 transmits content request information to another device (e.g., the handheld device 100b) or a media server through the communication unit 130. The communication unit 130 can download / stream content such as a movie or news from another device (e.g., the handheld device 100b) or a media server to the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 can control and / or perform processes such as video / image acquisition, (video / image) encoding, and metadata generation / handling regarding content, and generate / output an XR object based on information about a surrounding space or a real object obtained through the I / O unit 23140a / sensor unit 23140b.

[0323] The XR device 100a can be wirelessly connected to the handheld device 100b through the communication unit 110, and the operation of the XR device 100a can be controlled by the handheld device 100b. For example, the handheld device 100b can operate as a controller of the XR device 100a. To this end, the XR device 100a can obtain information about the 3D position of the handheld device 100b and generate and output an XR object corresponding to the handheld device 100b.

[0324] Examples of robots suitable for use with the present disclosure

[0325] Figure 24 Robots to which the present disclosure is applied are illustrated. The robots can be classified as industrial robots, medical robots, home robots, military robots, etc. according to the purpose or field of use.

[0326] Reference Figure 24 The robot 100 can include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I / O unit 24140a, a sensor unit 24140b, and a driving unit 24140c. Here, the blocks 110 to 130 / 24140a to 24140c correspond to the blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of the robot 100, respectively. Figure 19

[0327] ​The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive signals (e.g., driving information and control signals) to and from external devices such as other wireless devices, other robots, or a control server. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the robot 100. The memory unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands for supporting various functions of the robot 100. The I / O unit 24140a can obtain information from the outside of the robot 100 and output information to the outside of the robot 100. The I / O unit 24140a can include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit, a speaker, and / or a haptic module. The sensor unit 24140b can obtain internal information of the robot 100, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 24140b can include a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone, a radar, etc. The driving unit 24140c can perform various physical operations such as movement of robot joints. In addition, the driving unit 24140c can make the robot 100 travel on a road or fly. The driving unit 24140c can include an actuator, a motor, a wheel, a brake, a propeller, etc.

[0328] Examples of AI devices applying the present disclosure.

[0329] Figure 25 An AI device applied to the present disclosure is illustrated. The AI device can be implemented by a stationary device or a mobile device such as a TV, a projector, a smartphone, a PC, a notebook, a digital broadcasting UE, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a radio device, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc.

[0330] Reference Figure 25 The AI device 100 can include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I / O unit 25140a / 25140b, a learning processor unit 25140c, and a sensor unit 25140d. The blocks 110 to 130 / 25140a to 25140d correspond to the blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of the robot 100, respectively. Figure 19

[0331] The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive signals to and from external devices such as other AI devices (e.g., 100x, 200, or 400 of the robot 100) or an AI server (e.g., 300 of the robot 100) using wired / wireless communication technology. Figure 16 Figure 16 ​​a wired / wireless telecommunication signal (e.g., sensor information, user input, a learning model, or a control signal) of the AI device 100. To this end, the communication unit 110 can transmit information within the memory unit 130 to an external device and transmit a signal received from the external device to the memory unit 130.

[0332] The control unit 120 can determine at least one feasible operation of the AI device 100 based on information determined or generated using a data analysis algorithm or a machine learning algorithm. The control unit 120 can perform an operation determined by controlling constituent elements of the AI device 100. For example, the control unit 120 can request, search, receive, or use data of the learning processor unit 25140c or the memory unit 130 and control constituent elements of the AI device 100 to perform a predicted operation or an operation determined to be preferred among at least one feasible operation. The control unit 120 can collect history information including operation contents of the AI device 100 and operation feedback by a user and store the collected information in the memory unit 130 or the learning processor unit 25140c, or transmit the collected information to an external device such as an AI server (400) of FIG. 1. Figure 16 The collected history information can be used to update a learning model.

[0333] The memory unit 130 can store data for supporting various functions of the AI device 100. For example, the memory unit 130 can store data obtained from the input unit 25140a, data obtained from the communication unit 110, output data of the learning processor unit 25140c, and data obtained from the sensor unit 25140. The memory unit 130 can store control information and / or software code required for the operation / drive control unit 120.

[0334] The input unit 25140a can acquire various types of data from the outside of the AI device 100. For example, the input unit 25140a can acquire learning data for model learning, and input data to which a learning model is to be applied. The input unit 25140a can include a camera, a microphone, and / or a user input unit. The output unit 25140b can generate output related to vision, hearing, or touch. The output unit 25140b can include a display unit, a speaker, and / or a haptic module. The sensing unit 25140 can obtain at least one of internal information of the AI device 100, surrounding environment information of the AI device 100, and user information using various sensors. The sensor unit 25140 can include a proximity sensor, an illuminance sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone, and / or a radar.

[0335] The learning processor unit 25140c can learn a model composed of an artificial neural network using learning data. The learning processor unit 25140c can perform AI processing together with the learning processor unit of the AI server (400) of the AI server 200. The learning processor unit 25140c can process information received from an external device through the communication unit 110 and / or information stored in the memory unit 130. In addition, the output value of the learning processor unit 25140c can be transmitted to an external device through the communication unit 110 and can be stored in the memory unit 130. Figure 16

[0336] Industrial applicability

[0337] The above-mentioned embodiments of the disclosure are applicable to various mobile communication systems.​

Claims

1. A method for performing an operation by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving first control information for time difference of arrival (TDoA) measurement from a first UE in a first time slot; as well as receiving a first positioning reference signal (PRS) from the first UE in the first time slot based on the first control information; performing the TDoA measurement based on the first PRS, The first control information includes information about the first UE and information about the first PRS, and The first PRS is received in response to sending second control information including a first PRS transmission request.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first time slot further includes at least one of an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol and a guard symbol.

3. A user equipment (UE) for use in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: at least one processor; and At least one computer memory, the at least one computer memory being operatively connected to the at least one processor and configured to store instructions so that the at least one processor performs specific operations by executing the instructions, the specific operations comprising: receiving first control information for time difference of arrival (TDoA) measurement from a first UE in a first time slot; and receiving a first positioning reference signal (PRS) from the first UE in the first time slot based on the first control information; performing the TDoA measurement based on the first PRS, The first control information includes information about the first UE and information about the first PRS, and The first PRS is received in response to sending second control information including a first PRS transmission request.

4. A computer-readable storage medium configured to store at least one computer program including instructions, causing at least one processor to perform specific operations for a user equipment (UE), the specific operations comprising: receiving first control information for time difference of arrival (TDoA) measurement from a first UE in a first time slot; as well as receiving a first positioning reference signal (PRS) from the first UE in the first time slot based on the first control information; performing the TDoA measurement based on the first PRS, The first control information includes information about the first UE and information about the first PRS, and The first PRS is received in response to sending second control information including a first PRS transmission request.

5. A method for performing an operation by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving first control information from the first UE; as well as sending second control information and a PRS in a time slot for time difference of arrival (TDoA) measurement based on the first control information; The first control information includes a request for transmission of a positioning reference signal (PRS), and The second control information includes information about the UE and information about the PRS.

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