Reinforced earth retaining dam

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reinforced earth water retaining dam, which belongs to the field of water retaining dams in water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The present invention includes a water retaining dam base built with reinforced earth, the water-facing surface of the water retaining dam base is a slope with the top inclined downstream, a cushion layer and a slope surface concrete anti-seepage panel are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside on the water-facing surface of the water retaining dam base, a top concrete anti-seepage panel is arranged on the top of the water retaining dam base, the top concrete anti-seepage panel and the slope surface concrete anti-seepage panel are combined into a whole, a sill is arranged at the downstream end of the top concrete anti-seepage panel, and a concrete support panel is arranged on the downstream slope of the water retaining dam base. The present invention provides a reinforced earth water retaining dam that can overflow by itself and has a simple structure, strong adaptability and low investment cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a reinforced earth water retaining dam, belonging to the field of water retaining dams in water conservancy and hydropower engineering. Background Art

[0002] In hydropower and water conservancy projects, dams are often needed to permanently or temporarily block river water. Among them, earth-rock dams are one of the oldest types of dams. They are built with local materials such as soil and stone. The dam body itself formed by earth filling can often be used for anti-seepage. This type of earth-rock dam has high requirements on the engineering properties of the soil, which often leads to poor applicability. In addition, in order to ensure the stability of the upstream and downstream dam slopes, the cross-sectional shape of the earth-rock dam is often trapezoidal. On the other hand, due to the characteristics of soil softening when exposed to water and deterioration of engineering performance, the dam body of the earth-rock dam often cannot overflow and discharge floods. It is often necessary to set up overflow facilities such as spillway tunnels or spillways, which increases more project investment. In summary, the conventional earth-rock dam structure has the disadvantages of poor adaptability, inability to overflow the dam body and large project investment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reinforced earth retaining dam which can overflow by itself and has a simple structure, strong adaptability and low investment cost.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a reinforced earth water retaining dam, including a water retaining dam base built of reinforced earth, the water-facing surface of the water retaining dam base is a slope with the top inclined downstream, and a cushion layer and a slope surface concrete anti-seepage panel are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside on the water-facing surface of the water retaining dam base, a top concrete anti-seepage panel is arranged on the top of the water retaining dam base, the top concrete anti-seepage panel and the slope surface concrete anti-seepage panel are combined into a whole, a sill is arranged at the downstream end of the top concrete anti-seepage panel, and a concrete support panel is arranged on the downstream slope of the water retaining dam base, and the downstream slope of the water retaining dam base is a vertical slope.

[0005] Furthermore, the slope concrete anti-seepage panel adopts a reinforced concrete structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the cushion layer is made of graded sand and gravel.

[0007] Furthermore, drainage holes connected to the outer surface of the concrete support panel are arranged inside the dam base, and multiple rows of drainage holes are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the dam base, and multiple drainage holes in each row are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the dam base.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner end of the geotechnical reinforcement in the dam base is fixed by a concrete anchor block, and the outer end of the geotechnical reinforcement is fixedly connected to the concrete support panel.

[0009] Furthermore, the geotechnical reinforcement in the water retaining dam base is arranged in multiple layers at intervals along the height direction of the water retaining dam base, each layer of geotechnical reinforcement is a whole on the plane, and each section of reinforcement is connected by overlapping or welding.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner surface of the concrete support panel is provided with anti-filter geotextile.

[0011] Furthermore, a concrete base plate connected to the concrete support panel is provided at the bottom thereof, an energy dissipation pool is provided on the upper surface of the concrete base plate at the downstream side of the concrete support panel, and a toothed sill is provided on the side of the energy dissipation pool close to the downstream river channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the downstream slope surface of the retaining dam base is a stepped surface, and the concrete support panel includes one or more levels of horizontally arranged support panel bottom plates, and the downstream end of each level of the support panel bottom plate is provided with a flow nose.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the main reinforced soil of the water retaining dam makes full use of the friction between the added reinforcement and the soil, improves the deformation condition of the soil, and improves the engineering performance of the soil, so that the slope of the downstream slope can be made nearly vertical or stepped, and the energy is fully dissipated by the sill and stepped energy dissipator arranged on the dam top and the water cushion formed downstream, thereby solving the overflow and energy dissipation problems. Since the engineering performance of the soil is greatly improved and the concrete panel arranged on the water-facing surface greatly improves the anti-seepage performance of the dam body, the performance requirements for the local soil are greatly reduced, and there is no need to set up overflow facilities such as spillway or spillway, thereby reducing the project investment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Markings in the figure: slope concrete anti-seepage panel 1, cushion layer 2, top concrete anti-seepage panel 3, cantilever 4, drainage hole 5, dam base 6, concrete anchor block 7, geotextile 8, anti-filtration geotextile 9, concrete support panel 10, cantilever water tongue 11, energy dissipation pool 12, tooth sill 13, downstream river water cushion 14, next-level water cushion 15, support panel bottom plate 16, cantilever nose sill 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention includes a water retaining dam base 6 built of reinforced soil, the water-facing surface of the water retaining dam base 6 is a slope with the top inclined downstream, and a cushion layer 2 and a slope concrete anti-seepage panel 1 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside on the water-facing surface of the water retaining dam base 6, and a top concrete anti-seepage panel 3 is arranged on the top of the water retaining dam base 6, and the top concrete anti-seepage panel 3 and the slope concrete anti-seepage panel 1 are combined into a whole to form a strict anti-seepage whole, and a ridge 4 is arranged at the downstream end of the top concrete anti-seepage panel 3, and a concrete support panel 10 is arranged on the downstream slope of the water retaining dam base 6, and the downstream slope of the water retaining dam base 6 is a vertical slope. The dam body mainly relies on the water retaining dam base 6 to bear the water pressure, and the main reinforced soil of the water retaining dam makes full use of the friction between the added reinforcement and the soil body, improves the deformation condition of the soil body, and improves the engineering performance of the soil body. The anti-seepage panel mainly plays an anti-seepage role to prevent water from entering the dam body. The slope concrete anti-seepage panel 1 preferably adopts a reinforced concrete structure, which is more stable. The cushion layer 2 is preferably made of graded sand and gravel to provide uniform and reliable support for the panel. It is also semi-permeable, serving as a second line of defense against seepage, while also transferring water pressure to the downstream retaining dam matrix.

[0019] Drain holes 5 connected to the outer surface of the concrete support panel 10 are arranged inside the water retaining dam base 6. The drainage holes 5 are arranged in multiple rows along the height direction of the water retaining dam base 6, and each row of drainage holes 5 is arranged in multiple rows along the width direction of the water retaining dam base 6. The drainage holes 5 can be designed with a row spacing of 3m to 5m, and the preferred row spacing is 3m. The depth of the drainage holes 5 is selected to be 0.5 times the height of the dam. The drainage holes 5 can drain the water inside the dam body, reduce the permeability gradient of the dam body, and better ensure the stability of the dam body.

[0020] In order to improve the structural stability, the inner end of the geotechnical reinforcement 8 in the water retaining dam base 6 is fixed by a concrete anchor block 7, and the outer end of the geotechnical reinforcement 8 is fixedly connected to the concrete support panel 10. The geotechnical reinforcement 8 can be pressed and fixed by a prefabricated concrete anchor block 7. Preferably, the geotechnical reinforcement 8 can also be cast into the concrete anchor block 7. When the geotechnical reinforcement is connected to the concrete support panel 10, the geotechnical reinforcement 8 can be pre-existing with an extra part, and the part is anchored to the panel with rivets, and the two form a whole, further improving the anti-overturning stability of the downstream support panel. Preferably, the geotechnical reinforcement 8 can also be directly cast in the concrete support panel 10.

[0021] In order to improve the structural stability, the geotechnical reinforcement 8 in the dam base 6 is arranged in multiple layers at intervals along the height direction of the dam base 6. The geotechnical reinforcement 8 of each layer is an integral whole on the plane, and each section of the reinforcement is connected by overlapping or welding.

[0022] In order to improve the structural stability, the inner surface of the concrete support panel 10 is provided with a filter geotextile 9. The filter geotextile mainly plays a filtering role, allowing water to pass freely and blocking soil particles.

[0023] In order to ensure that the water cushion can be formed when the downstream water level changes, the present invention is provided with a concrete bottom plate connected to the bottom of the concrete support panel 10, and an energy dissipation pool 12 is provided on the upper surface of the concrete bottom plate at the downstream side of the concrete support panel 10, and a tooth sill 13 is provided on the side of the energy dissipation pool 12 close to the downstream river channel. The energy dissipation pool 12 of the downstream river channel is arranged in combination with the concrete support panel 10, and the tooth sill 13 is provided according to the downstream water level to form a downstream water cushion. When the cantilevered water tongue 11 falls into the downstream river channel water cushion 14, the cantilevered water tongue is mixed and sheared by the water cushion to achieve the cantilevered energy dissipation effect.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, if the height of the first-level reinforced earth dam is relatively large (which means that there is a risk of instability in the panel), the downstream slope of the dam base 6 can be set as a step surface, and the concrete support panel 10 includes one or more levels of horizontally arranged support panel bottom plates 16. The downstream end of each level of the support panel bottom plate 16 is provided with a flow nose 17, and the water cushion of this level is used to mix and shear the water tongue of the previous level to achieve the energy dissipation effect.

Claims

1. Reinforced earth retaining dam, characterized by: The invention comprises a water retaining dam base (6) formed by reinforced soil, wherein the water-facing surface of the water retaining dam base (6) is a slope with the top inclined toward the downstream, and a cushion layer (2) and a slope surface concrete anti-seepage panel (1) are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside on the water-facing surface of the water retaining dam base (6), and a top concrete anti-seepage panel (3) is arranged on the top of the water retaining dam base (6), and the top concrete anti-seepage panel (3) and the slope surface concrete anti-seepage panel (1) are combined into a whole, and a sill (4) is arranged at the downstream end of the top concrete anti-seepage panel (3), and a concrete support panel (10) is arranged on the downstream slope of the water retaining dam base (6), and the downstream slope of the water retaining dam base (6) is a vertical slope, and the water retaining dam base (6) is arranged with a plurality of connecting concrete support panels (10) arranged inside. 0) has drainage holes (5) on the outer surface, the drainage holes (5) are arranged in a plurality of rows at intervals along the height direction of the water retaining dam base (6), and a plurality of drainage holes (5) are arranged in each row at intervals along the width direction of the water retaining dam base (6); the inner end of the geotechnical reinforcement (8) in the water retaining dam base (6) is fixed by a concrete anchor block (7), and the outer end of the geotechnical reinforcement (8) is fixedly connected to a concrete support panel (10); an anti-filter geotextile (9) is arranged on the inner surface of the concrete support panel (10); a concrete bottom plate connected to the concrete support panel (10) is arranged at the bottom, an energy dissipation pool (12) is arranged on the upper surface of the concrete bottom plate at the downstream side of the concrete support panel (10), and a toothed sill (13) is arranged on the side of the energy dissipation pool (12) close to the downstream river channel.

2. The reinforced earth retaining dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope surface concrete anti-seepage panel (1) adopts a reinforced concrete structure.

3. The reinforced earth retaining dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cushion layer (2) is made of graded sand and gravel.

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