Method, System and Device for Wireless Ad Hoc Network of Sensors

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method, system and device for wireless ad-hoc networking of sensors, belonging to the field of wireless communication technology. The method includes: taking the position of the gateway node as a reference, adjusting the communication hierarchical relationship between multiple sensor nodes according to the node positions of the deployed multiple sensors to form a network structure, wherein the multiple sensor nodes are divided into parent nodes and child nodes, and the parent nodes and child nodes are used for data collection; uploading the collected data to the adjacent parent node or the gateway node of the child node, wherein the data upload period is divided into a time synchronization stage, an access registration stage, and a data transmission stage in chronological order; dividing each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of multiple sensor nodes, so that each node is assigned to a corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage. The entire networking process and data transmission process are clear and convenient for analysis and debugging, ensuring that the data upload of the entire system meets the user requirements and achieving a balance between efficiency and power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and particularly to a method, system and device for wireless self-organizing network of sensors. Background Art

[0002] A wireless self-organizing network is a multi-hop temporary autonomous system composed of a group of movable nodes with wireless transceiver devices. In existing solutions, each sensor node uses the RTC clock to automatically wake up to ensure low power consumption of the network formation, and at the same time uses the method of reply and retransmission to avoid the loss of data due to the conflict of multiple sensor nodes sending data simultaneously.

[0003] In the solutions of the prior art, each node needs to be woken up frequently, resulting in relatively high power consumption. Moreover, relying solely on the method of reply and retransmission cannot fully ensure the stability and integrity of data transmission. Frequent retransmission will also lead to increased power consumption and even make the network structure of the system unstable. The network formation process of the prior art solutions is not clear, the debugging difficulty is large, the message transmission is chaotic, resulting in more retransmissions. When there are more nodes, the network formation process becomes more complex and chaotic. The data of each node needs to be transmitted to the gateway node through the multi-hop network separately, with a large number of transmission times and high power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method, system and device for wireless self-organizing network of sensors, so that each node does not need to be woken up frequently, resulting in large power consumption, and the entire network formation process and data transmission process are clear, convenient for analysis and debugging, ensuring that the data upload of the entire system meets the user requirements and achieving the balance between efficiency and power consumption.

[0005] To achieve the above objective, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for wireless self-organizing network of sensors, including: taking the position of the gateway node as a reference, adjusting the communication hierarchical relationship between multiple sensor nodes according to the node positions of the multiple deployed sensors to form a network structure, where the multiple sensor nodes are divided into parent nodes and sub-nodes for data collection; uploading the collected data to the adjacent parent node of the sub-node or the gateway node, where the upload period of the data is divided into a time synchronization stage, an access registration stage, and a data transmission stage in chronological order; dividing each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes, so that each node is assigned to a corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage.

[0006] To avoid message transmission conflicts of each node in the corresponding stage, each stage is divided into several time slots according to the number of nodes. Each node has its own corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage and only sends data in its exclusive time slot, avoiding data conflicts and making the entire network formation process and data transmission process clear, convenient for analysis and debugging.

[0007] Optionally, determine the position of the gateway node according to the signal strength.

[0008] Optionally, in the time synchronization phase, enable the gateway node to broadcast a time synchronization frame to the multiple sensor nodes, where the time synchronization frame includes relevant basic parameters of the ad hoc network; determine whether the source address node is the parent node of the local sensor node according to the signal strength of the received time synchronization frame; enable the multiple sensor nodes to modify their relative time, and change the source address in the broadcast synchronization frame to their own address; enable the multiple sensor nodes to randomly back off within the corresponding time slots, and then forward the time synchronization frame level by level.

[0009] Compared with the existing ad hoc network technical solutions, the application data of each node does not need to be separately transmitted to the gateway node through a multi-hop network, the number of transmissions is significantly reduced, the power consumption is small, the data is uploaded level by level, and finally the gateway node receives the data of all nodes in this data cycle, and the whole process is clear and orderly.

[0010] Optionally, the relevant basic parameters of the ad hoc network include one or more of the following: relative time, the own addresses of the multiple sensor nodes, data cycle, and transmission power, where the relative time is relative time data based on the gateway node time and is used for the time synchronization of the entire system.

[0011] Optionally, in the network access registration phase, enable the multiple sensor nodes to respectively send network access registration frames within their own time slots to request access to the network, where the destination address of the network access registration frame is the parent node address of the multiple sensor nodes recorded in the time synchronization phase; determine whether the destination address of the sensor node corresponding to the parent node is its own address; when it is determined that the destination address of the sensor node corresponding to the parent node is its own address, enable the multiple sensor nodes to sequentially forward the network access registration frame to their corresponding parent nodes until finally reaching the gateway node, where; enable the gateway node to receive the network access registration frames of the multiple sensor nodes, parse to obtain the routing tables of all the multiple sensor nodes, and in the next data cycle, enable the gateway node to broadcast and send the time synchronization frame to clarify the parent node and child node information of the multiple sensor nodes and the corresponding time slots.

[0012] Optionally, the routing table changes in real time according to the network access situation, and includes one or more of the following: the own addresses of the multiple sensor nodes, the parent node addresses of the multiple sensor nodes, the child node addresses of the multiple sensor nodes, and the number of sensor nodes at each level.

[0013] Optionally, in the data transmission phase, the multiple sensor nodes are made to send data frames to corresponding parent nodes within the allocated time slots; after the corresponding parent nodes receive the data from the multiple sensor nodes, they send acknowledgment frames; the corresponding parent nodes are made to aggregate the data of all the multiple sensor nodes corresponding to them and their own data, and send the aggregated data to the parent node of the corresponding parent node within the allocated time slot; the data is aggregated and sent step by step until the gateway node receives the data of all levels of child nodes.

[0014] Optionally, dividing each phase into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes includes: equally dividing each phase into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes.

[0015] The acknowledgment retransmission mechanism and the pre-transmission channel CAD detection mechanism in the above method greatly avoid the problem of multiple sensor nodes sending simultaneously, as well as message collision and retransmission due to loss, ensuring fast and stable network formation and data transmission, and at the same time reducing the system power consumption.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a system for wireless ad-hoc networking of sensors, including: a processor module, where there are multiple processor modules, which are used to adjust the communication hierarchical relationship between multiple sensor nodes with reference to the position of the gateway node according to the node positions of the multiple sensors that have been deployed, so as to form a network structure, where the multiple sensor nodes are divided into parent nodes and child nodes, and the parent nodes and child nodes are used to collect data, and the processor module is configured to: divide the upload period of the data into a time synchronization phase, an access registration phase, and a data transmission phase in chronological order; divide each phase into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes, so that each node is allocated a corresponding time slot in the corresponding phase; a communication module, where there are multiple communication modules, which are used to upload the collected data to the neighboring parent node of the child node or the gateway node.

[0017] Optionally, in the time synchronization phase, the processor module is configured to: make the gateway node broadcast a time synchronization frame to the multiple sensor nodes, and the time synchronization frame includes relevant basic parameters of the ad-hoc network; determine whether the source address node is the parent node of the present sensor node according to the signal strength of the received time synchronization frame; make the multiple sensor nodes modify their relative time and modify their addresses to the source address; make the multiple sensor nodes randomly back off within the corresponding time slots, and then forward the time synchronization frame step by step.

[0018] Optionally, in the network access registration stage, the processor module is configured to: cause the multiple sensor nodes to respectively send network access registration frames within their own time slots to request access to the network, where the destination address of the network access registration frame is the parent node addresses of the multiple sensor nodes recorded in the time synchronization stage; determine whether the destination address of the sensor node corresponding to the parent node is its own address; when it is determined that the destination address of the sensor node corresponding to the parent node is its own address, cause the multiple sensor nodes to sequentially forward the network access registration frame to their corresponding parent nodes until it finally reaches the gateway node, where; cause the gateway node to receive the network access registration frames of the multiple sensor nodes, parse to obtain the routing tables of all the multiple sensor nodes, and in the next data cycle, cause the gateway node to broadcast and send the time synchronization frame to clarify the parent node and child node information of the multiple sensor nodes and the corresponding time slots.

[0019] Optionally, in the data transmission stage, the processor module is configured to: cause the multiple sensor nodes to send data frames to their corresponding parent nodes within the allocated time slots; cause the corresponding parent nodes to send acknowledgment frames after receiving the data of the multiple sensor nodes; cause the corresponding parent nodes to aggregate the data of all the corresponding multiple sensor nodes and their own data, and send it to the parent node of the corresponding parent node within the allocated time slot; aggregate and send step by step until the gateway node receives the data of all levels of child nodes.

[0020] Optionally, the processor module and the communication module can be integrated within the same package. The integration of the processor module and the communication module of the system results in fewer discrete components, smaller size, lower cost, shorter development cycle, and better stability for the node device, and it can be applied to occasions with limited space.

[0021] Optionally, the system includes: an indication module, disposed outside the package, for indicating the current network signal quality at different blinking frequencies under the control of the processor module, facilitating the user to deploy the node device. In the existing technical solutions, when deploying the node positions, only the gateway node can be used as a reference, and the positions of each sensor node are deployed relying on feeling, without a clear indication reference. It may be impossible to quickly form a stable network topology due to unreasonable signal problems caused by the layout, taking more time, and it will also take more time to add or remove nodes and optimize the network structure later.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention provides a device, which includes a processor and a memory, and the processor is configured to execute the method for wireless ad-hoc networking of any one of the sensors in the present application.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, one round of data upload cycle of the entire system is divided into a time synchronization phase, an access registration phase, and a data transmission phase in chronological order. At the same time, in order to avoid message transmission conflicts among nodes in the corresponding phases, time division multiple access technology is used. Each phase is divided into several time slots according to the number of nodes. Each node has its own corresponding time slot in the corresponding phase and only sends data in its exclusive time slot, avoiding data conflicts. The entire networking process and data transmission process are clear; the above technical solution can modify parameters such as the data cycle of each node when the gateway node broadcasts the time synchronization frame according to the number of nodes actually deployed and the different user data upload cycle times, ensuring that the data upload of the entire system meets the user requirements and achieving a balance between efficiency and power consumption. According to the preferred implementation manner, the modular integration of the system enables the node hardware device to have fewer discrete components, smaller size, and lower cost, and can be applied to occasions with limited space.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the following specific implementation to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for wireless ad-hoc networking of the sensors of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the network structure of the wireless ad-hoc networking of the sensors of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the upload cycle of the data of the present invention in chronological order;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the module diagram of the system for wireless ad-hoc networking of sensors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The following will describe in detail the specific implementation of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Method Embodiment

[0032] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for wireless ad-hoc networking of the sensors of the present invention.

[0033] See Figure 1, in the method according to the present application, the communication hierarchy includes three types of nodes, namely gateway nodes, sensor (relay) nodes, and sensor nodes, which can also be understood as gateway nodes, parent nodes, and child nodes, and are also equivalent to gateway nodes, superior nodes, and inferior nodes.

[0034] In S101, with the position of the gateway node as a reference, according to the node positions of multiple sensors that have been deployed. Specifically, when deploying the network, a suitable first erection position is selected to erect the first wireless ad-hoc network node as the gateway node. For example, the position of the gateway node is determined according to the signal strength; thereafter, with the gateway node as a reference, according to the actual application needs and the network signal quality indicator lights, the positions of each sensor node are deployed. Each sensor node is responsible for data collection and sending it to the adjacent superior sensor node or the gateway node. Therefore, some sensor nodes (parent nodes) not only collect data but also have the function of aggregating the data of the subordinate sensor nodes (child nodes) and relaying and sending it. Finally, the data is aggregated at the gateway node and sent to the background for display.

[0035] In S103, regardless of how the positions of each sensor node change, or whether the number of sensor nodes increases or decreases, according to the adjacent node positions and signal quality at that time, through the configuration of the processor module, the communication hierarchy relationship between multiple sensor nodes is adjusted to form a new wireless ad-hoc network structure in S105 to ensure the stability of data transmission.

[0036] According to the embodiment, in order to ensure that each sensor node is responsible for data collection and sending it to the adjacent superior sensor node or the gateway node, and for the smooth networking, clear process, and convenient debugging, the data upload cycle is divided into a time synchronization stage, an access registration stage, and a data transmission stage in chronological order. This time synchronization stage, access registration stage, and data transmission stage do not completely divide a data cycle into three equal parts. The proportions of these three stages in the entire data cycle time can be adjusted according to the different data transmission amounts in each stage. Usually, the proportion is 1:1:1, but according to the amount of data transmitted, the proportion allocated to the third stage will be more. The so-called equal division means that in each of these three different stages, the time occupied by this stage is equally divided according to the number of system nodes, that is, each stage is divided into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes, including: each stage is equally divided into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes.

[0037] According to the embodiment, in order to avoid message transmission conflicts among nodes in the corresponding stage, using the time division multiple access technology, each stage is equally divided into multiple time slots according to the number of multiple sensor nodes, so that each node is allocated to the corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage and only sends data in its own exclusive time slot. The entire networking process and data transmission process are clear. Specific embodiments will be combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3It will be further explained below.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the network structure of the wireless ad hoc network of the sensor of the present invention.

[0039] See Figure 2 , each node device hardware in the ad hoc network system is exactly the same. According to different deployment positions, the functions it realizes are also different. As shown in the network below, it includes a tree network and a multi-hop network. In this ad hoc network according to the embodiment, it includes a gateway node 201, sensor (relay) nodes 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 212 which are also parent nodes, and sensor nodes 202, 206, 207, 211, 213, 214 which are also child nodes. Among them, for example, node 204 is a child node of node 203 and also a parent node of nodes 205, 207 and 208. Then node 204 is responsible for data collection and sending it to the adjacent upper-level sensor node 203. Node 204 not only collects data but also has the function of summarizing the data of the lower-level sensor nodes 205, 207 and 208 (child nodes) and relaying and sending it. The communication hierarchical relationship is a relative parent-child node relationship or an upper-lower node relationship.

[0040] According to the embodiment, if it successfully receives the broadcast time synchronization frame, it determines whether the source address node is its own parent node according to the signal strength of the received time synchronization frame, and determines its own level according to the level of the node sending the time synchronization frame. For example, the level of the gateway node 201 is 0, the levels of the sensor child nodes 202 and 203 with the gateway node as the parent node are 1, the level of the sensor child node 204 with the node 203 with level 1 as the parent node is 2, and so on. The nodes with level 3 are 205, 207, 208, the level of the sensor child node 209 with the node 208 with level 3 as the parent node is 4, and the levels of the sensor child nodes 210, 212 and 214 with the node 209 with level 4 as the parent node are 5, and so on. Through this method, an ad hoc network is formed after determining the gateway node and the levels of the nodes. In the existing ad hoc network technical solutions, the data of each node needs to be transmitted to the gateway node through the multi-hop network separately, with a large number of transmission times and high power consumption. This embodiment has the following advantages: The child node (such as 207) first transmits the data to its upper-level parent node (such as 204). After the upper-level parent node 204 summarizes the data of all its child nodes (such as 207, 208 and 205) and adds the data of its own node 204, it packs and sends it to its parent node 203, and uploads level by level. Finally, the gateway node 201 receives the data of all nodes in this data cycle. The whole process is clear and orderly, with fewer transmission times, effectively reducing the system power consumption.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the upload cycle of the data of the present invention in chronological order.

[0042] See Figure 3 , the upload period of the said data is divided into a time synchronization stage, a network access registration stage, and a data transmission stage in chronological order. Among them, in the preferred embodiment, a round of data upload period 301 is divided into a time synchronization stage 3011, a network access registration stage 3013, and a data transmission stage 3015 in chronological order. At the same time, to avoid message transmission conflicts among nodes in the corresponding stages, the time division multiple access technology (Time division multiple access, abbreviation: TDMA) is used. Each stage is divided into several time slots according to the number of nodes. Each node has its own corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage (such as 3011a, 3011b... 3011n). Dividing each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of the said multiple sensor nodes includes: equally dividing each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of the said multiple sensor nodes. The gateway node can allocate different time lengths to it according to the different numbers of child nodes of the relay node. Because in the data transmission stage, the more the number of child nodes of the relay node, the greater the amount of data to be transmitted. To ensure the completion of data transmission, more time can be allocated to this relay node.

[0043] According to the embodiment, in combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in the time synchronization stage 3011:

[0044] a) According to Figure 2 the self-organizing network structure, after each node is arranged and powered on, the gateway node 201 periodically broadcasts a time synchronization frame to multiple sensor nodes at the beginning of a data cycle according to the data cycle. The time synchronization frame contains relevant basic parameters of the self-organizing network system. The parameters include one or more of the following: relative time, the own addresses of the said multiple sensor nodes, data cycle, and transmit power. Among them, the relative time is relative time data based on the gateway node time and is used for the time synchronization of the entire system.

[0045] b) Each sensor node listens to the broadcast signal. If it successfully receives the broadcast time synchronization frame, it parses and determines whether the source address node is its own parent node according to the signal strength of the received time synchronization frame, and determines its own level according to the level of the node that sends the time synchronization frame. For example, the gateway node 201 sends time synchronization frames to nodes 203 and 202 respectively, then it is determined that nodes 202 and 203 are at level 1, and their parent node is 201; node 203 continues to send a time synchronization frame to node 204, then node 204 determines that it is at level 2 and its parent node is node 203.

[0046] c) Modify the relative time of this node itself according to the relative time information in the received time synchronization frame, and change the source address in the broadcast synchronization frame to its own address.

[0047] d) Randomly back off for a short period of time (not exceeding its own time slot) within its own time slot in the same time synchronization phase (the initial time slot is related to its own address, and subsequent ones are allocated by the upper-level node), and then forward the modified broadcast synchronization frame (modify the relative time in the frame to the real-time relative time of this node at this time before forwarding the broadcast synchronization frame). If the same node receives a new broadcast synchronization frame in the same time synchronization phase, the node will no longer perform the forwarding operation.

[0048] The broadcast time synchronization frame is forwarded level by level until the entire network is covered. This process enables newly added sensor nodes to be discovered by the ad hoc network in a timely manner and increases the coverage area of the ad hoc network. According to the different numbers of nodes actually deployed and the user data upload cycle time, use the gateway node to broadcast the time synchronization frame and modify parameters such as the data cycle of each node to ensure that the data upload of the entire system meets the user requirements and achieves a balance between efficiency and power consumption.

[0049] According to the embodiment, in combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in the network access registration phase 3013:

[0050] e) Multiple sensor nodes send network access registration frames within their own time slots to request access to the network. The destination address of the network access registration frame is the address of the parent node recorded in the time synchronization phase 3011, and the source address is its own address. Specifically, when the child node 205 sends a network access registration frame to request access to the network, it first needs to send it to its parent node 204 for confirmation.

[0051] f) After receiving the network access registration frame, the sensor (relay) node determines whether the destination address is its own address. For example, after node 204 receives the network access registration frame of child node 205, it determines whether the destination address of child node 205 of node 204 is its own (204) address.

[0052] g) If so, record that the source address node of the received network access registration frame (such as node 205) is a child node of the local node 204, and record the information of the attached node 206 of the child node 204. Modify the destination address of the network access registration frame to the parent node 203 of the local node 204, and the source address to the address of the local node 204. Record the number of all child nodes of the local node 204 (such as the child nodes of 204 being 205, 207, and 208) in the data segment of the network access registration frame to facilitate the gateway node 201 to summarize and finally allocate the time sequence numbers of all nodes in the network. It is also necessary to record the node address to be registered for network access and its parent node address in the data segment of the network access registration frame, and then forward the network access registration frame within the corresponding time slot of the local node 204 in the network access registration stage of the same data cycle.

[0053] According to the embodiment, the sensor (relay) node 204 sequentially forwards the network access registration frame to its parent node 203 (the data field of the forwarded network access registration frame always stores the node address to be registered for network access and its parent node address, and at the same time continuously updates the number of all child nodes of the local sensor (relay) node) until it finally reaches the gateway node 201.

[0054] According to the embodiment, after receiving the network access registration frame of each sensor node, the gateway node 201 parses to obtain the routing tables of all sensor nodes (which change in real time according to the network access situation), including information such as the address of each level of sensor node itself, the parent and child node addresses, and the number of nodes at each level. When the gateway node broadcasts and sends the time synchronization frame in the next data cycle, the number of lower-level child nodes (only the next level, not all levels), the address information of the child nodes, and the corresponding time sequence number are included in the data segment of the time synchronization frame. After receiving the time synchronization frame, the sensor (relay) node will modify its time slot according to the time sequence number, and the number of lower-level child nodes (only the next level), the address information of the child nodes, and the allocated corresponding time sequence number are also included in the data segment of the forwarded time synchronization frame. It is sent level by level, and finally each node clarifies its parent and child node information and time slot, and thus the self-organizing network stage is completed.

[0055] According to the embodiment, in combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in the data transmission stage 3015:

[0056] h) The sensor node sends an application data frame containing sensor data to the parent node within the time slot allocated by the system in the data transmission stage of each data cycle. Specifically, for example, node 205 sends a data frame to its parent node 204 within its time slot.

[0057] i) After the sensor (relay) node 204 receives the data from the subordinate node 205, it immediately sends an acknowledgment frame. If the corresponding child node 205 does not receive the acknowledgment frame sent by the parent node 204, it needs to retransmit the data frame to the parent node 204. The child node 205 can retransmit the data frame to the parent node 204 at most three times.

[0058] j) After this node 204 aggregates the data of all child nodes (such as nodes 205, 207, and 2089) and adds its own data (204), it packs and sends the data to its parent node 203 within the time slot allocated by the system.

[0059] k) Aggregate and send level by level. Finally, the gateway node 201 receives the data of all levels of child nodes and sends it for background display.

[0060] In the method embodiment of the present invention, each stage within the data period is divided into several time slots according to the number of nodes. Each node has its own corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage and only sends data in its exclusive time slot, avoiding data conflicts. At the same time, in addition to the time division multiple access technology, a random backoff mechanism, an acknowledgment retransmission mechanism, and a pre - transmission channel CAD detection mechanism are also adopted during message sending, greatly avoiding the problem of multiple sensor nodes sending simultaneously, as well as message conflicts and loss retransmission, ensuring the fast and stable networking and data transmission, and at the same time reducing the system power consumption.

[0061] Device embodiment

[0062] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a module of a system for wireless ad - hoc networking of sensors.

[0063] See Figure 4 , a system 400 for wireless ad - hoc networking of sensors includes a processor module 401 and a communication module 403.

[0064] According to the embodiment, the processor module 401, which can be multiple, is used to adjust the communication hierarchy relationship between multiple sensor nodes with reference to the position of the gateway node according to the node positions of the multiple deployed sensors to form a network structure. Among them, the multiple sensor nodes are divided into parent nodes and child nodes, and the parent nodes and child nodes are used to collect data. The processor module 401 is configured to:

[0065] Divide the upload period of the data into a time synchronization stage, an access registration stage, and a data transmission stage in chronological order;

[0066] Divide each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes, so that each node is assigned a corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage.

[0067] According to an embodiment, the processor module may be a low-power secure wireless MCU, which may include a built-in security algorithm module ( Figure 4 not shown). The security algorithm module encrypts the data transmitted between nodes, which can effectively protect the security of data exchange, prevent others from maliciously tampering with system parameters or stealing data information, and affect production safety.

[0068] According to an embodiment, the communication module 403. There may be multiple communication modules, which are used to collect data from the parent nodes and child nodes divided by the multiple sensor nodes, and upload the collected data to the adjacent parent node of the child node or the gateway node. Specifically, Chirp-IOT TM modulation and demodulation technology can be adopted, which supports half-duplex wireless communication, and the working frequency band range can be 400 - 510 MHz, such as a high-performance RF transceiver.

[0069] The processor module 401 and the communication module 403 are configured to have Figures 1 to 3 all the functions of the above embodiments in , which will not be elaborated here.

[0070] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor module 401 and the communication module 403 may be integrated within the same package. Existing technical solutions use a large number of discrete components, resulting in a large circuit board size, high cost, long development and debugging time, and possible impacts on system power consumption and reliability. Due to size and cost issues, the application scenarios may be limited. Through the system 400 of the present invention, the node device has fewer discrete components, a small size, low cost, a short development cycle, and better stability, and can be applied to occasions with limited space.

[0071] According to an embodiment, the system 400 may further include an indication module 405, which may be disposed outside the package and is used to indicate the current network signal quality at different flashing frequencies under the control of the processor module, facilitating users to deploy node devices. In existing technical solutions, when deploying the node positions, only the gateway node can be used as a reference, and the positions of each sensor node are deployed relying on feeling, without a clear indication reference. It may take a long time to quickly form a stable network topology due to unreasonable signal problems caused by the layout, and it will also take a lot of time to add or remove nodes and optimize the network structure later. The indication module 405 in the system 400 is equipped with a network signal quality indicator light, which can indicate the current network signal quality at different flashing frequencies according to the RSSI size of the received message under the control of the MCU, making it more convenient and fast for users to deploy nodes accordingly.

[0072] According to a preferred embodiment, when the processor module 401 and the communication module 403 can be integrated into the processor module 401 within the same package, the processor module 401 is configured to have Figures 1 to 3 all the functions of the above embodiments in , which will not be elaborated here.

[0073] An embodiment of the present invention provides a device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the method steps shown as Figures 1 to 3 are implemented. The device herein may be a chip, a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.

[0074] Through the above technical solution, a round of data upload cycle of the entire system is divided into a time synchronization stage, an access registration stage, and a data transmission stage in chronological order. At the same time, in order to avoid message transmission conflicts among nodes in the corresponding stages, the time division multiple access technology is used. Each stage is divided into several time slots according to the number of nodes. Each node has its own corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage and only sends data in its exclusive time slot, avoiding data conflicts. The entire networking process and data transmission process are clear; the above technical solution can modify parameters such as the data cycle of each node when the gateway node broadcasts the time synchronization frame according to the number of nodes actually deployed and the difference in the user data upload cycle time, ensuring that the data upload of the entire system meets the user requirements and achieving a balance between efficiency and power consumption; the module integration of the system makes the hardware devices of the nodes have fewer discrete components, smaller size, and lower cost, and can be applied to occasions with limited space.

[0075] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, stamps, and / or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk memories, CD-ROMs, optical memories, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0076] It should also be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, commodity or device including the element.

[0077] The above are only the embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for wireless self-organizing network of a sensor, characterized in that, Including: With the position of the gateway node as a reference, according to the node positions of multiple deployed sensors, adjust the communication hierarchical relationship between the multiple sensor nodes to form a network structure, where Divide the multiple sensor nodes into parent nodes and child nodes, and the parent nodes and child nodes are used to collect data; Upload the collected data to the adjacent parent node of the child node or the gateway node, where Divide the upload period of the data into a time synchronization stage, an access registration stage, and a data transmission stage in chronological order, and adjust the time ratio of each stage in the upload period according to the different data transmission amounts in each stage; Divide each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes, so that each node is assigned a corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage, In the time synchronization stage, make the gateway node broadcast a time synchronization frame to the multiple sensor nodes, and the time synchronization frame includes the relevant basic parameters of the ad hoc network; According to the signal strength of the received time synchronization frame, determine whether the source address node is the parent node of the local sensor node, and determine the level of the local sensor node according to the level of the gateway node that sends the time synchronization frame; Make the multiple sensor nodes modify their relative time, and change the source address in the broadcast synchronization frame to their own address; Make the multiple sensor nodes randomly back off within the corresponding time slot, and then forward the time synchronization frame level by level.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Determine the position of the gateway node according to the signal strength.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The relevant basic parameters of the ad hoc network include one or more of the following: relative time, the own addresses of the multiple sensor nodes, data period, and transmission power, where The relative time is relative time data based on the gateway node time and is used for time synchronization of the entire system.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein In the access registration stage, Make the multiple sensor nodes respectively send access registration frames in their own time slots to request access to the network, where the destination address of the access registration frame is the parent node address of the multiple sensor nodes recorded in the time synchronization stage; Judge whether the destination address of the sensor node corresponding to the parent node is its own address; When it is judged that the destination address of the sensor node corresponding to the parent node is its own address, make the multiple sensor nodes sequentially forward the access registration frame to their corresponding parent nodes until it finally reaches the gateway node, where; Make the gateway node receive the access registration frames of the multiple sensor nodes, parse to obtain the routing tables of all the multiple sensor nodes, and in the next data period, make the gateway node broadcast and send the time synchronization frame to clarify the parent node and child node information of the multiple sensor nodes and the corresponding time slots.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The routing table changes in real time according to the access situation, and includes one or more of the following: the own addresses of the multiple sensor nodes, the parent node addresses of the multiple sensor nodes, the child node addresses of the multiple sensor nodes, and the number of sensor nodes at each level.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the data transmission stage, Make the multiple sensor nodes send data frames to the corresponding parent nodes within the assigned time slots; After the corresponding parent node receives the data of the multiple sensor nodes, it sends an acknowledgment frame. Enable the corresponding parent node to aggregate the data of all the multiple sensor nodes corresponding to it and its own data, and send them to the parent node of the corresponding parent node within the allocated time slot. Aggregate and send step by step until the gateway node receives the data of all levels of child nodes.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Dividing each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes includes: Equally divide each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes.

8. A wireless ad-hoc network system for sensors, used for the wireless ad-hoc network of sensors, characterized in that, Include: A processor module, there are multiple of the processor modules, which are used to adjust the communication hierarchy relationship between multiple sensor nodes with reference to the gateway node position according to the node positions of the multiple deployed sensors to form a network structure. Among them, the multiple sensor nodes are divided into parent nodes and child nodes, and the parent nodes and child nodes are used to collect data. The processor module is configured as: Divide the upload period of the data into a time synchronization stage, an access registration stage, and a data transmission stage in chronological order, and adjust the time ratio of each stage in the upload period according to the different data transmission amounts of each stage. Divide each stage into multiple time slots according to the number of the multiple sensor nodes, so that each node is assigned a corresponding time slot in the corresponding stage. A communication module, there are multiple of the communication modules, which are used to upload the collected data to the adjacent parent node of the child node or the gateway node. In the time synchronization stage, the processor module is configured as: Enable the gateway node to broadcast and send a time synchronization frame to the multiple sensor nodes, and the time synchronization frame includes the relevant basic parameters of the ad hoc network. Determine whether the source address node is the parent node of the local sensor node according to the signal strength of the received time synchronization frame, and determine the level of the local sensor node according to the level of the gateway node that sends the time synchronization frame. Enable the multiple sensor nodes to modify their relative time and change the source address in the broadcast synchronization frame to their own address. Enable the multiple sensor nodes to randomly back off within the corresponding time slot, and then forward the time synchronization frame step by step.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein In the access registration stage, the processor module is configured as: Enable the multiple sensor nodes to send access registration frames in their own time slots respectively to request access to the network, where the destination address of the access registration frame is the parent node address of the multiple sensor nodes recorded in the time synchronization stage. Judge whether the destination address of the sensor node corresponding to the parent node is its own address. When it is judged that the destination address of the sensor node corresponding to the parent node is its own address, enable the multiple sensor nodes to forward the access registration frame to their corresponding parent nodes in sequence until it finally reaches the gateway node, where; Enable the gateway node to receive the access registration frames of the multiple sensor nodes, parse to obtain the routing tables of all the multiple sensor nodes, and in the next data cycle, enable the gateway node to broadcast and send the time synchronization frame to clarify the parent node and child node information of the multiple sensor nodes and the corresponding time slots.

10. The system according to claim 8, wherein, During the data transmission phase, the processor module is configured to: Cause the multiple sensor nodes to send data frames to corresponding parent nodes within the allocated time slots; Cause the corresponding parent nodes to send acknowledgment frames after receiving the data from the multiple sensor nodes; Cause the corresponding parent nodes to aggregate the data of all the multiple sensor nodes corresponding thereto and the own data of the corresponding parent nodes, and send the aggregated data to the parent node of the corresponding parent node within the allocated time slot; Aggregate and send step by step until the gateway node receives the data of all levels of child nodes.

11. The system according to claim 8, wherein The processor module and the communication module may be integrated within the same package.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein Including: An indication module, disposed outside the package, for indicating the current network signal quality at different blinking frequencies under the control of the processor module.

13. A device for a wireless ad hoc network of sensors, the device comprising a processor and a memory, characterized in that, The processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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