A Ka-band phased array antenna and terminal

Abstract

The Ka-band phased array antenna provided by the application is a foldable portable satellite communication antenna for multiple scenes, comprising: an antenna array layer which is electrically connected and foldable or unfoldable, a Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer, a heat dissipation system layer and a power supply layer. Since the antenna can be folded or unfolded, it can be used on a vehicle or carried by a single soldier. By integrating a satellite information acquisition module, a wave control mainboard, a transmitting array control panel and a receiving array control panel in the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer, position information, attitude information, inertial navigation information and ephemeris information can be solved in real time to obtain a beam pointing angle, generate a control instruction of the beam, and control the transmitting array control panel and the receiving array control panel, so that satellite searching can be realized quickly in different scenes such as "communication in static state" or "communication in dynamic state", satellite information can be acquired in real time, satellite communication can be performed, and communication efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite navigation technology, and in particular to a Ka-band phased array antenna and terminal. Background Technology

[0002] In current technologies, communication vehicles cannot directly reach the disaster site. Rescue personnel not only need to carry relief supplies and medical equipment, but also vehicle-mounted and portable communication terminals. However, existing vehicle-mounted communication terminals mostly use the mechanical rotation of antennas to scan a certain airspace. Generally, mechanical scanning antennas use two- or three-axis rotation, which takes up a large volume. Furthermore, because vehicle-mounted and portable communication terminals cannot be switched, rescue personnel still need to carry portable communication terminals. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lightweight and compact satellite antenna and satellite communication terminal that can be used in multiple scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a Ka-band phased array antenna and terminal, which can realize a lightweight and compact satellite antenna and satellite communication terminal for use in multiple scenarios.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment provides a Ka-band phased array antenna, comprising: an antenna array layer electrically connected to each other and capable of being folded or unfolded; a Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer; a heat dissipation system layer; and a power supply layer; the antenna array layer includes a Ka-band antenna transmitting array and a Ka-band antenna receiving array spaced at a predetermined distance from the Ka-band antenna transmitting array, the distance being sufficient to allow the antenna array layer to be folded or unfolded; the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer includes a beam control main board, a transmitting array control board, a receiving array control board, and a satellite information acquisition module electrically connected to each other, wherein the transmitting array control board and the receiving array control board are respectively coupled to the Ka-band antenna transmitting array and the Ka-band antenna receiving array, and the satellite information acquisition module is used to acquire position information and attitude information. The system includes beacon and ephemeris information. The beam control motherboard processes the position, attitude, beacon, and ephemeris information to calculate the beam pointing angle and generate beam control commands, which are sent to the transmit array control board and the receive array control board, respectively. The transmit array control board adjusts the amplitude and phase of the Ka-band antenna transmit array according to the control commands, and the receive array control board adjusts the amplitude and phase of the Ka-band antenna receive array according to the control commands. The heat dissipation system layer includes two heat dissipation cavities and heat dissipation components that can respectively house the antenna array layer and the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer. The power supply layer includes multiple power supply sub-circuits to provide power to the antenna array layer, the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer, and the heat dissipation system layer, respectively.

[0005] Furthermore, the satellite information acquisition module includes a navigation system positioning module, an inertial navigation module, and a beacon receiver module. The navigation system positioning module is used to acquire position information, the inertial navigation module is used to acquire attitude information, and the beacon receiver module is used to acquire beacon information and ephemeris information including the satellite orbit.

[0006] Furthermore, the beam control motherboard includes a first microprocessor and a second microprocessor electrically connected to each other. The first microprocessor is electrically connected to the navigation system positioning module, the inertial navigation module, and the beacon receiver module, respectively, and is used to receive instructions from the baseband processor, and to obtain the beam pointing angle and correction value instructions of the transmitting antenna array or the receiving antenna array based on the position information, attitude information, beacon information, and ephemeris information, and send them to the second microprocessor. The second microprocessor is electrically connected to the transmitting array control board and the receiving array control board, respectively, and is used to calculate the amplitude and phase values ​​of each subarray unit corresponding to the beam pointing angle of the transmitting antenna array or the receiving antenna array based on the beam pointing angle and correction value instructions, and convert them into corresponding control instructions and distribute them to the transmitting array control board or the receiving array control board.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmitting array control board includes a third microprocessor, a first frequency conversion module, a power distribution module, and a multi-channel transmitting microprocessor that are electrically connected to each other. The third microprocessor is electrically connected to the second microprocessor and is used to receive beam pointing angle and correction value commands, and send a first radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam pointing angle and correction value commands to the first frequency conversion module. The first frequency conversion module is used to convert the first radio frequency signal to a second radio frequency signal and send the second radio frequency signal to the power distribution module. The power distribution module is used to distribute the second radio frequency signal to the multi-channel transmitting microprocessor with equal power. The multi-channel transmitting microprocessor is electrically connected to the transmitting antenna array and is used to process the second radio frequency signal with equal power distribution and send it to the transmitting antenna array to be radiated into space.

[0008] Furthermore, the receiving array control board includes a fourth microprocessor, a second frequency conversion module, a power combining module, and a multi-channel receiving microprocessor electrically connected to each other. The multi-channel receiving microprocessor is electrically connected to the receiving antenna array and is used to receive the second radio frequency signal received by the receiving antenna array, process the second radio frequency signal, and send it to the power combining module. The power combining module is used to perform power combining on the received second radio frequency signal and convert it into a radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam. The second frequency conversion module is used to perform frequency conversion on the radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal and send the fourth radio frequency signal to the fourth microprocessor. The fourth microprocessor is electrically connected to the second microprocessor and is used to send the fourth radio frequency signal to the second microprocessor.

[0009] Furthermore, the Ka antenna transmitting array includes multiple Ka transmitting array elements that generate circularly polarized radiation, and each Ka transmitting array element is a doubly fed microstrip antenna.

[0010] Furthermore, the Ka antenna receiving array includes multiple Ka receiving array elements that generate circularly polarized radiation. Each Ka receiving array element is a doubly fed microstrip antenna and includes a 90-degree bridge as a feed grid.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple low-frequency pin header connectors are provided between the antenna array layer, the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer, and the power supply layer. These low-frequency pin header connectors are used to transmit power signals and control signals. In addition, multiple radio frequency connectors are provided between the antenna array layer and the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer. These radio frequency connectors are used to transmit radio frequency signals.

[0012] Furthermore, the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer also includes a multimode modem module electrically connected to the beam control motherboard. The multimode modem module is used to adapt to different high and low orbit constellations for communication.

[0013] Secondly, the embodiments provide a Ka-band phased array antenna terminal, including the Ka-band phased array antenna as described in any of the foregoing embodiments, and further including: a satellite communication terminal placement box, a portable power supply, and a suction cup.

[0014] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0015] 1) The first aspect of the present invention provides a Ka-band phased array antenna, wherein the antenna array layer includes a Ka antenna transmitting array and a Ka antenna receiving array spaced at a preset distance from the Ka antenna transmitting array. This spacing distance allows the antenna array layer to be folded or unfolded, thereby reducing the size of the antenna array layer by half, improving the user's usability and making it easier to carry.

[0016] 2) By integrating satellite information acquisition modules, wave control motherboards, transmit array control boards, and receive array control boards into the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer, the beam pointing angle can be obtained in real time by calculating position information, attitude information, inertial navigation information, and ephemeris information. Beam commands are then sent to the transmit array control board and the receive array control board, and the information returned by the control board is read back and verified. In other words, the phased array electronic scanning technology can achieve rapid satellite search, real-time acquisition of satellite information, and satellite communication, thereby improving communication efficiency. Moreover, it can replace traditional power amplifiers (BUC), low-noise amplifiers (LNB), down-converter amplifiers (BDC), and parabolic or horn planar antennas, thereby reducing the size and weight of the antenna, improving user efficiency, and making it easier to carry.

[0017] 3) To achieve wide-angle scanning characteristics, the parasitic patch is inverted on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer. The reactance change generated by the first dielectric layer during scanning is opposite to that generated by the ground plane. Therefore, it can cancel the reactance change caused by scanning, reduce the impedance mismatch, and enable the array to scan a relatively large angle. At the same time, a compromise optimization design method is adopted for the cells during array assembly, which further reduces the impact of mutual coupling on the array scanning capability.

[0018] 4) Multiple low-frequency pin header connectors are provided between the antenna array layer, the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer, and the power supply layer. These low-frequency pin header connectors are used to transmit power and control signals. Among them, multiple radio frequency connectors are provided between the antenna array layer and the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer. These radio frequency connectors are used to transmit radio frequency signals, thereby achieving vertical interconnection. This replaces the cables, connectors, screws, structural components, etc., which occupy a large amount of space and weight in traditional antennas, reducing the product size and weight.

[0019] 5) The Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system includes a multimode modem module 25, which is used to adapt to different high and low orbit constellations for communication.

[0020] 6) A second aspect of the present invention provides a Ka-band phased array antenna terminal comprising the Ka-band phased array antenna described in any of the foregoing embodiments, and further comprising: a satellite communication terminal placement box, a portable power supply, and a suction cup. This not only allows for convenient carrying by individual soldiers, enabling stationary satellite communication interconnection as an independent satellite communication terminal, but also allows for vehicle-mounted mobile communication interconnection via the suction cup, making it a lightweight and compact satellite communication terminal suitable for multiple scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 3 ;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 4 ;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 5 ;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 6 ;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 7 ;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 8 ;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 9 ;

[0031] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 10 . Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0034] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0035] Glossary

[0036] The Ka band is a microwave band within the electromagnetic spectrum, with a frequency range of 26.5–40 GHz. Ka stands for K-above, meaning this band is directly above the K band. The Ka band is also known as the 30 / 20 GHz band and is commonly used for satellite communications.

[0037] Phased array antenna: An antenna whose radiation pattern shape is changed by controlling the feed phase of the radiating elements in the array antenna. Controlling the phase can change the direction of the maximum value of the antenna radiation pattern, thereby achieving beam scanning.

[0038] Currently, mountainous areas account for 69.1% of China's total area, and many places are inaccessible by vehicles. This is especially true during geological disasters, when roads are damaged, preventing communication vehicles from reaching the scene directly, necessitating personnel carrying communication equipment on foot to provide rescue. Currently, vehicle-mounted communication terminals and portable communication terminals are two separate systems, which are costly, space-consuming, and cannot be interchanged.

[0039] Especially in the medical field, when conducting medical rescue operations in areas with poor communication infrastructure, local ground communications are often interrupted or have weak signals. In areas inaccessible by vehicles, portable terminals are needed for positioning and communication. However, each member of a medical team needs to carry a large amount of medical equipment. Existing vehicle-mounted communication terminals mostly use mechanical antenna rotation to scan a specific airspace; these mechanical scanning antennas typically rotate on two or three axes, resulting in a large footprint. Furthermore, because vehicle-mounted and portable communication terminals cannot be switched, the combined space required for medical team members to carry both vehicle-mounted and portable communication devices on foot to disaster areas is inconvenient and takes up considerable space.

[0040] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a Ka-band phased array antenna. By spacing a predetermined distance between the Ka-band antenna transmitting and receiving arrays, the antenna array layers can be folded or unfolded. The Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system integrates a mainboard, transmitting array control board, receiving array control board, and a satellite information acquisition module. This allows for real-time calculation of position, attitude, inertial navigation, and ephemeris information to obtain the beam pointing angle, generating beam control commands to control the transmitting and receiving array control boards. This enables rapid satellite search, real-time acquisition of satellite information, and satellite communication, improving communication efficiency. Furthermore, it reduces the antenna's size and weight, increasing user efficiency and portability.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 1The Ka-band phased array antenna 100 includes: an antenna array layer 10 that is electrically connected to each other and can be folded or unfolded, a Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer 20, a heat dissipation system layer 30, and a power supply layer 40.

[0043] The antenna array layer 10 includes a Ka antenna transmitting array 11 and a Ka antenna receiving array 12 spaced at a predetermined distance from the Ka antenna transmitting array 11. This distance allows the antenna array layer 10 to be folded or unfolded.

[0044] Specifically, the Ka antenna transmitting array 11 and the Ka antenna receiving array 12 are spaced at a preset distance, which is at least 80 mm to 100 mm, so that the antenna array layer 10 can be folded or unfolded for easy carrying. The Ka antenna transmitting array 11 and the Ka antenna receiving array 12 can be folded and connected by hinges, screws, etc., and are not limited to this.

[0045] By spacing the Ka antenna transmitting array 11 and the Ka antenna receiving array 12 by a predetermined distance, the size of the antenna array layer can be reduced by half, increasing the user's usability and making it easier to carry.

[0046] The Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20 includes a beam control motherboard 21, a transmit array control board 22, a receive array control board 23, and a satellite information acquisition module 24, which are electrically connected to each other. The transmit array control board 22 and the receive array control board 23 are coupled to the Ka antenna transmit array 11 and the Ka antenna receive array 12, respectively. The satellite information acquisition module 24 is used to acquire position information, attitude information, beacon information, and ephemeris information. The beam control motherboard 21 is used to process the position information, attitude information, beacon information, and ephemeris information to calculate the beam pointing angle and generate beam control commands, which are sent to the transmit array control board 22 and the receive array control board 23, respectively. This allows the transmit array control board 22 to adjust the amplitude and phase of the Ka antenna transmit array 11 according to the control commands, and the receive array control board 23 to adjust the amplitude and phase of the Ka antenna receive array 12 according to the control commands.

[0047] Specifically, the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20 is an important component of the Ka-band phased array antenna. In the prior art, the attitude and geographical location of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna platform continuously change during movement, causing the antenna beam to shift and roll, which can easily lead to signal weakening or loss. To ensure the stability of the vehicle-mounted phased array, the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20 of this application includes a beam control motherboard 21, a transmitting array control board 22, a receiving array control board 23, and a satellite information acquisition module 24, which are electrically connected to each other. The satellite information acquisition module 24 can acquire at least position information, attitude information, beacon information, and ephemeris information in real time, as well as antenna internal and external temperature information and power information, etc. The beam control motherboard 21 processes the position information, attitude information, beacon information, and ephemeris information to calculate the beam pointing angle and generate beam control commands, which are sent to the transmitting array control board 22 and the receiving array control board 23, respectively. This allows the transmitting array control board 22 to adjust the amplitude and phase of the Ka antenna transmitting array 22 according to the control commands, and the receiving array control board 23 to adjust the amplitude and phase of the Ka antenna receiving array 23 according to the control commands.

[0048] By integrating a satellite information acquisition module, a beam control motherboard, a transmitting array control board, and a receiving array control board into the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20, the system can calculate the beam pointing angle in real time from position information, attitude information, inertial navigation information, and ephemeris information. It can then send beam commands to the transmitting array control board and the receiving array control board, and read back and verify the information returned by the control board. In other words, the use of phased array electronic scanning technology can achieve rapid satellite search. This allows the system to replace traditional power amplifiers (BUC), low-noise amplifiers (LNB), down-converter amplifiers (BDC), and parabolic or horn planar antennas. This reduces the size and weight of the antenna, improves user efficiency, and makes it more portable.

[0049] The heat dissipation system layer 30 includes two heat dissipation cavities 31 that can respectively accommodate the antenna array layer 10 and the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer 20, as well as a heat dissipation component 32.

[0050] Specifically, the antenna array layer 10 and the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20 generate heat radiation during operation. This heat can be dissipated and cooled by a heat dissipation system layer 30. This heat dissipation system layer includes two heat dissipation cavities 31. Each heat dissipation cavity 31 can be equipped with heat dissipation components such as heat conduction plates and fans. The specific configuration can be determined according to the actual situation. These components are distributed around the antenna array layer 10 and the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20, thereby achieving cooling of the antenna array layer 10 and the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20 and ensuring the reliability and stability of satellite communication.

[0051] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation assembly 32 may include a fan, a heat sink, and a vapor chamber, all of which are disposed around the heat dissipation cavity 31 by means of screws or welding.

[0052] In one embodiment, a heat sink can be provided at the position in contact with the wave control motherboard 21 so that heat can be conducted to the heat sink and carried away by strong wave convection.

[0053] In one embodiment, the heat sink can be connected to the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer by welding, and the vapor chamber and heat sink can be connected to the heat dissipation cavity by screws. Specific configurations can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0054] The power layer 40 includes multiple power sub-circuits 41, which are used to provide power to the antenna array layer 10, the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer 20 and the heat dissipation system layer 30, respectively.

[0055] Specifically, the power supply layer 40 includes multiple power supply sub-circuits 41, which respectively supply power to the antenna array layer 10, the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer 20, and the heat dissipation system layer 30. This enables the conversion of external power supply voltage to the operating voltage of the Ka-band phased array antenna and the elimination of electromagnetic interference. By supplying power to each module separately, overheat, overvoltage, and overcurrent protection functions for each individual module can be achieved.

[0056] The Ka-band phased array antenna provided in this embodiment is a foldable portable satellite communication antenna for multiple scenarios. It includes: an antenna array layer that is electrically connected to each other and can be folded or unfolded, a Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer, a heat dissipation system layer, and a power supply layer. Because the antenna can be folded or unfolded, it can be used in vehicles or carried by individual soldiers, thereby reducing the size by half, increasing the user's usability, and making it easier to carry. Furthermore, by integrating a beam control motherboard, a transmit array control board, a receive array control board, and a satellite information acquisition module into the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer, the system processes position information, attitude information, beacon information, and ephemeris information to calculate the beam pointing angle and generate beam control commands. These commands are then sent to the transmit and receive array control boards, allowing the transmit and receive array control boards to adjust the amplitude and phase of the Ka-band antenna transmit array and the receive array control board, respectively. This enables rapid satellite acquisition using phased array electronic scanning technology, replacing traditional power amplifiers (BUC), low-noise amplifiers (LNB), down-converter amplifiers (BDC), and parabolic or horn-shaped planar antennas. Consequently, the antenna size and weight are reduced, improving user efficiency and portability. The heat dissipation system layer includes two heat dissipation cavities and heat dissipation components that respectively house the antenna array layer and the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer. This enables heat dissipation of the Ka-band phased array antenna during operation, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of satellite communication. The power supply layer includes multiple power supply sub-circuits that can provide power to the antenna array layer, the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer, and the heat dissipation system layer. This allows for the conversion of external power supply voltage to the operating voltage of the Ka-band phased array antenna and the elimination of electromagnetic interference. By providing individual power to each module, overheat, overvoltage, and overcurrent protection functions can be implemented for each individual module.

[0057] Furthermore, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 2 The aforementioned satellite information acquisition module 24 includes a navigation system positioning module 241, an inertial navigation module 242, and a beacon receiver module 243. The navigation system positioning module 241 is used to acquire position information, the inertial navigation module 242 is used to acquire attitude information, and the beacon receiver module 243 is used to acquire beacon information and ephemeris information including satellite orbit.

[0058] Specifically, the navigation system positioning module 241 can obtain satellite position information based on any one of the global satellite navigation systems such as GPS, GNSS, and BeiDou. The inertial navigation module 242 can collect the attitude information of the carrier corresponding to the Ka-band phased array antenna. The beacon receiver module 243 is used to collect beacon information and ephemeris information including satellite orbit. The beacon information can be a beacon signal emitted by a geostationary satellite, which is down-converted to an intermediate frequency signal. Then, a DC voltage proportional to the beacon signal strength is detected, providing the signal strength voltage corresponding to the satellite beacon signal relative to the antenna at different angular positions. This DC voltage is then sent to the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer to complete the antenna's automatic tracking of the satellite. The navigation system positioning module 241 and the inertial navigation module 242 can be combined, for example, using a GNSS / INS integrated navigation board. Alternatively, they can be set up separately, depending on the actual situation.

[0059] By integrating the navigation system positioning module 241, the inertial navigation module 242, and the beacon receiver module 243 into the satellite information acquisition module 24, it is possible to collect satellite data in real time and complete the automatic tracking of the satellite by the antenna. This enables not only "stationary communication" of portable satellite communication terminals, but also "mobile communication" of vehicle-mounted satellite communication terminals.

[0060] Furthermore, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 3 The aforementioned wave control motherboard 21 includes a first microprocessor 210 and a second microprocessor 220 electrically connected to each other. The first microprocessor 210 is electrically connected to the navigation system positioning module 241, the inertial navigation module 242, and the beacon receiver module 243, respectively, and is used to receive baseband processor instructions and, based on position information, attitude information, beacon information, and ephemeris information, obtain beam pointing angle and correction value instructions for the transmitting antenna array 11 or the receiving antenna array 12 and send them to the second microprocessor 220. The second microprocessor 220 is electrically connected to the transmitting array control board 22 and the receiving array control board 23, respectively, and is used to calculate the amplitude and phase values ​​of each subarray unit corresponding to the beam pointing angle of the transmitting antenna array 11 or the receiving antenna array 12 according to the beam pointing angle and correction value instructions, and convert them into corresponding control instructions and distribute them to the transmitting array control board 22 or the receiving array control board 23.

[0061] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, the first microprocessor 210 can be a DSP digital signal processor, and the second microprocessor 220 can be an FPGA field-programmable gate array processor. The DSP has powerful data processing capabilities and high operating speed, and can integrate communication interfaces, power supply circuits, clock circuits, signal conditioning circuits, program memory, level conversion circuits, and other circuits. The FPGA has abundant configurable logic modules and I / O modules, and can integrate control interfaces, power supply circuits, clock circuits, configuration circuits, storage circuits, level conversion circuits, and T / R control interfaces, etc.

[0062] In one embodiment, communication with the navigation system positioning module 241, inertial navigation module 242, and beacon receiver module 243 can be achieved through the DSP's on-chip peripheral interface UART, respectively. This allows for the acquisition of GNSS / INS position information, attitude information, beacon information, and ephemeris information, obtaining the beam pointing angle and correction value commands for the transmitting antenna array 11 or receiving antenna array 12. Control and communication with the FPGA can be achieved through the on-chip SPI interface and EMIF interface, respectively. Control and communication with the channel module can also be achieved through the on-chip SPI interface. This channel module mainly performs the following functions during transmission: up-converting the intermediate frequency signal emitted by the baseband to the Ka-band radio frequency signal of the Ka transmitting antenna array; and during reception, converting the Ka-band radio frequency signal of the Ka receiving antenna array into the intermediate frequency signal required by the baseband.

[0063] In one embodiment, the FPGA can be used to control and communicate with the transmitting array control board 22 and the receiving array control board 23 respectively. It is used to calculate the amplitude and phase values ​​of each subarray unit corresponding to the transmitting antenna array 11 or the receiving antenna array 12 based on the beam pointing angle and correction value instructions, and convert them into corresponding control instructions and distribute them to the transmitting array control board 22 or the receiving array control board 23.

[0064] The aforementioned beam control motherboard consists of a first microprocessor and a second microprocessor. The first microprocessor receives instructions from the baseband processor and, based on position, attitude, beacon, and ephemeris information, obtains the beam pointing angle and correction values ​​for the transmitting or receiving antenna array, which are then sent to the second microprocessor. This enables functions such as antenna array transmit / receive control and beam pointing control. The second microprocessor is electrically connected to both the transmitting and receiving array control boards. It calculates the amplitude and phase values ​​of each subarray element corresponding to the beam pointing angle of the transmitting or receiving antenna array based on the beam pointing angle and correction values, and converts this into corresponding control commands, which are then distributed to the transmitting or receiving array control boards. This allows for continuous tracking and alignment with the satellite, enabling automatic satellite alignment and, consequently, real-time, high-capacity, and uninterrupted transmission of multimedia information such as voice, data, and dynamic images via satellite anytime, anywhere.

[0065] Furthermore, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 4 The aforementioned launch array control board 22 includes a third microprocessor 221, a first frequency conversion module 222, a power distribution module 223, and a multi-channel launch microprocessor 224 that are electrically connected to each other.

[0066] The third microprocessor 221 is electrically connected to the second microprocessor 220 and is used to receive beam pointing angle and correction value instructions and send the first radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam pointing angle and correction value instructions to the first frequency conversion module 222.

[0067] The first frequency conversion module 222 is used to convert the first radio frequency signal into a second radio frequency signal and send the second radio frequency signal to the power distribution module 223.

[0068] The power distribution module 223 is used to distribute the power of the second radio frequency signal after frequency conversion to the multi-channel transmission microprocessor 224.

[0069] The multi-channel transmitting microprocessor 224 is electrically connected to the transmitting antenna array 22 and is used to transmit the second radio frequency signal with equal power distribution to the transmitting antenna array 22 after signal processing and radiation into space.

[0070] In one embodiment, the third microprocessor may also be an FPGA, which can be connected to the second microprocessor 220 through a communication and control interface circuit to receive beam pointing angle and correction value instructions and send the first radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam pointing angle and correction value instructions to the first frequency conversion module 222.

[0071] In one embodiment, the first frequency conversion module 222 is used to convert the frequency of the first radio frequency signal and send it to the power distribution module 223. The first frequency conversion module can convert the first radio frequency signal with a frequency range of 950MHz-2150MHz into a frequency range of 27.5GHz-31GHz.

[0072] In one embodiment, the power distribution module 223 can be a 1-to-16 power distribution network for the transmitter subarray, which can be integrated on the transmitter array control board 22. It can be a strip-shaped multilayer board used to distribute the power of the converted second RF signal to the multi-channel transmitter microprocessor 224. Optionally, the power divider can be a wide-bandwidth power divider applicable to various frequency bands. To reduce antenna thickness, the impedance and wavelength linewidth of the power divider can be appropriately adjusted, avoiding the technical problem of excessively narrow wavelength linewidth.

[0073] In one embodiment, the multi-channel transmitting microprocessor 224 is electrically connected to the transmitting antenna array 22. The multi-channel transmitting microprocessor 224 may be a silicon-based multi-channel Tx chip, which is used to process the second radio frequency signal with equal power distribution. The specific signal processing process may be to perform phase shifting, attenuation, and power amplification on each channel before outputting it to the transmitting antenna array 22, which then radiates it into space.

[0074] This embodiment's transmitter array control board includes a third microprocessor, a first frequency conversion module, a power distribution module, and a multi-channel transmitter microprocessor, all electrically connected to each other. First, by receiving beam pointing angle and correction value commands, the first radio frequency (RF) signal corresponding to the beam pointing angle and correction value commands is sent to the first frequency conversion module. Then, the first frequency conversion module performs frequency conversion on the first RF signal to obtain a second RF signal, which is then sent to the power distribution module. Next, the power distribution module distributes the frequency-converted second RF signal with equal power to the multi-channel transmitter microprocessor. Finally, the multi-channel transmitter microprocessor processes the equally power-distributed second RF signal and sends it to the transmitter antenna array for radiation into space. This enables functions such as RF signal power distribution, attenuation and phase shifting, power amplification, and dual-polarization reconfigurable transmission.

[0075] Optional, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 5 The receiving array control board 23 includes a fourth microprocessor 231, a second frequency conversion module 232, a power combining module 233, and a multi-channel receiving microprocessor 234 that are electrically connected to each other.

[0076] The multi-channel receiving microprocessor 234 is electrically connected to the receiving antenna array 23 and is used to receive the third radio frequency signal received by the receiving antenna array 23. After processing the third radio frequency signal, it is sent to the power combining module 233.

[0077] The power combining module 233 will receive the third radio frequency signal and perform power combining to obtain the radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam;

[0078] The second frequency conversion module 232 is used to convert the frequency of the radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam to obtain the fourth radio frequency signal, and send the fourth radio frequency signal to the fourth microprocessor 231.

[0079] The fourth microprocessor 231 is electrically connected to the second microprocessor 220 and is used to send the fourth radio frequency signal to the second microprocessor 220.

[0080] In one embodiment, the multi-channel transmitting microprocessor 234 is electrically connected to the receiving antenna array 23. The multi-channel transmitting microprocessor 234 may be a silicon-based multi-channel Rx chip, used to receive the third radio frequency signal received by the receiving antenna array 23. After the third radio frequency signal is processed, the specific signal processing process may be to perform phase shifting, attenuation, and power amplification on each channel before sending it to the power combining module 233.

[0081] In one embodiment, the power combining module 223 can be two 48-in-1 receiver subarray power combining networks, which can be integrated on the receiver array control board 23. It can be a strip-shaped multilayer board used to combine the third RF signal to obtain the RF signal corresponding to the beam. Optionally, the power divider can be a wide-bandwidth power divider applicable to various frequency bands. To ensure reduced antenna thickness, the impedance and wavelength linewidth of the power divider can be appropriately adjusted, avoiding the technical problem of excessively narrow wavelength linewidth.

[0082] In one embodiment, the second frequency conversion module 232 is used to convert the frequency of the radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal, and send the fourth radio frequency signal to the fourth microprocessor 231. The second frequency conversion module can convert the radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam with a frequency range of 27.5GHz-31GHz into a fourth radio frequency signal with a frequency range of 950MHz-2150MHz.

[0083] In one embodiment, the fourth microprocessor may also be an FPGA, which can be connected to the second microprocessor 220 via a communication and control interface circuit to send the fourth radio frequency signal to the second microprocessor 220.

[0084] This embodiment's transmitter array control board includes a fourth microprocessor, a second frequency conversion module, a power distribution module, and a multi-channel transmitter microprocessor, all electrically connected to each other. First, it receives a third radio frequency (RF) signal from the receiving antenna array, processes the signal, and sends it to the power combining module. Next, the power combining module combines the received third RF signal to obtain the RF signal corresponding to the beam. Then, the second frequency conversion module performs frequency conversion on the RF signal corresponding to the beam to obtain a fourth RF signal, which is then sent to the fourth microprocessor. Finally, the fourth microprocessor is electrically connected to the second microprocessor to send the fourth RF signal to the second microprocessor. This enables functions such as beam-wise / right-wise polarized duplex reception of RF signals, low-noise amplification, phase shifting and attenuation, and power combining within the subarray.

[0085] Furthermore, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 6 The aforementioned Ka antenna transmitting array 11 includes multiple Ka transmitting array elements 110 that generate circularly polarized radiation, and each of the Ka transmitting array elements is a doubly fed microstrip antenna.

[0086] Specifically, the Ka-type transmit array unit 110 can be designed as an 8*8 subarray, with a total of 16 subarrays assembled into a full array unit of 1024 elements. In order to achieve better circular polarization and ensure the symmetry of scanning, smaller subarrays are formed by rotating the unit by 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°.

[0087] Optionally, due to the simple structure, low profile, and ease of circular polarization of microstrip antennas, a dual-fed microstrip antenna can be selected as the array element. Alternatively, the antenna can be designed as a dual-polarized antenna, achieving left / right circular polarization switching by feeding signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of ±90° into the two feed ports. The antenna form is a single-layer microstrip patch antenna, and the feeding method uses dual-probe feeding implemented with metallized vias. To achieve good circular polarization characteristics, both ports need to have identical radiation characteristics; therefore, the antenna feeding structure must be symmetrical.

[0088] Furthermore, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 7 The Ka antenna receiving array 12 mentioned above includes multiple Ka receiving array elements 120 that generate circularly polarized radiation. Each Ka receiving array element is a dual-fed microstrip antenna and includes a 90-degree bridge as a feed grid.

[0089] Specifically, the Ka receiver array unit 120 can be scalable using an 8x8 subarray design, with a total of 48 subarrays forming 3072 elements. To achieve better circular polarization and ensure scanning symmetry, smaller subarrays are formed by rotating the elements at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°, and these smaller subarrays form the basis for the 8x8 subarray and the entire array. Optionally, a dual-fed microstrip antenna can be selected as the array element. Alternatively, a 90° bridge can be added as a feed grid to the transmitting antenna element to achieve left / right circular polarization duplex. The antenna can be a single-layer microstrip patch antenna, with dual-probe feeding implemented using metallized vias. The bridge feed grid is implemented using striplines, and the overall structure is implemented using a 4-layer PCB process.

[0090] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 8 The Ka antenna transmitting array 11 and the Ka antenna receiving array 12 can be connected by hinges, screws, etc., and their unfolded state is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, it can also be folded up to reduce its size and increase usable space.

[0091] Furthermore, Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 9 Multiple low-frequency pin headers 50 are provided between the antenna array layer 10, the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20, and the power supply layer 40. These low-frequency pin headers 50 are used to transmit power signals and control signals. Multiple radio frequency connectors 60 are provided between the antenna array layer 10 and the Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20. These radio frequency connectors are used to transmit radio frequency signals.

[0092] Specifically, the antenna array layer 10 uses a low-frequency pin header connector 50 to connect to the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer 20 and power supply layer 40, thereby achieving vertical interconnection and replacing the cables, connectors, screws, structural components, etc. that occupy a large amount of space and weight in traditional antennas, thus reducing the product size and weight.

[0093] Optionally, the antenna array layer 10 can use an SMP-J RF connector as the RF output. The SMP-J RF connector is surface-mounted on the bottom of the printed circuit board and connected to the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer 20 through an SMP-kk RF connector for transmitting RF signals.

[0094] Furthermore, Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band phased array antenna is provided. Figure 10The Ka-band phased array antenna beam control system layer 20 includes a multimode modem module 25, which is used to adapt to different high and low orbit constellations for communication.

[0095] Specifically, the multimode modem module 25 can demodulate and adapt radio frequency signals of the same frequency according to different demodulation methods, thereby selecting different high- and low-orbit constellations. That is, different constellations can correspond to different modulation and demodulation modes. For example, the constellation can be AsiaSat 9 or AsiaSat 6, and the modulation and demodulation mode can be trellis-coded modulation and demodulation technology or non-constant envelope modulation and demodulation technology, etc., which can be set according to the actual situation.

[0096] Example 2

[0097] Example 2 provides a Ka-band phased array antenna terminal, including the Ka-band phased array antenna as described in any of the preceding embodiments, and further including: a satellite communication terminal placement box, a portable power supply, and a suction cup.

[0098] Specifically, the Ka-band phased array antenna terminal includes the Ka-band phased array antenna 100 as described in any of the preceding embodiments, and further includes: a satellite communication terminal storage box, which is portable for individual use and can be pushed and pulled. The portable power supply can be a lithium battery or a rechargeable battery for easy outdoor use. The suction cup can be used in conjunction with the suction cup mount located at the bottom of the Ka-band phased array antenna terminal.

[0099] This embodiment provides a Ka-band phased array antenna terminal for use in vehicle communication scenarios. The terminal can be installed by placing a powerful suction cup on the vehicle roof. The suction cup size needs to be selected according to the product's shape and weight; for example, a suction cup with a diameter of 11cm and an internal cavity diameter of approximately 9cm is suitable. Assuming the internal pressure is reduced to 1 / 4 of the external pressure, a force of 96 kg is required to pull open the suction cup. The terminal product can have a suction cup docking slot on its bottom, allowing for easy installation and removal of the suction cup. In vehicle mode, the suction cup is attached and directly adheres to the vehicle roof.

[0100] This embodiment provides a Ka-band phased array antenna terminal for personal portable use. After removing the suction cup, it becomes a portable terminal. This terminal is small in size and, when folded, has the advantages of occupying little space and being lightweight. It can be carried by a single person to any area accessible to humans.

[0101] The Ka-band phased array antenna terminal provided in this embodiment includes the Ka-band phased array antenna described in any of the foregoing embodiments, and further includes: a satellite communication terminal placement box, a portable power supply, and a suction cup. It not only allows for convenient carrying by individual soldiers and enables stationary satellite communication interconnection as an independent satellite communication terminal, but also allows for vehicle-mounted mobile communication interconnection via the suction cup, making it a lightweight and compact satellite communication terminal suitable for multiple scenarios.

[0102] In the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Ka-band phased array antenna, characterized by, The application relates to a Ka-band phased array antenna, which comprises the following layers: an antenna array layer, a Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer, a heat dissipation system layer and a power supply layer; the antenna array layer comprises a Ka-band antenna transmitting array and a Ka-band antenna receiving array which are spaced apart by a preset distance and can be folded or unfolded; the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer comprises a wave control mainboard, a transmitting array control board, a receiving array control board and a satellite information acquisition module; the transmitting array control board and the receiving array control board are coupled with the Ka-band antenna transmitting array and the Ka-band antenna receiving array respectively; the satellite information acquisition module is used for acquiring position information, attitude information, beacon information and ephemeris information; the wave control mainboard is used for processing the position information, the attitude information and the beacon information to calculate a beam pointing angle, generating a control instruction of the beam, and sending the control instruction to the transmitting array control board and the receiving array control board respectively, so that the transmitting array control board is used for adjusting the amplitude and the phase of the Ka-band antenna transmitting array according to the control instruction, and the receiving array control board is used for adjusting the amplitude and the phase of the Ka-band antenna receiving array according to the control instruction; the heat dissipation system layer comprises two heat dissipation cavities and a heat dissipation assembly which can accommodate the antenna array layer and the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer respectively; the power supply layer comprises a plurality of power supply sub-circuits which are used for providing power supply for the antenna array layer, the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer and the heat dissipation system layer respectively. The satellite information acquisition module comprises at least a navigation system positioning module, an inertial navigation module and a beacon receiver module; the navigation system positioning module is used for acquiring position information; the inertial navigation module is used for acquiring attitude information; and the beacon receiver module is used for acquiring beacon information and ephemeris information containing satellite orbits. The wave control mainboard comprises a first microprocessor and a second microprocessor which are electrically connected with each other; the first microprocessor is electrically connected with the navigation system positioning module, the inertial navigation module and the beacon receiver module respectively, is used for receiving a baseband processor instruction, and is used for obtaining a beam pointing angle and a correction value instruction of the Ka-band antenna transmitting array or the Ka-band antenna receiving array according to the position information, the attitude information, the beacon information and the ephemeris information and sending the beam pointing angle and the correction value instruction to the second microprocessor; the second microprocessor is electrically connected with the transmitting array control board and the receiving array control board respectively, is used for calculating amplitude and phase values of each subarray unit of the Ka-band antenna transmitting array or the Ka-band antenna receiving array corresponding to the beam pointing angle according to the beam pointing angle and the correction value instruction, and is used for converting the amplitude and the phase values into corresponding control instructions and distributing the control instructions to the transmitting array control board or the receiving array control board. ​ ​ ​ 2. The Ka-band phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The Ka-band phased array antenna of claim 2, wherein, ​ 4. The Ka-band phased array antenna of claim 3, wherein, The transmitting array control panel comprises a third microprocessor, a first frequency conversion module, a power distribution module and a multi-channel transmitting microprocessor which are electrically connected with each other. The third microprocessor is electrically connected with the second microprocessor, and is configured to receive a beam pointing angle and a correction value instruction, and send a first radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam pointing angle and the correction value instruction to the first frequency conversion module. The first frequency conversion module is configured to convert the first radio frequency signal to obtain a second radio frequency signal, and send the second radio frequency signal to the power distribution module. The power distribution module is configured to distribute the second radio frequency signal to the multi-channel transmitting microprocessor with equal power. The multi-channel transmitting microprocessor is electrically connected with the Ka antenna transmitting array, and is configured to send the second radio frequency signal distributed with equal power to the Ka antenna transmitting array after signal processing, and radiate the second radio frequency signal to space.

5. The Ka-band phased array antenna of claim 3, wherein, The receiving array control panel comprises a fourth microprocessor, a second frequency conversion module, a power synthesis module and a multi-channel receiving microprocessor which are electrically connected with each other. The multi-channel receiving microprocessor is electrically connected with the Ka antenna receiving array, and is configured to receive a second radio frequency signal received by the Ka antenna receiving array, and send the second radio frequency signal to the power synthesis module after signal processing. The power synthesis module is configured to synthesize the received second radio frequency signal, and convert the second radio frequency signal to a radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam. The second frequency conversion module is configured to convert the radio frequency signal corresponding to the beam to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal, and send the fourth radio frequency signal to the fourth microprocessor. The fourth microprocessor is electrically connected with the second microprocessor, and is configured to send the fourth radio frequency signal to the second microprocessor.

6. The Ka-band phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The Ka antenna transmitting array comprises a plurality of Ka transmitting array units generating circularly polarized radiation, and each Ka transmitting array unit is a double-fed microstrip antenna.

7. The Ka-band phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The Ka antenna receiving array comprises a plurality of Ka receiving array units generating circularly polarized radiation, and each Ka receiving array unit is a double-fed microstrip antenna and comprises a 90-degree electric bridge as a feed network.

8. The Ka-band phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of low-frequency pin connectors are arranged between the antenna array layer, the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer and the power supply layer, and the low-frequency pin connectors are used for transmitting power supply signals and control signals; wherein a plurality of radio frequency connectors are further arranged between the antenna array layer and the Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer, and the radio frequency connectors are used for transmitting radio frequency signals.

9. The Ka-band phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The Ka-band phased array antenna wave control system layer further comprises a multi-mode modem module electrically connected with the wave control mainboard, and the multi-mode modem module is used for adapting to select different high-low orbit constellations for communication.

10. A Ka-band phased array antenna terminal, characterized by The Ka-band phased array antenna terminal comprises the Ka-band phased array antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, and further comprises a satellite communication terminal placement box, a portable power supply and a suction cup.

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