Battery module support beam

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery support beam and a battery module including the battery support beam. The battery support beam includes a first end, a second end opposite to the first end, and a battery support portion located between the first end and the second end. The battery support portion includes a plurality of cylindrical sleeves arranged in a predetermined pattern, each cylindrical sleeve having a cylindrical side wall having an open top and an open bottom. Each of the cylindrical side walls is configured to be arranged around a cylindrical middle portion of a cylindrical battery cell in a plurality of cylindrical battery cells. The battery module includes a plurality of cylindrical battery cells, the plurality of cylindrical battery cells including a group of a plurality of battery cells arranged in a predetermined pattern. The battery module also includes a battery support portion for each group of the plurality of battery cells.

Description

Summary of the invention

[0001] Advantageously, the battery cells are tightly packaged in high-voltage large-size battery modules to provide high energy density battery modules. Because additional components and hardware increase the size and thickness of the battery module, in some embodiments, it is desirable to use an adhesive to fix the components surrounding the battery cell (e.g., sidewall) to the battery cell itself. However, in order to prevent corrosion, the battery cell may be coated with an anti-corrosion plating (e.g., nickel), which is difficult for the adhesive to bond. Therefore, in some embodiments, it will be advantageous to provide a battery module that does not rely solely on the use of an adhesive to fix the components directly to the battery cell without significantly increasing the size of the battery module. In addition, as the number of battery cells in a single battery module increases, the structural support required to support the battery cell also increases. For example, larger battery modules may be more susceptible to vibrations at lower resonant frequencies. Therefore, in some embodiments, it will also be advantageous to provide a battery module with increased structural support without significantly increasing the size of the battery module. In addition, as the ampere-hour capacity of a single battery cell increases, the cell housing will be more likely to fail (e.g., the side of the cell housing cracks) during a thermal runaway event (e.g., due to an internal battery cell defect). Therefore, in some embodiments, it would be beneficial to structurally support individual battery cells in a battery module to strengthen the cell housing and improve performance during a thermal runaway event.

[0002] To address one or more of these issues, a battery support beam and a battery module including the support beam are provided. The battery support beam includes a first end, a second end opposite the first end, and a battery support portion located between the first end and the second end. The battery support portion includes a plurality of cylindrical sleeves arranged in a predetermined pattern, each cylindrical sleeve having a cylindrical sidewall having an open top and an open bottom, each of the cylindrical sidewalls being configured to be arranged around a cylindrical middle portion of a cylindrical battery cell of a plurality of cylindrical battery cells.

[0003] The battery module includes a plurality of cylindrical battery cells arranged in a predetermined pattern, the plurality of cylindrical battery cells including a first group of cylindrical battery cells and a second group of cylindrical battery cells, and a first battery support beam and a second battery support beam. Each of the first battery support beam and the second battery support beam includes a first end, a second end, and a battery support portion located between the first end and the second end, and the battery support portion includes a plurality of cylindrical sleeves, each cylindrical sleeve having a cylindrical side wall, the cylindrical side wall having an open top and an open bottom. Each of the plurality of cylindrical side walls of the battery support portion of the first battery support beam is arranged around a cylindrical middle portion of a cylindrical battery cell in a first subset of the first group of cylindrical battery cells, and each of the plurality of cylindrical side walls of the battery support portion of the second battery support beam is arranged around a cylindrical middle portion of a cylindrical battery cell in a second subset of the second group of cylindrical battery cells.

[0004] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of cylindrical sidewalls may have an axial length that is less than or equal to 80% of the axial length of each of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells, and each of the plurality of cylindrical sidewalls may be substantially centered along the axial length of the cylindrical battery cell between the top and bottom of one of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the predetermined pattern may be a close-packed hexagonal configuration.

[0006] In some embodiments, each of the first battery support beam and the second battery support beam may include a plastic material.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the plastic material may be polycarbonate.

[0008] In some embodiments, each battery cell of the plurality of battery cells may include an exposed area of ​​the electro-active casing covering a first end and a side of the battery cell, the side of the battery cell including a cylindrical middle portion.

[0009] In some embodiments, the plurality of cylindrical sleeves of the battery supporting portion of the first battery support beam and the plurality of cylindrical sleeves of the battery supporting portion of the second battery support beam may include adjacent pairs of the plurality of cylindrical sleeves, and the cylindrical sidewall between each of the adjacent pairs of the plurality of cylindrical sleeves may include a conductive pin extending through the cylindrical sidewall to electrically connect the electrically active housings of the cylindrical battery cells arranged in the adjacent pairs of the cylindrical sleeves.

[0010] In some embodiments, each cylindrical battery cell in the first group of cylindrical battery cells may be connected in parallel with each other, and each cylindrical battery cell in the second group of cylindrical battery cells may be connected in parallel with each other.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery module may also include a first side wall attached to a first end of each of the first battery support beam and the second battery support beam, and a second side wall attached to a second end of each of the first battery support beam and the second battery support beam.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery module may further include a barrier layer disposed between the first group of cylindrical battery cells and the second group of cylindrical battery cells. The barrier layer may electrically isolate the sidewalls of the first group of cylindrical battery cells from the sidewalls of the second group of cylindrical battery cells.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery module may further include a carrier layer including a plurality of grooves. The first end of each cylindrical battery cell in the plurality of cylindrical battery cells may be disposed in a corresponding groove in the plurality of grooves.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery module may further include a cooling surface attached to the second end of each of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent by considering the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to like parts throughout, and wherein:

[0016] Figure 1 shows a plurality of battery cells and a carrier layer of a battery module assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2C A perspective view, a top view, and a side view, respectively, of a battery support beam according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2C Multiple battery support beams before Figure 1 Battery module assembly;

[0019] Figure 4 FIG. 1 shows a battery support beam after inserting multiple battery support beams according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 Battery module assembly;

[0020] Figure 5 shows the structure of the device before attaching the two side walls according to some embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 4 Battery module assembly;

[0021] Figure 6 shows the structure of the vehicle after adding two side walls according to some embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 5 A partial perspective view of a battery module assembly;

[0022] Figure 7 shows the structure of the vehicle after adding two additional sidewalls according to some embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 5 battery module assembly; and

[0023] Figure 8 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cooling plate after installing a cooling plate according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 7 battery module components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Figures 1 to 8 A battery support beam, a component of a battery module, and a battery module including a battery support beam according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 8 A series of steps in the process of producing a battery module.

[0025] Figure 1 A plurality of battery cells 103 and a carrier layer 101 of a battery module assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. As shown, each of the plurality of battery cells 103 may be cylindrical and may have a first end 105 and a second end 107. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first end 105 may include a first electrical terminal (e.g., a center button terminal). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of battery cells 103 may have an exposed area of ​​an electrically active housing or a conductive jacket that covers at least a portion of the second end 107, at least a portion of the first end 105, and the side of each battery cell 103, thereby forming a second electrical terminal (e.g., an edge terminal). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the exposed area may be formed of nickel-plated steel and / or have a corrosion-resistant nickel plating. As shown, the first end 105 of each of the plurality of battery cells 103 may be inserted and coupled to a corresponding groove on the first side of the carrier layer 101 (e.g., using an adhesive). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a current collector assembly including at least one busbar may be coupled to the second side of the carrier layer and selectively connected to the plurality of battery cells 103. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of battery cells 103 may be arranged in a close hexagonal packing configuration. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the minimum distance between adjacent battery cells in the plurality of battery cells 103 is less than about 1.5 mm.

[0026] Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2C A perspective view, a top view, and a side view of a battery support beam 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown, respectively. As shown, the battery support beam 200 may include a first end 201, a second end 203 opposite to the first end 201, and a battery support portion 204 located between the first end 201 and the second end 203. The battery support portion 204 may include a plurality of cylindrical sleeves 205, each having a cylindrical sidewall 211, the cylindrical sidewall having an open top 207 and an open bottom 209. As shown, the arrangement of the plurality of cylindrical sleeves 205 corresponds to the arrangement of the plurality of battery cells 103, and the thickness of each of the cylindrical sidewalls 211 corresponds to or is less than the distance (e.g., the minimum distance) between adjacent battery cells of the plurality of battery cells 103 (e.g., so that the battery support beam 200 can be inserted between a group of battery cells in the plurality of battery cells 103).

[0027] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery support beam 200 may be a plastic material. For example, the battery support beam 200 may be a polycarbonate (e.g., FR3040 polycarbonate). However, this is only an example, and the battery support beam 200 may also be a metal material or a fiber material. In some embodiments, it may be advantageous that the battery support beam 200 is a thermally insulating and conductive material. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the battery support beam 200 is a non-conductive material (e.g., plastic or fiber), the battery support beam 200 may also include a conductive pin 213 extending through the cylindrical sidewall 211 between adjacent pairs of multiple cylindrical sleeves 205. As described in further detail below, the conductive pin 213 may electrically connect the electrically active housing of the cylindrical battery cell 103 arranged in the adjacent pairs of the cylindrical sleeve 205.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the height of each of the cylindrical sidewalls 211 may be less than the height of each of the plurality of battery cells 103, so that each of the cylindrical sidewalls 211 only covers the cylindrical middle portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of battery cells 103. For example, as described below with reference to Figure 6In further detail, the cylindrical middle portion of each of the plurality of battery cells 103 may be 80% or less of the entire length of each of the plurality of battery cells 103, and the cylindrical sidewall 211 may be substantially centered in the cylindrical middle portion such that at least 10% or more of the top and bottom of each of the plurality of battery cells 103 is not covered by the cylindrical sidewall 211. It should be understood that these percentages are merely exemplary, and other relative dimensions of the battery cells 103 and the cylindrical sidewall 211 may be used. For example, the cylindrical middle portion of each of the plurality of battery cells 103 may be 50% or less, 60% or less, 70% or less, or 90% or less of the entire length of each of the plurality of battery cells 103.

[0029] Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2C Multiple battery support beams 200 before Figure 1 As shown, each of the plurality of battery support beams 200 (e.g., 200a, 200b, 200c, 200d, 200e, and 200f) may be inserted between corresponding groups of the plurality of battery cells 103. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as described below with reference to Figure 4 In further detail, adjacent groups of the plurality of battery cells 103 may be separated from each other by one of the plurality of barrier layers 301 (eg, 301 a , 301 b , 301 c , 301 d , and 301 e ). Figure 3 The structure of the battery cell 103 is shown after inserting a plurality of barrier layers 301 (eg, separators between adjacent groups of a plurality of battery cells 103). Figure 1 battery module components.

[0030] Figure 4 200 after inserting a plurality of battery support beams according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3battery module assembly. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, barrier layers 301 (e.g., 301a, 301b, 301c, 301d, and 301e) may be inserted between groups of multiple battery cells 103 (e.g., parallel groups 401a, 401b, 401c, 401d, 401e, and 401f of multiple battery cells 103) at different operating voltages to provide electrical insulation in the event of positional displacement of any of the multiple battery cells 103 (e.g., due to vibration or impact to the battery module assembly). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, barrier layer 301 may include a fire-resistant material to prevent fire from spreading between groups of multiple battery cells 103. Although five barrier layers 301 are shown, any number of barrier layers 301 may be used. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, barrier layer 301 may be optional, depending on the specific requirements of a particular battery module. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, it may be advantageous to support battery cells 103 from more than one group (e.g., 401a-401f) with a single battery support beam 200. In this case, the single support beam 200 may be formed of a non-conductive material, and the conductive pins 213 may be omitted to provide electrical insulation between the battery cells 103 supported by the single support beam 200. However, this is merely an example, and the conductive pins 213 may also be selectively omitted to provide electrical insulation only between battery cells 103 (e.g., from different groups 401a-401f) at different operating voltages, while still electrically connecting battery cells 103 (e.g., from the same group 410a-401f) at the same operating voltage. That is, the conductive pins 213 may be omitted in the cylindrical sidewall 211 that separates the battery cells 103 (e.g., from different groups 401a-401f) at different operating voltages.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of battery support beams 200 (e.g., 200a, 200b, 200c, 200d, 200e, and 200f) may be inserted between corresponding groups 401 (e.g., 401a, 401b, 401c, 401d, 401e, and 401f) of the plurality of battery cells 103. Although six battery support beams 200 are shown, any number of battery support beams 200 may be used. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the battery support beams 200 may be fixed to the corresponding group 401 of the plurality of battery cells 103 by an adhesive. For example, before the battery support beam 200 is inserted between the corresponding groups 401 of the plurality of battery cells 103, an adhesive may be applied to the cylindrical side wall 211 of the cylindrical sleeve 205. However, this is merely an example, and each of the battery support beams 200 may also be fixed to the corresponding group 401 of the plurality of battery cells 103 by an interference fit.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery cells of each group 401 in the plurality of battery cells 103 may be electrically connected to each other (e.g., via at least one current collector assembly including at least one bus bar). Figure 6 In further detail, the electrically active housings of certain adjacent battery cells 103 in each group 401 may be electrically connected to each other via corresponding battery support beams 200 or via conductive pins 213 in corresponding battery support beams 200 .

[0033] Figure 5 shows the structure of the device before attaching two side walls 501 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the first side wall of the side wall 501 may be attached to the first side of the battery module assembly, and the second side wall of the side wall 501 may be attached to the second side of the battery module assembly. For example, an adhesive may be applied to the first end 201 of each of the plurality of battery support beams 200. Alternatively or in addition, the adhesive may also be applied to the battery cell 103 along the first side of the battery module assembly and the inner side of the first side wall of the side wall 501. As shown, the first side wall of the side wall 501 may then be pressed into the first end 201 of each of the plurality of battery support beams 200 and the battery cell along the first side of the battery module assembly. The second side wall of the side wall 501 may be attached to the second side of the battery support module in a similar manner. As shown, the inner side of each of the two side walls 501 may be formed to be substantially flush with both the end (201 or 203) of each of the plurality of battery support beams 200 and the battery cell along the side of the battery module assembly.

[0034] In some embodiments, each of the first end 201 and the second end 203 may include at least one through hole, so that when a corresponding one of the side walls 501 is pressed into the side of the battery module assembly, some of the adhesive may be forced into the at least one through hole, so that when the adhesive cures, the cured adhesive may also act as a rivet, thereby further fixing the side wall 501 to the battery module assembly.

[0035] Figure 6 shows the structure after adding two side walls 501 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5A partial perspective view of a battery module assembly. For descriptive purposes, several of the battery cells 103 are shown as being removed. As shown, each of the cylindrical side walls 211 covers only the cylindrical middle portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of battery cells 103. For example, the end portion 601 (e.g., corresponding to the second end 107) of each of the plurality of battery cells 103 may not be covered by the cylindrical side wall 211. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the length of the end portion 601 may be 10% of the entire length of the battery cell 103. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the other end portion (e.g., corresponding to the first end 105) of each of the plurality of battery cells 103 opposite to the end portion 601 may have the same length as the end portion 601, and the cylindrical side wall 211 is substantially centered in the cylindrical middle portion of each of the plurality of battery cells 103.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the length of the cylindrical sidewall 211 (e.g., from the open top 207 to the open bottom 209) can be adjusted based on the requirements of the battery module assembly. For example, in high-load applications, it may be advantageous to provide the cylindrical sidewall 211 with a shorter length (e.g., covering less than 80% of the length of the battery cell 103) to allow the battery cell 103 to stretch slightly. In other applications, it may be advantageous to provide the cylindrical sidewall 211 with a longer length (e.g., covering more than 80% of the length of the battery cell 103) to strengthen the sidewall of each of the plurality of battery cells 103. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, it may be advantageous not to center the cylindrical sidewall 211 in the cylindrical middle portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of battery cells 103, depending on the requirements of the battery module assembly. For example, it may be advantageous to leave a larger portion of one of the end portions of each of the plurality of battery cells 103 uncovered by the cylindrical sidewall 211 (e.g., the end portion 601).

[0037] As shown, once each of the cylindrical sleeves 205 is arranged around the cylindrical middle portion of the corresponding battery cell 103, the conductive pins 213 can electrically connect the electrically active housings of the cylindrical battery cells 103 arranged in adjacent pairs of cylindrical sleeves 205 by contacting each of the electrically active housings. Figure 2B, it may be desirable to modify the arrangement or number of the conductive pins 213 in each cylindrical sleeve 205, depending on the requirements of the battery module assembly. For example, it may be desirable to electrically connect the electrically active housing of one of the battery cells 103 to each adjacent battery cell 103, or to modify the battery cells 103 electrically connected by the conductive pins 213. In some embodiments of the present patent application, the conductive pins 213 may be omitted. The conductive pins 213 may be any suitable conductive connector for electrically connecting adjacent housings of cylindrical battery cells 103 (e.g., a continuous sheet of metal, metal mesh, metal wire, conductive material, etc. molded between the top and bottom portions (207, 209) of the cylindrical sleeve 205).

[0038] Figure 7 shows the structure after adding two additional side walls 701 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 5 As shown, the addition of the sidewall 701 results in multiple battery cells being included on at least five sides (i.e., through the carrier layer 101 on one side, through the sidewall 501 on both sides, and through the sidewall 701 on both sides). As shown, the second ends 107 of the multiple battery cells 103 may remain exposed. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sidewall 701 is attached to the battery module assembly by an adhesive.

[0039] Figure 8 FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a cooling plate 801 after installation according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 7 In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cooling plate 801 may be coupled to the exposed ends 107 of the plurality of battery cells 103 via an adhesive (eg, a thermal interface material).

[0040] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat transfer plate can be used to selectively heat or cool the battery module assembly. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the above relative to Figure 1 The components described may form a first battery submodule, which may be combined with a second battery submodule similar to the first battery submodule. For example, the first battery submodule and the second battery submodule may be formed on opposite sides of the cooling plate 801.

[0041] The foregoing is merely illustrative of the principles of the present disclosure, and various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The above embodiments are presented for purposes of illustration and not limitation. The present disclosure may also take many forms other than those explicitly described herein. Therefore, it should be emphasized that the present disclosure is not limited to the methods, systems, and devices explicitly disclosed, but is intended to include variations and modifications thereof, which are within the spirit of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery support beam, comprising: a first end portion; a second end portion, the second end portion being opposite to the first end portion; and a battery supporting portion, the battery supporting portion being located between the first end portion and the second end portion, wherein the battery support portion comprises a plurality of cylindrical sleeves arranged in a predetermined pattern, each cylindrical sleeve having a cylindrical sidewall, the cylindrical sidewall having an open top and an open bottom, each of the cylindrical sidewalls being configured to be arranged around a cylindrical middle portion of a cylindrical battery cell of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells; The first end is configured to be attached to a first side wall, and the second end is configured to be attached to a second side wall, such that the first side wall and the second side wall partially enclose the battery support beam and the plurality of cylindrical battery cells; and The cylindrical sidewall between each of a plurality of adjacent cylindrical sleeve pairs includes an electrically conductive connector extending through the cylindrical sidewall and configured to electrically connect electrically active housings of cylindrical battery cells disposed in adjacent cylindrical sleeve pairs and connected in parallel. 2 . The battery support beam of claim 1 , wherein each cylindrical sleeve of the plurality of cylindrical sleeves shares a side wall with at least one other cylindrical sleeve of the plurality of cylindrical sleeves. 3 . The battery support beam of claim 1 , wherein each of the cylindrical sidewalls has an axial length that is less than or equal to 80% of an axial length of each of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells.

4. The battery support beam of claim 1, wherein each of the cylindrical sidewalls is configured to be substantially centered between a top and a bottom of a cylindrical battery cell in the plurality of cylindrical battery cells along an axial length of the cylindrical battery cell.

5. The battery support beam of claim 1, wherein the predetermined pattern is a close-packed hexagonal configuration. The battery support beam of claim 1 , wherein the battery support beam comprises a plastic material.

7. The battery support beam of claim 6, wherein the plastic material is polycarbonate.

8. The battery support beam of claim 1, wherein each conductive connector comprises a conductive pin.

9. A battery module, comprising: a plurality of cylindrical battery cells arranged in a predetermined pattern, the plurality of cylindrical battery cells comprising a first group of cylindrical battery cells and a second group of cylindrical battery cells; as well as a first battery support beam and a second battery support beam, each of the first battery support beam and the second battery support beam comprising a first end, a second end, and a battery support portion located between the first end and the second end, the battery support portion comprising a plurality of cylindrical sleeves, each cylindrical sleeve having a cylindrical sidewall, the cylindrical sidewall having an open top and an open bottom, in: Each of the cylindrical side walls of the battery support portion of the first battery support beam is arranged around a cylindrical middle portion of a cylindrical battery cell in a first subset of the first group of cylindrical battery cells; each of the cylindrical side walls of the battery support portion of the second battery support beam being arranged around a cylindrical middle portion of one of the cylindrical battery cells of the second subset of the second group of cylindrical battery cells; The first end is configured to be attached to a first side wall, and the second end is configured to be attached to a second side wall, such that the first side wall and the second side wall partially enclose the battery support beam and the plurality of cylindrical battery cells; and The cylindrical sidewall between each of a plurality of adjacent cylindrical sleeve pairs includes an electrically conductive connector extending through the cylindrical sidewall and configured to electrically connect electrically active housings of cylindrical battery cells disposed in adjacent cylindrical sleeve pairs and connected in parallel.

10. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein each of the cylindrical side walls has an axial length less than or equal to 80% of an axial length of each of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells, and Wherein each of the cylindrical sidewalls is substantially centered between a top and a bottom of a cylindrical battery cell in the plurality of cylindrical battery cells along the axial length of the cylindrical battery cell. The battery module of claim 9 , wherein the predetermined pattern is a close-packed hexagonal configuration. 12 . The battery module of claim 9 , wherein each of the first battery support beam and the second battery support beam comprises a plastic material.

13. The battery module according to claim 12, wherein the plastic material is polycarbonate.

14. The battery module of claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of battery cells includes an exposed area of ​​an electrically active casing covering a first end and a side of the battery cell, the side of the battery cell including the cylindrical middle portion.

15. The battery module of claim 14, wherein each conductive connector comprises a conductive pin.

16. The battery module according to claim 15, wherein each cylindrical battery cell in the first group of cylindrical battery cells is connected in parallel with each other, and Each cylindrical battery cell in the second group of cylindrical battery cells is connected in parallel with each other.

17. The battery module of claim 9, further comprising a barrier layer disposed between the first group of cylindrical battery cells and the second group of cylindrical battery cells, wherein the barrier layer electrically isolates sidewalls of the first group of cylindrical battery cells from sidewalls of the second group of cylindrical battery cells.

18. The battery module according to claim 9, further comprising a bearing layer, wherein the bearing layer comprises a plurality of grooves. The first end of each cylindrical battery cell in the plurality of cylindrical battery cells is disposed in a corresponding groove in the plurality of grooves. 19 . The battery module of claim 18 , further comprising a cooling surface attached to the second end of each of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells.

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