Thin seam short span mining machine breaking mechanism and mounting structure thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of thin coal seam short span coal cutter breaking mechanism and its installation structure, the breaking mechanism includes sequentially transmission connection's breaking torque shaft, front stage gear transmission mechanism, rear stage gear transmission mechanism and breaking drum shaft, multiple cutterheads are fixed with in parallel around on breaking drum shaft, the power of breaking torque shaft comes from cutting motor;The installation structure includes machine body and breaking mechanism, breaking mechanism is installed in the shell in the rear of machine body, wherein front, rear stage gear transmission mechanism is respectively arranged in front and rear and extends left and right, front stage gear transmission mechanism, rear stage gear transmission mechanism and breaking drum shaft are arranged to form S shape, the cutting edge of cutterhead is rotated to the lowest point, below the bottom surface of the shell at the corresponding position of the rear of coal cutter machine body.This application solves the problem of breaking large coal rock of thin coal seam coal cutter, prevents large coal rock from being stuck into the space between machine body and conveying groove and causes coal cutter traction to be stuck.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a crushing mechanism for a coal mining machine and its installation structure on the coal mining machine, which can be applied to thin coal seam mining machines. Background Technology

[0002] Thin coal seam mining machines with suspended bodies typically load coal from the inside out using rotating drums. However, the effective loading blade area of ​​these drums is relatively small, resulting in poor loading efficiency. Furthermore, this outward-throwing method easily leads to large pieces of coal and rock entering the conveyor. Within the limited height space between the bottom of the machine casing and the conveyor, these large pieces of coal and rock can easily get stuck and unable to pass. Currently, due to space constraints, thin coal seam mining machines do not have crushing mechanisms. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a crushing mechanism and its installation structure for a thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine, which can be applied to thin coal seam coal mining machines to solve the problem of crushing large pieces of coal and rock in thin coal seam coal mining machines and prevent large pieces of coal and rock from getting stuck in the space between the machine body and the conveying trough, causing the coal mining machine to get stuck.

[0004] The main technical solutions of this invention are as follows:

[0005] A crushing mechanism for a short-span coal seam mining machine includes a crushing torque shaft, a front-stage gear transmission mechanism, a rear-stage gear transmission mechanism, and a crushing drum shaft connected in sequence. Multiple cutter discs are arranged side-by-side and circumferentially fixed on the crushing drum shaft. The input end of the front-stage gear transmission mechanism is a slender hollow gear shaft. The front and rear ends of the hollow gear shaft are respectively provided with an external gear and an internal spline. The hollow gear shaft is coaxially sleeved on the crushing torque shaft, with its front end exposed in front of the hollow gear shaft. The front end of the crushing torque shaft is its power input end. The crushing torque... The rear end of the shaft is splinedly connected to the rear end of the hollow gear shaft, and other parts of the crushing torque shaft do not contact the hollow gear shaft; the input end of the subsequent gear transmission mechanism adopts a slender solid gear shaft, and the front and rear ends of the solid gear shaft are respectively provided with external splines and external gears. The front end of the solid gear shaft is inserted into the core spline hole of the output gear of the preceding gear transmission mechanism and is splinedly connected to it. The rear end of the crushing drum shaft is provided with an external spline, and the rear end of the crushing drum shaft is inserted into the core spline hole of the output gear of the subsequent gear transmission mechanism and is splinedly connected to it.

[0006] The cutter head includes cutter teeth, a cutter head sleeve, and a key. The cutter head sleeve is fitted onto the crushing drum shaft and fixed angularly by the key. Multiple cutter teeth are fixedly installed on the cutter head sleeve, and each cutter tooth is a combination cutter with multiple blade tips.

[0007] In the first-stage gear transmission mechanism, there are one or more externally meshing idler gears between the input and output gears, and in the second-stage gear transmission mechanism, there are multiple sequentially externally meshing idler gears between the input and output gears.

[0008] An installation structure for a crushing mechanism of a thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine includes a coal mining machine body and the crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism is installed in the housing at the rear of the coal mining machine. The front gear transmission mechanism extends left and right at the front, and the rear gear transmission mechanism extends left and right at the rear. The front gear transmission mechanism, the rear gear transmission mechanism, and the crushing drum shaft are arranged in an S-shape. When the cutter tip of the cutter head rotates to its lowest point, it is lower than the bottom surface of the housing at the corresponding position at the rear of the coal mining machine.

[0009] The installation structure of the crushing mechanism of the thin coal seam short span coal mining machine also includes a swing arm housing. The swing arm housing is equipped with a cutting transmission mechanism. The input end of the cutting transmission mechanism is a high-speed gear. The swing arm housing is hinged to the housing at the front of the coal mining machine body with a cutting motor as the hinge pin. The cutting motor is fixed relative to the coal mining machine body. The high-speed gear is rotatably supported in the swing arm housing. The output shaft of the cutting motor is coaxially connected to the high-speed gear from the front. The front end of the crushing torque shaft is coaxially connected to the high-speed gear from the rear.

[0010] The coal mining machine body has a split structure, including a front main body shell and a rear main body shell. The front main body shell and the rear main body shell are connected and fixed one after the other, and are positioned by multiple positioning pins. The crushing mechanism of the thin coal seam short span coal mining machine is installed in the rear main body shell, and the swing arm shell is hinged to the front main body shell.

[0011] A support plate is also installed on the front side of the rear main body shell. The support plate contains a front bearing, and the rear main body shell contains a rear bearing. The front and rear ends of the crushing drum shaft are supported on the front and rear bearings, respectively.

[0012] The crushing drum shaft in the left-right direction is preferably located behind the drum end of the swing arm housing.

[0013] A groove extending left and right is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the rear main body housing in the front-rear direction. Except for the hollow gear shaft, the front-stage gear transmission mechanism is installed in front of the groove in the rear main body housing. Except for the solid gear shaft, the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism is installed behind the groove in the rear main body housing.

[0014] The thin coal seam short span coal mining machine crushing mechanism is installed on the left and / or right sides of the rear main body shell. When the thin coal seam short span coal mining machine crushing mechanism is installed on both the left and right sides, the two sets of thin coal seam short span coal mining machine crushing mechanisms are arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] The crushing mechanism of this invention can crush excessively large coal gangue, rock blocks, etc., and prevent them from getting stuck in the conveying channel between the machine body and the conveying trough. It solves problems such as the conveyor scraper breaking the chain due to hard pulling, as well as the problem of the coal mining machine getting stuck due to traction.

[0017] The crushing mechanism obtains power from the cutting motor through the high-speed gear of the cutting transmission mechanism. Therefore, it does not require an additional independent power supply. Only the transmission mechanism is retained, resulting in a simple structure and greatly saving installation space. It can effectively overcome the problem of limited coal passage space below the body and above the conveying trough of the thin coal seam mining machine, allowing the crushing mechanism of the present invention to be installed on the thin coal seam mining machine.

[0018] The large span of the spline connection points at the front and rear of the crushing torque shaft provides excellent adaptability to the up-down and left-right movement of the swing arm.

[0019] Except for the hollow gear shaft, the front-stage gear transmission mechanism is located near the front of the conveying trough, while except for the solid gear shaft, the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism is located near the rear of the conveying trough. This makes full use of the thickened solid internal space located in front of and behind the conveying trough within the machine body, thereby reducing the impact on the conveyor's conveying channel.

[0020] The support plate is easy to install and remove. After removing the support plate, the broken cutting teeth or the corresponding cutter disc can be easily replaced.

[0021] This invention employs a crushing drum mechanism with multiple cutting teeth and multiple cutter discs. By reducing deceleration, the crushing drum shaft can achieve a high rotational speed, enabling high-speed, low-volume, and medium-force milling crushing. This crushing method, with less cutting volume and more cuts, breaks through the traditional crushing concept, greatly improving the crushing effect, reducing the probability of rocks not being crushed in time, and is more suitable for crushing large coal gangue blocks under high-speed traction. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of a coal mining machine equipped with the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged view of the power input section of the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a top-view sectional view of a twin-drum coal mining machine equipped with the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6This is a side view of the installation position of the crushing mechanism of the present invention on the machine body;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the rear main body shell (a crushing mechanism is installed on the right side).

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 1. Swing arm; 11. Swing arm housing; 121. High-speed stage gear;

[0031] 21. Front main body housing; 22. Rear main body housing; 221. Loading cavity; 2215. Rear gear transmission mechanism mounting cavity; 2218. Groove bottom surface; 2219. Crushing drum mounting cavity; 23. Positioning shaft;

[0032] 3. Cut the motor;

[0033] 5. Support the sliding boots;

[0034] 8. Conveyor; 81. Conveying trough; 82. Shovel plate;

[0035] 9. Crushing mechanism; 91. Crushing torque shaft; 911. External spline; 912. External spline; 913. Thin shaft diameter section; 92. Front gear transmission mechanism; 921. Hollow gear shaft; 9211. Internal spline; 93. Rear gear transmission mechanism; 931. Solid gear shaft; 94. Crushing drum shaft; 95. Cutter disc; 951. Cutter teeth; 9511. Cutter tip; 9512. Horizontal height line when the cutter tip rotates to the lowest point; 952. Cutter disc sleeve; 953. Key; 96. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0036] This invention discloses a crushing mechanism 9 (which may be simply referred to as the crushing mechanism) for a thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine, such as... Figure 1-7As shown, the system includes a crushing torque shaft 91, a front-stage gear transmission mechanism 92, a rear-stage gear transmission mechanism 93, and a crushing drum shaft 94, which are connected in sequence. Multiple cutter discs 95 are arranged side-by-side and circumferentially fixed on the crushing drum shaft to form a crushing drum for crushing large pieces of coal and rock. The input end of the front-stage gear transmission mechanism uses a slender hollow gear shaft 921. The front and rear ends of the hollow gear shaft are respectively provided with an external gear and an internal spline 9211. The hollow gear shaft is coaxially sleeved on the crushing torque shaft, with the front end of the crushing torque shaft exposed in front of the hollow gear shaft. The front end of the crushing torque shaft is its power input end, and it is provided with an external spline 911. The rear end of the crushing torque shaft is provided with an external spline 912, which is connected to the rear spline of the hollow gear shaft. The external spline 912 is transitioned to the rest of the crushing torque shaft by a thin shaft diameter section 913. The other parts of the crushing torque shaft do not contact the hollow gear shaft. The input end of the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism adopts a slender solid gear shaft 931. The front and rear ends of the solid gear shaft are respectively equipped with external splines and external gears. The front end of the solid gear shaft is inserted into the core spline hole of the output gear of the front-stage gear transmission mechanism and coaxially splined with it. The rear end of the crushing drum shaft is equipped with an external spline, and the rear end of the crushing drum shaft is inserted into the core spline hole of the output gear of the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism and coaxially splined with it. Crushing power is input from the front end of the crushing torque shaft, transmitted to the hollow gear shaft at the rear end of the crushing torque shaft, then transmitted to the front end of the solid gear shaft via the front-stage gear transmission mechanism, and finally transmitted to the rear end of the crushing drum shaft via the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism, ultimately driving the crushing drum shaft and its cutter head to rotate on a fixed axis, crushing large pieces of coal and rock. The output shaft of the cutting motor, the high-speed stage gear, the crushing torque shaft, and the hollow gear shaft are sequentially connected and rotate coaxially. Power is stably transmitted from the cutting motor to the crushing mechanism; therefore, the crushing mechanism does not require an additional independent power source, resulting in a simple structure and saving installation space.

[0037] The cutter head may include cutter teeth 951, a cutter head sleeve 952, and a key 953. The cutter head sleeve is fitted onto the crushing drum shaft and fixed angularly by the key. Multiple cutter teeth are fixedly mounted on the cutter head sleeve, which can be welded or detachably fixed using fasteners. Each cutter tooth is preferably a combination cutter with multiple blade tips 9511. The multiple cutter teeth are preferably evenly distributed circumferentially on the cutter head sleeve.

[0038] The input and output gears of the front-stage gear transmission mechanism can be connected by one or more externally meshing idler gears, while the input and output gears of the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism can be connected by multiple sequentially externally meshing idler gears.

[0039] This invention also discloses an installation structure for a crushing mechanism of a thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine, including the coal mining machine body and the crushing mechanism 9. The crushing mechanism is installed in the housing at the rear of the coal mining machine. The front gear transmission mechanism extends left and right at the front, with the portion except for the hollow gear shaft located in the front gear transmission mechanism installation cavity. The rear gear transmission mechanism extends left and right at the rear, with the portion except for the solid gear shaft located in the rear gear transmission mechanism installation cavity 2215. The crushing drum is installed in the crushing drum installation cavity 2219. The front gear transmission mechanism, the rear gear transmission mechanism, and the crushing drum shaft are arranged in an S-shape. The horizontal height line 9512 of the cutter tip when it rotates to the lowest point is lower than the bottom surface of the housing at the corresponding position at the rear of the coal mining machine, ensuring effective crushing.

[0040] The installation structure of the crushing mechanism of the thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine also includes a swing arm housing 11 for the swing arm 1. A cutting transmission mechanism is installed inside the swing arm housing. The input end of the cutting transmission mechanism is a high-speed gear 121. The swing arm housing is hinged to the front housing of the coal mining machine body using a cutting motor 3 as a hinge pin. The cutting motor is fixed relative to the coal mining machine body. A height adjustment cylinder is hinged below the cutting motor and between the swing arm housing and the front housing of the machine body. The extension and retraction of the height adjustment cylinder causes the swing arm housing to swing up and down relative to the machine body. The high-speed gear is rotatably supported inside the swing arm housing. The output shaft of the cutting motor is coaxially connected to the high-speed gear from the front, transmitting power to the cutting transmission mechanism. The front end of the crushing torque shaft is coaxially connected to the high-speed gear from the rear, specifically inserted into the core of the high-speed gear and coaxially splined with it. The crushing torque shaft diverts a portion of the power from the high-speed gear 121 and transmits it to the crushing mechanism; therefore, it is not necessary to provide a separate motor power for the crushing mechanism.

[0041] In the embodiment shown in the attached figure, the coal mining machine body is a split structure, including a front main body shell 21 and a rear main body shell 22. The front and rear main body shells are connected and fixed one after the other, and are positioned by multiple positioning pins 23. The front and rear main body shells form a T-shaped body that is narrower at the front and wider at the rear. The crushing mechanism 9 is installed inside the rear main body shell, and the swing arm shell is hinged to the front main body shell, with the swing arm shell located in front of the rear main body shell.

[0042] A support plate 96 is also installed on the front side of the rear main body shell. The support plate contains a front bearing, and the rear main body shell contains a rear bearing. The front and rear ends of the crushing drum shaft are supported on the front and rear bearings, respectively. After removing the support plate, the crushing teeth or the corresponding cutter disc can be easily replaced.

[0043] The crushing drum shaft of the crushing mechanism in the left-right direction is preferably located behind the drum end of the swing arm housing, usually near the left or right end of the rear main body housing. When the drum in front of the coal mining machine throws large pieces of coal and rock outwards to the conveyor, the crushing mechanism on the same side as the drum will first contact this part of the coal and rock and crush it, thereby preventing large pieces of coal and rock from getting stuck between the machine body and the conveyor trough and obstructing the movement of the coal mining machine, solving problems such as the conveyor scraper pulling hard and breaking the chain, as well as the problem of the coal mining machine getting stuck in traction.

[0044] The installation structure of the crushing mechanism of the thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine also includes a left-right extending conveyor 8. A left-right extending groove is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the rear main body shell in the front-back direction, and the conveying trough 81 of the conveyor is vertically aligned with the groove. Except for the hollow gear shaft, the front-stage gear transmission mechanism is installed in front of the thick wall of the groove within the rear main body shell, and except for the solid gear shaft, the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism is installed in rear of the thick wall of the groove within the rear main body shell. The front ends of the crushing drum shaft, solid gear shaft, hollow gear shaft, and crushing torque shaft are located in front of the groove, and the rear ends of the crushing drum shaft, solid gear shaft, hollow gear shaft, and crushing torque shaft are located behind the groove.

[0045] In the case where the groove is provided, the horizontal height line 9512 when the blade tip of the cutter head is rotated to the lowest point should be lower than the bottom surface 2218 of the groove.

[0046] A support slipper 5 is preferably located directly behind the rear end of the swing arm housing near the drum end, on the conveyor's shovel plate 82, and is fixedly connected to the rear main body housing. The support slipper reduces the flow of coal from the outside of the drum centerline to the inside, thereby guiding more coal flow from the outer loading channel outside the drum centerline into the conveyor, allowing the crushing mechanism to crush more coal.

[0047] A loading cavity 221 can also be provided on the rear main body shell. The loading cavity is a groove extending from front to back with the opening facing downwards. The loading cavity is not a through groove, and its rear end is closed. The front end of the loading cavity in the left-right direction is located inside the center line of the drum. The opening of the loading cavity is located above the conveying trough. The setting of the loading cavity is equivalent to adding an internal loading channel, which can guide the coal flow entering the inner side of the drum center line into the conveying trough of the conveyor, thereby further improving the coal loading effect.

[0048] A set of the thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine crushing mechanism is installed on the left or right side of the rear main body shell, usually near the tail side of the conveyor. When encountering special coal conveying processes, a set of the thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine crushing mechanism can be installed on the left and right sides of the rear main body shell, and the two sets of thin coal seam short-span coal mining machine crushing mechanisms are preferably arranged symmetrically from left to right.

[0049] Unless otherwise specified, "before" and "after" in this article refer to directions closer to the coal face and directions farther from the coal face, respectively.

Claims

1. A thin seam shortwall coal cutter breaking mechanism characterized by: The broken roll shaft is sleeved and fixed with a plurality of cutterheads in parallel on the broken roll shaft, the input end of the front-stage gear transmission mechanism adopts an elongated hollow gear shaft, the front part and the rear end of the hollow gear shaft are respectively provided with an external gear and an internal spline, the hollow gear shaft is coaxially sleeved on the broken torque shaft, the front end of the broken torque shaft is exposed in front of the hollow gear shaft, the front end of the broken torque shaft is the power input end thereof, the rear end of the broken torque shaft is splinedly connected with the rear end of the hollow gear shaft, and the other parts of the broken torque shaft are not in contact with the hollow gear shaft; the input end of the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism adopts an elongated solid gear shaft, the front end and the rear part of the solid gear shaft are respectively provided with an external spline and an external gear, the front end of the solid gear shaft is inserted into the core spline hole of the output end gear of the front-stage gear transmission mechanism and is splinedly connected therewith, the rear end of the broken roll shaft is provided with an external spline, and the rear end of the broken roll shaft is inserted into the core spline hole of the output end gear of the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism and is splinedly connected therewith; the broken mechanism of the short-span coal mining machine for thin coal seams is installed in the shell at the rear part of the machine body of the coal mining machine, wherein the front-stage gear transmission mechanism is arranged in front and extends left and right, the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism is arranged in rear and extends left and right, the front-stage gear transmission mechanism, the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism and the broken roll shaft are arranged in an S shape, and the cutter tip of the cutterhead is below the bottom surface of the shell at the corresponding position of the rear part of the machine body of the coal mining machine when the cutter tip rotates to the lowest point.

2. A thin-seam shortwall shearer breaking mechanism as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The cutterhead comprises cutter teeth, a cutterhead sleeve and a key, the cutterhead sleeve is sleeved on the broken roll shaft and is fixed in the angular direction through the key, a plurality of cutter teeth are fixedly installed on the cutterhead sleeve, and each cutter tooth adopts a combined cutter with a plurality of cutter tips.

3. A thin-seam shortwall shearer breaking mechanism as claimed in claim 2 wherein: One or more externally meshed idlers are arranged between the input end and the output end gear of the front-stage gear transmission mechanism, and a plurality of externally meshed idlers are arranged between the input end and the output end gear of the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism.

4. A thin seam shortwall shearer breaker installation structure, characterized by: The broken mechanism of the short-span coal mining machine for thin coal seams is installed in the shell at the rear part of the machine body of the coal mining machine, wherein the bottom surface of the middle part of the rear main body shell in the front-rear direction is arranged as a left-right extending groove, the front-stage gear transmission mechanism is arranged in front of the groove in the rear main body shell except the hollow gear shaft, and the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism is arranged in rear of the groove in the rear main body shell except the solid gear shaft.

5. The thin-seam shortwall shearer breaker mechanism mounting structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The broken mechanism of the short-span coal mining machine for thin coal seams is installed in the shell at the rear part of the machine body of the coal mining machine, wherein the bottom surface of the middle part of the rear main body shell in the front-rear direction is arranged as a left-right extending groove, the front-stage gear transmission mechanism is arranged in front of the groove in the rear main body shell except the hollow gear shaft, and the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism is arranged in rear of the groove in the rear main body shell except the solid gear shaft. The broken mechanism of the short-span coal mining machine for thin coal seams is installed in the shell at the rear part of the machine body of the coal mining machine, wherein the bottom surface of the middle part of the rear main body shell in the front-rear direction is arranged as a left-right extending groove, the front-stage gear transmission mechanism is arranged in front of the groove in the rear main body shell except the hollow gear shaft, and the rear-stage gear transmission mechanism is arranged in rear of the groove in the rear main body shell except the solid gear shaft.

6. The thin-seam shortwall shearer breaker mechanism mounting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support plate is also mounted on the front side of the rear main body housing, the support plate is provided with a front bearing, the rear main body housing is provided with a rear bearing, and the front and rear ends of the crushing roller shaft are supported on the front and rear bearings respectively.

7. Thin-seam shortwall mining machine crushing mechanism mounting structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crushing roller shaft is arranged behind the roller end of the swing arm housing in the left-right direction.

8. Thin-seam shortwall mining machine breaker installation structure according to claim 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: The thin seam short span coal mining machine crushing mechanism is mounted on the left part and / or the right part of the rear main body housing, and when the thin seam short span coal mining machine crushing mechanism is mounted on the left part and the right part simultaneously, the two sets of thin seam short span coal mining machine crushing mechanisms are arranged symmetrically left and right.

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