A pressure relief drilling rig and method for monitoring impact risk using multi-parameter measurement while drilling

Abstract

A multi-parameter pressure relief drilling rig and method for monitoring impact danger while drilling, relating to the field of mining engineering technology. The pressure relief drilling rig includes a coal dust collection device, a crawler walking device, an analyzer, a drilling device, a monitoring device, a fixed bracket, a support, a drill rod, a control console and a temperature sensor. Each component cooperates with each other to complete the monitoring of rock burst danger and the pressure relief and danger relief in dangerous areas; during the drilling process, the drilling rig monitors multiple parameters such as coal dust temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal dust particle ratio and drilling time, and transmits them to the analysis instrument through wireless transmission, and integrates and determines the rock burst danger; when the monitoring results show that there is an impact danger, large-diameter drilling pressure relief can be directly carried out near the location to achieve the purpose of real-time danger relief, and at the same time, the drilling parameters are monitored in real time during the drilling process. This method realizes the combination of monitoring and pressure relief, and has the advantages of convenient operation, accurate monitoring and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, in particular to a pressure relief drill and a method for multi-parameter while-drilling measurement to monitor impact danger. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increase in the depth of coal mining, rock burst disasters have occurred frequently, seriously affecting the safe production of coal mines. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor and warn of rock burst hazards. The existing rock burst hazard monitoring methods mainly include coal powder drill cuttings method, borehole stress gauge method, microseismic method and ground sound method. The coal powder drill cuttings method has become the most widely used rock burst monitoring method and is used as a method for identifying rock burst hazards in multiple rock burst mining safety regulations. The method is simple and easy to implement. It can reflect the stress of the coal body through the amount of coal powder, and can reflect the stress of the coal body at each stage through the drilling process.

[0003] In the existing technology, the coal powder drilling cuttings method also has certain disadvantages, mainly due to the large errors in manual operations such as cuttings collection and weighing; it cannot achieve real-time monitoring, etc. At the same time, the coal powder drilling cuttings method determines the danger of rock burst by weighing the amount of drilling cuttings and recording the dynamic phenomena during the drilling process of the drill rod. There are fewer monitoring indicators, and the monitoring results lack comparison and verification, resulting in low early warning reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the existing rock burst hazard monitoring equipment and methods. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the accuracy of rock burst hazard monitoring, realize real-time monitoring of drilling parameters during drilling, combine monitoring with pressure relief, and improve the reliability of early warning, the present invention provides a multi-parameter rock burst hazard measurement while drilling pressure relief drilling rig and method, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.

[0005] A multi-parameter pressure relief drilling rig for measuring impact hazards while drilling, comprising a coal dust collecting device, a crawler walking device, an analyzer, a drilling device, a monitoring device, a fixed bracket, a pillar, a drill rod, a control console and a temperature sensor, wherein the fixed bracket is arranged on the crawler walking device, and the pillar is fixed on the fixed bracket; the drilling device and the drill rod are connected through an adapter, the analyzer is connected to the monitoring device and the temperature sensor, and the control console is connected to the analyzer; the coal dust collecting device is installed on the fixed bracket through a clamping mechanism, and a weighing device is arranged at the bottom of the coal dust collecting device; two drilling devices are respectively arranged in parallel with the fixed bracket; the monitoring device is arranged at the position of the adapter and monitors the torque and rotation speed; the control console adjusts and controls the operation of the drilling device and the crawler walking device.

[0006] Preferably, a rubber pad is provided on the side of the coal powder collecting device in contact with the coal wall, a standard filter screen is provided in the coal powder collecting device, and a temperature sensor is provided on the inner wall of the coal powder collecting device.

[0007] It is also preferred that a support cap is provided at the upper end of the support, the two supports are telescopically contacted and fixed on the top plate up and down, and the crawler walking device cooperates with the support and is respectively fixed on the bottom plate and the top plate.

[0008] It is further preferred that the drill rod is a threaded drill rod, and the two drilling devices are respectively connected to the monitoring drill rod and the pressure relief drill rod, the monitoring drill rod is provided with a monitoring drill bit; the pressure relief drill rod is provided with a pressure relief drill bit.

[0009] A method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling, using the above-mentioned multi-parameter measurement while drilling to monitor impact risk of the pressure relief drilling rig, the steps include:

[0010] S1. Determine the standard value of rock burst hazard;

[0011] The crawler walking device drives the pressure relief drill to the selected location, and the pillars and roof are fixed; after the drilling begins, the coal powder is collected and monitored to determine the coal powder temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal powder particle ratio and drilling time; after the drilling depth is greater than or equal to 15m, the monitoring of the selected location is completed and the monitoring data is recorded; it is transferred to the next selected location and the monitoring is repeated for more than 20 times;

[0012] S2. Rock burst hazard monitoring;

[0013] After the pressure relief drill is moved to the monitoring position, the pillars and roof are fixed. After drilling begins, coal powder is collected and monitored to determine the coal powder temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal powder particle ratio and drilling time. The drill rod is connected in turn for monitoring. After the depth reaches 15m, the drill rod is removed and moved to the next monitoring position for rock burst hazard monitoring.

[0014] S3. Decompression and hazard relief at rock burst danger locations;

[0015] When the rock burst hazard monitoring warning is issued, drilling is stopped and the pressure relief drilling rig is started to carry out pressure relief drilling. The pressure relief drilling depth is greater than 20m.

[0016] It is further preferred that, in the monitoring of rock burst hazard, the situations in which rock burst hazard exists include: when the drilling depth is ≤1.5 times the thickness of the coal seam, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is >1.5 times the standard amount of coal powder; when the drilling depth is 1.5 to 3 times the thickness of the coal seam, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is >2 to 3 times the standard amount of coal powder; when the drilling depth is >3 times the thickness of the coal seam, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is ≥4 times the standard amount of coal powder.

[0017] It is further preferred that, in the rock burst hazard monitoring, if the actual monitored value of the parameter of the nth drill rod is greater than 1.5 times the standard value of the parameter of the nth drill rod, there is a rock burst hazard.

[0018] It is further preferred that when any of the index data of drilling torque, drilling rig speed, coal powder particle size ratio, coal powder temperature and drilling time exceeds the warning value, the index analysis result is 1, otherwise it is 0; the numerical values ​​of the index analysis results are accumulated, and if the accumulated result is ≥2, an audible and visual alarm is issued.

[0019] The invention provides a multi-parameter pressure relief drilling rig and method for monitoring impact risk while drilling, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The pressure relief drill can monitor multiple parameters such as coal powder temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal powder particle ratio and drilling time during the drilling process, and transmit them to the analytical instrument through wireless transmission to integrate various parameters. Compared with the ordinary coal powder drilling cuttings method, the monitoring accuracy of impact hazard is improved.

[0021] (2) This method can ensure real-time monitoring of various drilling parameters during the drilling process, and monitor the phenomenon of indicator parameters reaching critical values ​​during the drilling process, with higher accuracy; and the drilling speed, drilling time, etc. are used to replace the dynamic phenomena in the drilling process, and they are processed numerically, which makes the operation more convenient.

[0022] (3) When the drill rod is drilling, the cuttings collection device can ensure that the coal powder is fully collected to avoid inaccurate coal powder weight weighing due to coal powder loss; monitoring and pressure relief are carried out in parallel, and when the impact risk is high, real-time pressure relief can be carried out to ensure the safety and stability of the tunnel. In addition, it has the advantages of simple operation and strong adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure relief drilling rig;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a side view of the pressure relief drilling rig;

[0025] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cuttings collector;

[0026] Figure 4 is a lateral schematic diagram of a cuttings collection device;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring results of coal powder quantity;

[0028] Figure 6 It is the analysis flow chart of drilling rig analysis instrument.

[0029] In the figure: 1- support cap, 2- coal powder collecting device, 3- crawler walking device, 4- analyzer, 5- drilling device, 6- monitoring device, 7- fixed bracket, 8- support, 9- drill rod, 10- coal powder weighing device, 11- screen, 12- control console, 13- temperature sensor, 14- sound and light warning device, 15- supporting device, 16- rubber pad, 17- clamping mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a specific implementation manner of a pressure relief drilling rig and method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling provided by the present invention is described.

[0031] A multi-parameter pressure relief drilling rig for monitoring impact risk while drilling includes a coal dust collection device 2, a crawler walking device 3, an analyzer 4, a drilling device 5, a monitoring device 6, a fixed support 7, a support 8, a drill rod 9, a control console 12 and a temperature sensor 13. Each component cooperates with each other to achieve accurate monitoring of the cuttings temperature, drill rod torque, rotation speed, cuttings volume, and cuttings particle size ratio during the drilling process. The pressure relief drilling rig transmits the monitoring parameters to the analysis instrument through wireless transmission, integrates various parameters, and improves the monitoring accuracy of impact risk monitoring compared to the ordinary coal dust cuttings method.

[0032] Among them, the fixed bracket 7 is arranged on the crawler walking device, and the support 8 is fixed on the fixed bracket. The drilling device and the drill rod are connected through an adapter, the analyzer 4 is connected to the monitoring device 6 and the temperature sensor 13, and the control console 12 is connected to the analyzer 4. The coal powder collecting device 2 is installed on the fixed bracket through a clamping mechanism, and a weighing device is arranged at the bottom of the coal powder collecting device 2. The two drilling devices 5 are respectively arranged in parallel with the fixed brackets, and the monitoring device 6 is arranged at the position of the adapter and monitors the torque and speed. The control console 12 adjusts and controls the operation of the drilling device and the crawler walking device. In addition to collecting monitoring indicators such as drilling torque, drilling rig speed, coal powder weight, small diameter particle coal powder ratio and coal powder temperature, the analyzer 4 is also equipped with a drilling time monitoring function. After the drilling rig actually drills, the timing device in the analyzer is manually clicked to monitor the drilling time of each drill rod. It is also used as one of the indicators for analyzing the impact hazard. The analyzer collects various indicator parameters and comprehensively determines the impact hazard.

[0033] A rubber pad is provided on the side of the coal dust collecting device 2 in contact with the coal wall, a standard screen 11 is provided in the coal dust collecting device 2, and a temperature sensor is provided on the inner wall of the coal dust collecting device. The coal dust collecting device 2 is installed on a fixed bracket, and the side of the coal dust collecting device in contact with the coal wall is made of rubber material, which is used to fit tightly with the uneven coal wall or the roadway with poor side forming, so as to ensure the accuracy of coal dust collection. A 3mm standard screen is installed in the middle of the coal dust collecting device 2, and the screen 11 can rotate in the collecting device. A coal dust weighing device 10 is installed at the bottom to weigh coal dust with a diameter less than 3mm and all coal dust respectively. The weighing device is detachable to facilitate the pouring of coal dust. A temperature sensor is also installed on the side of the coal dust collecting device 2, which is transmitted to the analytical instrument by wire to ensure real-time monitoring of the coal dust temperature. The coal dust weighing device 10 is installed at the bottom of the coal dust collecting device to monitor the weight of the collected coal dust in real time and transmit it to the analytical instrument by wire.

[0034] The upper end of the support 8 is provided with a support cap, and the two supports 8 are fixed on the top plate by telescopic contact, and the crawler walking device cooperates with the support to be fixed on the bottom plate and the top plate respectively. During the drilling process, the drilling rig is supported by the left and right supports and the crawler walking device at the bottom. The support can be freely telescopic up and down to connect with the top of the tunnel. The support height adjustment and the movement of the drilling rig are controlled by the console.

[0035] The drill rod 9 is a threaded drill rod. The two drilling devices are connected to the monitoring drill rod and the pressure relief drill rod respectively. The monitoring drill rod is provided with a monitoring drill bit; the pressure relief drill rod is provided with a pressure relief drill bit. The impact hazard monitoring uses a 44mm drill bit connected to the monitoring drill rod. The monitoring drill rods are all threaded drill rods, which are convenient for the maximum discharge of coal powder. The single monitoring drill rod is 1m long. The control console controls the drilling rig to be connected to the drill rod through a matching connector. The drill rod torque monitoring device and the speed monitoring device are installed at the connection sleeve position. The collected data are transmitted to the analysis instrument by wire.

[0036] A method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling, using the above-mentioned multi-parameter measurement while drilling to monitor impact risk of the pressure relief drilling rig, the steps include:

[0037] S1. Determine the standard value of rock burst hazard;

[0038] The crawler walking device drives the pressure relief drill to the selected location, and the pillars and roof are fixed; after the drilling begins, the coal powder is collected and monitored to determine the coal powder temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal powder particle ratio and drilling time; after the drilling depth is greater than or equal to 15m, the monitoring of the selected location is completed and the monitoring data is recorded; it is transferred to the next selected location and the monitoring is repeated for more than 20 times;

[0039] S2. Rock burst hazard monitoring;

[0040] After the pressure relief drill moves to the monitoring position, the pillars and the top plate are fixed. After drilling begins, coal powder is collected and monitored to determine the coal powder temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal powder particle ratio and drilling time. The drill rod is connected in turn for monitoring. After the depth reaches 15m, the drill rod is removed and moved to the next monitoring position for impact ground pressure hazard monitoring.

[0041] The steps of rock burst hazard monitoring include:

[0042] a. Connect the drill pipe to the adapter, then connect the connector to the drilling rig, and install the torque and speed monitoring device on the connector.

[0043] b. Install the coal powder collection device at a suitable position on the fixed bracket, install the temperature sensor on the side of the coal powder collection device, and connect it to the analysis instrument via wires; install the coal powder weighing device under the coal powder collection device and fix the position of the standard screen.

[0044] c. Adjust the bracket to the appropriate height, and control the drill rod to "open" the coal wall first, so that the rubber end of the coal powder collection device fits tightly against the coal wall. Then control the drill rod to drill in, and at the same time start the timing operation on the analytical instrument to monitor the drilling time.

[0045] d. During the drilling process, the coal powder is collected by the coal powder collection device, and the temperature sensor monitors its temperature changes in real time. At the same time, the torque and speed monitoring device also reflects the torque and drilling speed changes to the analysis instrument.

[0046] e. After each drill rod is drilled, the drilling rig is reversed, the drill rod that has been drilled is removed, the weight of the coal powder with small particle diameter is measured by the coal powder weighing device, the standard screen is turned over, the weight of all the coal powder is measured, and the weight is transmitted to the analysis instrument through wired transmission.

[0047] f. If after drilling of a single drill rod is completed, the monitored value of coal powder exceeds the standard value, or the coal powder amount does not exceed the standard and the cumulative value of the analysis results of other monitoring parameters is ≥ 2, drilling will be stopped and the sound and light warning device will automatically alarm.

[0048] g. If the amount of coal powder does not exceed the standard after drilling with a single drill rod and the cumulative value of other parameter monitoring results is less than 2, install a new drill rod and repeat operations c to e.

[0049] Among them, the analysis instrument comprehensively analyzes the above monitoring indicators, first considering the coal powder quantity indicator. If the coal powder quantity indicator exceeds the standard value, drilling is stopped and an audible and visual alarm is issued, and then real-time pressure relief is performed at this position. When the coal powder quantity indicator is normal, the drilling torque, drilling rig speed, coal powder particle size ratio, coal powder temperature and drilling time indicator data are analyzed. If any of the parameters exceeds the warning value, the indicator analysis result is 1, otherwise it is 0. The above indicator result values ​​are accumulated. If the monitoring result is ≥2, drilling is stopped and an audible and visual alarm is issued, and pressure relief is also performed.

[0050] In the monitoring of rock burst danger, the situations where rock burst danger exists include: when the drilling depth is ≤1.5 times the thickness of the coal seam, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is greater than 1.5 times the standard amount of coal powder; when the drilling depth is 1.5 to 3 times the thickness of the coal seam, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is greater than 2 to 3 times the standard amount of coal powder; when the drilling depth is greater than 3 times the thickness of the coal seam, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is greater than 4 times the standard amount of coal powder. As an important indicator for monitoring the drill cuttings method, the amount of coal powder can be more accurately inverted into the coal body stress, so the amount of coal powder is used as the main monitoring indicator. Among the other monitoring indicators, the drilling speed and the drilling rig torque can indirectly reflect the dynamic phenomenon during the drilling process; when the stress concentration of the coal seam increases or the stress state is abnormal, the particle size of the coal powder in the drilling hole will change; during the drilling process, the temperature of the drill cuttings tends to increase with the increase of the coal body stress; if the coal body stress is large during the drilling process and the drill rod is difficult to drill, the drilling time will increase accordingly. Therefore, the drilling torque, drilling speed, the proportion of coal powder particles in drill cuttings, the temperature of drill cuttings and the drilling time can be used as the parameters for monitoring coal body stress. The above parameters are related to factors such as coal quality, and the standard values ​​of each parameter are different under different geological conditions. Therefore, the standard values ​​need to be re-determined when the geological and engineering conditions change.

[0051] In the monitoring of rock burst hazard, the standard value of each parameter is determined after each drill rod is drilled in order. If the actual monitored value of the parameter of the nth drill rod is greater than 1.5 times the standard value of the parameter of the nth drill rod, there is a rock burst hazard.

[0052] The drilling torque, drilling rig speed, coal powder particle size ratio, coal powder temperature and drilling time index data, when any of the parameters exceeds the warning value, the index analysis result is 1, otherwise it is 0; the numerical values ​​of the index analysis results are accumulated, and if the accumulated result is ≥2, an audible and visual alarm is issued.

[0053] S3. Decompression and hazard relief at rock burst danger locations;

[0054] When the rock burst hazard monitoring warning is issued, drilling is stopped and the pressure relief drilling rig is started to carry out pressure relief drilling. The pressure relief drilling depth is greater than 20m.

[0055] The specific construction of pressure relief and danger relief for impact hazards includes:

[0056] a. In addition to the 44mm diameter drill bit for monitoring impact hazards, the drilling rig is also equipped with a 150mm diameter drill bit for tunnel pressure relief. If the monitoring results show that there is an impact hazard, large-diameter drilling can be performed directly near the location to relieve pressure and achieve the goal of real-time hazard relief.

[0057] b. The length of a single pressure relief drill rod is 1m, the drilling distance of the pressure relief drilling device is 20m, and the drilling process is controlled by the console.

[0058] This method can ensure real-time monitoring of various drilling parameters during the drilling process, monitor the phenomenon of indicator parameters reaching critical values ​​during the drilling process, and has higher accuracy; and replace the dynamic phenomena in the drilling process with drilling speed, drilling time, etc., and process them numerically, which is more convenient to operate. When the drill rod is drilling, the cuttings collection device can ensure that the coal powder is fully collected to avoid inaccurate coal powder weight weighing due to coal powder loss; monitoring and pressure relief are carried out in parallel, and when the impact risk is high during monitoring, real-time pressure relief can be carried out to ensure the safety and stability of the tunnel. In addition, it has the advantages of simple operation and strong adaptability.

[0059] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling, using a pressure relief drilling rig for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling, characterized in that: The pressure relief drilling rig comprises a coal powder collecting device, a crawler walking device, an analyzer, a drilling device, a monitoring device, a fixed bracket, a pillar, a drill rod, a control console and a temperature sensor, wherein the fixed bracket is arranged on the crawler walking device, and the pillar is fixed on the fixed bracket; the drilling device and the drill rod are connected through an adapter, the analyzer is connected to the monitoring device and the temperature sensor, and the control console is connected to the analyzer; the coal powder collecting device is installed on the fixed bracket through a clamping mechanism, and a weighing device is arranged at the bottom of the coal powder collecting device; two drilling devices are respectively arranged in parallel with the fixed bracket; the monitoring device is arranged at the position of the adapter and monitors the torque and rotation speed; the control console adjusts and controls the operation of the drilling device and the crawler walking device; the drill rod is a threaded drill rod, and the two drilling devices are respectively connected to the monitoring drill rod and the pressure relief drill rod, and the monitoring drill rod is provided with a monitoring drill bit; the pressure relief drill rod is provided with a pressure relief drill bit; The steps of the method include: S1. Determine the standard value of rock burst hazard; The crawler walking device drives the pressure relief drill to the selected location, and the pillars and roof are fixed; after the drilling begins, the coal powder is collected and monitored to determine the coal powder temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal powder particle ratio and drilling time; after the drilling depth is greater than or equal to 15m, the monitoring of the selected location is completed and the monitoring data is recorded; it is transferred to the next selected location and the monitoring is repeated for more than 20 times; S2. Rock burst hazard monitoring; After the pressure relief drill is moved to the monitoring position, the pillars and roof are fixed. After drilling begins, coal powder is collected and monitored to determine the coal powder temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal powder particle ratio and drilling time. The drill rod is connected in turn for monitoring. After the depth reaches 15m, the drill rod is removed and moved to the next monitoring position for rock burst hazard monitoring. S3. Decompression and hazard relief at rock burst danger locations; When the rock burst hazard monitoring warning is issued, drilling is stopped and the pressure relief drilling rig is started to carry out pressure relief drilling. The pressure relief drilling depth is greater than 20m.

2. The method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber pad is arranged on the side of the coal powder collecting device in contact with the coal wall, a standard filter screen is arranged in the coal powder collecting device, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the coal powder collecting device.

3. The method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper ends of the pillars are provided with pillar caps, and the two pillars are fixed on the top plate by telescopic contact up and down, and the crawler walking device cooperates with the pillars and is fixed on the bottom plate and the top plate respectively.

4. The method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the rock burst hazard monitoring, situations where rock burst hazard exists include: when the drilling depth is ≤1.5 times the coal seam thickness, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is >1.5 times the standard amount of coal powder; when the drilling depth is 1.5~3 times the coal seam thickness, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is >2~3 times the standard amount of coal powder; when the drilling depth is >3 times the coal seam thickness, the amount of coal powder drilled out per meter of drill rod is ≥4 times the standard amount of coal powder.

5. The method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the rock burst hazard monitoring, if the actual monitored value of the nth drill rod parameter is greater than 1.5 times the standard value of the nth drill rod parameter, there is a rock burst hazard.

6. The method for monitoring impact risk by multi-parameter measurement while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The index data of coal powder temperature, drilling speed, torque, coal powder particle ratio and drilling time, when any parameter exceeds the warning value, the index analysis result is 1, otherwise it is 0; the numerical values ​​of the index analysis results are accumulated, and if the accumulated result is ≥2, an audible and visual alarm is issued.

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