Adaptive Control Structure and Remote Monitoring Method for Low-Temperature Start of Metal-Air Batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-temperature start-up adaptive control structure and remote monitoring method for a metal-air battery, which includes an upper support frame and a lower support frame arranged in parallel. The upper support frame is fixedly arranged at the top of the rear side of the stack box, and the lower support frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the electrolyte tank. Guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides between the two, and an oxygen candle box is slidably arranged on the guide rails. In the present invention, a slideway is arranged on one side of the aluminum-air battery, and a spring and a push rod motor are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the slideway, so that the oxygen candle box can be arranged up and down along the slideway. By sliding up and down, the oxygen candle box is brought into contact with or separated from the electrolyte tank. Therefore, when starting at low temperature, the contact area between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank can be adaptively adjusted according to the temperature of the electrolyte tank, realizing the heating of the electrolyte, improving the low-temperature start-up efficiency of the aluminum-air battery and the heat dissipation performance of excess temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the temperature of metal fuel cells, and particularly to a low-temperature start adaptive control structure and remote monitoring method for a metal-air battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, the aluminum-air battery belongs to an important branch of metal-air batteries. This type of battery uses metallic aluminum as the negative electrode of the metal-air battery. Since metallic aluminum is rich in storage, low in cost and relatively easy to obtain in China, this type of battery has good application and development prospects. The reaction materials of the aluminum-air battery mainly include an aluminum-air anode plate, an air electrode and a KOH alkaline electrolyte. Inside the battery, aluminum alloy first reacts with hydroxide ions in the strong alkaline electrolyte to form aluminum hydroxide, while releasing free electrons. The free electrons flow into the air electrode and react with water to form new hydroxide ions. In the whole chemical process, through the transfer of free electrons, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy, and combined with circuit hardware, the process of battery discharge is realized. The aluminum-air battery has the characteristics of high specific energy and high conversion efficiency. At the same time, due to the relatively small density of aluminum metal, the aluminum-air battery system is lighter in weight and convenient for transportation. Most importantly, during the discharge process of the aluminum-air battery, by controlling the concentration of the electrolyte and other means, the problems of when to generate electricity and how much electricity to generate can be realized. Given the characteristics of the aluminum-air battery, it has been widely used in the fields of new energy vehicles, mobile power generation and backup power supplies.

[0003] The specific chemical reaction formula of the aluminum-air battery is 4Al + 3O2 + 6H2O → 4Al(OH)3. It is not difficult to find from the chemical reaction formula that H2O participates in the whole energy conversion process. In order for the aluminum-air battery to achieve a wider range of applications, low-temperature environments are application conditions that must be considered. As a battery, low-temperature start is one of the important performances for examining the battery performance. At present, the low-temperature start methods mainly include electric heating start and chemical energy heating start. The electric heating start mainly refers to using electrical energy to heat a resistance wire, and through a contact method, transferring the heat energy of the resistance wire to the battery system to increase the ambient temperature of the whole system and ensure the reaction rate of the chemical reaction. Chemical energy heating mainly generates heat through the chemical reaction of external substances and transfers it to the battery system. The present invention adopts the method of chemical energy heating, using the excess heat generated by the combustion of an oxygen candle to heat the electrolyte tank of the battery system to ensure that H2O can participate in the chemical reaction within a specified temperature range.

[0004] The structure of the aluminum-air battery includes modules such as a battery reaction stack, an electrolyte tank, a circulation pump, a DC / DC converter, an oxygen candle box, and a cooling fan. When the aluminum-air battery is started, the circulation pump is first powered by an external lithium battery. The input circulation pump pumps the KOH electrolyte in the electrolyte tank into the reaction stack, where a chemical reaction occurs. The KOH electrolyte then returns to the electrolyte tank through the output circulation pump. During this process, the chemical energy of the aluminum-air reaction is converted into electrical energy, which is then converted into a stable DC voltage output through the DC / DC module. At the same time, a part of the output DC electrical energy replaces the lithium battery to power the circulation pump. It can be seen that during the entire reaction process, the circulation structure of the KOH electrolyte is an important component of the battery. In a low-temperature environment, the H2O component in the KOH electrolyte will reduce the fluidity of the solution and the efficiency of participating in the reaction.

[0005] The oxygen candle box provides an oxygen-rich environment for the aluminum-air battery reaction. The oxygen candle is mainly composed of chlorate, catalyst, binder, etc. After being ignited, it can decompose oxygen in a high-temperature environment. At the same time, the decomposition of chlorate is an exothermic reaction. In order to maintain the combustion of chlorate, a metal fuel is mixed into the oxygen candle. When the metal burns, it will generate a high temperature of thousands of degrees Celsius. Generally, only the oxygen provided by the combustion of the oxygen candle is considered, and the heat generated by it is regarded as an unnecessary additive, which needs to be dissipated through the cooling system. At this time, in a low-temperature environment, the heat generated during the combustion of the oxygen candle can be used to heat the KOH electrolyte to improve the fluidity of H2O and ensure the efficiency of participating in the reaction. Of course, the disadvantages of this solution are: (1) The combustion of the oxygen candle is uncontrollable. After being ignited, it must burn until the chlorate is completely decomposed. (2) The heat released by the oxygen candle is too large. In a low-temperature environment, it can quickly increase the temperature of the electrolyte, but after the aluminum-air battery starts to work normally, the heat generated is harmful heat and needs to be discharged in time. (3) This type of aluminum-air battery is mostly used in a long-term standby state. How to monitor the working life of the oxygen candle for a long time.

[0006] At present, relevant research has emerged on using the oxygen candle box to heat the electrolyte tank in a low-temperature environment. However, the existing research cannot achieve different degrees of heating effects according to the real-time temperature value of the low-temperature environment. Moreover, relatively little research has been done on how to ensure the long-term effectiveness of the oxygen candle box for long-term standby aluminum-air batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature start-up adaptive control structure and remote monitoring method for a metal-air battery, which can remotely monitor the working state of the oxygen candle box, automatically adjust the temperature of the electrolyte tank when starting in a low-temperature environment, and after starting, can reduce the contact area between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank, and use the original cooling system of the battery to dissipate the temperature.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] An adaptive control structure for low-temperature startup of a metal-air battery, comprising an upper support frame and a lower support frame arranged in parallel. The upper support frame is fixedly arranged at the top of the rear side of the stack box, and the lower support frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the electrolyte tank. Guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides between the two, and an oxygen candle box is slidably arranged on the guide rails. A push rod motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper support frame, and the telescopic direction of the output shaft of the push rod motor is the same as that of the guide rails. A support spring is arranged at the upper end of the lower support frame, and the top of the support spring is fixed to the bottom of the oxygen candle box, which is used to support the oxygen candle box to maintain a height h in the self-weight state, and the height h is not lower than the height of the electrolyte tank. The surface of the oxygen candle box adjacent to the electrolyte is a flat structure, and the flat structure is slidably contacted with one side surface of the electrolyte tank through the guide rails. It also includes a PLC controller, a communication module, a remote memory, a remote terminal, an oxygen concentration sensor for detecting the ambient oxygen concentration of the metal-air battery, and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the electrolyte tank. The output ends of the oxygen concentration sensor and the temperature sensor are connected to the input end of the PLC controller, the output end of the PLC is connected to the control input ends of the electrolyte circulation system and the push rod motor, and the PLC controller is connected to the remote memory and the remote terminal through the communication module.

[0010] It also includes a weighing sensor, which is used to measure the weight of the oxygen candle box, and the output end of the weighing sensor is connected to the input end of the PLC controller.

[0011] It also includes a support rod, the upper end of which is used to be fixed to the bottom of the support spring, and the lower end is arranged at the upper end of the lower support frame through the weighing sensor.

[0012] There are multiple springs.

[0013] The remote monitoring method according to the above-mentioned adaptive control structure for low-temperature startup of a metal-air battery includes the following steps:

[0014] A: The PLC controller receives the value m of the weighing sensor and the value T of the temperature sensor in real time, and sends them to the remote memory and the remote terminal through the communication module, and compares in real time whether the values of m and T are within the first threshold range. If so, enter the next step B; otherwise, send an alarm signal to the remote terminal and return to continue the detection.

[0015] B: The PLC controller detects whether there is a battery startup instruction. If not, it enters the standby state. If so, enter the next step C.

[0016] C: The PLC receives the temperature value T of the electrolyte tank temperature signal and compares it with the second threshold value T0. If it is greater than T0, it proceeds to step D; otherwise, it adopts a decoupled PID control strategy. The decoupled PID control strategy includes the PLC controller detecting the oxygen concentration sensor and the temperature sensor simultaneously, outputting to control the number of ignited oxygen candles to adjust the oxygen concentration, and sending control information to the push rod motor. By controlling the expansion and contraction of the motor, the contact area between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank changes, thereby achieving closed-loop control until T is greater than the preset second threshold value T0, and then proceeding to step D;

[0017] D: The PLC controller controls the ignition of a single oxygen candle, and simultaneously sends a control signal to the heat dissipation system to start heat dissipation and detects the value of the oxygen concentration sensor;

[0018] E: The PLC controller compares the value of the oxygen concentration sensor detected with the set oxygen concentration threshold value. If it is less than the set value, it returns to step D; if it is greater than the set value, the PLC controller then controls the weighing sensor to weigh. At this time, if the weighing value is greater than the set weight threshold value, it returns to step D; otherwise, the control process ends.

[0019] In the present invention, a slideway is provided on one side of the aluminum-air battery, and a spring and a push rod motor are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the slideway, so that the oxygen candle box can be arranged up and down along the slideway. The slideway is arranged on one side of the electrolyte tank, and the oxygen candle box is brought into contact with or separated from the electrolyte tank by sliding up and down. Thus, when starting at low temperature, the contact area between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank can be adaptively adjusted according to the temperature of the electrolyte tank to realize the heating of the electrolyte, improving the low-temperature starting efficiency of the aluminum-air battery and the heat dissipation performance of excess temperature. Further, by providing a 4G data module, a remote cloud server, and a PLC control module, remote monitoring can be carried out to master the working state of the oxygen candle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram when the present invention is normally started;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a side view when the present invention is started at low temperature;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a control flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] As Figure 1 、 2 As shown in 2 and 3, the present invention includes an upper support frame 12 and a lower support frame 13 arranged in parallel. The upper support frame 12 is fixedly arranged at the top of the rear side of the fuel cell stack box 4, and the lower support frame 13 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the electrolyte tank 11. Guide rails 6 are respectively arranged on both sides between the two, and an oxygen candle box 7 is slidably arranged on the guide rails 6; a push rod motor 2 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper support frame 12, and the telescopic direction of the output shaft of the push rod motor 2 is consistent with that of the guide rails; a support spring 8 is arranged at the upper end of the lower support frame 13, and the top of the support spring 8 is fixed to the bottom of the oxygen candle box 7 for supporting the oxygen candle box 7 to maintain its height in the self-weight state. h The h height is not lower than the height of the electrolyte tank 11; the surface of the oxygen candle box 7 adjacent to the electrolyte tank 11 is a flat structure, and the flat structure is slidably contacted with one side surface of the electrolyte tank 11 through the guide rail 6. The invention also includes a PLC controller 3, a communication module, a remote memory, a remote terminal, an oxygen concentration sensor 1 for detecting the ambient oxygen concentration of the metal-air battery, and a temperature sensor 10 for detecting the temperature of the electrolyte tank. The output ends of the oxygen concentration sensor 1 and the temperature sensor 10 are connected to the input end of the PLC controller, and the output end of the PLC is connected to the control input ends of the electrolyte circulation system 5 and the push rod motor 2. The PLC controller is connected to the remote memory and the remote terminal through the communication module. A weighing sensor 9 is also included, and the weighing sensor 9 is used to measure the weight of the oxygen candle box 7. The output end of the weighing sensor is connected to the input end of the PLC controller. A support rod 14 is also included. The upper end of the support rod 14 is used to be fixed to the bottom of the support spring 8, and the lower end is arranged at the upper end of the lower support frame 13 through the weighing sensor 9.

[0026] During actual use, the specific working process of the present invention is as follows. When the battery is in the standby state, the weighing sensor 9 detects the weight of the oxygen candle box m (Kg), and the temperature sensor 10 of the electrolyte tank detects the temperature of the electrolyte tank T (°C). The data is transmitted to the cloud server through the PLC controller 3 and the communication module, and the user can view the real-time weight m of the oxygen candle box and the temperature of the electrolyte tank through the remote client terminal. T . If the temperature T significantly increases or the weightm The reduction is relatively large, indicating a leakage in the server-side alarm oxygen candle box. If T or m it remains stable, indicating that the oxygen candle box is working properly.

[0027] Controllable adaptive heating structure. The device of the present invention adopts a vertical sliding mechanical structure of a support spring - oxygen candle box - push rod motor. By detecting the temperature of the electrolyte tank and the ambient oxygen concentration, and adopting a PID decoupling control strategy based on PLC, it realizes the adaptive regulation of the temperature of the electrolyte tank for low-temperature startup. Under the condition of ensuring the ambient oxygen concentration, the number of ignited oxygen candles can be regulated according to the collected temperature of the electrolyte tank n and the contact area between the electrolyte tank and the oxygen candle box A to achieve adaptive regulation, realize continuous change of the electrolyte temperature, effectively improve the efficiency and stability of the low-temperature startup of the battery, and avoid the adverse effects of too high temperature on the electrolyte.

[0028] Remote monitoring of the low-temperature startup device. The present invention adopts a remote monitoring module, avoiding long-term manual on-duty, and real-time detecting the weight of the oxygen candle box m and the temperature of the electrolyte tank T , and enabling remote personnel to understand the state of the electrolyte tank through the mode of remote alarm.

[0029] While ensuring the ambient oxygen concentration of the aluminum-air battery, the present invention can adaptively and continuously regulate the temperature of the electrolyte tank in a low-temperature environment. According to the real-time temperature value, the temperature of the electrolyte tank is continuously changed, avoiding the adverse effects of too high temperature on the electrolyte tank and ensuring that the electronic equipment is not damaged due to too high temperature. After the battery works normally, the contact area between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank is small, and the low-temperature startup device is transformed into an oxygen supply device.

[0030] Battery startup state. After the battery receives a startup instruction from a human or a host computer, it detects the temperature through the electrolyte tank temperature sensor 10 T (°C). If T is higher than the temperature threshold for low-temperature startup T 0, the push rod motor 2 does not act, and single oxygen candles are sequentially ignited in the set order. The oxygen concentration is detected by the oxygen concentration sensor 1. Since the oxygen density is greater than that of air, oxygen can enter the stack from the upper part, facilitating the chemical reaction of the aluminum-air battery. At the same time, the electrolyte tank temperature sensor opens the cooling fan in a timely manner for heat dissipation according to the detected temperature T . Figure 2 This is the structural schematic diagram of the device during low-temperature startup. If T is lower than the temperature threshold for low-temperature startup T0, the system then enters the low-temperature startup mode. The push rod motor 2 at the upper part of the oxygen candle box operates, and the oxygen candle box slides through the guide rail 6 and is pressed into the lower part of the device to contact the electrolyte tank. As n the oxygen candles burn, the oxygen concentration rises, and thus the temperature of the electrolyte tank can be established T (°C), oxygen concentration y (%), and the number of burning oxygen candles n (pieces), contact area A (m 2 ), that is, the relationship between a double-input and double-output system ( T , y ) = f ( n , A ). During the low-temperature startup process, T and y change simultaneously under the influence of the number of ignited oxygen candles n and the contact area A . This adaptive control method is to detect y and T data and transmit them to the PLC controller. The PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) decoupling control strategy is adopted in the controller to adjust n and A simultaneously, that is, to adjust the thrust of the ignition device and the pull rod motor to ensure that the temperature of the electrolyte tank rises and the battery can be started in a short time.

[0031] When the battery is in the normal working state, the temperature T (°C) is detected by the temperature sensor 10 of the electrolyte tank. Once the temperature value returns above the temperature threshold T 0, the PLC controller 3 and the communication module send a working instruction to the push rod motor 2, and the push rod motor 2 returns to its initial state. Under the action of the support spring 8, the oxygen candle box ensures a smaller contact area with the electrolyte tank. At this time, the weighing sensor 9 starts to detect the weight of the oxygen candle box, and no more oxygen candles are lit until it is detected that the weight of the oxygen candle box no longer decreases and the oxygen concentration begins to decrease, and then the oxygen candles are lit again to resume oxygen supply to the system, and the low-temperature startup process ends.

[0032] Figure 3 represents the control flow chart of this heating device. Based on the sensitivity of the sensor to temperature and oxygen concentration, using the PLC control system as the center, the adaptive and remote monitoring functions of the device of the present invention are realized. Specifically,

[0033] According to the above-mentioned low-temperature startup adaptive control structure and remote monitoring method for a metal-air battery, it includes the following steps:

[0034] A: The PLC controller receives the value of the weighing sensor in real time mand the value of the temperature sensor T , and send it to the remote memory and remote terminal through the communication module, and compare in real time m and T whether the value is within the first threshold range. If so, enter the next step B. Otherwise, send an alarm signal to the remote terminal and return to continue the detection;

[0035] B: The PLC controller detects whether there is a battery start instruction. If not, it enters the standby state. If there is, it enters the next step C,

[0036] C: The PLC receives the temperature value of the electrolyte tank temperature signal T , and compares it with the second threshold T 0. If it is greater than T 0, it enters step D. Otherwise, it adopts a decoupled PID control strategy. The decoupled PID control strategy includes detecting the oxygen concentration sensor and the temperature sensor through the PLC controller, outputting the number of oxygen candles to be ignited to adjust the oxygen concentration and sending control information to the push rod motor, and changing the contact area between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank by controlling the expansion and contraction of the motor, so as to achieve closed-loop control until T is greater than the preset second threshold T0 and enters step D;

[0037] D: The PLC controller controls to ignite a single oxygen candle, and at the same time sends a control signal to the heat dissipation system to start heat dissipation and detect the value of the oxygen concentration sensor;

[0038] E: The PLC controller compares the value of the oxygen concentration sensor detected with the set oxygen concentration threshold. If it is less than the set value, it returns to step D. If it is greater than the set value, the PLC controller then controls the weighing sensor to weigh. At this time, if the weighing value is greater than the set weight threshold, it returns to step D. Otherwise, the control process ends

[0039] The present invention is applied to the situation of real-time heating of the electrolyte during the low-temperature start of the aluminum-air battery and rapid heat dissipation after startup. The original whole machine system of the aluminum-air battery mainly includes reaction stacks, electrolyte tanks, alkali liquid circulation, DC / DC conversion, oxygen candle boxes, cooling fans, external power supplies and other modules. The mechanical structure of the low-temperature start adaptive control of the present invention is installed on one side of the whole machine system, and is connected to the external power supply module of the original system during standby and startup. After the battery generates electricity normally, it switches to battery power supply to ensure the normal operation of the system. It mainly includes a temperature sensor, an oxygen concentration sensor, a weighing sensor, a data 4G module, a remote cloud server, a PLC control module, an oxygen candle box module, a support spring, a push rod motor and an oxygen candle box guide rail. When the present invention is actually used, it is divided into several states: battery standby state, normal battery start, low-temperature battery start and the PLC controller does not apply a push rod motor control instruction. The following is a detailed description:

[0040] Battery standby state. The weighing sensor 9 detects the weight of the oxygen candle box m (Kg), and the electrolyte tank temperature sensor 10 detects the temperature of the electrolyte tank T (°C). The data is transmitted to the cloud server through the PLC controller 3 and the communication module, and the user can view the real-time weight of the oxygen candle box m and the temperature of the electrolyte tank T . If the temperature T increases significantly or the weight m decreases significantly, it indicates that the server alarms that the oxygen candle box has a leak. If T or m remains stable, it means that the oxygen candle box is working properly. That is, the temperature sensor and the weighing sensor work, and the real-time temperature value of the electrolyte tank and the weight value of the low-temperature starting device are uploaded to the cloud server through the 4G module. Monitoring is realized through the remote data interface. A small change in the temperature value of the electrolyte tank and a constant weight value of the low-temperature starting device represent that the weight of the oxygen candle has not decreased at this time, no heat is released, and the temperature only fluctuates slightly according to the external environment, indicating that the working state of the oxygen candle box is effective. Once the values of the two sensors change significantly, it means that there is a problem with the oxygen candle system, and the remote monitoring system can alarm to remind the engineering personnel to repair.

[0041] Battery startup state. After the battery receives the startup instruction from the manual or the upper computer, it detects the temperature T (°C) through the electrolyte tank temperature sensor 10. If T is higher than the temperature threshold for low-temperature startup T 0, the push rod motor does not move. According to the set sequence, each oxygen candle is lit in turn. The oxygen concentration is detected by the oxygen concentration sensor 1. Since the density of oxygen is greater than that of air, oxygen can enter the fuel cell stack from the upper part, which is convenient for the chemical reaction of the aluminum-air battery. At the same time, the electrolyte tank temperature sensor opens the cooling fan in a timely manner for heat dissipation according to the detected temperature T . Figure 2 This is the structural schematic diagram of the device during low-temperature startup. If T is lower than the temperature threshold for low-temperature startup T 0, the system enters the low-temperature startup mode at this time. The push rod motor at the upper part of the oxygen candle box acts, and the oxygen candle box slides through the guide rail 6 and is pressed into the lower part of the device to contact the electrolyte tank. As n the number of oxygen candles burns, the oxygen concentration rises. Therefore, the relationship between the temperature of the electrolyte tank T (°C), the oxygen concentration y (%) and the number of burning oxygen candles n (roots), the contact area A (m 2 ) can be established, that is, a double-input and double-output system ( T, y ) = f ( n , A ). During the low-temperature startup process, T and y changes are simultaneously affected by the number of oxygen candles ignited n and the contact area A . This adaptive control method, that is, by detecting y and T data, is transmitted to the PLC controller. The PLC controller adopts a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) decoupling control strategy to simultaneously adjust n and A , that is, to adjust the thrust of the ignition device and the pull rod motor, ensuring that the temperature of the electrolyte tank rises and the battery can be started within a short time. That is, when the low-temperature startup device receives the startup instruction, it compares the value of the electrolyte tank temperature sensor. If the temperature meets the startup requirements at this time, the low-temperature startup device enters the oxygen supply mode, and the PLC controller starts the oxygen concentration sensor. According to the oxygen index required by the system, it controls the number of oxygen candles ignited, only realizing the closed-loop control function of oxygen concentration, and the heat is dissipated through the cooling fan of the whole machine system.

[0042] Normal operating state of the battery. The temperature is detected by the electrolyte tank temperature sensor 10 T (°C). Once the temperature value returns to above the temperature threshold T 0. The PLC controller 3 and the communication module send the working instruction to the push rod motor 2, and the push rod motor 2 returns to the initial state. Under the action of the support spring 8, the oxygen candle box ensures a relatively small contact area with the electrolyte tank. At this time, the weighing sensor 9 starts to detect the weight of the oxygen candle box, and no oxygen candles are lit until it is detected that the weight of the oxygen candle box no longer decreases and the oxygen concentration starts to decrease, and then the oxygen candles are lit again to restore oxygen supply to the system, and the low-temperature startup process ends. That is, when the PLC controller receives the startup instruction, it compares the value of the electrolyte tank temperature sensor. If the temperature is in the low-temperature range at this time, the device enters the low-temperature startup mode, and the push rod motor pushes the oxygen candle box to achieve the contact between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank. As the oxygen candles burn, the oxygen concentration of the system will inevitably increase, and the heat is transferred to the electrolyte tank through heat transfer to heat the electrolyte, ensuring the normal startup of the battery. After the battery works normally, by reducing the thrust of the push rod motor, the separation between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank is gradually realized, and the system enters the oxygen supply mode.

[0043] Based on the sensitivity of the sensors to temperature and oxygen concentration, the present invention uses the PLC control system as the center to realize the adaptive and remote monitoring functions of the device of the present invention. By detecting the weight of the weighing sensor and combining the oxygen concentration value, it monitors whether the oxygen candles are burned out. If they are burned out, the remote monitoring system can alarm to remind the engineering personnel to replace the oxygen candles in time.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that for orientation terms, such as the terms "center", "horizontal", "vertical", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the indicated orientation and positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of the present application described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0046] Note that the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the application of technical principles. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, re-adjustments, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, more other effective embodiments can also be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive control structure for low-temperature startup of an aluminum-air battery, characterized in that: It includes an upper support frame and a lower support frame arranged in parallel. The upper support frame is fixedly arranged at the top of the rear side of the stack box, and the lower support frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the electrolyte tank. Guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides between them, and an oxygen candle box is slidably arranged on the guide rails. A push rod motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper support frame, and the telescopic direction of the output shaft of the push rod motor is the same as that of the guide rails. A support spring is arranged at the upper end of the lower support frame, and the top of the support spring is fixed to the bottom of the oxygen candle box, which is used to support the oxygen candle box to maintain a height h in its self-weight state, and the height h is not lower than the height of the electrolyte tank. The surface of the oxygen candle box adjacent to the electrolyte is a flat structure, and the flat structure is in sliding contact with one side surface of the electrolyte tank through the guide rails. It also includes a PLC controller, a communication module, a remote memory, a remote terminal, an oxygen concentration sensor for detecting the ambient oxygen concentration of the aluminum-air battery, and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the electrolyte tank. The output ends of the oxygen concentration sensor and the temperature sensor are connected to the input end of the PLC controller, the output end of the PLC is connected to the control input ends of the electrolyte circulation system and the push rod motor, and the PLC controller is connected to the remote memory and the remote terminal through the communication module. Adaptive regulation is achieved by regulating the number of oxygen candles lit in the oxygen candle box and the contact area between the electrolyte tank and the oxygen candle box according to the temperature of the electrolyte tank. It also includes a weighing sensor, which is used to measure the weight of the oxygen candle box, and the output end of the weighing sensor is connected to the input end of the PLC controller. There are multiple support springs. It also includes a support rod, the upper end of which is used to be fixed to the bottom of the support spring, and the lower end is arranged at the upper end of the lower support frame through the weighing sensor.

2. The remote monitoring method of the low-temperature start-up adaptive control structure of the aluminum-air battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: A: The PLC controller receives the value m of the weighing sensor and the value T of the temperature sensor in real time, and sends them to the remote memory and the remote terminal through the communication module, and compares whether the values of m and T are within the first threshold range in real time. If so, it enters the next step B. Otherwise, it sends an alarm signal to the remote terminal and returns to continue the detection. B: The PLC controller detects whether there is a battery start command. If not, it enters the standby state. If there is, it enters the next step C. C: The PLC receives the temperature value T of the electrolyte tank temperature signal and compares it with the second threshold T0. If it is greater than T0, it enters step D. Otherwise, it adopts a decoupled PID control strategy. The decoupled PID control strategy includes that the PLC controller simultaneously detects the oxygen concentration sensor and the temperature sensor, outputs to control the number of oxygen candles lit to adjust the oxygen concentration and sends control information to the push rod motor. By controlling the telescopic movement of the motor, the contact area between the oxygen candle box and the electrolyte tank changes, so as to achieve closed-loop control until T is greater than the preset second threshold T0, and then enters step D. D: The PLC controller controls to light a single oxygen candle, and at the same time sends a control signal to the heat dissipation system to start heat dissipation and detects the value of the oxygen concentration sensor. E: The PLC controller compares the value detected by the oxygen concentration sensor with the set oxygen concentration threshold. If it is less than the set value, it returns to step D. If it is greater than the set value, the PLC controller then controls the load cell to weigh. At this time, if the weighed value is greater than the set weight threshold, it returns to step D; otherwise, the control process ends.

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