One-way water guide anti-clogging drainage hole structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a one-way water guide anti-clogging drainage hole structure. It is suitable for water passing structures in civil engineering, hydropower and water conservancy engineering. The technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a one-way water guide anti-clogging drainage hole structure, characterized in that it comprises: a drainage pipe inserted into a drainage hole in the bottom plate of a water passing structure; a hole water guide protection cover installed on the upper end of the drainage pipe; when the water pressure inside the surface of the water passing structure is greater than the water pressure outside the drainage hole, the hole water guide protection cover can be pressed tightly to close the upper end of the drainage pipe under the action of pressure difference; when the water pressure inside the surface of the water passing structure is less than the water pressure outside the drainage hole, the hole water guide protection cover can be lifted up under the action of pressure difference, thereby forming a drainage passage between the hole water guide protection cover and the drainage pipe, which connects the drainage pipe and the water passing passage of the water passing structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a unidirectional water-guiding, anti-clogging drainage hole structure. It is applicable to water-passing structures in civil engineering, hydropower, and water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] In civil engineering and hydropower projects, drainage holes are often installed on the base slab or sidewalls of water-passing structures to reduce external water pressure and minimize uplift pressure on foundations. Examples include pressure-reducing or drainage holes on the base slabs of hydraulic tunnels, open water conveyance channels, and stilling basins of sluice gates. Conventional drainage hole designs mainly fall into two categories: rock-based PVC permeable pipes and soil-based drainage holes with reverse filtration systems. These types of drainage holes have some drawbacks:

[0003] 1. It does not have a one-way water guiding function. When the water pressure outside the foundation slab of the hydraulic structure is low, the water flow inside the structure may scour the foundation slab through the drainage holes, affecting the structural safety.

[0004] Second, as water-carrying structures are in operation, the silt and sediment carried by the water flow often clog the drainage holes, causing them to fail. This reduces the building's foundation structure's ability to resist external water pressure, leading to warping, cracking, or even instability of the building's foundation.

[0005] Third, once drainage holes fail, they are difficult to repair or replace, requiring complete demolition and reconstruction. This not only disrupts building operations but also incurs significant economic losses. The aforementioned drainage hole structures are typically embedded within the building structure, making repair difficult after failure and potentially leading to substantial economic losses or significant safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a unidirectional water-guiding anti-clogging drainage hole structure to address the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a unidirectional water-guiding and anti-clogging drainage hole structure, characterized in that it includes:

[0008] Drainage pipe, inserted into the drainage hole in the base plate of the building that is flooded;

[0009] A water guide cover is installed at the upper end of the drain pipe;

[0010] When the water pressure inside the surface of the water-passing structure is greater than the water pressure outside the drainage hole, the water guide cover can press and seal the upper end of the drainage pipe under the action of pressure difference.

[0011] When the water pressure inside the surface of the water-passing structure is less than the water pressure outside the drain hole, the orifice water guide cover can be lifted under the action of pressure difference, thereby forming a drainage channel between the orifice water guide cover and the drain pipe, connecting the drain pipe and the water passage of the water-passing structure.

[0012] By installing a water-guiding protective cover at the upper end of the drainage pipe that can move up and down under pressure difference, thereby opening and closing the drainage pipe opening, when the external water pressure is relatively low, the protective cover closes the drainage pipe to prevent water flow inside the water-passing structure from scouring the foundation slab through the drainage hole, and to prevent mud and silt carried by the water flow inside the water-passing structure from clogging the drainage hole; when the external water pressure is relatively high, the protective cover is raised to form an external water drainage channel connecting the drainage pipe and the water passage of the water-passing structure, reducing the uplift pressure on the structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the orifice water guide protective cover has a sleeve that fits onto the drain pipe and has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the drain pipe, with a top cover plate fixed to the upper end of the sleeve.

[0014] The top cover plate is used to press the upper end of the drain pipe to seal the pipe opening. After the protective cover is raised, the external water flows through the drain pipe and the drainage channel formed between the sleeve and the drain pipe into the water passage of the water passage structure. The mud, silt and other sediments carried by the water flow inside the water passage structure need to move upward along the drainage channel before reaching the drain pipe opening, thus effectively avoiding the blockage of the drain pipe by mud, silt and other sediments.

[0015] In some embodiments, a frustum of a drainage hole is reserved on the bottom plate of the water-passing structure corresponding to the drainage hole to form a bottom plate enlargement head. The lower end diameter of the bottom plate enlargement head is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the upper end diameter of the bottom plate enlargement head is adapted to the top cover plate.

[0016] The orifice water guide cover can be placed entirely inside the base plate enlargement head, so that the top surface of the orifice water guide cover is flush with the surface of the base plate of the water-passing structure, ensuring smooth flow; external water enters the water passage of the water-passing structure through the drain pipe, the drainage channel between the sleeve and the drain pipe, and the gap between the inner wall of the base plate enlargement head and the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0017] In some embodiments, the gap between the inner wall of the base plate enlarged head and the outer wall of the sleeve is filled with a mesh.

[0018] The mesh screen prevents mud, silt, and other debris carried by the water flow inside the water-passing structure from entering the drainage channel, thus playing a reliable role in preventing siltation and blockage.

[0019] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the sleeve on the top cover plate is provided with a water-permeable mesh.

[0020] By setting permeable mesh holes around the top cover plate, the area of ​​internal water acting on the top cover plate is reduced, and the difficulty of the external water lifting orifice water guide protection cover is reduced.

[0021] In some embodiments, the sleeve is covered with a ring of elastic steel wire mesh, the upper end of which is fixed to the top cover plate, and the lower end of which contacts the bottom plate of the water-passing structure below.

[0022] The flexible wire mesh always corresponds to the gap between the top cover plate and the bottom plate of the water-passing structure to prevent silt from entering the drainage hole structure.

[0023] In some embodiments, an upper ring of locking teeth and a lower ring of locking teeth are formed on the upper outer wall of the drain pipe, the upper and lower locking teeth are staggered on the horizontal plane and there is a certain distance between them; a ring of sleeve locking teeth is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve, which is adapted to both the upper and lower locking teeth.

[0024] The lower locking teeth on the drain pipe are used to position the sleeve locking teeth. The upper locking teeth, which are staggered with the lower locking teeth, prevent the sleeve locking teeth from coming off when they move upward, thus preventing the orifice water guide protective cover from separating from the drain pipe when it moves upward.

[0025] In some embodiments, when the top cover plate presses against and seals the upper end of the drain pipe, the sleeve retaining teeth on the inner wall of the sleeve are located in the groove between the lower retaining teeth.

[0026] The top cover plate presses the upper end of the drain pipe, and the sleeve teeth and lower teeth work together to seal the drainage channel between the sleeve and the drain pipe, providing multiple layers of protection and preventing the inner water flow from scouring the foundation through the drain hole.

[0027] In some embodiments, the top cover plate is provided with bolts and pins that can cooperate with the drain pipe to prevent the orifice water guide cover from rotating horizontally relative to the drain pipe.

[0028] After the orifice water guide cover is installed on the upper end of the drain pipe, the horizontal relative position of the two is locked by bolts and pins to prevent the orifice water guide cover from rotating horizontally, thereby preventing the orifice water guide cover and the drain pipe from separating.

[0029] In some embodiments, the lower end of the drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextile.

[0030] The lower end of the drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextile to prevent debris or exudate from clogging the orifice structure.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the drainage hole structure designed in this invention has a unidirectional water guiding function, that is, it allows external water to seep into the interior while preventing internal water from seeping outwards. At the same time, this drainage hole structure has an effective anti-clogging function. This invention has a simple structure, reliable effect, and is convenient to construct, operate, and maintain. It can significantly improve the effective life of the drainage hole, increase structural safety, reduce maintenance difficulty, and has high reliability and practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 , Figure 2 The figures are sectional views and cross-sectional views of an embodiment.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage pipe in the embodiment.

[0034] Figure 4 , 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the orifice water guide protective cover in the embodiment.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in the embodiment where the water pressure inside the surface of the water-passing structure is greater than the water pressure outside the drainage hole.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in the embodiment where the water pressure inside the surface of the water-passing structure is less than the water pressure outside the drainage hole.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the orifice water guide cover in the embodiment.

[0038] 1. Water-carrying structure base slab; 2. Substructure foundation; 3. Drainage hole body; 4. Drainage pipe; 4-1. Upper layer retaining teeth; 4-2. Lower layer retaining teeth; 5. Geotextile; 6. Base slab enlarged head; 7. Orifice water guide protective cover; 7-1. Top cover plate; 7-2. Sleeve; 7-3. Sleeve retaining teeth; 7-4. Elastic wire mesh; 7-5. Bolts and pins; 8. Mesh; 9. Structure-foundation interface; 10. Internal water (water flow inside the water-carrying structure, such as water flowing through tunnels or open channels); 11. External water (groundwater outside the building base slab). Detailed Implementation

[0039] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment is a unidirectional water-guiding and anti-clogging drainage hole structure, which is set on the bottom plate of the water-passing structure. Multiple drainage holes are provided on the bottom plate of the water-passing structure, and a matching PVC drainage pipe is inserted into the drainage hole. The lower end of the drainage pipe passes through the structure-foundation interface and enters the lower foundation of the structure for about 20cm. The lower part of the drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextile to prevent debris or exudate in the hole from clogging the hole structure. A water-guiding protective cover is installed at the upper end of the drainage pipe. The water-guiding protective cover can close or open the upper end of the drainage pipe according to the pressure difference between the inside and outside water.

[0040] In this example, the drainage hole penetrates the foundation slab of the water-bearing structure and extends 2-6 meters into the rock, forming a water-conducting channel when the external water pressure is high. The diameter and depth of the drainage hole are determined based on the groundwater abundance and verified using the following formula: Hole Diameter In the formula, k is the permeability coefficient of the underlying rock mass, and ν w Let g be the kinematic viscosity of water, and g be the acceleration due to gravity.

[0041] In this embodiment, the orifice water guide cover has a sleeve that fits onto the drain pipe and has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the drain pipe. A gap is left between the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the drain pipe. A ring of sleeve retaining teeth is formed at the lower end of the inner wall of the sleeve. A top cover plate with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve is fixed at the upper end of the sleeve. A wing plate is formed on the outer periphery of the top cover plate, and water-permeable mesh holes are provided on the wing plate (see...). Figure 4 , 5 ).

[0042] In this embodiment, an upper ring of retaining teeth and a lower ring of retaining teeth located at a certain distance (3-5cm) below the upper ring of retaining teeth are formed on the upper outer wall of the drain pipe. Both the upper and lower retaining teeth rings can engage with the retaining teeth on the inner wall of the sleeve. The upper and lower retaining teeth rings are offset by 45° on the horizontal plane (see...). Figure 3 ).

[0043] When the top cover plate presses tightly to seal the upper end of the drain pipe, the sleeve retaining teeth on the inner wall of the sleeve are located in the groove between the lower retaining teeth; when the orifice water guide protective cover is lifted, the upper retaining teeth block the upward movement path of the sleeve retaining teeth because the upper retaining teeth ring and the lower retaining teeth ring are misaligned on the horizontal plane, thereby preventing the orifice water guide protective cover from separating from the drain pipe.

[0044] In this example, the top cover plate is fixed with bolts and pins. The bolts and pins cooperate with the lower drain pipe to prevent the orifice water guide protective cover from rotating horizontally relative to the drain pipe, thereby preventing the sleeve retainer from moving out of the groove between the upper retainers after rotation, and preventing the orifice water guide protective cover from falling off accidentally. The length of the bolts and pins does not exceed the upper retainers of the drain pipe.

[0045] In this embodiment, a corresponding drainage hole is provided on the surface of the bottom plate of the water-passing structure, and an enlarged head is provided on the bottom plate. The enlarged head is in the shape of an inverted frustum. The diameter of the bottom surface of the frustum matches the outer diameter of the sleeve of the water-guiding protective cover, the diameter of the top surface of the frustum matches the diameter of the top cover plate of the water-guiding protective cover, and the height of the frustum is the same as the height of the orifice water-guiding protective cover. The orifice water-guiding protective cover can be completely placed inside the enlarged head of the bottom plate, and the top surface of the orifice water-guiding protective cover is flush with the surface of the bottom plate of the water-passing structure to ensure smooth flow.

[0046] In this example, the gap between the inner wall of the base plate enlarged head and the outer wall of the sleeve is filled with a mesh, and an elastic steel wire mesh is wrapped around the sleeve. The upper end of the elastic steel wire mesh is fixed to the top cover plate, and the lower end of the elastic steel wire mesh contacts the base plate of the water-passing structure below under the action of elasticity, so as to prevent silt from entering the drainage hole structure.

[0047] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When the water pressure inside the surface of the water-passing structure is greater than the water pressure outside the drain hole, the orifice guide cover is sealed under the action of water pressure and its own weight, pressing the upper orifice of the drain pipe. At this time, the sleeve teeth engage with the lower teeth of the drain pipe to prevent internal water from seeping into the drain pipe. In addition, the orifice guide cover and the mesh inside the enlarged head will play a reliable role in preventing siltation and blockage (see...). Figure 6 ).

[0048] When the water pressure inside the structure is less than the water pressure outside the drain hole, the drain cover is lifted by the external water pressure, creating a water-passing gap between the top cover and the upper end of the drain pipe. At this time, the sleeve tooth groove moves upward to a position between the upper and lower locking teeth, and the sleeve tooth groove and the lower locking teeth are disengaged. A drainage channel is formed between the sleeve and the drain pipe. External water flows sequentially through the drain pipe, the water-passing gap between the top cover and the drain pipe, the drainage channel between the sleeve and the drain pipe, and the mesh between the inner wall of the bottom plate enlarged head and the outer wall of the sleeve, and is discharged to the outside of the drain hole, achieving internal infiltration of external water and thus reducing the external water pressure on the structure (see...). Figure 7 ).

[0049] The specific construction steps in this embodiment are as follows:

[0050] Step 001: Based on the designed drainage hole positions, pre-embed guide steel pipes during the pouring of the foundation slab of the water-passing structure to guide the subsequent drilling of drainage holes. Reserve the enlarged frustum-shaped base plate of the drainage hole on the surface of the foundation slab of the water-passing structure, forming it in one step.

[0051] Step 002: After the concrete structure of the water-passing building's base slab is completed, drill drainage holes along the pre-embedded guide holes. During drilling, pay attention to meticulous construction to avoid damaging the enlarged head. After drilling, clean the holes thoroughly to remove all debris.

[0052] Step 003: After drilling the hole, insert the drainage pipe into the drainage hole. The drainage pipe should penetrate 20cm into the rock. Wrap the part that penetrates the rock with geotextile. Fill the bottom concrete section with pre-shrink mortar to ensure that the drainage hole and the PVC drainage pipe wall are filled tightly.

[0053] Step 004: After the drainage pipe construction is completed, install the water guide cover at the orifice. The installation steps are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the steps are as follows: ① Align the grooves between the sleeve teeth of the orifice water guide cover and the upper teeth → ② After alignment, the lower end face of the sleeve teeth sinks to the top of the lower teeth, and rotates 45° to align with the grooves between the sinking teeth → ③ After alignment, the lower end face of the sleeve teeth sinks to the bottom of the lower teeth → ④ After installation, insert bolts and pins, and perform adjustments.

[0054] In this embodiment, when replacing the orifice water guide protective cover, the above installation steps can be reversed to disassemble it, and then the new orifice water guide protective cover can be installed according to the above installation steps, making replacement and repair convenient.

[0055] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The patent scope of the present invention should not be limited by these embodiments. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit disclosed in the present invention still fall within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A unidirectional water-guiding, anti-clogging drainage hole structure, characterized in that, include: Drainage pipe, inserted into the drainage hole in the base plate of the building that is flooded; A water guide cover is installed at the upper end of the drain pipe; When the water pressure inside the surface of the water-passing structure is greater than the water pressure outside the drainage hole, the water guide cover can press and seal the upper end of the drainage pipe under the action of pressure difference. When the water pressure inside the surface of the water-passing structure is less than the water pressure outside the drain hole, the orifice water guide cover can be lifted under the action of pressure difference, thereby forming a drainage channel connecting the drain pipe and the water passage of the water-passing structure between the orifice water guide cover and the drain pipe. The orifice water guide protective cover has a sleeve that fits onto the drain pipe and has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the drain pipe, with a top cover plate fixed at the upper end of the sleeve; The bottom plate of the water-passing structure has a truncated cone-shaped drainage hole corresponding to the drainage hole, forming an enlarged bottom plate head. The lower diameter of the enlarged bottom plate head is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the upper diameter of the enlarged bottom plate head is adapted to the top cover plate. The gap between the inner wall of the base plate enlarged head and the outer wall of the sleeve is filled with mesh; the outer part of the sleeve on the top cover plate is provided with water-permeable mesh holes; The sleeve is covered with a ring of elastic steel wire mesh. The upper end of the elastic steel wire mesh is fixed to the top cover plate, and the lower end of the elastic steel wire mesh is in contact with the bottom plate of the water-passing structure below. The upper outer wall of the drain pipe has an upper ring of locking teeth and a lower ring of locking teeth, which are staggered on the horizontal plane and are spaced a certain distance apart; the inner wall of the sleeve has a ring of sleeve locking teeth that are compatible with both the upper and lower locking teeth.

2. The unidirectional water-guiding anti-clogging drainage hole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the top cover plate presses and seals the upper end of the drain pipe, the sleeve retaining teeth on the inner wall of the sleeve are located in the groove between the lower retaining teeth.

3. The unidirectional water-guiding anti-clogging drainage hole structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The top cover plate is provided with bolts and pins that can cooperate with the drain pipe to prevent the water guide cover at the orifice from rotating horizontally relative to the drain pipe.

4. The unidirectional water-guiding anti-clogging drainage hole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextile.

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