A design method for automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant

Abstract

The present invention relates to a design method for an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for a nuclear power plant, which belongs to the technical field of nuclear power plant automation control, and includes the following steps: task analysis of the start-stop operation process of a nuclear power plant; determining the design scope of an ANPS system of a nuclear power plant; functional group design of an ANPS control system of a nuclear power plant; design of a sequence control function flow of an ANPS of a nuclear power plant; design of a closed-loop adjustment function of main process parameters of an ANPS system of a nuclear power plant; design of an intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of a unit start-stop process of an ANPS system of a nuclear power plant; integrated design of an ANPS system of a nuclear power plant; design of a human-machine interface function of an ANPS system of a nuclear power plant; verification and confirmation of a design scheme of an ANPS system of a nuclear power plant. The method provided by the present invention can realize automatic start-stop sequence control, closed-loop adjustment of main process parameters, and intelligent monitoring of unit operation status parameters in a full operating range of a nuclear power plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power plant automation control, and specifically relates to a design method for an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear power plants are large-scale systems with complex operating conditions, a large number of equipment, closely related process systems, and a long process of starting and stopping the reactor. These characteristics greatly increase the difficulty of operation for operators during the start-up and shutdown of the unit. At the same time, operators need to perform precise manual operations on many devices during the start-up and shutdown of the unit, which increases the operating load and mental pressure of operators. It is not only easy to miss or misoperate, but also has the risk of causing the unit to deviate from normal operation. Using advanced automation and intelligent technology to realize automatic start and stop of nuclear power units has important practical significance for reducing the workload of operators, reducing the probability of misoperation and missed operations, thereby reducing the probability of reactor startup accidents and improving the safety and economy of reactor operation.

[0003] ANPS is the abbreviation of "Automatic Nuclear Power Plant Start-up and Shutdown System", which stands for the automatic start-up and shutdown system of nuclear power plants. The system is the start-up and shutdown scheduling, information management and command control center of the unit, and can issue start-up or shutdown commands to various equipment (systems) according to pre-set procedures. As one of the key supporting technologies for intelligent control systems in smart nuclear power plants, ANPS combines modern control technology with operating experience, and has been recognized and applied by the industry for its safety and economy. By putting the ANPS system into operation, the operating procedures for the start-up and shutdown of the unit can be standardized, the operation can be simplified, misoperation can be reduced, and the safety performance of the unit can be improved. At the same time, it can also shorten the start-up and shutdown time of the unit and improve the economic benefits of the power plant.

[0004] The automatic start and stop technology of fossil fuel power plants has been repeatedly practiced and accumulated for many years. The automatic start and stop design and application of some power plants have been successful. The relevant technology has a certain amount of research and practical experience, which has laid a good foundation for the ANPS design of nuclear power plant generators. However, compared with coal-fired units in fossil power plants, the start and shutdown process of nuclear power units is more complicated, and the reliability requirements of system operation are also higher. How to make full use of the research experience related to the automatic start and stop technology of fossil power plants and design ANPS technology strategies for nuclear power plants has become a problem that must be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a design method for an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for a nuclear power plant, which can realize automatic start-stop sequence control over the full operating range of the nuclear power plant, closed-loop adjustment of main process parameters, and intelligent monitoring of unit operating status parameters.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A design method for an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for a nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Based on the overall operation procedures of the nuclear power plant and its related operation documents, conduct task analysis on the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant and obtain task analysis results;

[0009] S2. Based on the task analysis results and the existing power plant operation experience, determine the principle of human-machine function allocation during the start-stop operation process and obtain the design scope of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;

[0010] S3. Based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of the nuclear power plant, determine the design principles of the functional group of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant, and perform functional group design within the design scope of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant;

[0011] S4. Design the sequential control process of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the general step logic function block and sequential function flow chart;

[0012] S5. Analyze the changes of main process parameters during the start-up and shutdown of nuclear power plants, and design the closed-loop adjustment function of main process parameters of the automatic start-up and shutdown system of nuclear power plants;

[0013] S6. Design an intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the unit start-up and shutdown process of the automatic start-up and shutdown system of the nuclear power plant based on the key main system process parameters during the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant;

[0014] S7, integrate the automatic start and stop sequence control system of the nuclear power plant, the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system and the intelligent monitoring module to form the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant and realize the automatic start and stop control of the nuclear power plant;

[0015] S8. Design the human-machine interface of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant according to the organizational structure of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;

[0016] S9. Verification and confirmation of the design scheme of the automatic start and stop system of nuclear power plants.

[0017] Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the task analysis of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant described in step S1 is specifically as follows:

[0018] The overall operation tasks of the nuclear power plant startup and shutdown process are decomposed layer by layer. The decomposed levels include the overall goal, sub-goals, second-level sub-goals, operation functions, systems, system sub-functions and equipment of the nuclear power plant startup and shutdown operation.

[0019] Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the human-machine function allocation principle in step S2 includes:

[0020] a) The conventional control system of the power plant and the upper-level automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant jointly realize the control of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant, specifically: when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is not put into use, the conventional control system realizes the control of the start-stop process of the power plant; when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into use, the conventional control system provides support for the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant to realize the automatic start-stop control of the power plant;

[0021] b) Classifying the equipment that meets the automation conditions into the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant;

[0022] c) For safety-related operating operations that must be performed manually, as well as on-site inspection items and regular test items during the unit startup preparation process, manual operation shall be adopted.

[0023] Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the design principles of the automatic start-stop system functional group of the nuclear power plant in step S3 include:

[0024] a) The functional group sets the start-up permission conditions before starting, which include: checking the completion of the preceding steps and the availability of the equipment to be started; checking the operating trend of the process parameters of the key main system of the unit; and checking the operating status of the nuclear safety-related functional groups;

[0025] b) The function group can be independently executed to complete specific control functions, and can also be called during the start-up and shutdown process of the unit;

[0026] c) A manual pause function is set to pause the unexpected automatic start-stop process as soon as possible. After the manual pause function is triggered, the next adjacent device-level control unit will be interrupted.

[0027] Furthermore, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the key main system process parameters include steam turbine power, primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, primary circuit water loading and reactor nuclear power.

[0028] Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the design method of the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant in step S5 is:

[0029] Analyze the change process of each main process parameter during the start-up and shutdown operation of the nuclear power plant, obtain the operation diagram of each main process parameter, and divide the adjustment stage of each main process parameter according to the operation diagram;

[0030] According to the divided adjustment stages of each main process parameter, define the constraint conditions of each adjustment stage;

[0031] Based on the constraint conditions, control rules for main process parameters of the automatic start and stop system of a nuclear power plant are set, thereby realizing the design of closed-loop automatic adjustment function of the main process parameters of the automatic start and stop system of a nuclear power plant in the full operating range.

[0032] Furthermore, in the design method of the automatic start and stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the constraint conditions include the variation range and the adjustment rate of each adjustment stage.

[0033] Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the design method of the intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the unit start-stop process in step S6 is:

[0034] Analyze the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring responsibilities of the operators during the start-up and shutdown process, and determine the key main system process parameters that need to be monitored during the operation of the automatic start-up and shutdown system of the nuclear power plant;

[0035] The key main system process parameters are monitored based on data-driven parameter estimation technology, and the monitoring results are used as one of the start-up permission conditions of each functional group;

[0036] When the operating status of the process parameters of the key main system is abnormal, the execution action of the current functional group is locked and an alarm is issued to prompt the operator to pay attention.

[0037] Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the integrated design method of the automatic start-stop sequence control system of the nuclear power plant and the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system in step S7 is specifically as follows:

[0038] When the automatic start and stop system of a nuclear power plant is put into operation, each regulating loop of the analog control system is set to the automatic position. When the sequential control function group of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant executes the corresponding steps, an automatic start-up instruction is issued to automatically start the corresponding process parameter adjustment system.

[0039] Further, in the design method of the automatic start and stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the human-machine interface of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant in step S8 includes a start mode general interface and a stop mode general interface, and the start mode general interface is used to display an overview of the function groups, arrange the various function groups in the order of start-up according to the process sequence of unit start-up and stop, display all the function groups included in the start-up process, and can directly put the relevant function groups into operation in sequence through the "start" button on the interface.

[0040] The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to the present invention has the following significant technical effects:

[0041] (1) As a special ANPS technical method in the nuclear power field, this design method is suitable for the automatic start and stop system of nuclear power units and can greatly improve the level of automation technology in the nuclear power field.

[0042] (2) Compared with manual operation by the operator, automatic start and stop can save about 5 hours of operating time during the temperature and pressure increase process of the power plant startup phase. Based on a 1000MW electric power meter and the on-grid electricity price of my country's nuclear power plants, for each unit, every hour of start-up or shutdown time saved can generate an economic benefit of RMB 400,000.

[0043] (3) The investment in the ANPS system of a nuclear power plant can reduce the operator's operating load by 40% and the monitoring load by 25% during the start-up and shutdown phases of the nuclear power plant, thereby alleviating the workload of operators and reducing the probability of erroneous or missed operations. At the same time, it reduces the possibility of start-up and shutdown accidents in the nuclear power plant and improves the safety of nuclear power plant operation.

[0044] (4) To realize the ANPS system, the control system is required to complete the whole process control of each system and adopt corresponding control strategies to overcome these unfavorable factors, so that each control parameter has good stability and accuracy, thereby improving the control performance of the nuclear power unit.

[0045] (5) The verification and validation process ensures the correctness and rationality of the ANPS design and effectively improves the quality of the design results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A flow chart of the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for a nuclear power plant provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the human-computer interaction relationship for the start-up and shutdown of a nuclear power plant based on ANPS;

[0048] Figure 3 An example diagram of a sequential function flow in an embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A fishbone diagram showing the change in the average temperature of the primary circuit coolant during the "temperature and pressure increase" stage in the embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the “startup overall interface” of the nuclear power plant ANPS system in the embodiment provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Figure 1 A flow chart of a design method for an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for a nuclear power plant provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown. The method comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Task analysis of the nuclear power plant startup and shutdown process: Based on the overall operating procedures of the nuclear power plant and its related operating documents, perform task analysis on the nuclear power plant startup and shutdown process.

[0054] In order to complete the task analysis of the start-up and shutdown process of a nuclear power plant, this step first needs to be based on the overall operating procedures and related operating documents of mature nuclear power plants, sort out the overall operating tasks of the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant, and decompose them into several sub-tasks. The operating objectives of each sub-task can be achieved through the sub-functions of the relevant systems; then the operating functions are decomposed layer by layer, including the overall goals of the start-up and shutdown operations of the nuclear power plant, sub-goals, second-level sub-goals, operating functions, systems, system sub-functions and equipment, etc. The depth of analysis goes straight to the specific operating equipment.

[0055] Step 2: Determine the design scope of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: Based on the task analysis results of the nuclear power plant start-up and shutdown operation process and the existing power plant operation experience, determine the human-machine function allocation principle during the start-up and shutdown operation process to obtain the design scope of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.

[0056] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the human-machine interaction relationship of the start-up and shutdown operation of a nuclear power plant based on ANPS is shown. The human-machine function allocation principles established by the present invention during the start-up and shutdown operation include:

[0057] a) The control of the start-up and shutdown process of a nuclear power plant can be realized by the conventional control system of the power plant and the upper-level ANPS system control logic. When the ANPS system is not in use, the conventional control system controls the start-up and shutdown process of the power plant; when the ANPS system is in use, the conventional control system provides support for the ANPS system to realize automatic start-up and shutdown control of the power plant;

[0058] b) Sort out the automation conditions of nuclear power process and control equipment, and classify the equipment that meets the automation conditions into the ANPS control system;

[0059] c) Under the requirements of high reliability and high safety of nuclear power plants, manual operation is still used for safety-related operating operations that must be performed manually (including reaching criticality, reactor protection system lockout, atmospheric emission mode switching and water feed switching, etc.) and on-site inspection items and regular test items during the unit startup preparation process.

[0060] Based on the principle of human-machine function allocation during the start-up and shutdown operation, the start-up and shutdown operation task functions of the nuclear power plant are analyzed and screened. After the human-machine function allocation, the nuclear power plant ANPS system needs to perform the corresponding functional scope.

[0061] Step 3: Functional group design of the ANPS control system of the nuclear power plant: Based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of the nuclear power plant, determine the design principles of the ANPS functional group of the nuclear power plant, and carry out the functional group design within the design scope of the ANPS control system of the nuclear power plant.

[0062] The ANPS system adopts a pyramid-type hierarchical control structure. The unit control level does not directly send instructions to the conventional control system to drive the equipment. Instead, it implements the call of the equipment through the management of the functional group. The functional group is the middle link of the entire ANPS. The design principles of the nuclear power plant ANPS functional group established by the present invention are as follows:

[0063] a) The function group sets the start permission conditions before starting. The start permission conditions include:

[0064] From the perspective of step feasibility, check the completion of the preceding steps and the availability of the equipment to be started;

[0065] From the perspective of the overall operating stability of the nuclear power plant, check the operating trends of the key main system process parameters of the unit, including steam turbine power, primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, primary circuit water loading and reactor nuclear power, etc.;

[0066] From a nuclear safety perspective, check the operating status of nuclear safety-related functional groups such as core cooling, primary system integrity and secondary heat sinks.

[0067] b) In order to improve the safety and flexibility of the ANPS system of nuclear power plants, the function group can be executed independently to complete specific control functions, and can also be called during the start-up and shutdown process of the unit;

[0068] c) In order to quickly pause the unexpected automatic start-stop process, a manual pause function is set. After the manual pause function is triggered, the next adjacent device-level control unit will be interrupted.

[0069] Based on the design principle of ANPS functional groups of nuclear power plants, within the design scope of step 2, the functional group design of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is carried out, and all equipment is divided into various functional groups according to the process flow and operation function, so that each functional group can meet the start-up and shutdown operation requirements of each subsystem of the unit.

[0070] Step 4: Design of the sequential control function flow of the ANPS of a nuclear power plant: Based on the general step logic function block and sequential function flow chart, design the sequential control flow of the ANPS of a nuclear power plant.

[0071] The ANPS functional group of a nuclear power plant implements step-by-step control, that is, the start, stop and control of the equipment are realized one by one according to the predetermined operation sequence. First, the instructions, feedback and start permission conditions of each step are sorted out, and then the sequential control process of the ANPS of a nuclear power plant is designed according to the general step-by-step logic function block and sequential function flow chart.

[0072] Step 5. Design of closed-loop regulation function of main process parameters of ANPS system of nuclear power plant: Analyze the change process of main process parameters during the start-up and shutdown of nuclear power plant, divide different parameter adjustment stages, define the range, adjustment rate and other information of each adjustment stage, and design the closed-loop regulation function of main process parameters of ANPS of nuclear power plant.

[0073] This step first analyzes the change process of each main process parameter during the start-up and shutdown operation of the nuclear power plant to obtain the operation fishbone diagram of each main process parameter, which is used to divide the adjustment stage of each main process parameter; then, according to the divided different parameter adjustment stages, the change range, adjustment rate and other constraints of each stage are defined; finally, based on the defined constraints, the control rules of each main process parameter of the ANPS system are set to realize the closed-loop automatic adjustment function of the main process parameters of the nuclear power plant ANPS system in the full operating range.

[0074] Step 6. Design of intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the units during the start-up and shutdown process of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: According to the key main system process parameters during the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant, an intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the start-up and shutdown process of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is set.

[0075] This step first determines the key main system process parameters that need to be monitored during the operation of the nuclear power plant ANPS system by analyzing the start-up and shutdown operation process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring responsibilities of the operator during the start-up and shutdown process; then, based on the data-driven parameter estimation technology, the key main system process parameters during the start-up and shutdown operation are monitored. The monitoring results will be used as one of the start-up permission conditions for each functional group. When the operating status of the process parameters is abnormal, the execution action of the current functional group will be locked and an alarm will be issued to prompt the operator to pay attention, thereby avoiding misoperation of the system and ensuring the safe operation of the power plant.

[0076] Step 7: Integration of the ANPS system of nuclear power plants: Integrate the ANPS sequential control system, main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system and intelligent monitoring module of the nuclear power plant to form the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant and realize automatic start and stop control of the nuclear power plant.

[0077] In order to realize the integrated design of ANPS sequential control system and main process parameter closed-loop regulation system, the concept of “automatic bootstrapping” is proposed, that is, when the ANPS system of a nuclear power plant is put into operation, each regulation loop of the analog control system is set to the automatic position, and when the sequential control function group of the ANPS system executes the corresponding steps, an automatic start-up instruction is issued to automatically start the corresponding process parameter regulation system.

[0078] Step 8: Design of the human-machine interface function of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: Design the human-machine interface of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant according to the organizational structure of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.

[0079] According to the organizational structure of the ANPS system of a nuclear power plant, the start-up mode general interface and the stop mode general interface of the ANPS system of a nuclear power plant are set as the overall appearance of the ANPS system. The interface content includes the operation and control information design of the unit control level; the breakpoint detailed interface and the function group control interface are set, and the interface content includes the operation and control information design of each function group level; the single equipment control level is mainly in the interface associated with the function group step sequence and the corresponding process system interface.

[0080] Step 9: Verification and confirmation of the design scheme of the nuclear power plant ANPS system.

[0081] After completing the entire design plan of steps 1-8, implement the relevant design plan on the nuclear power plant design verification platform, including single module verification and integrated verification, etc. If there are problems in the verification and confirmation process, return to step 1 and make necessary adjustments and optimizations to the original design plan until the functional and performance index requirements are met.

[0082] In order to more clearly describe the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is now given by taking the "primary circuit temperature and pressure increase" stage during the startup process of a large pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant as an example.

[0083] Step 1: Task analysis of the nuclear power plant startup process

[0084] By applying step 1 of the technical solution of the present invention, a task analysis is performed on the "primary circuit temperature and pressure increase" stage during the startup of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant. Based on the overall operating procedures and related documents of mature nuclear power plants, the overall operation tasks of the power plant are decomposed layer by layer, and the depth of analysis reaches the specific operating equipment, which is finally divided into 7 layers. An example of task analysis of the temperature and pressure increase stage during the unit startup process is shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1 Example of overall operation task analysis of heating and pressurization during startup

[0086]

[0087] Step 2: Determine the design scope of the nuclear power plant ANPS system

[0088] Based on the task analysis of the temperature and pressure rise phase during the start-up and shutdown process of a nuclear power plant and the existing power plant operation experience, the human-machine function allocation principle in step 2 of the technical solution of the present invention is applied to determine the design scope of the ANPS system of a nuclear power plant.

[0089] Principle a): The ANPS system is designed based on an independent hardware system and realizes related functions through real-time "information interaction" with the DCS system. When the ANPS system is not put into use, the conventional DCS system and operators will still control the start and stop process of the power plant; when the ANPS system is put into use, the conventional control system will provide support for the ANPS system to jointly realize the automatic start and stop control of the nuclear power plant.

[0090] Principle b): Sort out the automation conditions of nuclear power process and control equipment. Equipment that meets automation conditions, such as main pumps, will be classified into the ANPS control system;

[0091] Principle c): Manual operation is still used for on-site inspection items such as "on-site confirmation of the flow rate through the boron meter" and safety-related operating operations that must be performed manually.

[0092] After the above analysis, the design scope of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is determined.

[0093] Step 3: Functional group design of ANPS control system of nuclear power plant

[0094] Based on the design scope of the ANPS system in step 2, step 3 of the technical solution of the present invention is applied to design the functional group of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.

[0095] Based on the functional group design principle of ANPS of nuclear power plant, the functional group design of ANPS system of nuclear power plant is completed, and then all equipment is divided into various functional groups according to process flow and operation function, so that each functional group can meet the start-up and shutdown operation requirements of each subsystem of the unit.

[0096] Step 4: Design of Sequential Control Functional Flow of ANPS in Nuclear Power Plant

[0097] Based on the analysis of the startup tasks in the temperature and pressure rise phase in step 1 and the functional group design in step 3, the sequential control process of the ANPS of a nuclear power plant is designed by applying step 4 of the technical solution of the present invention. First, the instructions, feedback and startup permission conditions of each step are sorted out, and then the sequential control process of the ANPS of a nuclear power plant is designed according to the general step logic function block and sequential function flow chart.

[0098] Taking the initial step "RCS001PO, 002PO, 003PO operation (using pump heating to continue to increase reactor coolant temperature)" as an example, the corresponding prerequisite is "upward flow control is automatic, downward flow is at the RCV downward orifice plate, RHR is out of operation, isolated from RCS, and steam generator is fed by TFS"; the corresponding next step start condition is "RCS037MP, 039MP rising rate is greater than 0.4MPa / min". The corresponding sequential function flow chart for the temperature and pressure rise stage is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0099] Step 5: Design of closed-loop regulation function of main process parameters of ANPS system of nuclear power plant

[0100] Apply step 5 of the technical solution of the present invention to design the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the ANPS of the nuclear power plant. During the "primary circuit temperature and pressure increase" stage of the nuclear power plant startup process, the average temperature of the primary circuit coolant has strict temperature rise requirements. The corresponding operation fishbone diagram is obtained through analysis as shown in the figure Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the temperature rise process of the average temperature of the primary coolant can be divided into three adjustment stages. Taking the third stage as an example, the temperature range is 180℃-291.7℃. Based on the temperature rise range and related operation constraints, control rules are set, such as: when the nuclear power unit reaches the rated operating condition, the average temperature of the primary coolant reaches 291.7℃ and stops rising. Finally, based on the closed-loop control system of the average temperature of the primary coolant and the set control rules, the closed-loop automatic adjustment function design of the main process parameters of the nuclear power plant ANPS system in the full operating range is completed.

[0101] Step 6. Design of intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the unit start-up and shutdown process of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant

[0102] Apply step 7 of the technical solution of the present invention to set up an intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the start-up and shutdown process of the ANPS system of a nuclear power plant. First, analyze the operation tasks and monitoring responsibilities of the operator in the "primary circuit heating and pressure raising" stage during the startup process of the nuclear power plant, and determine the key main system process parameters that need to be monitored during the operation of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant, such as: primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, etc.; then monitor the key main system process parameters in the "primary circuit heating and pressure raising" stage during the startup process based on data-driven parameter estimation technology, and the monitoring results will be used as one of the startup permission conditions for each functional group. When the operating status of the process parameters is abnormal, the execution action of the current functional group will be locked and an alarm will be issued until the operator confirms it, thereby avoiding system misoperation and ensuring the safe operation of the power plant.

[0103] Step 7: Integrated design of ANPS system for nuclear power plants

[0104] By applying step 7 of the technical solution of the present invention, the integrated design of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is completed, and the automatic control of the temperature and pressure increase stage during the startup process of the nuclear power plant is realized.

[0105] Step 8. Design of Human-Machine Interface Function of ANPS System in Nuclear Power Plant

[0106] Applying step 8 of the technical solution of the present invention, the human-machine interface screen of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is designed. The interface of the ANPS system includes a "startup interface" and a "stop interface", wherein the "startup interface" is organized in a "general-specific" manner, including a "startup overall interface" and multiple "function group interfaces". The "startup overall interface" of the nuclear power plant ANPS system obtained in this embodiment is shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown. The "Startup Overall Interface" is used to display an overview of the function groups. According to the process sequence of unit start and stop, each function group is arranged in the order of start-up, and all function groups included in the startup process are displayed. The "Start" button on the interface can be used to directly put the relevant function groups into operation in sequence. The "circular light" in front of each subgroup indicates the current status of the function group. Green means that the function group has been put into operation, and red means that the function group has not yet been put into operation. At the same time, the square button corresponding to the circular light can be used to call the corresponding "Function Group Interface".

[0107] Step 9: Evaluate whether the design results meet the start-up and shutdown requirements of the nuclear power plant through design verification analysis

[0108] After the entire design is completed, the relevant design is implemented on the nuclear power plant design verification platform, including single module verification and integrated verification. Step 9 of the technical solution of the present invention is used to verify whether the relevant design meets the functional and performance indicators determined at the beginning of the design. If there are problems in the verification and confirmation process, it is necessary to return to step 1 and make necessary adjustments and optimizations to the original design until the functional and performance indicator requirements are met.

[0109] The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant provided by the present invention takes a large commercial pressurized water reactor nuclear power unit as the research object, and also provides a task analysis method of the start-stop process of a nuclear power plant based on the overall operation procedures, a principle of human-machine function allocation in the start-stop operation process of a nuclear power plant, a design principle of the ANPS function group of a nuclear power plant, a design method of the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the ANPS system of a nuclear power plant, and an intelligent state monitoring method for the start-stop process. The ANPS system designed by the present method has the following functions:

[0110] In terms of system control functions, during the start-up and shutdown process of a nuclear power plant, operators only need to do a small amount of manual operations, that is, the relevant equipment of the nuclear power plant automatically operates in the order and time interval specified for safe start-up and shutdown, and operators only need to monitor the execution of each program, thus reducing a lot of tedious operations;

[0111] In the design of ANPS control system, strict safety start conditions are set. No matter it is automatic sequence operation or single equipment automatic operation, as long as the safety start conditions are not met, it will be locked and an alarm will be issued until the operator confirms it, so as to avoid erroneous operation of the system and ensure the safe operation of the power plant.

[0112] In terms of start-stop status monitoring, for the automatic start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant, an intelligent monitoring module for the start-stop process operation status of the unit is set up to perform intelligent dynamic trend monitoring of important operation status parameters during the start-stop operation process. When an abnormal deviation occurs in the change trend of an important operation parameter, the operator is prompted to pay attention to the parameter, take maintenance measures in time or suspend the start-stop procedure being executed to prevent the unit status from deteriorating, thereby improving the safety and economy of the automatic start-stop process of the nuclear power plant.

[0113] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention may also be implemented in other specific ways or other specific forms without departing from the gist or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the described embodiments should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive in any respect. The scope of the present invention should be described by the appended claims, and any changes equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should also be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for a nuclear power plant, comprising the following steps: S1. Based on the overall operation procedures of the nuclear power plant and its related operation documents, perform task analysis on the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant to obtain task analysis results; specifically, decompose the overall operation tasks of the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant layer by layer, and the decomposed levels include the overall goal, sub-goals, second-level sub-goals, operation functions, systems, system sub-functions and equipment of the start-up and shutdown operation of the nuclear power plant; S2. Based on the task analysis results and the existing power plant operation experience, determine the principle of human-machine function allocation during the start-stop operation process and obtain the design scope of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant; S3. Based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of the nuclear power plant, determine the design principles of the functional group of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant, and perform functional group design within the design scope of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant; S4. Design the sequential control process of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the general step logic function block and sequential function flow chart; S5. Analyze the changes of main process parameters during the start-up and shutdown of nuclear power plants, and design the closed-loop adjustment function of main process parameters of the automatic start-up and shutdown system of nuclear power plants; S6. Design an intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the unit start-up and shutdown process of the automatic start-up and shutdown system of the nuclear power plant based on the key main system process parameters during the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant; S7, integrate the automatic start and stop sequence control system of the nuclear power plant, the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system and the intelligent monitoring module to form the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant and realize the automatic start and stop control of the nuclear power plant; S8. Design the human-machine interface of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant according to the organizational structure of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant; S9. Verification and confirmation of the design scheme of the automatic start and stop system of nuclear power plants.

2. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The human-machine function allocation principles in step S2 include: a) The conventional control system of the power plant and the upper-level automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant jointly realize the control of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant, specifically: when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is not put into use, the conventional control system realizes the control of the start-stop process of the power plant; when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into use, the conventional control system provides support for the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant to realize the automatic start-stop control of the power plant; b) Classifying the equipment that meets the automation conditions into the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant; c) For safety-related operating operations that must be performed manually, as well as on-site inspection items and regular test items during the unit startup preparation process, manual operation shall be adopted.

3. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The design principles of the nuclear power plant automatic start and stop system function group in step S3 include: a) The functional group sets the start-up permission conditions before starting, which include: checking the completion of the preceding steps and the availability of the equipment to be started; checking the operating trend of the process parameters of the key main system of the unit; and checking the operating status of the nuclear safety-related functional groups; b) The function group can be independently executed to complete specific control functions, and can also be called during the start-up and shutdown process of the unit; c) A manual pause function is set to pause the unexpected automatic start-stop process as soon as possible. After the manual pause function is triggered, the next adjacent device-level control unit will be interrupted.

4. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The key main system process parameters include steam turbine power, primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, primary circuit water charge and reactor nuclear power.

5. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The design method of the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant in step S5 is: Analyze the change process of each main process parameter during the start-up and shutdown operation of the nuclear power plant, obtain the operation diagram of each main process parameter, and divide the adjustment stage of each main process parameter according to the operation diagram; According to the divided adjustment stages of each main process parameter, define the constraint conditions of each adjustment stage; Based on the constraint conditions, control rules for main process parameters of the automatic start and stop system of a nuclear power plant are set, thereby realizing the design of closed-loop automatic adjustment function of the main process parameters of the automatic start and stop system of a nuclear power plant in the full operating range.

6. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The constraint conditions include the change range and the adjustment rate of each adjustment stage.

7. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The design method of the intelligent monitoring module for the running status of the unit start-stop process in step S6 is: Analyze the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring responsibilities of the operators during the start-up and shutdown process, and determine the key main system process parameters that need to be monitored during the operation of the automatic start-up and shutdown system of the nuclear power plant; The key main system process parameters are monitored based on data-driven parameter estimation technology, and the monitoring results are used as one of the start-up permission conditions of each functional group; When the operating status of the process parameters of the key main system is abnormal, the execution action of the current functional group is locked and an alarm is issued to prompt the operator to pay attention.

8. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The integrated design method of the automatic start-stop sequence control system of the nuclear power plant and the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system in step S7 is specifically as follows: When the automatic start and stop system of a nuclear power plant is put into operation, each regulating loop of the analog control system is set to the automatic position. When the sequential control function group of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant executes the corresponding steps, an automatic start-up instruction is issued to automatically start the corresponding process parameter adjustment system.

9. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The human-machine interface of the automatic start and stop system of the nuclear power plant in step S8 includes a start mode general interface and a stop mode general interface. The start mode general interface is used to display an overview of the function groups, arrange the various function groups in the order of start-up according to the process sequence of unit start-up and stop, display all the function groups included in the start-up process, and can directly put the relevant function groups into operation in sequence through the "start" button on the interface.

Images