A suspended sediment stratified sampling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a suspended sediment stratified sampling device, comprising a plurality of sampling components, a first lifting rope and a second lifting rope; each sampling component comprises a sampling tube, end caps arranged at both ends of the sampling tube, and a control component for controlling the end caps at both ends to remain open or automatically closed; a sleeve is connected to the sampling tube of each sampling component, the sleeve passes through the vertical center of the sampling tube, the lower end of the sleeve of the adjacent upper layer passes through the bottom of the sampling tube and is provided with an inner convex ring, and the upper end of the sleeve of the adjacent lower layer passes through the sleeve of the adjacent upper layer and is provided with an outer convex ring; one end of the first lifting rope passes through the sleeves of each layer in turn and is fixed to the sampling component of the bottom layer, and the other end is connected to the first winch of the lifting device, one end of the second lifting rope is fixed to the sampling component of the top layer, and the other end is connected to the second winch of the lifting device. The invention can reduce the height of the equipment, reduce the volume of the equipment, reduce the lifting height requirement during the sampling process, and is convenient for storage and transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sediment sampling, and in particular to a suspended sediment stratified sampling device. Background Art

[0002] The sediment sampling device is an instrument for taking suspended water samples, bed load and bed sand samples in rivers in order to determine the sediment content, sediment transport rate and sediment particle distribution.

[0003] The devices used for sampling suspended sediment in rivers are mainly divided into two categories: instantaneous and integrated. Among them, the most commonly used instantaneous sampler is the horizontal sampler. The body of the device is a cylinder with an axis parallel to the direction of water flow. End covers are provided at both ends. When sampling, the end covers are opened. After the water flow stabilizes, the switch is operated to close the end covers at the same time to obtain instantaneous water samples.

[0004] When sampling suspended sediment water samples, it is often necessary to perform stratified sampling at different depths of the river water. Traditional suspended sediment samplers can only perform multiple sampling at a single point, which has low sampling efficiency and cannot stratify different depths of river water at the same time, affecting the accuracy of suspended sediment water sample data.

[0005] Chinese utility model patent CN207379770U discloses a water sample collection device for vertical multi-layer hydrological sediment. Although the device can stratify different depths of river water at the same time, the entire device is high in height and large in size. During the sampling process, the lifting height requirement is relatively high, and it is not convenient for storage and transportation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a suspended sediment stratified sampling device to reduce the height of the equipment, reduce the volume of the equipment, reduce the lifting height requirement during the sampling process, and facilitate storage and transportation.

[0007] The present invention provides a suspended sediment stratified sampling device, comprising a plurality of sampling components distributed vertically, each of which comprises a sampling cylinder with openings at both ends, end covers provided at both ends of the sampling cylinder and respectively used to open or close the openings at the corresponding ends of the sampling cylinder, and a control component used to control the end covers at both ends of the sampling cylinder to remain open or automatically close;

[0008] A sleeve is connected to the sampling tube of each group of the sampling components, and the sleeve passes through the vertical center of the sampling tube. The lower end of the sleeve of the adjacent upper layer passes through the bottom of the sampling tube and is provided with an inner convex ring. The upper end of the sleeve of the adjacent lower layer passes through the top of the sampling tube, passes through the inner convex ring of the adjacent upper layer, and is provided with an outer convex ring adapted to fit inside the sleeve of the adjacent upper layer.

[0009] It also includes a first lifting rope and a second lifting rope, one end of the first lifting rope passes through the sleeves of each layer in turn and is fixed to the sampling component of the bottom layer, the other end of the first lifting rope is connected to the first winch of the lifting device, one end of the second lifting rope is fixed to the sampling component of the top layer, and the other end of the second lifting rope is connected to the second winch of the lifting device.

[0010] Furthermore, the casing includes a lower casing section and an upper casing section, the lower casing section passes through the sampling tube, the lower end of the upper casing section is threadedly connected to the upper end of the lower casing section, and the outer convex ring is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the upper casing section.

[0011] Furthermore, the control component includes two rotating frames, two elastic pulling members and a locking mechanism. Hinge seats are provided at the tops of both ends of the sampling tube. Each of the rotating frames is hinged to a corresponding hinge seat. Each of the end covers is fixed to the lower side of a corresponding rotating frame. One end of each of the elastic pulling members is connected to the inner side of an end cover, and the other end of each of the elastic pulling members is fixed to the sleeve in the sampling tube. The locking mechanism is used to lock or release the relative inner ends of the two rotating frames.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic pulling member is a tension spring or an elastic belt.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes an annular cylinder, an annular piston and a pressure ring. The annular cylinder is arranged on the outside of the sleeve, the annular piston is adapted in the annular cylinder, the upper part of the annular cylinder is connected to the air pressure control pipeline, and the pressure ring is connected to the lower end of the annular piston. When the end covers at both ends of the sampling tube are kept open, the lower end of the pressure ring is pressed on the upper side of the relative inner ends of the two rotating frames.

[0014] Furthermore, the air pressure control pipeline includes a high-pressure gas tank and a three-way valve, the output end of the high-pressure gas tank is connected to one interface of the three-way valve through a main pipeline, the other interface of the three-way valve is connected to the upper part of each of the annular cylinders through multiple branch pipelines, and the third interface of the three-way valve is connected to the atmosphere.

[0015] Furthermore, each branch pipeline is also provided with a switch valve.

[0016] Furthermore, a lead fish counterweight is provided on the lower side of the sampling tube at the bottom layer, and the lower end of the first suspension rope passes through the lower end of the sleeve and is connected to the lead fish counterweight.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: in the initial state, the end covers at both ends of each group of sampling components remain open, and each group of sampling components shrinks and overlaps together. When suspended sediment sampling is performed on river water, first, the lifting device lifts the entire device through the first lifting rope and the second lifting rope and lowers it into the river water. After the device reaches the designated position, the second lifting rope hangs the sampling component on the top layer, and at the same time, the first lifting rope is lowered by the first winch. During the lowering of the first lifting rope, the sleeves of each group of sampling components are relatively stretched, thereby widening the distance between each group of sampling components, so that each group of sampling components can be unfolded and lowered to the sampling water depth in turn. After the water flow stabilizes, the end covers at both ends of each group of sampling tubes are controlled to be closed at the same time, and the suspended sediment water sample is intercepted in the sampling tube. After the end covers are completely closed, the first lifting rope is reeled in by the first winch, and the sleeves of each group of sampling components are relatively shrunk, thereby shortening the distance between the groups of sampling components. Finally, the entire device is lifted onto the ship or the shore by the lifting device, and the entire sampling process can be completed.

[0018] The present application can adjust the spacing between the groups of sampling components by controlling the relative extension and retraction of each group of casings by retracting and extending the first lifting rope, thereby ensuring that each group of sampling components can be unfolded and lowered to the sampling water depth when lowering for sampling, and retracted when lifting to lower the height of the equipment and reduce the size of the equipment. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present application reduces the lifting height requirement during the sampling process, and is convenient for storage and transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when lowered into river water;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of each group of sampling components in an embodiment of the present invention when they are unfolded and lowered;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of each group of sampling components in an embodiment of the present invention when completing sampling;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention when the sample is completed and the device is hoisted;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of an air pressure control pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the accompanying drawings, 100-sampling assembly; 110-sampling tube; 120-end cover; 130-control assembly; 131-rotating frame; 132-elastic pulling member; 133-locking mechanism; 1331-annular cylinder; 1332-annular piston; 1333-pressure ring; 134-air pressure control pipeline; 1341-high-pressure gas tank; 1342-three-way valve; 1343-main pipeline; 1344-branch pipeline; 1345-switch valve; 135-hinge seat; 140-casing; 141-inner convex ring; 142-outer convex ring; 143-lower casing section; 144-upper casing section; 200-first lifting rope; 300-second lifting rope; 400-lead fish counterweight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a suspended sediment stratified sampling device, including a plurality of sampling components 100 distributed vertically, and a first suspension rope 200 and a second suspension rope 300 .

[0030] Each set of sampling components 100 includes a sampling cylinder 110 with openings at both ends, end covers 120 provided at both ends of the sampling cylinder 110 and used to open or close the corresponding end openings of the sampling cylinder 110, and a control component 130 used to control the end covers 120 at both ends of the sampling cylinder 110 to remain open or automatically close.

[0031] The sampling tube 110 of each group of sampling components 100 is connected to a sleeve 140, which passes through the vertical center of the sampling tube 110. The lower end of the sleeve 140 of the adjacent upper layer passes through the bottom of the sampling tube 110 and is provided with an inner convex ring 141. The upper end of the sleeve 140 of the adjacent lower layer passes through the top of the sampling tube 110, penetrates into the sleeve 140 of the adjacent upper layer through the inner convex ring 141 of the adjacent upper layer, and is provided with an outer convex ring 142 adapted to be inside the sleeve 140 of the adjacent upper layer.

[0032] One end of the first lifting rope 200 passes through the sleeve 140 of each layer in turn and is fixed to the sampling component 100 of the bottom layer, and the other end of the first lifting rope 200 is connected to the first winch of the lifting device (not shown in the figure). One end of the second lifting rope 300 is fixed to the sampling component 100 of the top layer, and the other end of the second lifting rope 300 is connected to the second winch of the lifting device (not shown in the figure).

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in the initial state, the end caps 120 at both ends of each sampling assembly 100 remain open, and each sampling assembly 100 shrinks and overlaps. When suspended sediment sampling is performed on river water, the lifting device first lifts the entire device through the first lifting rope 200 and the second lifting rope 300 and lowers it into the river water, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, after the device reaches the designated position, the second lifting rope 300 lifts the sampling assembly 100 on the top layer, and at the same time, the first lifting rope 200 is lowered by the first winch. During the lowering process of the first lifting rope 200, the sleeves 140 of each group of sampling assemblies 100 are relatively stretched, thereby widening the distance between each group of sampling assemblies 100, so that each group of sampling assemblies 100 can be unfolded and lowered to the sampling water depth in turn. After the water flow stabilizes, the end covers 120 at both ends of each group of sampling tubes 110 are controlled to be closed at the same time, and the suspended sediment water sample is intercepted in the sampling tube 110. After the end covers 120 are completely closed, the first lifting rope 200 is reeled in by the first winch, and the sleeves 140 of each group of sampling assemblies 100 are relatively contracted, thereby shortening the distance between the groups of sampling assemblies 100. Finally, the entire device is lifted onto the ship or shore by the lifting equipment to complete the entire sampling process.

[0034] The present application can control the relative extension and retraction of each group of sleeves 140 by retracting and extending the first lifting rope 200 to adjust the spacing between each group of sampling components 100, thereby ensuring that each group of sampling components 100 can be unfolded and lowered to the sampling water depth when lowering for sampling, and can be retracted when lifting to reduce the height of the equipment and the size of the equipment. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present application reduces the lifting height requirement during the sampling process, and is convenient for storage and transportation.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the casing 140 includes a lower casing section 143 and an upper casing section 144 . The lower casing section 143 passes through the sampling tube 110 , the lower end of the upper casing section 144 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the lower casing section 143 , and the outer convex ring 142 is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the upper casing section 144 .

[0036] According to the sampling design above, the sampling device can be disassembled into multiple independent sampling components 100, which is further convenient for storage and transportation. When measuring, we can choose the corresponding number of sampling components 100 to assemble together according to the actual water depth. At the same time, we can also choose to assemble upper casing sections 144 of different lengths according to the requirements of different sampling layer heights to adjust the spacing between the sampling components 100 when they are unfolded.

[0037] During assembly, first, thread the bottom upper casing section 144 into the upper end of the lower casing section 143 of the layer, then put the lower casing section 143 of the upper sampling assembly 100 onto the bottom upper casing section 144, the bottom upper casing section 144 passes through the lower casing section 143 of the upper layer, then thread the outer convex ring 142 onto the upper end of the bottom upper casing section 144, and then assemble the above groups of sampling assemblies 100 in sequence according to the above steps until all the sampling assemblies 100 are assembled. It should be pointed out that the top lower casing section 143 does not need to be connected to the upper casing section 144.

[0038] In one embodiment, the control assembly 130 includes two rotating frames 131, two elastic pulling members 132 and a locking mechanism 133. A hinge seat 135 is provided at the top of both ends of the sampling tube 110. Each rotating frame 131 is hinged to a corresponding hinge seat 135. Each end cover 120 is fixed to the lower side of a corresponding rotating frame 131. One end of each elastic pulling member 132 is connected to the inner side of an end cover 120, and the other end of each elastic pulling member 132 is fixed to the sleeve 140 in the sampling tube 110. The elastic pulling member 132 can be a tension spring or an elastic band. The locking mechanism 133 is used to lock or release the relative inner ends of the two rotating frames 131.

[0039] In the present application, the relative inner ends of the rotating frame 131 are locked by the locking mechanism 133 before sampling, and the end covers 120 on both sides remain in an open state. During sampling, the locking mechanism 133 unlocks the rotating frame 131 on both sides, and the end covers 120 on both sides rotate under the action of the elastic pulling member 132 to close the openings at both ends of the end covers 120, thereby completing the sampling.

[0040] Specifically, the locking mechanism 133 includes an annular cylinder 1331, an annular piston 1332 and a pressure ring 1333. The annular cylinder 1331 is arranged on the outside of the sleeve 140, and the annular piston 1332 is adapted in the annular cylinder 1331. The upper part of the annular cylinder 1331 is connected to the air pressure control pipeline 134, and the pressure ring 1333 is connected to the lower end of the annular piston 1332. When the end covers 120 at both ends of the sampling tube 110 are kept open, the lower end of the pressure ring 1333 is pressed on the upper side of the relative inner ends of the two rotating frames 131. When the locking mechanism 133 locks the rotating frame 131, the annular cylinder 1331 is filled with compressed gas, and the compressed gas presses the annular piston 1332 downward, and then presses the relative inner ends of the rotating frames 131 on both sides through the pressure ring 1333. When the locking mechanism 133 unlocks the rotating frame 131, the air pressure control pipeline 134 controls the annular cylinder 1331 to deflate, and the rotating frames 131 on both sides lose the limit of the pressure ring 1333, and are automatically unlocked.

[0041] Preferably, refer to Figure 6 The air pressure control pipeline 134 includes a high-pressure gas tank 1341 and a three-way valve 1342. The output end of the high-pressure gas tank 1341 is connected to one interface of the three-way valve 1342 through the main pipeline 1343. The other interface of the three-way valve 1342 is connected to the upper part of each annular cylinder 1331 through a plurality of branch pipelines 1344. The third interface of the three-way valve 1342 is connected to the atmosphere. When the three-way valve 1342 connects the main pipeline 1343 and each branch pipeline 1344, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas tank 1341 enters each annular cylinder 1331 through each branch pipeline 1344, so that the pressure in the annular cylinder 1331 is maintained to resist the rotating frame 131. When the third interface of the three-way valve 1342 is connected to each branch pipeline 1344, the compressed gas in each annular cylinder 1331 is emptied through the third interface of the three-way valve 1342, thereby realizing the synchronous deflation of each annular cylinder 1331.

[0042] Preferably, each branch pipe 1344 is further provided with a switch valve 1345. When each end cover 120 is opened and reset, the three-way valve 1342 is first connected to the main pipe 1343 and each branch pipe 1344, and the switch valve 1345 on each branch pipe 1344 is kept closed. When resetting the end cover 120 of one group of sampling components 100, the end cover 120 of the group of sampling components 100 is first manually opened and reset, and then the switch valve 1345 on the branch pipe 1344 corresponding to the group of sampling components 100 is opened, and high-pressure gas enters the annular cylinder 1331 of the group of sampling components 100 to drive the pressure ring 1333 of the group of sampling components 100 to press the relative inner end of the rotating frame 131, so as to open and lock the end cover 120 of the group of sampling components 100, and then the end covers 120 of other groups of sampling components 100 are opened and locked in sequence according to the above steps until the end covers 120 of all sampling components 100 are opened.

[0043] In one embodiment, a lead fish counterweight 400 is further provided on the lower side of the bottom sampling tube 110, and the lower end of the first suspension rope 200 passes through the lower end of the sleeve 140 and is connected to the lead fish counterweight 400. The lead fish counterweight 400 can act as a counterweight at the bottom of the device to prevent the "stringed" sampling components 100 from being tilted by the flowing water, thereby keeping them as vertical as possible.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A suspended sediment stratified sampling device, comprising a plurality of sampling components distributed vertically, each of which comprises a sampling cylinder with openings at both ends, end caps provided at both ends of the sampling cylinder and respectively used to open or close the openings at the corresponding ends of the sampling cylinder, and a control component used to control the end caps at both ends of the sampling cylinder to remain open or automatically close, characterized in that: A sleeve is connected to the sampling tube of each group of the sampling components, and the sleeve passes through the vertical center of the sampling tube. The lower end of the sleeve of the adjacent upper layer passes through the bottom of the sampling tube and is provided with an inner convex ring. The upper end of the sleeve of the adjacent lower layer passes through the top of the sampling tube, passes through the inner convex ring of the adjacent upper layer, and is provided with an outer convex ring adapted to fit inside the sleeve of the adjacent upper layer. It also includes a first lifting rope and a second lifting rope, one end of the first lifting rope passes through the sleeves of each layer in turn and is fixed to the sampling assembly at the bottom layer, the other end of the first lifting rope is connected to the first hoist of the lifting device, one end of the second lifting rope is fixed to the sampling assembly at the top layer, and the other end of the second lifting rope is connected to the second hoist of the lifting device; The casing comprises a lower casing section and an upper casing section, the lower casing section passes through the sampling tube, the lower end of the upper casing section is threadedly connected to the upper end of the lower casing section, and the outer convex ring is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the upper casing section; In the initial state, the end caps at both ends of each sampling assembly remain open, and each sampling assembly shrinks and overlaps together. When sampling suspended sediment in river water, the lifting device first lifts the entire device through the first lifting rope and the second lifting rope and lowers it into the river water. After the device reaches the designated position, the second lifting rope hangs the sampling assembly on the top layer, and the first lifting rope is lowered by the first hoist. During the lowering of the first lifting rope, the sleeves of each sampling assembly are relatively stretched, thereby widening the distance between each sampling assembly, so that each sampling assembly can be unfolded and lowered to the sampling water depth in turn. After the water flow stabilizes, the end caps at both ends of each sampling tube are controlled to be closed at the same time, and the suspended sediment water sample is intercepted in the sampling tube. After the end caps are completely closed, the first lifting rope is reeled in by the first hoist, and the sleeves of each sampling assembly shrink relatively, thereby shortening the distance between each sampling assembly. Finally, the entire device is lifted to the ship or shore by the lifting device; During assembly, firstly, the upper casing section of the bottom layer is threadedly inserted into the upper end of the lower casing section of the layer, and then the lower casing section of the sampling assembly of the upper layer is sleeved on the upper casing section of the bottom layer, and the upper casing section of the bottom layer passes through the lower casing section of the upper layer, and then the outer convex ring is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the upper casing section of the bottom layer, and then the above groups of sampling assemblies are assembled in sequence according to the above steps until all the sampling assemblies are assembled; The control assembly includes two rotating frames, two elastic pulling members and a locking mechanism. The tops of the two ends of the sampling tube are provided with hinge seats. Each rotating frame is hinged to a corresponding hinge seat. Each end cover is fixed to the lower side of a corresponding rotating frame. One end of each elastic pulling member is connected to the inner side of an end cover. The other end of each elastic pulling member is fixed to the sleeve in the sampling tube. The locking mechanism is used to lock or release the relative inner ends of the two rotating frames. The locking mechanism comprises an annular cylinder, an annular piston and a pressure ring, wherein the annular cylinder is arranged outside the sleeve, the annular piston is adapted to fit inside the annular cylinder, the upper part of the annular cylinder is connected to the air pressure control pipeline, the pressure ring is connected to the lower end of the annular piston, and when the end covers at both ends of the sampling tube are kept open, the lower end of the pressure ring is pressed on the upper side of the opposite inner ends of the two rotating frames; The air pressure control pipeline includes a high-pressure gas tank and a three-way valve, the output end of the high-pressure gas tank is connected to one interface of the three-way valve through a main pipeline, the other interface of the three-way valve is connected to the upper part of each of the annular cylinders through a plurality of branch pipelines, and the third interface of the three-way valve is connected to the atmosphere; Each branch pipeline is also provided with a switch valve.

2. The suspended sediment stratified sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic pulling member is a tension spring or an elastic belt.

3. The suspended sediment stratified sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lead fish counterweight is also provided on the lower side of the sampling tube at the bottom layer, and the lower end of the first suspension rope passes through the lower end of the sleeve and is connected to the lead fish counterweight.

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