Eyeglass lens for optical imaging unit, and augmented reality glasses

Abstract

The invention relates to a spectacle lens for an optical imaging unit for generating a virtual image of an initial image presented on an image generator. The spectacle lens comprises a body and at least one complementary element mounted on the body. The body consists of a material having a first refractive index n1 and comprises an inner surface facing the eye, an outer surface facing away from the eye, and a light-guiding portion extending between an input coupling portion and an output coupling structure. In the light-guiding portion, the imaging beam path is guided to the output coupling structure by reflection at at least one reflective portion of the inner surface and / or the outer surface. The complementary element is mounted on the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the body and overlaps with at least one reflective portion of the body. A viscous or solid intermediate layer is arranged between the complementary element and the body, at least in the overlapping area of ​​the complementary element and the reflective portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a spectacle lens for an imaging optical unit for generating a virtual image of an initial image presented on an image generator. Furthermore, the invention relates to smart glasses. Background Art

[0002] Smart glasses are a special form of head-mounted display. Conventional forms of head-mounted displays use a screen that is worn in front of the eye and presents computer-generated images or images recorded by a camera to the user. Such head-mounted displays are usually bulky and do not allow direct perception of the surrounding environment. Recently, head-mounted displays have been developed that are able to present images recorded by a camera or computer-generated images to the user without hindering the intuition of the surrounding environment. Such head-mounted displays, hereinafter referred to as smart glasses, facilitate the use of this technology in daily life.

[0003] Smart glasses can be provided in different ways. One type of smart glasses, which is distinguished by its compactness and aesthetic acceptance, is based in particular on the waveguide principle in the spectacle lens. The portion of the spectacle lens that is effectively used for the waveguide is referred to below as a light guide. Here, the light generated by the image generator is collimated outside the spectacle lens and input coupled via the end face of the spectacle lens, from which the light propagates in the light guide to the front of the eye by multiple reflections. Then, the optical element located there outputs the light in the direction of the pupil of the eye. In this case, the input coupling of the spectacle lens and the output coupling of the spectacle lens can be achieved in a diffraction, reflection or refraction manner. In the case of diffraction input or output coupling, a diffraction grating having approximately the same number of lines as the input and output coupling elements is utilized, wherein the strong dispersion effects of the individual gratings are compensated between them. For example, input and output coupling elements based on diffraction gratings are described in US2006 / 0126181A1 and US2010 / 0220295A1. An example of smart glasses with reflective or refractive input or output coupling elements is described in US 2012 / 0002294 A1.

[0004] In the case of impaired vision / refractive error of the eyeglass wearer, this is usually corrected by a spherical, toric or separately shaped surface on the side facing the observer. In the case of smart glasses, the optically active surface of the light guide is located on the rear side of the lens, in this case the personalized area includes said surface and thus causes a change in the surface characteristics required for data imaging. This leads to a reduction in the imaging quality of the input data or even to imaging corruption. In principle, this also applies to the front side of the eyeglasses, such as in the case of, for example, FSP (Front Gradient) eyeglass lenses, or in the case of lenses where the optical correction is separated between the front and rear surfaces.

[0005] Therefore, in order to ensure the imaging quality and individual corrective power of the back surface of the lens without adapting the optical design (i.e., light guide) for each individual corrective effect, output coupling is required so that the light contributing to the imaging continues to be reflected at the required surface shape, and the light that passes through the lens from the outside to the observer's eye can reach the correction area unimpeded and thus obtain the desired correction.

[0006] A second field of application where output coupling is required is the combination of smart glasses with additional near-surface functions. For example, absorption layers or polarization layers or absorbers in the lens volume are often used to implement sunglass functions to reduce the intensity of sunlight reaching the user's eyes. This can also include adaptive systems, such as photochromic layers, electro-optical systems, etc. However, a large absorptivity leads to undesirable side effects, namely that the light that originally contributes to the imaging of the display is reduced too much. Due to reflections in the light guide, the light passes through the absorption layer many times and at relatively flat angles, so that the light used by the display is even reduced by a greater multiple than the undesired sunlight. Further examples of near-surface functions are volume holograms, holographic optical elements (HOEs), diffractive optical elements (DOEs), engravings, coatings, stickers, prints, decorative elements, ornaments, etc. For example, functional layers for eyeglass lenses are described in US 6,231,183 B1.

[0007] WO 2015 / 158833 proposes arranging an air gap or an angle-selective interference layer system between the light channel on the one hand and the front side or the back side on the other hand, in order to couple the light channel out of the front and back sides of the spectacle lens. By coupling the light channel out of the front and back sides of the spectacle lens, the light channel is also protected from scratches, fingerprints, water drops, etc., and thus also impairment of the image transmission caused by environmental influences is avoided.

[0008] However, the air gap and angle-selective interference layer system variants are technically challenging. In the case of air gap solutions, the greatest challenge lies in ensuring mechanical and long-term stability. The optical function can be affected by deformation, environmental influences, migration and diffusion of contaminants or components of the components, and soiling. In the case of angle-selective interference layer systems, the technical challenges lie in mass production (more than 100 individual layers are required) and in ensuring mechanical and thermal stability. Summary of the invention

[0009] Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide an advantageous spectacle lens for an imaging optical unit for generating a virtual image, a second object is to provide an advantageous imaging optical unit, and a third object of the present invention is to provide an advantageous pair of smart glasses.

[0010] The spectacle lens for an imaging optical unit according to the invention comprises a body and at least one complementary element attached to the body, the imaging optical unit being used to generate a virtual image of an initial image presented on an image generator. In this case, the at least one complementary element may be a coating, a film, an optically shaped part, an electro-optical system, etc.

[0011] The body is composed of a body material having a first refractive index n1, at least in the layer adjacent to the at least one complementary element. In particular, this refractive index n1 can be constant over the entire body. Then in particular, the body can be composed of a uniform material. Moreover, the body comprises an inner surface facing the eye, an outer surface facing away from the eye, and a light-guiding portion, wherein the light-guiding portion extends between an input coupling portion and an output coupling structure, the input coupling portion being used to input couple an imaging beam path between the inner surface and the outer surface, and the output coupling structure being used to couple the imaging beam path out of the body. In the light-guiding portion, the input-coupled imaging beam path is guided to the output coupling structure by reflection at at least one reflective portion of the inner surface and / or the outer surface.

[0012] The at least one complementary element is attached to the inner or outer surface of the body, wherein the at least one complementary element overlaps with at least one reflecting portion of the inner and / or outer surface of the body. Between the at least one complementary element and the body, at least in the overlapping area of ​​the at least one complementary element and at least one reflecting portion of the body, a viscous or solid intermediate layer is arranged. Here, the viscous intermediate layer can have a high viscosity, i.e., be sticky, or have a low viscosity, i.e., be too hydrated.

[0013] In the spectacle lens according to the present invention, the material of the viscous or solid intermediate layer has a second refractive index n2 which satisfies the condition n2<n1 sin(θ E ), where θ E denotes the angle of incidence of the rays of the imaging beam path emanating from the incoupling portion and impinging on the at least one reflecting portion, said angle of incidence being selected in such a way that at least 50% of the rays of the imaging beam path, in particular at least 75% of the rays of the imaging beam path, have an angle of incidence θ>θ on the at least one reflecting portion. E However, θ E is preferably selected in such a way that at least 90% of the rays of the imaging beam path, more preferably at least 95% and ideally 100% of the rays have an angle of incidence θ>θ on the at least one reflecting portion E .

[0014] Furthermore, the material of the viscous or solid intermediate layer is preferably selected in such a way that it absorbs less than 20% of the light of the imaging beam path, in particular less than 5% of the light, preferably less than 1% of the light.

[0015] If the above conditions are met, the second refractive index n2 is smaller than the first refractive index n1, so that the critical angle of total internal reflection at the entire at least one reflecting portion is smaller than the incident angle θ of the light emitted from the input coupling portion and incident on the reflecting portion of the imaging beam path E Here, the critical angle and the angle of incidence are measured from the surface normal at corresponding points on the reflective portion of the inner or outer surface of the body. Angle of incidence θ E The angle of incidence of the light ray emitted directly from the input coupling portion or the angle of incidence of the light ray emitted from the input coupling portion and reflected in the light guiding portion by the at least one reflecting portion may be . In the case of light rays incident into the spectacle lens from the surroundings and thus not being part of the imaging beam path, the angle of incidence at the reflecting surface is less than the critical angle and thus such light rays do not undergo total internal reflection at the interface of the light guide and the intermediate layer and may be transmitted through the spectacle lens.

[0016] Preferably, in the entire wavelength range of the imaging beam path, the above condition n2<n1 sin(θ E ) is satisfied in order to obtain the lowest possible losses due to transmission. In addition or as an alternative, the above condition n2<n1 sin(θ E ) is satisfied to be able to produce a true color virtual image. However, in some cases where a true color image is not required, the condition n2 < n1 sin(θ E ).

[0017] In this case, the imaging beam path may also be restricted to this part of the spectrum.Depending on the application, however, a loss of spectral parts of the imaging beam path due to transmission through the reflected part may also be acceptable.

[0018] Via adhesive or solid intermediate layers, light can be coupled out from the front and back sides of the spectacle lens. Compared to air gaps or interference layer systems, the intermediate layers can be produced more easily and have a higher thermal and mechanical stability.

[0019] In an advantageous configuration of the spectacle lens according to the invention, the at least one complementary element has a third refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index, and thus damage caused by ambient light penetrating the spectacle lens can be largely avoided. In the context of this description, corresponding refractive indices are understood to mean refractive indices that differ from each other by no more than 5 parts per thousand, preferably no more than 1 part per thousand.

[0020] In the spectacle lens according to the invention, the viscous or solid intermediate layer only needs to be present in the overlapping area of ​​the at least one complementary element and the at least one reflecting portion of the body. However, from a production point of view, it is advantageous if the viscous or solid intermediate layer is present in the entire area in which the at least one complementary element is attached to the body. This eliminates the necessity of arranging intermediate layers with different materials in different contact areas. Moreover, the transitions between intermediate layers of different materials are visible at the lateral boundaries between these intermediate layers due to the changes in the refractive index (because the ambient light passing through the spectacle lens is refracted differently by these intermediate layers). This is not necessarily annoying if the boundaries between the intermediate layers are located at the edge of the field of vision. However, if the viscous or solid intermediate layer is present in the entire area in which the at least one complementary element is attached to the body, the intermediate layer will only produce a uniform refraction of all ambient light, which cannot be noticed by the wearer of the glasses and therefore has no annoying effect.

[0021] In the spectacle lens according to the invention, the body may comprise a surface layer at least in the region of the light-guiding portion. Here, the surface layer of the body may comprise, for example, at least one layer, which adjoins the viscous or solid intermediate layer, made of a material having the first refractive index or a material having a refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index. Such a surface layer on at least one region of the light-guiding portion enables, for example, the filling of the outcoupling structures (including any functional layers present), which are usually formed in the outer surface of the spectacle lens, for example as Fresnel structures, without filling and deflecting the ambient light transmitted through the outcoupling element due to the difference in refractive index with the body material. If filling were to be performed with the material of the viscous or solid intermediate layer, such filling would be visible due to the difference in refractive index with the body material and due to the varying filling thickness, and such filling would deflect the ambient light transmitted through the spectacle lens. Due to the application of a refractive index-matched surface layer in the region of the outcoupling portion, an outer surface of the light-guiding portion having an optically flat surface can be ensured, and the intermediate layer can thus form a layer with a uniform thickness on this optically flat surface.

[0022] The intermediate layer will then only produce a uniform refraction of all ambient light in the area in which it is present, which uniform refraction cannot be noticed by the wearer of the glasses and therefore has no annoying effect. The surface layer of the body can also consist of a plurality of layers, wherein these layers consist of a material having a refractive index greater than a second refractive index. Next, the layers adjacent to the viscous or solid intermediate layer consist of a material having a first refractive index or a material having a refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index. The refractive index of these layers increases starting from the layers adjacent to the viscous or solid intermediate layer. In this way, the angle of incidence to the viscous or solid intermediate layer can be gradually increased, and therefore, when the imaging beam path enters the light guide, the angle of incidence entering the light guide can be smaller than in the case of no surface layer with these layers. The same effect can also be achieved in the following case, where instead of a surface layer with a plurality of layers, a surface layer made of a material having a refractive index gradient is used, wherein the lowest refractive index corresponds to the first refractive index, and the surface layer is oriented in a certain way so that in the case of the lowest refractive index, the surface layer is adjacent to the viscous or solid intermediate layer.

[0023] In an advantageous development of the spectacle lens according to the invention, a film or a shaped part having a thickness in the range of, for example, 10 μm to 2 mm, preferably in the range of 100 μm to 1 mm, in particular in the range of 200 μm to 500 μm, may be present between the adhesive or solid intermediate layer and the body, or between the adhesive or solid intermediate layer and the surface layer of the body. Although these do not necessarily have to have a refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index, it is advantageous if the refractive index of the film material corresponds to the first refractive index. The film can simplify the production of the spectacle lens to the extent that the film can be used as a permanent or temporary form when the intermediate layer is cured and it predetermines the geometry. A further advantage of the film is that the intermediate layer can be applied to the film first and then to the surface layer of the body. Moreover, this contributes to a greater choice of materials, since the film can be used as an adhesive so that the material of the intermediate layer does not necessarily have to have good adhesion to the material of the surface layer or to the material of the body. The film can also be advantageous when using special UV-curing adhesives, since in this case the exposure can be carried out with exclusion of oxygen.

[0024] However, the material of the viscous or solid intermediate layer itself can also be an adhesive, by means of which, for example, the complementary element is fastened to the main body. Alternatively, there is also the option of the surface layer being an adhesive, by which the viscous or solid intermediate layer, or the film to which the intermediate layer is applied, is adhesively bonded to the main body. In principle, it is also possible to implement the viscous or solid intermediate layer and the surface layer as an adhesive.

[0025] As already described with reference to the film, the adhesive or solid intermediate layer can be applied to the carrier material and then attached to the body together with the carrier material. However, the carrier material does not necessarily need to be a film. For example, a complementary element can also be used as a carrier material for the adhesive or solid intermediate layer.

[0026] At least one reflective portion of the inner and / or outer surface of the body may have a free shape. Here, a free shape is understood to mean a surface that can be freely defined and does not necessarily have to be describable as a sphere or a toric surface or any other regular geometric shape. In this way, the reflective portion of the light-guiding portion can manipulate the imaging beam path so that they can adopt a function of jointly forming or correcting the image. In the case of a free-form surface, θ E should be chosen in such a way that at least 50% of the rays of the imaging beam path, in particular at least 75% of the rays of the imaging beam path, have an angle of incidence θ>θ at every point of the free-form surface. E , so as not to impair the effect of the free-form surface that is jointly formed or corrective imaging. Preferably, θ E is chosen in such a way that at least 90% of the rays of the imaging beam path, more preferably at least 95% and ideally 100% of the rays have an angle of incidence θ>θ at every point on the free-form surface. E . It should be noted here that the rays of the imaging beam path do not have to be perfectly collimated, but can typically have a small divergence, wherein, for example, an outcoupling structure ensures the final collimation of the imaging beam path outcoupling in the direction of the eye. In contrast, in the case of purely reflective surfaces without jointly forming or correcting the imaging function, the imaging beam path can be directly collimated as long as a required percentage of the rays have an incident angle θ>θ on the entire reflective surface. E , then there may be less than the required percentage of rays with incident angles θ>θ E Here, the incident angle θ>θ E The fewer the rays, the less than the required percentage of rays have an incident angle θ>θ E The smaller the spatial size of the region should be, the smaller the spatial intensity variation of the virtual image should be kept below the perception threshold.

[0027] If the inner and / or outer surface of the body has a freeform shape in the region of the light-guiding portion, but the spectacle lens should have an optically flat spherical surface on its outer side, this can lead to variations in the thickness of the viscous or solid intermediate layer. In the case of high curvatures of the freeform surface, the perception of the surroundings through the spectacle lens can be impaired. In this case, it is advantageous if the viscous or solid intermediate layer has a uniform thickness and that a covering layer is applied on the side of the viscous or solid intermediate layer facing away from the body, the covering layer consisting of a material with a fourth refractive index, wherein the fourth refractive index corresponds to the first refractive index and the covering layer has an optically flat spherical surface on its side facing away from the viscous or solid intermediate layer.

[0028] The imaging optical unit according to the invention is distinguished by comprising at least one spectacle lens according to the invention.

[0029] A pair of smart glasses according to the present invention is distinguished by comprising at least one imaging optical unit according to the present invention.

[0030] The advantages obtainable by the imaging optical unit according to the invention and the advantages obtainable by the smart glasses according to the invention immediately emerge from the advantages obtained by the spectacle lenses according to the invention. Reference is therefore made to these advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Further features, properties, and advantages of the present invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 A pair of smart glasses is shown in perspective view.

[0033] Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows Figure 1 Eyeglass lenses and input coupling devices for smart glasses.

[0034] Figure 3 An example of an output coupling structure in a spectacle lens is shown.

[0035] Figures 4 to 12 Examples of variations of spectacle lenses according to the invention are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The invention will be described below using the example of a pair of smart glasses having a spectacle lens according to the invention. The spectacle lens is part of an imaging optical unit for generating a virtual image of an initial image presented on an image generator. Figure 1 A corresponding pair of smart glasses 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 In FIG. 4 , an imaging optical unit with a spectacle lens 3 is shown highly schematically.

[0037] Smart glasses 1 include two spectacle lenses 3, 5, which are held by a spectacle frame 7 having two spectacle temples 9, 11. These spectacle lenses each include a body 41, which has an inner surface 13 (in the case of the glasses) directed toward the user's eyes when the glasses are worn. Figure 2 and the outer surfaces 17, 19 facing away from the user's eyes (visible in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the current exemplary embodiment, the image generator 21 (in Figure 21 ) is located in the temple 9 of the glasses or between the temple 9 of the glasses and the glasses lens 17, the image generator can be implemented as a liquid crystal display (LCD or LCoS display, LCoS: liquid crystal on silicon), a display based on light emitting diodes (LED display), or a display based on organic light emitting diodes (OLED display). An input coupling device 23 is arranged between the image generator 21 and the glasses lens 3 as part of the imaging optical unit, the input coupling device having an input surface 24, a first mirror surface 27 and a second mirror surface 29, and can be implemented as a prism made of glass or transparent plastic, wherein the incident surface 24 and the mirror surfaces 27, 29 are formed by the surface of the prism. Like the prism forming the input coupling device 23, the body 41 of the glasses lens 3 can be made of organic glass, that is, transparent plastic. However, it is also possible to produce it with mineral glass or any other transparent inorganic material. With the help of the input coupling device 23, the imaging beam path emitted from the image generator can be input coupled between the inner surface 13 and the outer surface 17 of the body via the input coupling portion 25 of the body 41.

[0038] In the present exemplary embodiment, the blocks forming the input coupling means 23 and the spectacle lens 3 are formed as separate units and subsequently bonded to one another. However, the two units can also be produced as an integral component by forming or machining. Here, the blocks forming the input coupling means 23 and the spectacle lens 3 can be made of the same material or of different materials.

[0039] In addition to coupling the imaging beam path originating from the image generator 21 into the eyeglass lens 3, the input coupling device 23 can also be used to collimate the divergent beams of the imaging beam path that emanate from the pixels of the initial image presented by the image generator 21. To this end, the incident surface 24, the first mirror surface 27 and the second mirror surface 29 can have correspondingly curved surfaces. For example, the incident surface 24 can be implemented as an elliptical surface, while the two mirror surfaces 27, 29 are each implemented as a hyperbolic surface. The eyeglass lens 3 and the input coupling device 23 together form an imaging optical unit of the smart glasses 1, which generates a virtual image of the initial image presented on the image generator 21.

[0040] The imaging beam path collimated by the entrance surface 24 and the two mirror surfaces 27, 29 is coupled into the body 41 via the input coupling device 23, via the input coupling portion 25 of the body 41, between the inner surface 13 and the outer surface 17. In the body 41, the imaging beam path is then guided by total internal reflection at the outer surface 17 and the inner surface 13 of the body 41 to the output coupling structure, which is implemented as a Fresnel structure 31 in the present case. The collimated imaging beam path is coupled out of the Fresnel structure 31 in a manner by reflection in the direction of the inner surface 17 of the body 41, so that it emerges from the eyeglass lens 3 through it in a refracted manner in the direction of the output pupil 33 of the imaging optical unit. When the smart glasses 1 are worn, the output pupil 33 is located at the position of the pupil 35 of the user's eye.

[0041] exist Figure 3 An example of a Fresnel structure 31 that can be used in an imaging optical unit of smart glasses 1 is described in . The shown Fresnel structure 31 has a plurality of facets 39, which in the current exemplary embodiment are oriented in such a way that light rays of an imaging beam path incident on the facets 39 are not reflected in the direction of the inner surface 17 of the body 41. In the current exemplary embodiment, the facets 39 are partially mirror-like, and thus light beams originating from the surroundings can pass through the partially mirror-like facets 39 in the direction of the output pupil 33. In this way, a beam path exists in the region of the output pupil 33, wherein the imaging beam path has a beam path originating from the surroundings superimposed thereon, so that a user wearing smart glasses 1 provided with an imaging optical unit has the impression that a virtual image floats in the surroundings.

[0042] On the path to the Fresnel structure 31, after the input coupling of the imaging beam path, there are four total internal reflection instances in the body 41, wherein the first total internal reflection occurs at the reflection portion R1 of the outer surface 17 of the body 41, the second total internal reflection occurs at the reflection portion R2 of the inner surface 13 of the body 41, the third total internal reflection also occurs at the reflection portion R3 of the outer surface 17 of the body 41, and finally the fourth total internal reflection also occurs at the reflection portion R4 of the inner surface 13 of the body 41. The Fresnel structure 31 is located in the outer surface of the body 41, and the imaging beam path is reflected onto the Fresnel structure by the fourth reflection portion R4. Then, as described above, the imaging beam path is coupled out from the eyeglass lens 3 in the direction of the output pupil of the imaging optical unit through the Fresnel structure 31. Figure 3The central ray and two marginal rays of a diverging light beam emitted from the image generator 21 are shown. Due to the collimation achieved by the incoupling device 23 forming the collimating optical unit, a largely collimated beam path is present in the spectacle lens 3, which is then coupled out via the Fresnel structure 31 as a largely collimated beam path.

[0043] In the present exemplary embodiment, the spectacle lens 3 comprises a complementary element in the form of a corrective lens 43 arranged at the body 41, said corrective lens compensating for the ametropia of the user of the smart glasses. Like the body 41, the corrective lens 43 can be made of organic glass or mineral glass, attached to the body 41 by an adhesive layer 45, which forms an intermediate layer between the body 41 and the corrective lens 43. Here, the material of the body has a first refractive index n1, and the adhesive of the adhesive layer 45 has a second refractive index n2. The refractive index of the material of the corrective lens can in particular, but need not, correspond to the first refractive index n1 of the body material.

[0044] Total internal reflection can occur at the inner surface 13 of the main body 41 forming the interface between the main body 41 and the adhesive layer 45, and the incident angle θ of the light of the imaging beam path is E The surface normal of the element relative to the surface on which total internal reflection occurs must be greater than the critical angle θ for total internal reflection to occur. G Here, the critical angle is determined by the ratio of the first refractive index n1 (ie, the refractive index of the material of the body 41) to the second refractive index n2 (the refractive index of the adhesive layer 45 of the intermediate layer), and it can be calculated according to the following equation:

[0045] θ G =arcsin(n2 / n1) (1).

[0046] For a given design of the body 41 and the incoupling device 23, the angle of incidence θ of the rays of the imaging beam path on the reflective surface element is E The refractive index n1 of the material of the body 41 is known. To allow total internal reflection to occur, the refractive index n2 of the intermediate layer 45 formed by the adhesive now needs to be selected in such a way that the critical angle θ G Less than the incident angle θ E If the inequality

[0047] n2<n1 sin(θ E ) (2).

[0048] is satisfied at the reflective surface element, then this point is satisfied. Since sin(θ E ) is always less than or equal to 1, so the second refractive index n2 must be smaller than the first refractive index n1. Here, how much smaller than n1 depends on the angle of incidence θ on the surface elementE , and thus depends on the design of the body 41 and the input coupling means 23. Now, within the scope of the present invention, the angle of incidence θ is set E , the incident angle is selected in such a way that at least 50% of the rays of the imaging beam path, in particular at least 75% of the rays of the imaging beam path, have an incident angle θ>θ in the reflected portion E In the current exemplary embodiment, the incident angle θ E is selected in such a way that at least 90% of the rays of the imaging beam path, more preferably at least 95% and ideally 100% of the rays have an angle of incidence θ>θ in the reflected portion E Therefore, by means of inequality (2), based on the set incident angle θ E Finally, based on the established refractive index n2, a material having a suitable refractive index can be selected for the intermediate layer.

[0049] In the reflective portion, as long as 90% (or 50%, 75%, 95% or 100%) of the light rays have an incident angle θ>θ E , there can be a region where less than 90% (or 50%, 75%, 95% or 100%) of the rays in the imaging beam path have an incident angle θ>θ E , and 90% (or 50%, 75%, 95% or 100%) of the light rays have an incident angle θ>θ E These regions of θ are kept so small in space that the spatial intensity variations of the virtual image are not perceived or at least not annoying. Here, less than 90% (or 50%, 75%, 95% or 100%) of the light rays have an angle of incidence θ>θ E The larger these regions can be spatially, the larger the angle of incidence θ>θ in these regions. E The closer the proportion of light is to the desired percentage.

[0050] If the reflective portion is a free-form surface that is co-formed or corrected for imaging, then θ E is selected in such a way that at least 90% (or 50%, 75%, 95% or 100%) of the rays of the imaging beam path have an angle of incidence θ>θ at every point of the free-form surface E , so as not to impair the effect of the free-form surface that jointly forms or corrects the image. It should be noted here that the light of the imaging beam path is usually not completely collimated, but typically has a small divergence, which is eliminated by the outcoupling structure, for example by the final collimation of the outcoupling of the imaging beam path in the direction of the eye.

[0051] In the present exemplary embodiment, the body 41 is composed of glass having a first refractive index n1=1.7. The minimum incident angle θ E is approximately 55° and the binder material of the intermediate layer 45 has a second refractive index n2=1.3. Therefore, the critical angle for total internal reflection is 49.9°, i.e. 50° in integer. Therefore, it is clear that total internal reflection occurs at an incident angle of 55°. In order for total internal reflection to occur at an incident angle of 55°, the second refractive index n2 according to equation 2, i.e. the second refractive index of the binder material, must not exceed a value of 1.39. At other incident angles θ E In case of a different refractive index n1 of the host material, a different upper limit on the refractive index n2 of the binder material will occur.

[0052] If there are a plurality of reflection portions where total internal reflection occurs in the region of the body 41 (in the present exemplary embodiment, total internal reflection occurs in the reflection portions R2 and R4 of the inner surface 13), the incident angle θ is set for each of the reflection portions R2 and R4. E1 ,θ E2 , where the incident angle θ E1 and θ E2 is selected in such a way that at least 75%, preferably 90%, further preferably at least 95%, and ideally 100% of the light rays of the imaging beam path have an incident angle θ>θ at the corresponding reflecting portion R2, R4, respectively E2 and θ>θ E4 For the purpose of establishing the refractive index n2 of the intermediate layer material, these incident angles θ E2 ,θ E4 The minimum incident angle in is chosen to be the incident angle θ inserted into inequality (2) E This ensures that the refractive index n2 established is appropriate for each reflecting portion.

[0053] Reference according to the present invention Figure 2The example of the spectacle lenses described is only equipped with a corrective lens 43 for correcting ametropia, which is fastened to the body 41 by a layer 45 made of a low-refractive-index adhesive. However, in addition to the corrective lens 43 or as an alternative thereto, other complementary elements may also be attached to the body 41. Examples of complementary elements that are not (organic or mineral) glass are films or coatings applied to the body 41. These may cover the entire body 41 or only a portion thereof. Moreover, complementary elements may fulfill different functions. For example, they may be used to prevent the spectacle lenses from being covered with water vapor (anti-fog function), to color or silver the glasses, to produce polarization, or to produce or change the color tone of the spectacle lenses depending on the amount of incident ultraviolet light (for example, as a photochromic coating). In addition, electrochromic layers (which change the light transmittance if a voltage is applied), electro-optical systems, signatures / engravings, diffractive optical elements (DOE), holographic optical elements (HOE) and ornaments / decorative elements may be applied to the body 41 as complementary elements. Naturally, there is also the option of combining the body 41 with a plurality of the above-mentioned complementary elements.

[0054] Exemplary materials for the body 41 and / or for complementary elements made of glass are transparent organic glass or mineral glass, wherein in principle, in addition to materials similar to inorganic glass, crystalline or ceramic materials (e.g., oxides, halides) can also be utilized. Specifically, transparent organic thermoplastics such as PC (polycarbonate), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), microcrystalline PA (polyamide) and COP / COC (cyclic olefin polymers and copolymers); and transparent thermosetting materials, for example based on acrylates, polyurethanes, polyureas, polythiourethanes and ADC (allyl diglycol carbonate) can be used as organic glass.

[0055] In principle, structural adhesives or pressure-sensitive adhesives with sufficient transparency in the relevant spectral range can be used as adhesives. Examples for this purpose are found in acrylates, urethanes, epoxy / amines, epoxy / thiols and thiols, with sulfur-containing materials being discussed in particular for higher refractive index adhesives with a refractive index of more than approximately 1.54.

[0056] In particular, from the group of low-refractive-index materials and LSR (liquid silicone rubber) fluorinated acrylates and fluorinated urethane acrylates are mentioned, with which refractive indices as low as 1.32 can be achieved. These adhesives are particularly suitable as intermediate layer 45 .

[0057] exist Figure 2In the exemplary embodiment shown in , an adhesive layer 45 with a second refractive index n2 is present over the entire contact surface between the body 41 and the corrective lens 43. However, total internal reflection only needs to occur in the light-guiding portion 47 of the body 41, i.e. in the region between the input coupling portion 25 and the output coupling structure 31. Therefore, in principle, a different adhesive with a higher refractive index can also be used outside this light-guiding portion 47, in particular an adhesive with a refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index n1 of the body material. However, from a manufacturing point of view, it is advantageous to use the same adhesive layer 45 over the entire contact surface. In addition, Figure 2 The corrective lens 43 is shown extending all the way to the input coupling portion 25 of the body 41. If the corrective lens 43 does not extend all the way to the input coupling portion 25, but for example only extends to a point between the reflective portions R2 and R4, the adhesive layer 45 does not need to extend all the way to the input coupling portion, because the inner surface 13 of the body 41 has a contact surface with air, where the corrective lens 43 is not present, the refractive index is substantially 1.0, and therefore even in the absence of an adhesive layer, the conditions for total internal reflection are met in this area.

[0058] See below Figures 4 to 12 Examples of spectacle lenses having different configurations of low refractive index intermediate layers are described.

[0059] Figure 4 A spectacle lens is shown in which, in addition to the corrective lens 43 on the inside of the body 41, a film 49 is applied as a complementary element to the outer surface 17 of the body 41. Like the corrective lens 43, the film 49 is attached to the body 41 via an adhesive layer 51. The adhesive of the adhesive layer 51 has a refractive index n2 which is selected according to equation 2 and thus produces a total internal reflection of the imaging beam path which is input coupled into the body 41 via the input coupling portion 25 at the outer surface 7 of the body 41.

[0060] In the Figure 3 In the region of the outcoupling structure 31 formed by the Fresnel structure shown, a filler 53 (the refractive index of the filler material corresponds to the first refractive index n1, i.e. the refractive index of the host material) is located between the surface of the Fresnel structure and the intermediate layer formed by the adhesive layer 51. By adapting the refractive index of the filler material to the refractive index n1 of the host material, it can be avoided that the outcoupling structure 31 is visible when ambient light shines through it and thus creates a disturbing visual impression.

[0061] By way of example, the film 49 may be a sunglass component having an absorbing, reflecting or polarizing coating or color for reducing transmission through the eyeglass lens 3. Here, the coating or color may already be present before the film 49 is adhesively bonded to the body 41, or the coating or color may be applied to the body or introduced into it after the film 49 is adhesively bonded to the body 41.

[0062] Figure 5 It is shown in Figure 4 A development of the embodiment variant shown in FIG. Figure 4 The variant shown in FIG. 4 differs in that the adhesive layer, by means of which the film 49 is fastened to the body 41 , is split in two. In the light-guiding part, i.e. in the region between the outcoupling structure 31 and the incoupling part 25 , the light is guided by means of a coupling element 25 . Figure 4 Thus, in the region of the light-guiding portion, the adhesive layer corresponds to Figure 4 In the embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive layer 51 is provided in the outcoupling structure 31. In contrast, outside the outcoupling structure 31, an adhesive layer 55 with an adhesive is used, which also serves as a filler for the Fresnel structure. The adhesive has a refractive index that matches the first refractive index n1. Although a separation line 56 between the two adhesives can be seen in this variant, this separation line 56 is usually located outside the central field of vision and is therefore not particularly annoying to the eyeglass wearer.

[0063] Figure 6 Shows Figure 4 . In this embodiment variant, an adhesive layer 55 of index-matched adhesive extends across the entire outer surface of the body 41. Due to the fact that the refractive index of the index-matched adhesive matches the refractive index n1 of the body material, this layer does not hinder viewing through the spectacle lens 3. Next, an adhesive layer 51 made of an adhesive with a second refractive index n2 is arranged across the adhesive layer 55 of index-matched adhesive. Since the refractive index of the index-matched adhesive layer 55 corresponds to the refractive index of the body material, the interface between the index-matched adhesive layer 55 and the adhesive layer 51 with the second refractive index n2 has the same properties as the interface between the body 41 and the adhesive layer 51 (presented in FIG. 1 ). Figure 4 The critical angle θ is basically the same as G Since the refractive index of the adhesive layer 55 matches the refractive index n1 of the host material 41, the refractive index-matched adhesive layer 55 can be considered as a part of the host 41 in terms of its optical appearance. It should be noted here that the refractive indices that match each other do not differ from each other by more than 5 parts per thousand, preferably by at most 1 part per thousand, as already mentioned before. These differences lead to the critical angle θ GThere are small deviations from the critical angles established according to equation 1 for the interface between the index-matched adhesive layer 55 and the adhesive layer 51 having the second refractive index n2 on the one hand, and for the interface between the body 41 and the adhesive layer 51 having the second refractive index n2 on the other hand. However, these small deviations can be ignored within the scope of the present invention, and therefore these critical angles can be considered to be the same within the scope of the present invention.

[0064] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive layer 51 extends across the entire index-matched adhesive layer 55. However, there is also the option of providing the adhesive layer 51 only in the light-guiding portion of the spectacle lens 3, i.e. in the portion of the spectacle lens extending between the incoupling portion 25 and the outcoupling structure 31. Then, in the remaining portion, the index-matched adhesive layer 55 is thicker than in the light-guiding portion in order to compensate for the thickness of the adhesive layer with the second refractive index n2 which is also present in the light-guiding portion. Although in this variant a lateral separation line between the two adhesives can still be seen when ambient light shines through the spectacle lens 3, this separation line (which is not the same as the thickness of the adhesive layer) is not visible in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 The dividing line 56 in FIG. 1 (like the dividing line 56 in FIG. 1 ) is usually located outside the central visual field and is therefore not particularly annoying to the eyeglass wearer.

[0065] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment, the adhesive layer 51 having the second refractive index n2 is directly applied to the refractive index matching adhesive layer 55. Figure 7 As shown, there is also the option of having the film 57 located between the index-matched adhesive layer 55 and the adhesive layer 51 having the second refractive index n2. The film 57 does not necessarily have to have a refractive index that matches the refractive index of the index-matched adhesive layer 55. If the refractive index of the film 57 is different from that of the index-matched adhesive layer 55, and if it has a uniform thickness as in the current example, this only produces a refraction with a uniform effect over the entire layer and therefore does not impair the visual perception. However, in the case of the film 57, the condition that total internal reflection occurs at the interface between the film 57 and the adhesive layer 51 having the second refractive index n2, which must be met, applies. However, the film 57 can also match the refractive index of the adhesive layer 55 located below it and therefore match the first refractive index n1. In this case, the critical angle θ G equal Figure 4 The critical angle of the interface between the main body 41 and the adhesive layer 51.

[0066] If the adhesive of the refractive index matching adhesive layer 55 and the adhesive of the layer 51 with the second refractive index n2 only adhere poorly to each other, the film 57 contributes to a larger selection of material combinations because it can be used as an adhesion-imparting layer. Moreover, from the production point of view, the film provides advantages because at least the adhesive layer 51 with the second refractive index n2 can be applied to the film before the film 57 is applied to the refractive index matching adhesive layer 55. The film can simplify the production of eyeglass lenses to the extent that the film can be used as a certain shape when the intermediate layer is cured, and it predetermines the geometry. It is also conceivable to use such a film only for curing and then removing it. In this case, the surface of the film is treated in a certain way so that the film can easily fall off from the intermediate layer again. Moreover, before the entire layer system is applied to the refractive index matching adhesive layer 55, it is also possible to apply the functional layer 49 (in the form of another film or in the form of a coating) to the adhesive layer 51 with the second refractive index n2. In addition or as an alternative thereto, there is the option of pre-applying an index-matching adhesive layer 55 to the film 57 and subsequently adhesively bonding the film 57 to the body 41 by means of the index-matching adhesive layer 55. In a further alternative, an adhesive may be applied to both components, the film 57 and the body 41, wherein these components are subsequently connected together.

[0067] Figure 8 A variant of an eyeglass lens 3 is shown, in which an adhesive layer 51 with a low-refractive-index adhesive is adhesively bonded to a film 57 as a carrier material by means of a further adhesive layer 59, which consists of an adhesive layer, the refractive index of which is matched to the refractive index n1 of the main material. The film 57 itself is in turn adhesively bonded to the main body 41 via an adhesive layer 55 with an adhesive, the refractive index of which is matched to the refractive index of the main material. Here, the adhesive layer 55 also serves to fill the Fresnel structure 31. This may be advantageous in particular if the low-refractive-index adhesive cannot be easily applied to the main body 41 and / or the film 57 due to its chemical composition, viscosity, curing time, curing method, robustness in the cured state or other properties. Therefore, an adhesive layer 61 with a refractive index that is matched to the refractive index of the main material is provided in the Figure 8 The lens 43 is also arranged between the body 41 and an adhesive layer 45 having a low refractive index adhesive adjacent to the corrective lens 43.

[0068] Fig. 9 A further embodiment variant of a spectacle lens 3 according to the invention is shown in FIG. Figure 4The embodiment variant shown in differs in that an adhesive layer 51 with a low-refractive-index adhesive is applied directly to the surface of the body 41 and this low-refractive-index adhesive is also used to fill the Fresnel structure 31. Next, a film 49 forming a functional element is applied to this low-refractive-index adhesive. Variations in the thickness of the low-refractive-index adhesive layer 51 in the region of the Fresnel structure 31 impair the view through the eyeglass lens 3. However, this would not be or would hardly be annoying if the Fresnel structure 31 were arranged in a region of the body 41 that is outside the central field of vision when the eye is looking straight ahead. However, in Fig. 9 In the variant shown, the quality of the virtual image is not impaired.

[0069] Fig.10 A spectacle lens 3 is shown, wherein the inner surface 13 and the outer surface 17 have free-form surfaces 63 and 65 in the region of the light-guiding portion, i.e. between the incoupling portion 25 and the outcoupling structure 31, wherein the depressions in these surfaces resulting from the free-form surfaces 63, 65 are filled by adhesive layers 45 and 51 made of a low-refractive-index adhesive, so that a spherical surface is produced, on which the corrective lens 43 and the film 49 forming the functional element can be applied. However, in the case of very large curvatures in the region of the free-form surfaces 63, 65, it may be advantageous to apply adhesive layers 45, 51 of low-refractive-index adhesive of uniform thickness and to fill the depressions in the region of these free-form surfaces with additional adhesive layers 67, 69 made of an adhesive having a refractive index that matches the refractive index of the host material, such as Fig.11 This allows minimizing impairment of the visual field seen through the eyeglass lens due to thickness variations of the adhesive layer with a low refractive index adhesive.

[0070] Fig.12 An even further embodiment variant of the spectacle lens 3 according to the invention is shown in . In this embodiment variant, a series of films 71 and adhesives 73 refract the light, the materials of which have different refractive indices increasing towards the body 41. By means of the refraction of the light, an angle of incidence θ E Since this series of thin films 71 and adhesive layer 73 increases the incident angle θ on the interface with the adhesive layer 51 having a low refractive index adhesive E , so the requirements on the adhesive used can be reduced because a larger critical angle θ can be allowed G, and thus an adhesive with a greater refractive index can be used. By favoring total internal reflection at the adhesive layer 51 with a low refractive index adhesive, the choice of possible adhesives for producing the adhesive layer 51 with a low refractive index adhesive is increased. In this embodiment variant, instead of the described series of films and adhesives, it is also possible to use an adhesive with a film for increasing the angle of incidence θ E A material with a refractive index gradient.

[0071] For illustrative purposes, the present invention is described in detail based on exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments only provide a person skilled in the art with concepts for implementing the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention to the exemplary embodiments shown. As already described at different points in the exemplary embodiments, deviations from the described exemplary embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. For example, there may be a refractive output coupling or a diffractive output coupling instead of a reflective output coupling, as described in the exemplary embodiments. The principle of refractive output coupling is described, for example, in DE 10 2014 115341, to which reference is made for the basic design of the refractive output coupling structure. Further examples of reflective or refractive output coupling structures are also described in US 2012 / 0002294A1, to which reference is also made. In addition, with regard to output coupling structures based on diffraction gratings, reference is made to US 2006 / 0126181 A1 and US 2010 / 0220295 A1. In addition, the corrective lens does not need to be arranged on the inner surface of the body; instead, it can be arranged on the outer surface of the body. Furthermore, it is possible to divide the corrective effect between two corrective lenses, one of which is arranged on the inner surface and the other of which is arranged on the outer surface of the body. Corresponding statements also apply to other functional elements which are suitable as complementary elements on the body. Furthermore, features of the individual exemplary embodiments may be combined with one another. Therefore, the invention shall only be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spectacle lens (3) for an imaging optical unit for generating a virtual image of an initial image presented on an image generator (21), the spectacle lens comprising a body (41) and at least one complementary element (43) attached to the body (41), wherein - the body (41) consists of a material having a first refractive index n1, at least in a layer adjacent to the at least one complementary element (43), and the body (41) comprises an inner surface (13) facing the eye, an outer surface (17) facing away from the eye, and a light-guiding portion extending between an input coupling portion (25) and an output coupling structure (31), the input coupling portion being used to input couple an imaging beam path between the inner surface (13) and the outer surface (17), the output coupling structure being used to couple the imaging beam path out of the body (41), and in the light-guiding portion, the input coupled imaging beam path is guided to the output coupling structure (31) by reflection at at least one reflective portion (R1, R2, R3, R4) of the inner surface (13) and / or the outer surface (17), and - the at least one complementary element (43) is attached to the inner surface (13) of the body (41), wherein The at least one complementary element overlaps with at least one reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4) of the inner surface (13) of the body (41), and wherein an adhesive intermediate layer (45, 51) is arranged between the at least one complementary element (43) and the body (41), at least in the overlapping area of ​​the at least one complementary element (43) and the at least one reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4) of the inner surface (13) of the body (41), It is characterized in that The material of the viscous intermediate layer (45, 51) has a second refractive index n2, which satisfies the condition n2 <n1 sin(θ E ), where θ E represents the incident angle of the light rays of the imaging beam path emitted from the incoupling portion (25) and incident on the reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4), the incident angle being selected in such a way that at least 50% of the light rays of the imaging beam path have an incident angle θ>θ E ,and The complementary element (43) is designed as a corrective lens for compensating for ametropia, and At least one reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4) of the inner surface (13) and / or the outer surface (17) of the body (41) has a free shape (63, 65), wherein a free shape refers to a surface that can be freely defined and does not necessarily have to be describable as a sphere or a complex surface or any other regular geometric shape.

2. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that: θ E represents the angle of incidence of the light rays of the imaging beam path that are emitted from the incoupling portion (25) and incident on the reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4), the angle of incidence being selected in such a way that at least 75% of the light rays of the imaging beam path have an angle of incidence θ>θ E .

3. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Over the entire wavelength range of the imaging beam path, the condition n2 is satisfied <n1 sin(θ E ).

4. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the entire visible light wavelength range, the condition n2 is satisfied <n1 sin(θ E ).

5. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material of the viscous interlayer absorbs less than 20% of the light in the imaging beam path.

6. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The at least one complementary element (43) has a third refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index.

7. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The adhesive intermediate layer is present in the entire area where the at least one complementary element (43) is attached to the body (41).

8. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The body (41) comprises a surface layer (53, 55, 59, 61, 71, 73) at least in the region of the light guiding portion.

9. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 8, characterized in that The surface layer of the main body (41) includes at least one layer, which is adjacent to the adhesive intermediate layer and is made of a material having the first refractive index or a refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index.

10. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 9, characterized in that The surface layer of the main body is composed of multiple layers, among which - the layers consist of a material with a refractive index greater than the second refractive index n2, the layer adjoining the adhesive intermediate layer consists of a material having the first refractive index n1 or a refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index n1, and The refractive index of the layers increases starting from the layer adjoining the adhesive intermediate layer.

11. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 8, characterized in that The surface layer of the body (41) consists of a material having a refractive index gradient, wherein the lowest refractive index corresponds to the first refractive index n1, and the surface layer is oriented in such a way that, at the lowest refractive index, the surface layer abuts the adhesive intermediate layer.

12. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There is a shaped part between the adhesive intermediate layer and the body (41).

13. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There is a thin film between the adhesive intermediate layer and the body (41).

14. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 8, characterized in that There is a shaped part between the adhesive intermediate layer and the surface layer of the body (41).

15. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 8, characterized in that A film (57) is present between the adhesive intermediate layer and the surface layer of the body (41).

16. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material of the adhesive middle layer is an adhesive.

17. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 8, characterized in that The material of the surface layer is an adhesive.

18. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material of the adhesive intermediate layer is applied to a carrier material which is applied to the inner surface (13) of the body (41).

19. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that The adhesive intermediate layer has a uniform thickness, and a covering layer (67, 69) is applied on the side of the adhesive intermediate layer facing away from the main body (41), wherein the covering layer is composed of the material of the main body (41) or a material having a fourth refractive index, wherein the fourth refractive index corresponds to the first refractive index n1, and the covering layer (67, 69) has an optically flat spherical surface on its side facing away from the adhesive intermediate layer.

20. A spectacle lens (3) for an imaging optical unit for generating a virtual image of an initial image presented on an image generator (21), the spectacle lens comprising a body (41) and at least one complementary element (43) attached to the body (41), wherein - the body (41) consists of a material having a first refractive index n1, at least in a layer adjacent to the at least one complementary element (43), and the body (41) comprises an inner surface (13) facing the eye, an outer surface (17) facing away from the eye, and a light-guiding portion extending between an input coupling portion (25) and an output coupling structure (31), the input coupling portion being used to input couple an imaging beam path between the inner surface (13) and the outer surface (17), the output coupling structure being used to couple the imaging beam path out of the body (41), and in the light-guiding portion, the input coupled imaging beam path is guided to the output coupling structure (31) by reflection at at least one reflective portion (R1, R2, R3, R4) of the inner surface (13) and / or the outer surface (17), and - the at least one complementary element (43) is attached to the inner surface (13) of the body (41), wherein The at least one complementary element overlaps with at least one reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4) of the inner surface (13) of the body (41), and a solid intermediate layer (45, 51) is arranged between the at least one complementary element (43) and the body (41), at least in the overlapping area of ​​the at least one complementary element (43) and the at least one reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4) of the inner surface (13) of the body (41), It is characterized in that The material of the solid intermediate layer (45, 51) has a second refractive index n2, and the second refractive index satisfies the condition n2 <n1 sin(θ E ), where θ E represents the incident angle of the light rays of the imaging beam path emitted from the incoupling portion (25) and incident on the reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4), the incident angle being selected in such a way that at least 50% of the light rays of the imaging beam path have an incident angle θ>θ E ,and The complementary element (43) is designed as a corrective lens for compensating for ametropia, and At least one reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4) of the inner surface (13) and / or the outer surface (17) of the body (41) has a free shape (63, 65), wherein a free shape refers to a surface that can be freely defined and does not necessarily have to be describable as a sphere or a complex surface or any other regular geometric shape.

21. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20, characterized in that θ E represents the angle of incidence of the light rays of the imaging beam path that are emitted from the incoupling portion (25) and incident on the reflecting portion (R1, R2, R3, R4), the angle of incidence being selected in such a way that at least 75% of the light rays of the imaging beam path have an angle of incidence θ>θ E .

22. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that Over the entire wavelength range of the imaging beam path, the condition n2 is satisfied <n1 sin(θ E ).

23. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that In the entire visible light wavelength range, the condition n2 is satisfied <n1 sin(θ E ).

24. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The material of the solid intermediate layer absorbs less than 20% of the light in the imaging beam path.

25. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The at least one complementary element (43) has a third refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index.

26. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The solid intermediate layer is present in the entire area where the at least one complementary element (43) is attached to the body (41).

27. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The body (41) comprises a surface layer (53, 55, 59, 61, 71, 73) at least in the region of the light guiding portion.

28. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 27, characterized in that The surface layer of the body (41) comprises at least one layer, which is adjacent to the solid intermediate layer and is made of a material having the first refractive index or a refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index.

29. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 28, characterized in that The surface layer of the main body is composed of multiple layers, among which - the layers consist of a material with a refractive index greater than the second refractive index n2, the layer adjoining the solid intermediate layer consists of a material having the first refractive index n1 or a refractive index corresponding to the first refractive index n1, and The refractive index of the layers increases starting from the layer adjacent to the solid intermediate layer.

30. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 27, characterized in that The surface layer of the body (41) consists of a material having a refractive index gradient, wherein the lowest refractive index corresponds to the first refractive index n1, and the surface layer is oriented in such a way that, at the lowest refractive index, it adjoins a solid intermediate layer.

31. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that There is a shaped part between the solid intermediate layer and the body (41).

32. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that There is a thin film between the solid intermediate layer and the body (41).

33. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 27, characterized in that There are shaped parts between the solid intermediate layer and the surface layer of the body (41).

34. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 27, characterized in that There is a film (57) between the solid intermediate layer and the surface layer of the body (41).

35. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The material of the solid middle layer is an adhesive.

36. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 27, characterized in that The material of the surface layer is an adhesive.

37. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The material of the solid intermediate layer is applied to a carrier material which is applied to the inner surface (13) of the body (41).

38. The spectacle lens (3) according to claim 20, characterized in that The solid intermediate layer has a uniform thickness, and a covering layer (67, 69) is applied on the side of the solid intermediate layer facing away from the main body (41), the covering layer consisting of the material of the main body (41) or a material having a fourth refractive index, wherein the fourth refractive index corresponds to the first refractive index n1, and the covering layer (67, 69) has an optically flat spherical surface on its side facing away from the solid intermediate layer.

39. An imaging optical unit for generating a virtual image of an initial image presented on an image generator (21), characterized in that The imaging optical unit comprises at least one spectacle lens (3) according to claim 1 or 20.

40. A pair of smart glasses, characterized in that The smart glasses comprise at least one imaging optical unit according to claim 39.

Images