Integrated suspension electromagnet and linear motor, maglev train

Abstract

The present invention discloses a superconducting and normal conductive integrated suspension electromagnet and a linear motor, and a maglev train. The integrated suspension electromagnet includes a plurality of normal conductive magnets and a plurality of superconducting magnets, and the polarities of the constructed magnetic poles are arranged alternately in sequence; the normal conductive magnets form a corresponding normal conductive magnetic field loop, and the superconducting magnet includes a plurality of groups of superconducting coils and superconducting cores arranged in sequence and a superconducting yoke, and the top of each superconducting core is provided with a spacer made of non-metallic non-magnetic conductive material, and each superconducting core is connected to the superconducting yoke to form a corresponding superconducting magnetic field loop; a transition yoke is provided between adjacent normal conductive magnets and superconducting magnets, and adjacent normal conductive yokes and superconducting yokes are connected by transition yokes to form an adjacent magnetic field loop. This scheme can reduce the influence of the working heat of the electromagnet on the insulation performance and service life of the magnetic pole through structural optimization, and at the same time, on the basis of generating a large electromagnetic force, it takes into account good active control performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of maglev trains, and in particular to a superconducting and normal-conducting integrated suspension electromagnet and a linear motor, and a maglev train. Background Art

[0002] For maglev trains, ultra-high-speed operation requires them to have higher suspension capabilities. Taking the domestic high-speed maglev trains as an example, their maximum operating speed reaches 503km / h. The current high-speed maglev trains are designed to run at a speed of 600 kilometers per hour, and conventional suspension electromagnets can meet the operating requirements.

[0003] As we all know, ultra-high-speed, high-load-carrying vehicles are also a development direction of rail transportation in the future. As the speed increases, the vertical dynamic load of the vehicle increases, which puts higher requirements on the carrying capacity. The conventional suspension electromagnet can increase the suspension capacity by increasing the current. Increasing the current will cause severe heating and the risk of burning. Therefore, it is impossible to increase the carrying capacity by further increasing the working current.

[0004] In view of this, it is urgent to improve and optimize the suspension system of existing maglev trains in order to overcome the problem that the heating of existing conventional levitation electromagnets affects the improvement of carrying capacity. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a superconducting and conventionally conductive integrated suspension electromagnet, a linear motor, and a maglev train. Through structural optimization, the influence of the working heat of the electromagnet on the insulation performance and service life of the magnetic pole can be reduced. At the same time, on the basis of generating a large electromagnetic force, good active control performance is taken into account.

[0006] The present invention also provides an integrated suspension electromagnet, comprising a plurality of normal conductive magnets and a plurality of superconducting magnets fixed on a box beam, wherein the normal conductive magnets and the superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence; along the direction of the interval arrangement, the magnetic pole polarities constructed by the plurality of normal conductive magnets and the plurality of superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence; the normal conductive magnet comprises a plurality of groups of normal conductive poles, normal conductive coils and normal conductive yokes arranged in sequence, and two adjacent normal conductive poles are connected by a normal conductive yoke to form a corresponding normal conductive magnetic field loop; each of the normal conductive yokes is fixed On the box beam; the superconducting magnet includes a plurality of groups of superconducting coils and superconducting cores and a superconducting yoke arranged in sequence, a spacer made of non-metallic non-magnetic material is arranged at the top of each superconducting core, and each superconducting core is connected to the superconducting yoke to form a corresponding superconducting magnetic field loop; the superconducting yoke is fixed on the box beam; a transition yoke is arranged between adjacent normal conductive magnets and the superconducting magnets, and adjacent normal conductive yokes and superconducting yokes are connected through the transition yoke to form an adjacent magnetic field loop.

[0007] Optionally, the superconducting magnet further comprises a cover body and a plurality of thermal insulation tubes, wherein the cover body and the superconducting yoke are combined to form a sealed cavity to accommodate a refrigerant medium; the thermal insulation tube is configured correspondingly to the superconducting core, and the wall of the cover body opposite to the superconducting yoke has a plurality of openings, one side end edge of the thermal insulation tube is sealed and connected to the edge of the corresponding opening, and the other side end edge thereof is sealed and connected to the superconducting yoke; the superconducting core and the spacer block arranged at the top end thereof are inserted into the corresponding thermal insulation tube, and the superconducting coil is sleeved on the corresponding superconducting core and the outside of the thermal insulation tube, and is placed in the sealed cavity.

[0008] Optionally, the superconducting magnet further includes a superconducting coil fixing device and a force transmission component, wherein the superconducting coil fixing device is used to install and fix the superconducting coil, and is fixedly connected to the superconducting yoke via the force transmission component.

[0009] Optionally, the top surface of the constant conductive pole is flush with the top surface of the spacer block.

[0010] Optionally, a first recess adapted to the superconducting magnet and a second recess adapted to the normal conductive magnet are provided at the top of the box beam; at least part of the normal conductive yoke and the normal conductive pole are placed in the first recess, and at least part of the superconducting yoke, part of the superconducting core and part of the transition yoke on both sides are located in the second recess.

[0011] Optionally, the constant conductive magnetic yoke includes a middle constant conductive magnetic yoke and a side constant conductive magnetic yoke, the middle constant conductive magnetic yoke is used to form the constant conductive magnetic field loop, and the side constant conductive magnetic yoke is used to form the adjacent magnetic field loop; the cross-section of the transition magnetic yoke is "L"-shaped, its vertical section body is connected to the side constant conductive magnetic yoke, and its horizontal section body extends from the vertical section body toward the superconducting magnetic yoke and is connected to it.

[0012] Optionally, a gap sensor is provided on the top of the constant conductive magnetic pole for detecting the gap between the top surface of the suspension electromagnet and the stator core.

[0013] The present application also provides a linear motor, including a stator, wherein the stator includes a stator core and a stator coil embedded in the tooth slots of the stator core; and also includes the integrated suspension electromagnet as described above.

[0014] The present application also provides a maglev train, comprising the linear motor as described above.

[0015] Optionally, the normal conductive coil of the normal conductive magnet and the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnet are powered independently respectively; the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnet is powered by a power supply that can output constant direct current, and the normal conductive coil of the normal conductive magnet is powered by a controller that can output fluctuating direct current.

[0016] Optionally, the controller further outputs a control signal to the power supply according to an operation instruction.

[0017] Optionally, according to a levitation operation instruction, the controller outputs a levitation signal to the power supply to apply a constant current to the superconducting coil; and the controller controls the power supply to the constant conductive coil according to the gap between the top surface of the levitation electromagnet and the stator core.

[0018] Optionally, according to the vehicle landing operation instruction, the controller outputs a power-off signal to the power supply so that the current in the superconducting coil can be drawn out, and the controller controls the power supply current of the normal conductive coil to be gradually reduced.

[0019] Optionally, the controller performs an anti-collision control operation based on the judgment condition that the gap between the top surface of the levitation electromagnet and the stator core is greater than an anti-collision threshold, and performs a re-levitation operation after performing the anti-collision control operation.

[0020] Optionally, the anti-collision control operation includes: outputting a power-off signal to the power supply so that the current in the superconducting coil is drawn out, and the controller controls to gradually reduce the power supply current of the normal conductive coil.

[0021] In response to the problem of heating of the normal conductive magnets of high-speed maglev trains, the present invention takes a different approach and proposes a superconducting and normal conductive integrated suspension electromagnet. Specifically, a plurality of normal conductive magnets and a plurality of superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence, and along the spacing direction, the magnetic pole polarities constructed by the plurality of normal conductive magnets and the plurality of superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence; wherein, two adjacent normal conductive poles of the normal conductive magnet are connected by a normal conductive yoke to form a corresponding normal conductive magnetic field loop; the superconducting cores of the superconducting magnets are connected to the superconducting yoke to form a corresponding superconducting magnetic field loop, and a spacer made of non-metallic non-magnetic material is provided at the top of each of the superconducting cores; a transition yoke is provided between adjacent normal conductive magnets and superconducting magnets, and adjacent normal conductive yokes and superconducting yokes are connected by the transition yoke to form an adjacent magnetic field loop. Compared with the prior art, this solution has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] First of all, the integrated suspension electromagnet provided by this solution has the characteristics of both superconducting magnets and conventional magnetic poles. It uses the larger working current of superconducting magnets to generate electromagnetic force that meets the requirements of high-speed operation, and uses the controllability of the working current of conventional magnets for active control. In other words, superconducting magnets are used to generate the main suspension force, and conventional magnets are used to dynamically adjust the suspension force and assist in generating a small part of the suspension force, which solves the problems of severe heating of suspension electromagnets and limited improvement of carrying capacity of high-speed maglev trains. At the same time, this solution can effectively reduce the temperature rise of the electromagnet and improve the carrying capacity. On the basis of ensuring the suspension capacity, it can also realize active adjustment of the suspension to ensure stability and safety, providing technical support for further speeding up the vehicle.

[0023] Secondly, this solution integrates the superconducting magnet and the normal conductive magnetic pole into one module. The whole vehicle can be equipped with this integrated suspension electromagnet module. The normal conductive magnetic pole can more easily realize the control function of the integrated module, which is beneficial to the control of the stability of the whole vehicle.

[0024] Third, in an optional scheme of the present invention, the superconducting magnet includes a cover body and a plurality of thermal insulation tubes, and the cover body and the superconducting yoke are combined to form a sealed cavity to accommodate the refrigerant medium and provide a good heat dissipation environment; its superconducting core and the spacer block arranged on the top thereof are inserted into the corresponding thermal insulation tube, and the two side ends of the thermal insulation tube are respectively sealed and connected with the hole edges opened on the cover body and the superconducting yoke, and the superconducting coil is sleeved on the corresponding superconducting core and the outside of the thermal insulation tube; in other words, the thermal insulation tube is placed between the superconducting coil and the superconducting core to form a heat transfer barrier to prevent the heat of the core from being transferred to the superconducting coil and affecting its performance.

[0025] Fourth, in another optional solution of the present invention, the normal conductive yoke includes a side normal conductive yoke, and the side normal conductive yoke is used to form an adjacent magnetic field loop; accordingly, the cross section of the transition yoke is "L" shaped, and its vertical section body is connected to the side normal conductive yoke, and its horizontal section body extends from the vertical section body toward the superconducting yoke and is connected to it. Such a setting can, on the one hand, reasonably adapt to the assembly dimensions of the superconducting yoke and the normal conductive yoke on the box beam, and at the same time, fully utilize the assembly space between the superconducting magnet and the normal conductive magnet, and on the basis of satisfying the establishment of the magnetic loop, the overall structure is more compact and reasonable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the linear motor in a specific implementation manner;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of magnetic circuit of integrated suspension electromagnet shown in;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the superconducting magnet described in the specific implementation manner;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a block diagram of the power supply principle of the integrated suspension electromagnet in a specific implementation manner.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] Superconducting magnet 1, middle normal conductive pole 2, side normal conductive pole 3, middle normal conductive yoke 4, side normal layer yoke 5, transition yoke 6, torsion spring 7, box beam 8, installation interface 9, stator core 10, stator cable 11, linear motor 12, gap sensor 13, superconducting coil 14, superconducting core 15, superconducting yoke 16, superconducting coil fixing device 17, force transmission component 18, spacer 19, insulation cylinder 20, cover 21, gap 22, gap 23, first recess 24, second recess 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] The existing conventional levitation electromagnet technology can meet the current high-speed maglev train running speed requirements. As the speed increases, the vertical dynamic load of the vehicle increases. Conventional levitation electromagnets can increase the levitation capacity by increasing the current, but increasing the current will cause severe heat generation and the risk of burning.

[0034] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a superconducting and normal conductive integrated suspension electromagnet, including a plurality of normal conductive magnets and a plurality of superconducting magnets fixed on a box beam, and the normal conductive magnets and the superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence; along the spacing arrangement direction, the magnetic pole polarities constructed by the plurality of normal conductive magnets and the plurality of superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence; the normal conductive magnet includes a plurality of groups of normal conductive poles, normal conductive coils and normal conductive yokes arranged in sequence, and two adjacent normal conductive poles are connected by a normal conductive yoke to form a corresponding normal conductive magnetic field loop; each The conventional magnetic yokes are all fixed on the box beam; the superconducting magnet includes a plurality of groups of superconducting coils and superconducting cores arranged in sequence, and a superconducting magnetic yoke; a spacer made of non-metallic non-magnetic material is arranged at the top of each superconducting core, and each superconducting core is connected to the superconducting magnetic yoke to form a corresponding superconducting magnetic field loop; the superconducting magnetic yoke is fixed on the box beam; a transition magnetic yoke is arranged between adjacent conventional magnetic magnets and superconducting magnets, and adjacent conventional magnetic yokes and superconducting magnetic yokes are connected through the transition magnetic yoke to form an adjacent magnetic field loop.

[0035] In actual operation, the superconducting magnet uses a large working current to generate electromagnetic force that meets high-speed operation, and at the same time uses the controllability of the working current of the normal conductive magnet for active control; that is, the superconducting magnet is used to generate the main suspension force, and the normal conductive magnet is used to dynamically adjust the suspension force and assist in generating a small part of the suspension force. On the basis of improving the carrying capacity, it can effectively reduce the temperature rise of the electromagnet. Overall, active adjustment of the suspension can be achieved to ensure stability and safety.

[0036] In order to better understand the technical solution and technical effects of the present application, without loss of generality, this embodiment uses the illustrated superconducting magnet and the conventional magnet as the description basis to describe in detail the superconducting and conventional integrated suspension electromagnet solution proposed in the present application. As an exemplary illustration, the configuration quantity and size ratio relationship of the superconducting magnet and the conventional magnet do not constitute a substantial limitation on the scope of protection requested by the present application.

[0037] See also Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the linear motor described in this embodiment.

[0038] As shown in the figure, the integrated suspension electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the box beam 8, and can include a plurality of normal conductive magnets and a plurality of superconducting magnets 1, and the normal conductive magnets and the superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence; Figure 2 As shown, along the spacing arrangement direction, the magnetic pole polarities constructed by multiple normal conductive magnets and multiple superconducting magnets 1 are arranged alternately in sequence; as shown in the figure, the magnetic pole polarities are NSNS in sequence. Of course, in other specific implementations, the magnetic pole polarities can also adopt a staggered arrangement of SNSN.

[0039] The permanent conductive magnet comprises a plurality of groups of permanent conductive poles (2, 3), permanent conductive coils and permanent conductive yokes (4, 5) arranged in sequence. Based on the actual setting position, the permanent conductive poles can be divided into two forms: a middle permanent conductive pole 2 and a side permanent conductive pole 3. The side permanent conductive poles 3 are located on both sides of the integrated suspension electromagnet. Two adjacent permanent conductive poles (2, 3) are connected by a permanent conductive yoke 4 to form a corresponding permanent conductive magnetic field loop. Similarly, based on the actual setting position, the permanent conductive yoke can be divided into a middle permanent conductive yoke 4 and a side permanent layer yoke 5. Each permanent conductive yoke (4, 5) is fixed on a box beam 8.

[0040] In actual operation, the three normal conductive magnetic poles (2, 3) are energized to generate a magnetic field, which plays an excitation role. The current is much smaller than that of the superconducting magnet 1 and is a dynamic current, which generates a certain magnetic field and electromagnetic force. By adjusting the current, the size of the electromagnetic force can be actively controlled, thereby ensuring the dynamic stability of the gap and the dynamic balance of the electromagnet.

[0041] The superconducting magnet includes a plurality of groups of superconducting coils 14 and superconducting cores 15 arranged in sequence, and a superconducting yoke 16; please refer to Figure 3, the figure is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the superconducting magnet described in . In the quasi-static magnetic field, the configuration of the superconducting core 15 enables the superconducting coil to stably and reliably generate electromagnetic force. A spacer block 19 made of non-metallic non-magnetic material is arranged at the top of each superconducting core 15, and each superconducting core 15 is connected to the superconducting yoke 16 to form a corresponding superconducting magnetic field loop; the superconducting yoke 16 is fixed on the box beam 8.

[0042] A transition yoke 6 is provided between adjacent normal conductive magnets and the superconducting magnet, and adjacent normal conductive yokes (side normal conductive yokes 5) and superconducting yokes 6 are connected via the transition yoke 6 to form an adjacent magnetic field loop.

[0043] Combination Figure 2 As shown in the figure, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit of the integrated suspension electromagnet is shown in FIG. The polarity of the normal conductive pole and the superconducting magnet is arranged alternately as NS. For the polarity N, the magnetic field starts from the normal conductive pole or the superconducting magnet, passes through the gap 22 or the gap 23, enters the stator core 10, and then enters the adjacent normal conductive pole or superconducting magnet through the gap 22 or the gap 23 on both sides, and finally returns to the original normal conductive pole or superconducting magnet through the magnetic yoke.

[0044] On the whole, the integrated electromagnet provided by this solution adopts the structural form of incomplete common magnetic circuit. The superconducting magnet changes the gap 23 between the superconducting core 15 and the stator core 10 through the size of the spacer 19, which is used to increase the distance between the superconducting core 15 and the stator core 10 and reduce magnetic saturation; that is, the gap 23 is adjusted by the filling block 19 to be larger than the gap 22, and the specific value is determined according to the actual situation. Since the magnetic field is independent, the normal conductive magnet can adjust the gap magnetic field through its own current, thereby adjusting the electromagnetic force of the integrated electromagnet as a whole.

[0045] Among them, the normal conductive magnetic poles in other parts that are not adjacent to the superconducting magnet follow their original magnetic circuit characteristics, so that the adjustment ability of the normal conductive magnetic poles will be very strong, which can effectively ensure the stability of control.

[0046] For example Figure 1 As shown, above the normal conductive magnetic pole, a stator core 10 and a stator cable 11 installed in the wire slot of the stator core 10 are arranged. The stator core 10 and the stator cable 11 form a stator of a linear motor, and the excitation magnetic field generated by the integrated electromagnet forms a magnetic circuit with the stator core 10, and generates a suspension force, and the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the stator cable 11 interacts with the excitation magnetic field to generate traction.

[0047] The aforementioned integrated suspension electromagnet serves as a linear motor rotor, and together with a stator composed of a stator core 10 and a stator cable 11 composes a linear motor 12 , which generates electricity by utilizing an alternating magnetic field generated by a tooth slot structure of the stator core 10 .

[0048] The torsion spring 7 is used to support the magnetic yoke so that it is pressed against the normal conductive pole core and in full contact with each other.

[0049] The box beam 8 serves as the basic bearing structure of the integrated electromagnet, through which the electromagnetic force is transmitted. Figure 1 As shown, the top of the box beam 8 is provided with a first recess 24 adapted to the superconducting magnet and a second recess 25 adapted to the normal conductive magnet; at least the normal conductive yoke (5, 6) and the part of the normal conductive pole (2, 3) are placed in the first recess 24, and at least the superconducting yoke 16, the part of the superconducting core 15 and the part of the transition yoke 6 on both sides are located in the second recess 25. Installation interfaces 9 are respectively provided on both sides of the box beam 8 for connecting and installing with other components to achieve the electromagnetic force transmission function.

[0050] Please see further Figure 3 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of the superconducting magnet described in a specific implementation method.

[0051] The superconducting magnet also includes a cover 21 and a plurality of heat-insulating cylinders 20. Figure 3 As shown, the cover body and the superconducting yoke 16 enclose a sealed cavity to accommodate a refrigerant; for example but not limited to, the sealed cavity can be filled with liquid nitrogen for refrigeration and heat insulation from the outside. The insulation cylinder 20 is configured correspondingly to the superconducting core 15. At the same time, a plurality of openings are provided on the wall of the cover body 21 opposite to the superconducting yoke 16, so that one side end of the insulation cylinder 20 is sealed and connected to the hole edge of the corresponding opening on the wall of the cover body 21, and the other side end is sealed and connected to the superconducting yoke 16; the superconducting coil 14 is sleeved on the corresponding superconducting core 15 and the outside of the insulation cylinder 20, and is placed in the sealed cavity. The insulation cylinder 20 has a heat insulation function, which can prevent the heat of the core from being transferred to the superconducting coil 14 and affecting its performance. Based on the effect of the refrigerant, a good heat dissipation environment can be obtained.

[0052] In this solution, the superconducting core 15 and the spacer 19 disposed at the top thereof are inserted into the corresponding heat-insulating tube 20; that is, the heat-insulating tube 20 is placed between the superconducting coil 14 and the superconducting core 15 to form a heat transfer barrier to prevent the heat of the core from being transferred to the superconducting coil and affecting its performance. It has good working stability.

[0053] In this solution, the top surfaces of the permanent magnetic poles (2, 3) and the spacer 19 are flush, so that closed-loop control of the electromagnet can be achieved according to the gap 22.

[0054] It should be noted that the superconducting magnet 1 further includes a superconducting coil fixing device 17 and a force transmission component 18. The superconducting coil fixing device 17 is used to install and fix the superconducting coil 1 and protect the superconducting coil 1 from damage under vibration and force conditions. The superconducting coil fixing device 17 is fixedly connected to the superconducting yoke 16 through the force transmission component 18.

[0055] In a specific implementation, the specific structural implementation of the superconducting coil fixing device 17 can be selected according to needs, and those skilled in the art can implement it based on the existing technology, so it will not be implemented in this article.

[0056] It is understandable that in other specific implementations, the force transmission component 18 can also be implemented in different structures, rather than being limited to the pull rod form shown in the figure, as long as it can transmit the force generated by the superconducting coil 14 during operation to the superconducting yoke 16.

[0057] In the present solution, the normal conductive yoke includes a middle normal conductive yoke 4 and a side normal conductive yoke 5, wherein the middle normal conductive yoke 2 is used to form a normal conductive magnetic field loop, and the side normal conductive yoke 5 is used to form an adjacent magnetic field loop; specifically, the cross-section of the transition yoke 6 is "L"-shaped, and its vertical section body is connected to the side normal conductive yoke 5, and its horizontal section body extends from the vertical section body toward the superconducting yoke 6 and is connected to it. Such an arrangement can, on the one hand, reasonably adapt to the assembly dimensions of the superconducting yoke and the normal conductive yoke on the box girder, and at the same time, make full use of the assembly space between the superconducting magnet and the normal conductive magnet. On the basis of satisfying the establishment of the magnetic circuit, the overall structure is more compact and reasonable.

[0058] In addition, in order to realize the control of the integrated electromagnet, a gap sensor 13 is arranged on the top of the constant magnetic pole to detect the gap 22 between the top surface of the suspension electromagnet and the stator core 10. Here, the gap sensor 13 is arranged on both sides of the integrated electromagnet. Of course, the specific functional implementation of the gap sensor 13 is not the core invention of this application, and those skilled in the art can realize it based on the existing technology, so it will not be repeated in this article.

[0059] Combine the following Figure 4 Describe the power supply circuit of the integrated suspension electromagnet provided in this solution.

[0060] The normal conductive coil of the normal conductive magnet and the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnet are powered independently; Figure 4 As shown, the superconducting coil 14 of the superconducting magnet is powered by a power supply that can output constant direct current, and the normal conductive coil of the normal conductive magnet is powered by a controller that can output fluctuating direct current.

[0061] It is understandable that the number of groups of normal magnetic poles connected in series is determined according to the actual situation, and is not limited to Figure 4 As shown in the figure, each group is powered by controller 1 and controller 2 respectively, and the output current of the two controllers is fluctuating DC. In addition, the two superconducting magnets are powered by power supply 1 and power supply 2 respectively. Of course, the power supply circuit must ensure that the polarity of the normal conductive magnetic pole and the superconducting magnet is NS staggered.

[0062] For example Figure 4As shown, the controller also outputs a control signal to the power supply according to the operation instruction. Figure 4 As shown, there is signal interaction between the controller and the power supply. The controller can release a control signal to the power supply. The power supply acts according to the control signal and feeds back a status signal to the controller after completing the action.

[0063] The control strategy of the integrated suspension electromagnet described in this embodiment mainly involves the floating condition, the suspension condition and the landing condition, as well as the anti-collision control strategy.

[0064] (I) Floating conditions

[0065] According to the floating operation instruction, controller 1 and controller 2 output floating signals to power supply 1 and power supply 2 respectively to apply a constant current to the superconducting coil; and the controller controls the power supply to the normal conductive coil according to the gap 22 between the top surface of the levitation electromagnet and the stator core.

[0066] Specifically, after receiving the levitation instruction, the controller first sends a levitation signal to the power supply, and the power supply applies a constant current to the superconducting magnet. At this time, only the superconducting magnet works, and the gap 22 is large, and the electromagnetic force is not enough to float the vehicle; then the controller supplies power to the normal conductive pole according to its own control logic. At this time, the normal conductive magnet participates in the work, and the electromagnetic force increases to float the vehicle to a predetermined position, and the gap 22 reaches the rated value.

[0067] (II) Suspension working condition

[0068] After the gap 22 reaches the rated value, the gap sensor 13 monitors the gap 22 and feeds back to the controller 1 and the controller 2. The controller adjusts the constant magnetic pole current and then adjusts the electromagnetic force to maintain the gap 22 dynamically stable within the rated range.

[0069] (III) Landing conditions

[0070] According to the landing operation instruction, controller 1 and controller 2 respectively output power-off signals to power supply 1 and power supply 2 so that the current in the superconducting coil 14 can be drawn out, and the controller controls to gradually reduce the power supply current of the normal conductive coil.

[0071] Specifically, after receiving the vehicle landing instruction, the controller first sends a power-off instruction to the power supply. The power supply will not be cut off instantly, but the current in the superconducting coil 14 will be slowly drawn out. At the same time, the controller gradually reduces the normal magnetic pole current and drops the vehicle under the closed-loop control logic. The working time of the two is equivalent and they cooperate with each other.

[0072] (IV) Collision avoidance strategy

[0073] Taking the gap 22 between the top surface of the levitation electromagnet and the stator core as a judgment condition being greater than the anti-collision threshold, the controller performs an anti-collision control operation, and performs a re-levitation operation after performing the anti-collision control operation.

[0074] The anti-collision control operation includes: outputting a power-off signal to the power supply so that the current in the superconducting coil can be drawn out, and the controller controls to gradually reduce the power supply current of the normal conductive coil.

[0075] That is to say, in special working conditions, in order to avoid the integrated electromagnet from colliding with the stator core 10, a corresponding anti-collision control strategy is set. When the gap 22 monitored by the gap sensor 13 is less than or equal to the anti-collision threshold, for example but not limited to 3mm (depending on the situation), the controller will send an immediate power-off signal, at which time the power supply quickly draws out the current of the superconducting coil to complete the power-off; at the same time, the controller also immediately cuts off the current of the normal magnetic pole, causing the electromagnet to fall and avoid colliding with the stator core 10. The controller then restarts, executes the floating condition, completes the suspension, and continues to work.

[0076] In addition to the aforementioned integrated suspension electromagnet and linear motor, this embodiment also provides a maglev train, including the linear motor as described above. On the basis of improving the carrying capacity, the temperature rise of the electromagnet can be effectively reduced. On the whole, active adjustment of the suspension can be achieved to ensure stability and safety. It should be understood that the other functional components of the maglev train are not the core invention points of this application, and those skilled in the art can implement them based on the existing technology, which will not be repeated herein.

[0077] It should be noted that in the above-mentioned embodiments provided in this implementation mode, the power supply grouping of the normal conductive poles and the superconducting magnets needs to adapt to the overall control strategy requirements, such as but not limited to the two groups shown in the figure. It should be understood that as long as the core concept is consistent with this solution, it is within the scope of protection requested in this application.

[0078] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated suspension electromagnet, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of normal conductive magnets and a plurality of superconducting magnets fixed on a box beam, and the normal conductive magnets and the superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence; along the interval arrangement direction, the magnetic poles constructed by the plurality of normal conductive magnets and the plurality of superconducting magnets are arranged alternately in sequence; The permanent magnet comprises a plurality of groups of permanent magnetic poles, permanent magnetic coils and permanent magnetic yokes arranged in sequence, and two adjacent permanent magnetic poles are connected by a permanent magnetic yoke to form a corresponding permanent magnetic field loop; each of the permanent magnetic yokes is fixed on the box beam; The superconducting magnet comprises a plurality of groups of superconducting coils and superconducting cores arranged in sequence, and a superconducting yoke; a spacer made of non-metallic non-magnetic material is arranged at the top of each superconducting core, and each superconducting core is connected to the superconducting yoke to form a corresponding superconducting magnetic field loop; the superconducting yoke is fixed on the box beam; A transition yoke is provided between the adjacent normal conductive magnets and the superconducting magnets, and the adjacent normal conductive yokes and the superconducting yokes are connected through the transition yoke to form an adjacent magnetic field loop.

2. The integrated suspension electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superconducting magnet also includes a cover body and a plurality of thermal insulation tubes, wherein the cover body and the superconducting yoke are combined to form a sealed cavity to accommodate a refrigerant medium; the thermal insulation tube is configured correspondingly to the superconducting core, and the wall of the cover body opposite to the superconducting yoke has a plurality of openings, one side end edge of the thermal insulation tube is sealed and connected to the hole edge of the corresponding opening, and the other side end edge is sealed and connected to the superconducting yoke; the superconducting core and the spacer block arranged at the top end thereof are inserted into the corresponding thermal insulation tube, and the superconducting coil is sleeved on the corresponding superconducting core and the outside of the thermal insulation tube, and is placed in the sealed cavity.

3. The integrated suspension electromagnet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The superconducting magnet further comprises a superconducting coil fixing device and a force transmission component. The superconducting coil fixing device is used to install and fix the superconducting coil and is fixedly connected to the superconducting magnetic yoke via the force transmission component.

4. The integrated suspension electromagnet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the permanent magnetic pole is flush with the top surface of the spacer.

5. The integrated suspension electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the box beam is provided with a first recess adapted to the superconducting magnet and a second recess adapted to the normal conductive magnet; at least the normal conductive yoke and part of the normal conductive magnetic pole are placed in the first recess, and at least the superconducting yoke, part of the superconducting core and part of the transition yoke on both sides are located in the second recess.

6. The integrated suspension electromagnet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The constant conductive magnetic yoke includes a middle constant conductive magnetic yoke and a side constant conductive magnetic yoke, the middle constant conductive magnetic yoke is used to form the constant conductive magnetic field loop, and the side constant conductive magnetic yoke is used to form the adjacent magnetic field loop; the cross-section of the transition magnetic yoke is "L"-shaped, its vertical section body is connected to the side constant conductive magnetic yoke, and its horizontal section body extends from the vertical section body toward the superconducting magnetic yoke and is connected to it.

7. The integrated suspension electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap sensor is arranged on the top of the constant conductive magnetic pole, which is used to detect the gap between the top surface of the suspension electromagnet and the stator core.

8. A linear motor, comprising a stator, wherein the stator comprises a stator core and a stator coil embedded in a tooth slot of the stator core; characterized in that: It also comprises the integrated levitation electromagnet according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A maglev train, characterized in that: Including the linear motor as described in claim 8.

10. The maglev train according to claim 9, characterized in that: The normal conductive coil of the normal conductive magnet and the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnet are powered independently respectively; the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnet is powered by a power supply that can output constant direct current, and the normal conductive coil of the normal conductive magnet is powered by a controller that can output fluctuating direct current.

11. The maglev train according to claim 10, characterized in that: The controller also outputs a control signal to the power supply according to an operation instruction.

12. The maglev train according to claim 11, characterized in that: According to the floating operation instruction, the controller outputs a floating signal to the power supply to apply a constant current to the superconducting coil; and the controller controls the power supply to the normal conductive coil according to the gap between the top surface of the levitation electromagnet and the stator core.

13. The maglev train according to claim 12, characterized in that: According to the vehicle landing operation instruction, the controller outputs a power-off signal to the power supply so that the current in the superconducting coil can be drawn out, and the controller controls to gradually reduce the power supply current of the normal conductive coil.

14. The maglev train according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The controller performs an anti-collision control operation based on the judgment condition that the gap between the top surface of the levitation electromagnet and the stator core is greater than the anti-collision threshold, and performs a re-levitation operation after performing the anti-collision control operation.

15. The maglev train according to claim 14, characterized in that: The anti-collision control operation includes: outputting a power-off signal to the power supply so that the current in the superconducting coil is drawn out, and the controller controls to gradually reduce the power supply current of the normal conductive coil.

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