183 results about "Dilution refrigerator" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of extremely-low-temperature refrigeration equipment, and provides an annular heat exchange unit which comprises a flow channel box, and the two ends of the flow channel box are covered with an upper cover body and a lower cover body correspondingly; a cavity partition plate is arranged in the runner box to form an upper heat exchange cavity and a lower heat exchange cavity; two upper runners which are not communicated with each other are arranged in the upper heat exchange chamber; two lower runners which are not communicated with each other are arranged in the lower heat exchange chamber; the adjacent flow channel partition plates in the two cavities are arranged in a staggered mode to form a transition flow channel. The annular heat exchange unit further comprises two circulating pipe sets. Therefore, the two heat exchange channels which are not communicated with each other and are arranged up and down are formed in the runner box; media in the two heat exchange channels do not make contact with each other, and heat exchange is achieved through the flow channel partition plate in the flowing process. On the premise that the overall size of the runner box is not increased, two heat exchange channels which are arranged in an up-down staggered mode are formed in the runner box. The heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the space is saved. The invention provides a multi-stage heat exchanger and a dilution refrigerator.

A dilution refrigerator and a method for operating same as described. The dilution refrigerator comprising a plurality of cryostats each comprising a plurality of temperature-controlled flanges inside a vacuum chamber, the temperature-controlled flanges cooled to progressively lower temperatures. Dilution units are disposed inside each of the cryostats and operable to cool at least a subset of the temperature-controlled flanges. A gas handling system is fluidly coupled to the plurality of cryostats and comprises a flow circuit and flow control devices interconnecting a gas mixture reservoir with the dilution units. A controller is coupled to the gas handling system and configured for operating the flow control devices in accordance with a sequence of operations that open and close paths in the flow circuit that allow a gas mixture to circulate between the gas mixture reservoir and the dilution units.

The invention discloses a multifunctional integrated gas control system for a dilution refrigerator, and particularly relates to the field of refrigeration and low-temperature engineering, which comprises a liquid nitrogen cold trap, a gas buffer tank, an integrated valve box, a dilution refrigeration internal circulation pipeline, a diaphragm compressor, a roots pump, a turbo molecular pump and a vacuum suction pump set. According to the system, a highly-integrated valve box module is used and is responsible for implementing gas circuit control on different stages such as dilution refrigeration cycle starting, operation and shutdown rewarming; according to the invention, conductance optimization and heat loss reduction are carried out on gas paths with different temperature zones and different pressures, high air tightness of a full temperature zone from room temperature to extremely low temperature is ensured, the reliability and the automation degree of the dilution refrigerating machine are improved, and very positive significance is provided for practicability of a dilution refrigerating system.

The invention relates to a cold compressor and a dilution refrigerator adopting the cold compressor, the cold compressor comprises a driving part, an air cylinder and a piston, and further comprises a precooling refrigerator, the precooling refrigerator is connected with the air cylinder, and the compressor is precooled through the precooling refrigerator. The cold compressor can be used on a dilution refrigerating machine or a space dilution refrigerating machine, and compared with the prior art, the refrigerating machine is adopted for cooling the compressor, so that the compressor becomes the cold compressor, and therefore it is ensured that helium-3 is compressed at the low temperature.

The condensation pump type dilution refrigerating machine with the booster pump comprises the pre-cooling module and the dilution module, the pre-cooling module provides the required pre-cooling temperature for the dilution module, the dilution module uses the booster pump working at 1K, 3He circulation is achieved through cooperation of the booster pump and the condensation pump, no room-temperature circulation system is arranged, and therefore the dilution effect is good. And the defects of high heat loss and high compression power consumption in a room temperature circulation mode are overcome. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the booster pump is used, the system can obtain larger circulating flow so as to achieve larger cooling capacity, and the defect that a condensation pump type dilution refrigerator obtains large refrigerating power is overcome.

The invention provides a 3He internal circulation device for a dilution refrigerator and the dilution refrigerator, and relates to the technical field of dilution refrigerators. The dilution refrigerator is provided with a mixing chamber and an evaporation chamber, the 3He internal circulation device comprises at least one pair of circulation main bodies and a driving mechanism, the at least one pair of circulation main bodies are arranged between a first-stage cold disc and a second-stage cold disc which are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction, the temperature of the first-stage cold disc is located in a first temperature zone, and the temperature of the second-stage cold disc is located in a second temperature zone; each circulating main body has a first state in which the circulating main body moves downwards to be in contact with the second-stage cold disc, is cooled to a second temperature zone and adsorbs 3He steam from the evaporation chamber, and a second state in which the circulating main body moves upwards to be in contact with the first-stage cold disc, is heated to the first temperature zone and releases the 3He steam to the mixing chamber. The driving mechanism is suitable for driving the two circulating main bodies in each pair to move in the vertical direction so as to be switched between a first state and a second state, and the two circulating main bodies are kept in different states so as to form a 3He steam inner circulating passage.

Systems and techniques that facilitate scalable cryostats and cryogenic systems are provided. In an embodiment, a cryogenic system can comprise a plurality of unit cells joined together, wherein each unit cell comprises: a trapezoidal-shaped frame, wherein frames from adjacent unit cells are connected in a vacuum-tight manner to form a continuous, global vacuum enclosure, and wherein the unit cells are capable of being horizontally removed from or inserted into the plurality of joined unit cells. Furthermore, each unit cell can comprise at least one temperature shell, wherein temperature shells from adjacent unit cells are connected to form a continuous, global temperature shell. Moreover, each unit cell can comprise at least one cryogenic payload located within the at least one temperature shell, that is cooled by at least one retrofitted version of a standard dilution refrigerator.

The invention discloses a through-type heat exchanger for controlling heat leakage between different last cold stages of a dilution refrigerator and a manufacturing method, and particularly relates to the technical field of refrigeration and low-temperature engineering, the through-type heat exchanger comprises an inlet connecting pipe, an annular upper sealing plate, a heat exchanger shell, an annular lower sealing plate, an outlet connecting pipe and a metal sintering body, an inner wall face fixing step is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the heat exchanger shell, the inner wall face fixing step is close to an opening in the bottom end of the heat exchanger shell, the metal sintering body is arranged in the heat exchanger shell and is tightly matched with the heat exchanger shell, and the length of the metal sintering body is slightly smaller than that of the heat exchanger shell. By arranging the metal sintering body, the heat exchange area is increased to the maximum extent within the limited volume, the porosity and the specific surface area of the metal sintering body are reasonably set, and therefore stable flowing and diffusion of the helium-3 / helium-4 mixed working medium are achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of dilution refrigerators, in particular to a liquid-helium-free dilution refrigerator with a rapid precooling inner cavity structure, which comprises a first rack and a second rack, a top plate is fixedly mounted at the top of the second rack, a top cover is fixedly arranged on the top plate, and a shell assembly is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the top cover. A multi-layer vacuum cavity assembly used for providing a vacuum environment is arranged in the shell assembly, a dilution refrigeration unit and an inner cavity mechanism assembly are arranged on the multi-layer vacuum cavity assembly, and the inner cavity mechanism assembly, the top cover and the multi-layer vacuum cavity assembly are jointly provided with an adjustable inflation and deflation mechanism used for adjusting an air inlet and outlet mode. Through cooperative use of the driving mechanism and the step-by-step regulation and control assembly in the adjustable inflation and deflation mechanism, switching of air inlet and outlet modes is achieved, mode switching of air inlet and outlet through a single through hole and simultaneous air inlet and outlet through multiple vent holes is achieved, and different working modes can be conveniently switched according to actual needs.

The invention provides a gas flow adjusting device and a dilution refrigerator, and relates to the technical field of dilution refrigerators. The gas pipeline is configured to be coiled on the outer side of the supporting body in the height direction of the supporting body, and the gas pipeline is used for conveying 3He steam from the outside; and the extrusion assembly is arranged on the outer side of the gas pipeline, and the extrusion assembly is configured to extrude the gas pipeline in the width direction of the supporting body under the condition that the extrusion assembly is driven by external force so as to reduce the pipe diameter of the gas pipeline, so that the 3He steam forms 3He fluid flowing back to a mixing chamber of the dilution refrigerator after being at least partially liquefied.

The invention provides a calculation module, a wafer level processor and a wafer level computer, the calculation module comprises a plurality of calculation nodes arranged in a preset arrangement mode, and each calculation node comprises a control unit and a plurality of quantum calculation units. The control unit is electrically connected with each quantum computing unit, the control unit is used for deploying computing tasks of each quantum computing unit, and the quantum computing units carry out quantum computing and information storage. The wafer-level processor comprises a plurality of calculation modules, and the wafer-level processor is arranged in a dilution refrigerator to form the wafer-level computer. According to the calculation module, the wafer-level processor and the wafer-level computer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the integration density is improved through a wafer-level integration technology, so that the calculation power of a system is improved.

The utility model discloses an integrated valve group, a gas processing unit, a dilution refrigerator and a quantum computer, the integrated valve group comprises a valve body, a valve core and a control valve, and the gas processing unit comprises an integrated valve group, a gas reservoir, a pump set, a filter, a flow meter and a pressure meter. The dilution refrigerator comprises a gas processing unit, a refrigeration unit, an evacuation unit, a control unit and a pre-cooling unit, and the quantum computer comprises a dilution refrigerator, a line connection subsystem, a quantum chip subsystem and a measurement and control subsystem. Components such as a circulation valve, a pressure meter and a flow meter except a pump set and an air reservoir are uniformly installed on a valve body through an integrated valve set, a valve blind hole is formed in the end face of the integrated valve set, and a closed loop is formed by simulating pipeline connection through an internal preset flow channel; the valve element structure is optimized to be matched with the corresponding valve body, the overall structure is compact, the containerization degree is high, the sealing effect is effectively improved, and the working medium gas leakage risk and the maintenance cost are reduced.

The present invention relates to a super-large cooling capacity dilution refrigerator, comprising a superfluid helium refrigeration module and a dilution refrigeration module. The super-large cooling capacity dilution refrigerator adopts a large superfluid helium refrigerator as a pre-cooling unit, which overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional pre-cooling method such as limited pre-cooling capacity and inconvenient operation, greatly improves the pre-cooling capacity, and thus makes the super-large cooling capacity dilution refrigerator possible; the dilution refrigeration module comprises a 5K 3 He low temperature circulation pump, distiller, heat exchanger group and mixing chamber, this ultra-large cooling capacity dilution refrigerator adopts 5K 3 He low temperature circulation pump replaces the traditional room temperature circulation pump, 5K 3 He cryogenic circulation pump has a compact structure and low vibration, which reduces the heat loss caused by vibration, and 5K 3 The He low-temperature circulating pump is set in the vacuum chamber, which avoids heat loss along the circulating pump pipeline from room temperature to the low-temperature vacuum chamber, reduces heat leakage, and greatly saves 3 The use of He is beneficial to the current extremely scarce 3 Development and application of large-capacity dilution refrigerator products under the current situation of He.

A cold storage material according to an embodiment contains a rare earth aluminum oxide containing at least one rare earth element selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, in which a Group 1 element is contained in an amount of 0.001 atom % or more and 10 atom % or less, and a maximum volumetric specific heat value in a temperature range of 2 K or more and 10 K or less is 0.5 J / (cm3·K) or more.

A cryogenic cooling system comprises a vacuum chamber (101), a plurality of thermal stages (105, 106, 107, 503, 504) cooled to respective temperatures during operation, and a gastight sleeve (301, 401), at least a portion of which protrudes in the vacuum chamber (101). Inside said gastight sleeve (301, 401) are one or more cooling stages (501, 502) of a first cooling module (302). At least a first part (505, 506) of a second cooling module is inside said gastight sleeve (301, 401). A first thermally conductive coupling (508, 509, 510) exists between a first cooling stage (501, 502) and said first part (505, 506) of said second cooling module. A second thermally conductive coupling (515, 516, 521) exists between a first thermal stage (105, 106, 107) and a respective part (304, 305) of said second cooling module.

A dilution refrigerator is provided. The dilution refrigerator includes an outer vacuum chamber comprising at least one substantially planar surface and an opening in the at least one substantially planar surface configured to provide access to an interior of the outer vacuum chamber.

The utility model relates to the technical field of low temperature and extremely low temperature, and provides a low-vibration miniaturized dilution refrigerator which comprises a pre-cooling module, a dilution module, a hot connection component and a dilution refrigeration cycle working medium module. Wherein the pre-cooling module comprises a two-stage Stirling pulse tube refrigerator and a throttling refrigerator; the two-stage Stirling pulse tube refrigerator provides precooling for the throttling refrigerator, and the throttling refrigerator provides precooling for the refrigeration cycle working medium dilution module; the hot connecting part is used for connecting the pre-cooling module and the refrigeration cycle working medium diluting module; the refrigeration cycle working medium dilution module provides a refrigeration cycle working medium for the dilution module. The precooling module comprises two stages of Stirling pulse tube refrigerators coupled with the throttling refrigerator for precooling, and each of the Stirling pulse tube refrigerators and the throttling refrigerator is only provided with one moving part of the linear compressor, so that the vibration and the size of the dilution refrigerator are reduced from the source; and application occasions with strict requirements on vibration and service life are met.

There is provided a regenerative cryogenic system comprising a pulse tube assembly comprising one or more stages configured to generate cryogenic temperatures below 4.2 Kelvin, one or more flanges configured to provide vacuum interface or thermalization, the one or more flanges coupled to the pulse tube assembly, and a still pumping line integrated with the one or more of the flanges, the still pumping line configured to provide a flow path for still gas of a dilution refrigerator.

The invention relates to a multistage coaxial nested cold shield structure for a dilution refrigerator, and relates to the technical field of refrigeration and low-temperature engineering, the multistage coaxial nested cold shield structure comprises a Dewar, the top of the Dewar is provided with a top plate in a sealing manner, and the Dewar is internally provided with a first-stage cold shield, a second-stage cold shield, a third-stage cold shield and a fourth-stage cold shield; the first-stage cold screen, the second-stage cold screen, the third-stage cold screen and the fourth-stage cold screen are coaxially arranged in a nested mode from outside to inside and from bottom to top, and the side walls of the first-stage cold screen, the second-stage cold screen, the third-stage cold screen and the fourth-stage cold screen are each provided with a plating layer and a heat insulation layer. The invention aims to gradually intercept radiation heat flow, minimize radiation heat loss of a low-temperature end, form a graded radiation heat flow barrier in a vacuum cavity of the dilution refrigerator, reduce heat leakage loss of each stage of structural component and guarantee efficient operation of dilution refrigeration cycle, and has the remarkable advantages of strong shielding effect, good thermal coupling with a system, compact structure and the like; and important positive significance is achieved for practical development of the dilution refrigerator.

The invention relates to the field of dilution refrigerators, and particularly discloses a spiral cascade heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator, which comprises a heat exchange mechanism, an upper sealing cover is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the heat exchange mechanism, and a lower sealing cover is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the heat exchange mechanism; the heat exchange mechanism comprises a heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange assembly comprises a heat exchanger body, and a first connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the position, close to the middle, of the upper end of the heat exchanger body; by designing the first flow guide groove and the second flow guide groove which are in the reverse spiral shape, the heat exchange area is greatly increased, cold and hot fluid can make full contact in the flowing process, and therefore the heat exchange efficiency is improved; through the modular design, the equipment can be cascaded up and down according to actual requirements, and the requirements of different application scenes are met; due to the reverse spiral design, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the space is effectively saved.

The invention provides a coaxial cable of a dilution refrigerator based on a superconductor, the dilution refrigerator and superconducting quantum computing equipment. The dilution refrigerator at least comprises a first temperature layer, a second temperature layer, a third temperature layer and a fourth temperature layer, the coaxial cable comprises a conductor layer, an insulating layer and a first shielding layer, and the first shielding layer is arranged on the insulating layer with a first thickness; the coaxial cable includes: a first coaxial cable section disposed in the first temperature layer; the second coaxial cable section is arranged in the second temperature layer; the third coaxial cable section is arranged in the third temperature layer; the fourth coaxial cable section is arranged in the fourth temperature layer; wherein the first thicknesses and materials of the first shielding layers of the first coaxial cable section, the second coaxial cable section, the third coaxial cable section and the fourth coaxial cable section are determined according to a preset combination mode.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a novel integrated superconducting cable for a quantum computer, and relates to the technical field of superconducting composite cable processing, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out the wrapping insulation of an NbTi wire through a PTFE belt, then carrying out the on-line annealing and curing, carrying out the braiding through a tinned copper wire, enabling the tinned copper wire to penetrate into an NbTi capillary tube, carrying out the braiding through the tinned copper wire, and carrying out the cooling. Weaving signal transmission components are obtained; a plurality of NbTi rods are put into holes of a porous copper ingot, non-uniform parts at the head and the tail are sawed off after multi-pass drawing, and a tinned copper wire is adopted for weaving to obtain a woven current transmission component; and assembling the braided signal transmission component and the braided current transmission component into holes of the porous PTFE block to obtain the integrated superconducting cable. The superconducting cable for the quantum computer integrates signal transmission and current transmission functions by combining wrapping insulation, on-line annealing curing, weaving, drawing and assembling technologies, and saves the space of a dilution refrigerator.

The invention provides a gas heat sink and a dilution refrigerator, and relates to the technical field of heat exchange and dilution refrigerators. The gas heat sink comprises a shell, a plurality of flow guide plates and a plurality of partition plates. The two opposite ends of the shell are provided with an input port and an output port which are communicated with the outside. The multiple flow guide plates are arranged in the shell at intervals in the height direction of the shell, and multiple through grooves extending in the length direction of the shell are formed in the flow guide plates. And each guide plate is clamped between two adjacent partition plates and is suitable for enclosing the middle part of the through groove to form a first flow channel. The side wall, facing the input port, of the partition plate and the flow guide plate define a second flow channel communicating with the input port, and the first flow channel communicates with the second flow channel. Wherein the second flow channel is constructed to guide gas input from the input port to enter the multiple first flow channels through multiple times of diffusion in the height direction of the shell, and the shell is constructed to exchange heat with the gas through the flow guide plate and the partition plate and transmit heat to an external cold source.

The invention relates to the technical field of extremely low temperature refrigeration, and provides a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger which comprises an outer barrel and an inner barrel which are connected in a sleeving mode and share the same center shaft. A containing cavity is formed between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, and the two ends of the containing cavity are each provided with an end cover; two spiral guide plates which are arranged around the central shaft and have the same rotating direction are also arranged in the accommodating cavity; a runner is formed between the two guide plates; n partition plates which are the same as the flow channels in spiral direction are arranged in each flow channel; and the flow channel is divided into N + 1 parallel sub-flow channels by the N partition plates. In this way, the two spiral flow channels are formed in the containing cavity, and the partition plates are arranged in each flow channel to form the multiple sub-flow channels. Parallel flow heat exchange, multi-stage heat exchange or multi-heat-exchange-surface cross heat exchange of multiple media can be achieved. The heat exchange efficiency and the heat exchange effect are improved, and the method can be applied to various scenes. The invention further provides a dilution refrigerator.

1. The name of this design product: Dilution refrigerator. 2. Purpose of this design product: Used to provide a very low temperature continuous operating environment close to absolute zero for quantum computers. In addition to the field of quantum computing, dilution refrigerators are widely used in cutting-edge technology fields such as condensed matter physics, materials science, and deep space exploration. 3. The key point of the design of this product lies in its shape. 4. The picture or photo that best illustrates the design points: three-dimensional picture.

A technique for measuring superconducting qubits using low-frequency microwave signals within a dilution refrigerator is provided. In one example, a cryogenic microwave system for measuring superconducting qubits using microwave signals includes a dilution refrigerator system for a quantum processor. The dilution refrigerator system converts a microwave signal associated with qubit information into a reduced-frequency microwave signal based on a Josephson mixer circuit located within the dilution refrigerator system. The reduced-frequency microwave signal includes a frequency lower than the qubit frequency and a readout resonator frequency associated with the quantum processor.

The invention provides a vibration isolation component for a dilution refrigerator and the dilution refrigerator, and relates to the technical field of vibration reduction and dilution refrigerators. The vibration isolation component for the dilution refrigerator comprises a vibration isolation body and a connecting assembly. A plurality of cavities used for absorbing vibration waves are formed in the vibration isolation body. The connecting assembly comprises a first base and a second base which are connected with the two ends of the vibration isolation body correspondingly. The connecting assembly further comprises a first set of side plates and a second set of side plates which are arranged around the vibration isolation body, the first ends of the first set of side plates are connected with the first base, and the second ends of the first set of side plates extend out of the second base and are connected with an isolation target. The first ends of the second group of side plates are connected with the second base, and the second ends of the second group of side plates extend out of the first base and are connected with a vibration source.

Inside the vacuum enclosure (101) of a cryostat, a plurality of temperature stages form an ordered series in a primary direction. They are cooled to respective cryogenically cooled temperatures with stages (104, 106) of a staged cooling system. A first dilution refrigerator (1001) comprises a first still (109) and a first mixing chamber (110), of which said first still (109) is located on a first still flange (501) and said first mixing chamber (110) is located on a first mixing chamber flange (502). A second dilution refrigerator (1002) comprises a second still (301) and a second mixing chamber (302), of which said second still (301) is located on a second still flange (504) and said second mixing chamber (302) is located on a second mixing chamber flange (505). Said first still flange (501) is thermally separate from said second still flange (504). Said first mixing chamber flange (502) is thermally separate from said second mixing chamber flange (505). Said second dilution refrigerator (1002) is configured for a larger cooling power than said first dilution refrigerator (1001).

Systems and techniques that facilitate scalable cryostats and cryogenic systems are provided. In an embodiment, a cryogenic system (300) can comprise a plurality of unit cells (304) joined together, wherein each unit cell comprises: a trapezoidal-shaped frame (704), wherein frames from adjacent unit cells are connected in a vacuum-tight manner to form a continuous, global vacuum enclosure, and wherein the unit cells are capable of being horizontally removed from or inserted into the plurality of joined unit cells. Furthermore, each unit cell can comprise at least one temperature shell (508, 510, 512), wherein temperature shells from adjacent unit cells are connected to form a continuous, global temperature shell. Moreover, each unit cell can comprise at least one cryogenic payload (514) located within the at least one temperature shell, that is cooled by at least one retrofitted version of a standard dilution refrigerator.

The utility model discloses a dilution refrigerator and a quantum computer with the dilution refrigerator. The dilution refrigerator is hung on a supporting frame. The dilution refrigerator comprises N cold plates and shielding barrels connected with the cold plates in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and N is larger than or equal to 2. The cold plates are connected with the shielding barrel to form temperature zones, the n temperature zone sleeves the (n + 1) temperature zone, n is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N-1, and two adjacent cold plates are connected; a rotating piece for enabling the cold disc and the shielding barrel to generate relative rotation is arranged between the cold disc and the shielding barrel; maintenance doors are arranged on all the shielding barrels, and the shielding barrels rotate to drive the maintenance doors to the maintenance positions. The rotating part is arranged on the cold disc, the shielding barrel is made to rotate on the rotating part through the driving mechanism, in the rotating process of the shielding barrel, the maintenance door is made to rotate to the position needing to be maintained, any position in the dilution refrigerator can be maintained under the conditions that the shielding barrel is not disassembled and the maintenance doors are arranged as few as possible, operation is convenient, and the maintenance efficiency is improved. And sealing is ensured.