658results about "Refrigeration machines" patented technology

A method for cooling an information technology system, comprising: receiving a flow of at least a subcooled liquid phase change refrigerant; cooling the information technology system by sensible heat transfer in an evaporator, to produce at least gaseous refrigerant; and exchanging heat from the at least gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator to the subcooled liquid phase change refrigerant. The phase change refrigerant may be a hydrofluorocarbon ether having a boiling point of 30-65° C. at 1-12 bar.

The invention is an apparatus for amplifying cooling through interaction with electromagnetic radiation for optical of objects and / or object surfaces with essentially three layers, which are a bottom layer that is comprised of a single or multi layered material configured to emit IR radiation; a middle layer that is comprised of a single or multi layered material configured to respond in anti-Stokes fluorescence upon absorption of electromagnetic radiation; and a top layer that is comprised of a single or multi layered material configured to reflect selected spectral band(s) and / or amplify selected spectral band(s) of the electromagnetic radiation transmittable to the middle layer.

In one aspect, a heat transfer apparatus including a process fluid heat exchange circuit having a mechanical cooler with hot and cold side heat exchangers and a hybrid cooler to receive process fluid from the hot side heat exchanger and provide cooled process fluid to the cold side heat exchanger. The hybrid cooler includes direct and indirect heat exchangers. The hybrid cooler has a dry mode and a hybrid mode. The heat transfer apparatus includes a controller configured to operate the process fluid heat exchange circuit in one of a plurality of modes based at least in part upon a determination of a thermal duty of the heat transfer apparatus.

Passive cooling article (120) includes a plurality of first elements (122) defining a high absorbance in the atmospheric window wavelength range and defining high average reflectance in the solar wavelength range and a plurality of second elements (124) defining a low absorbance in the atmospheric window wavelength range and defining high average reflectance in the solar wavelength range, wherein the plurality of first (122) and second (124) elements are interspersed to form a major structure having a first major surface (130) comprising the first element outer surfaces (126) and the second element outer surfaces (128), wherein the first element outer surfaces (126) face a first direction toward a first end region (136) of the major structure (130) and the second element outer surfaces (128) face a second direction toward a second end region (136) of the major structure. The article (120) may be applied to a substrate (104), for example, on a generally vertical surface of a vehicle or stationary structure.

The invention provides a radiation refrigeration plate combining a sky radiation refrigeration material and a plate heat exchanger, and relates to the technical field of refrigeration, the radiation refrigeration plate comprises a sky radiation refrigeration material layer, a plate heat exchanger assembly, a fan cover layer and a heat insulation material layer, the sky radiation refrigeration material layer has high reflectivity in a solar spectrum wave band and has high emissivity in an atmospheric window wave band, and the plate heat exchanger assembly has high reflectivity in a heat insulation material layer; and heat can be efficiently radiated to the outer space. The plate heat exchanger assembly comprises an enhanced heat exchange tube and a nanofluid, and the nanofluid is filled in the enhanced heat exchange tube and used for heat transfer and transport capacity and enhancing the heat exchange effect. And the fan cover covers the sky radiation refrigeration material. The heat insulation material layer is laid on the portion, except the top face, of the radiation refrigeration plate so as to reduce heat loss of the system to the surrounding environment, and the refrigeration effect is guaranteed. By means of the structure, working modes in the daytime and at night are achieved, the heat transfer efficiency of the system is greatly improved, energy consumption is reduced, and the efficient radiation refrigeration effect of all-weather continuous operation at the temperature lower than the environment temperature is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of radiation refrigeration materials, in particular to a polyimide fiber membrane for radiation refrigeration and a preparation method and application thereof. The polyimide fiber membrane for radiation refrigeration comprises polyimide-containing resin and inorganic particles, the polyimide-containing resin is prepared from diamine and dianhydride, the diamine is selected from a combination of diamine A and other diamines, and the diamine A comprises at least one of 4-aminobenzene-2, 5-pyridine diamine and 4, 4 '-diaminodiphenylamine; the dianhydride at least comprises dianhydride B, and the dianhydride B is selected from at least one of 1, 2, 4, 5-hydrogenated pyromellitic dianhydride, 3, 3 ', 4, 4'-dicyclohexyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4, 4 '-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride. The invention has the advantages of high whiteness, high temperature resistance, ultraviolet resistance, high relative refractive index and higher infrared absorptivity.

The invention provides a radiation refrigeration and photo-thermal integrated Janus polylactic acid fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof, the method comprises the following steps: step S1, dissolving a silicon source, an alkaline solvent A and deionized water in an alcohol solvent B, and mixing through UV irradiation to obtain a SiO2 suspension; s2, polylactic acid is dissolved in a solvent C, a polylactic acid fiber membrane is prepared through an electric centrifugal spinning technology, then the polylactic acid fiber membrane is soaked in the SiO2 suspension liquid, and a cooling layer fiber membrane is obtained; and S3, dissolving a photo-thermal functional factor, polylactic acid and a dispersing agent in a solvent D to obtain a heating layer spinning solution, preparing heating layer fibers through an electric centrifugal electrostatic spinning technology, and depositing the heating layer fibers on a cooling layer fiber membrane. The Janus polylactic acid fiber membrane prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has cold and hot dual functions, and the temperature adjusting range is widened. The two-way temperature adjusting mechanism can reduce the body surface temperature in a hot environment, heat is generated in a cold environment to meet the heat requirement, and the heat comfort requirement of a human body in different seasons is met.

The invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving materials, and discloses a preparation method of a self-assembled multilayer radiation refrigeration film, the self-assembled multilayer radiation refrigeration film comprises: a surface coating composed of a super-hydrophobic coating and used for providing anti-fouling and self-cleaning functions; the top layer is composed of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and has high sunlight reflectivity; the middle layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene layer with a hierarchical porous structure and provides thermal insulation and efficient mid-infrared emission; the bottom layer is composed of graphene oxide, has high heat conduction performance and promotes heat transfer; and the substrate is a flexible polyester film PET and is used as a supporting structure. Through the titanium dioxide nano-particle design of the top layer and the graded porous structure of the middle layer, the film achieves the reflectivity exceeding 90% in the sunlight band (400-2500nm), meanwhile, the film has the radiance exceeding 85% in the middle infrared band (8-13mu m), and due to the optical performance, surface heat absorption can be remarkably reduced under the intense sunlight condition.

The invention discloses a double-selectivity all-inorganic radiation refrigeration film and a preparation method thereof.The film comprises an adhesion layer, a metal reflection layer and a multi-layer dielectric film layer, the adhesion layer is arranged on a bottom layer, the metal reflection layer is arranged on the upper surface of the adhesion layer, and the multi-layer dielectric film layer is arranged on the upper surface of the metal reflection layer; the multi-layer dielectric film layer comprises a quasi-periodic multi-layer film structure which is formed by two materials of which the refractive index difference is greater than a preset threshold value according to a preset thickness in a preset arrangement mode; wherein the number of layers, the preset arrangement mode and the preset thickness of the multiple dielectric film layers are obtained by optimizing an ideal spectrum selectively emitted by the double atmospheric transmission windows as an optimization target. The radiation refrigeration film has the characteristic of high reflection in the solar spectrum range, and can selectively emit infrared rays at the first atmospheric window and the second atmospheric window at the same time, so that the radiation refrigeration film has higher refrigeration potential than an existing radiation refrigeration emitter.

The invention relates to a photovoltaic heat dissipation enhanced radiation refrigeration cement-based composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material comprises white Portland cement, radiation refrigeration particles and water, the radiation refrigeration particles comprise alpha aluminum oxide and barium sulfate, the mass fraction of the radiation refrigeration particles relative to the total solid content in the composite material is 30%-60%, and the mass ratio of the alpha aluminum oxide to the barium sulfate is 1: 1-2: 1; the average particle size of the radiation refrigeration particles is 0.3-10 [mu] m; the mass fraction of the white Portland cement relative to the total solid content in the composite material is 40-70%. Compared with the prior art, the reflectivity and emissivity of the material are improved, efficient photovoltaic thermal management is achieved, meanwhile, the material has the advantages of being low in cost, simple in process, high in stability and the like, development of the building photovoltaic integrated technology is expected to be promoted, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Embodiments described herein relate to a self-adaptive thermal management system. The thermal management system includes a first body, a second body, and a third body. The second body has a first layer and a second layer formed from a Weyl semimetal and a third layer sandwiched between the first layer and the second layer. The third layer is formed from a vanadium dioxide film. The second body is spaced apart from the first body. The third body is spaced apart from the second body. The second body is a modulator configured to transition between a metallic phase and an insulating phase dependent on a temperature to regulate a heat from the first body to the third body through the second body in a self-adaptive manner dependent on the temperature.

Barocaloric heat transfer systems and related methods are generally described. In some embodiments, a heat transfer system may include a barocaloric material which may generate heat upon compression and may cool down upon decompression. The barocaloric material may be pressurized using high pressure and low pressure fluids, which may, in some embodiments, also transfer heat to / from the barocaloric material. The heat transfer system may also include a hot heat exchanger to dissipate heat from the heat transfer system to a first environment and a cold heat exchanger to absorb heat from a second environment, effectively cooling the second environment. In some embodiments, the barocaloric material may be in particulate form.

The invention relates to the technical field of functional materials, and particularly discloses polyvinyl alcohol-based aerogel with radiation cooling and fireproof characteristics as well as a preparation method and application of the polyvinyl alcohol-based aerogel. The preparation method comprises the following steps: compounding polyvinyl alcohol with radiation cooling hybrid particles containing elements such as P, N and Si, and preparing high-whiteness polyvinyl alcohol-based aerogel with a micro-nano dual-scale porous structure through a freeze-drying method; the double-scale porous structure of the aerogel enhances diffuse reflection of light; molecular bonds such as C-C, C-H, Si-O, N-H, P-O and the like are efficiently emitted in an atmospheric window area. The phonon polarization-phonon resonance characteristic of the hybrid particles is beneficial to radiation emission of heat and reduction of absorption of sunlight, and meanwhile, elements such as P, N and Si effectively improve the flame retardant property of polyvinyl alcohol. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and low in cost, and the prepared polyvinyl alcohol-based aerogel shows excellent refrigeration effect and fireproof safety and can be applied to the fields of building energy conservation and the like.

The invention relates to a high-reflectivity high-entropy rare earth phosphate radiation refrigeration pigment, the high-entropy rare earth phosphate radiation refrigeration pigment has a monazite phase with a monoclinic system structure, the chemical formula of the pigment is (A1xA2yA3zA4uA5v) PO4, A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 are any five rare earth cations of La, Ce, Yb, Gd, Nd and Eu, the cations are in an equimolar ratio, and x, y, z, u and v meet the condition that x + y + z + u + v = 2. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-entropy rare earth phosphate radiation refrigeration pigment. The high-entropy rare earth phosphate radiation refrigeration pigment has high infrared emissivity in air, the emissivity reaches 0.90 or above within the wave band of 8-13 microns, the solar reflectivity reaches 0.93 or above within the wave band of 0.3-2.5 microns, and the high-entropy rare earth phosphate radiation refrigeration pigment has wide application prospects in the fields of building energy conservation, urban heat island effect reduction, photovoltaic power generation efficiency improvement and the like.

An atomic object confined in a particular region of an atomic object confinement apparatus is cooled using an S-to-P-to-D EIT cooling operation. A controller associated with the atomic object confinement apparatus controls first and second manipulation sources to respectively provide first and second manipulation signals to the particular region. The first manipulation signal is characterized by a first wavelength corresponding to a transition between an S manifold and a P manifold of a first component of the atomic object and detuned from the S-to-P transition by a first detuning. The second manipulation signal is characterized by a second wavelength corresponding to a transition between the P manifold and a D manifold of the first component and detuned from the P-to-D transition by a second detuning. The first and second detunings selected to establish a dark state associated with a two-photon transition between the S manifold and the D manifold.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a PLA (polylactic acid) / PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) radiation refrigeration composite film based on an electrostatic spinning method, and belongs to the field of radiation refrigeration materials. And preparing the polymer radiation composite fiber membrane by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology. The obtained micro-nano size fiber film has a porous structure, can realize a strong Mie scattering effect on solar wavelength, improves the solar reflectivity of the radiation film, and realizes the reflectivity of 85% or above within the wavelength of 400-1400 nm and the relatively high infrared emissivity of 90% within the wavelength of 8-13 [mu] m. The radiation cooling composite film has great application potential value in the field of low-temperature grain storage.

An atomic object confined in a particular region of an atomic object confinement apparatus is cooled using an S-to-P-to-D EIT cooling operation. A controller associated with the atomic object confinement apparatus controls first and second manipulation sources to respectively provide first and second manipulation signals to the particular region. The first manipulation signal is characterized by a first wavelength corresponding to a transition between an S manifold and a P manifold of a first component of the atomic object and detuned from the S-to-P transition by a first detuning. The second manipulation signal is characterized by a second wavelength corresponding to a transition between the P manifold and a D manifold of the first component and detuned from the P-to-D transition by a second detuning. The first and second detunings selected to establish a dark state associated with a two-photon transition between the S manifold and the D manifold.

The invention discloses a dual-temperature self-adaptive building cooling energy-saving device based on passive radiation cooling. The device is composed of an outdoor straight pipe coated with a self-adaptive passive radiation refrigeration coating, an indoor top coil pipe used for heat exchange, a top liquid storage tank, a bottom liquid storage tank, an electromagnetic valve and a temperature sensor which are connected with a central controller, and a pipeline system connected with the electromagnetic valve and the temperature sensor. The working fluid is introduced into the indoor top for direct heat exchange, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, meanwhile, the working state can be automatically adjusted according to the self-modulation effect of the self-adaptive passive radiation refrigeration coating and the difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures and the set temperature, the building is prevented from being too cold, and therefore energy is saved for the building all the year round; the device has the advantages of being energy-saving, environment-friendly, simple in operation and structure, wide in application range and the like, and is particularly suitable for buildings or devices with high internal heat productivity, such as machine rooms, boiler rooms, steelmaking workshops, power transformation boxes and the like.

The invention discloses a Janus type flexible radiation refrigeration material and a preparation method thereof.The Janus type flexible radiation refrigeration material is characterized in that a modified radiation refrigeration layer and a functional layer are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of a substrate fiber layer with specific functional groups, and on one hand, the substrate fiber layer can be subjected to esterification or silanization bonding with the amino silane modified radiation refrigeration layer; the material can be subjected to an esterification reaction with a carboxylation modified functional layer, so that the three-layer material interface is chemically bonded, the bonding force of the interface is effectively improved, the dynamic stability is effectively improved on the basis of ensuring the optical performance and the mechanical flexibility, and the application of the radiation refrigeration material is promoted.

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoelastic refrigeration alloy materials and preparation processes of alloys of the thermoelastic refrigeration alloy materials. The material can obtain remarkable adiabatic temperature change near the room temperature, and is an ideal near-room-temperature elastic heat refrigerating working medium. The chemical formula of the Ni-Mn-Ti-Si elastic thermal refrigeration alloy material is Ni < 50-x > Mn < 3 2.5-y > Ti < 17.5 + y > Si < x >, the sum of mole numbers of elements in the alloy is 100, x is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to 4, and y is larger than or equal to 0 and smaller than or equal to 2.5. According to the preparation method, the Ni-Mn-Ti-Si elastic thermal refrigeration alloy block blank is prepared through raw material proportioning, vacuum arc repeated smelting, polycrystalline cast ingot preparation, annealing under the protection of high-purity inert gas and then rapid water cooling. Under the action of external stress, the adiabatic temperature change range of the alloy block ranges from 2.4 K to 15.1 K, and the adiabatic temperature change range ranges from-2.0 K to-14.8 K.

The present application relates to a kind of photovoltaic direct-drive air source injection-compression combined cycle heat pump cogeneration system, the system includes refrigerant system, hot water system, power generation / power supply system, by compressor, check valve, hot water heat exchanger, two-phase ejector, gas-liquid separator, electronic expansion valve, intermediate cooler, finned heat exchanger, water pump, photovoltaic array, direct-current converter, AC / DC inverter is formed, system can realize cogeneration.The present application introduces injection refrigeration technology into air source heat pump technology, to reduce the throttling loss and overheating loss of traditional vapor compression cycle process, improve system performance;While using the method of low injection rate to supercool finned heat exchanger inlet refrigerant, the uniformity of finned heat exchanger refrigerant distribution is guaranteed, and its heat exchange efficiency is improved.The present application makes full use of renewable energy solar energy and air energy, realizes electric energy self-production, energy saving, efficient, green, low carbon.

The invention discloses an adsorption type refrigeration development data center waste heat recovery system, and relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery, the adsorption type refrigeration development data center waste heat recovery system comprises a plurality of liquid cooling racks, and each liquid cooling rack is provided with a server and a water-cooling cold plate on a central processing unit; the at least one rack water heat exchanger is used for transferring heat collected from the liquid cooling rack to inlet water of a building cooling system; an intermediate heat exchanger for partially recovering heat discharged by the liquid cooling rack; the steam compression cooling machines are used for providing cooling water for the inter-row cooling units; and the adsorption type cooling machine is used for driving a refrigeration process by utilizing waste heat discharged by the liquid cooling rack and generating cooling water to be supplied to the inter-row cooling unit. By introducing the adsorption type refrigeration technology, waste heat of the data center can be used for driving the refrigeration process, so that extra cooling capacity is generated, consumption of external energy is reduced, and the overall energy utilization efficiency of the data center can be improved.

The electrochromism, photochromism and radiation refrigeration coupled intelligent window device comprises a color changing module, a radiation refrigeration module, two glass substrates and a controller module, the color changing module comprises an electrochromic module, an electrochromic-photochromic coupling color changing module and a conductive diaphragm. On the basis of relatively independently controlling the visible light transmittance and the near-infrared transmittance based on electrochromism, the external illumination intensity is perceived through photochromism, the light transmittance is adaptively reduced, the problem that a traditional intelligent window is single in regulation and control mode and control strategy is solved, and the control effect is improved. Efficient control over the indoor environment through the intelligent window in the complex environment is effectively achieved; effective combination of the dimming glass and the radiation refrigeration technology is achieved, the problems that the temperature of the glass is high and heat is transferred indoors under the conditions that the transmittance of the glass is reduced and the absorptivity of the glass is increased are solved, the temperature of the glass is effectively reduced through the radiation refrigeration technology, the energy-saving efficiency is improved, and the service life of the glass is prolonged. And the dual requirements of a user on energy conservation and a comfortable environment are met.

The invention discloses a humidity response discoloration radiation refrigeration material which comprises a scattering layer and an iridescent photon film arranged on the surface of the scattering layer, the iridescent photon film is a cellulose nanocrystal / polyethylene glycol composite film, and the scattering layer is a polylactic acid-silicon dioxide-aluminum oxide composite nanofiber film. Through the composite design of the top cellulose nanocrystal / polyethylene glycol iridescent photon film and the bottom PLA / SiO2 / Al2O3 scattering layer, coupling of color mirror reflection of the color radiation refrigeration function layer constructed by CNC / PEG composite and broadband diffusion response of the electrostatic spinning film reflecting layer is achieved, and the negative effects of moisture absorption and color development on the reflectivity are reduced; color intelligent response and efficient radiation refrigeration are successfully combined; the preparation method is simple in process, the adopted raw materials are all degradable and renewable materials, the cost is low, and industrial popularization and application are easy.

Embodiments described herein relate to a bi-functional thermal cooling system. The bi-functional thermal cooling system includes a first body, a second body, and a third body. The second body has a first plurality of Weyl semimetal nanostructures. The second body is spaced apart from the first body. The third body has a second plurality of Weyl semimetal nanostructures. The third body is spaced apart from the second body. The second body and the third body are each configured to independently rotate with respect to the first body to change an optical property of the first plurality of Weyl semimetal nanostructures of the second body and an optical property of the second plurality of Weyl semimetal nanostructures of the third body.

An embodiment colored laminate for radiative cooling includes a colored layer including a first thermoplastic resin, a first light reflecting layer on the colored layer and having a reflectance equal to or higher than 80% for light having a wavelength in a range from 780 to 1,300 nm and a transmittance equal to or higher than 70% for visible light having a wavelength in a range from 400 to 780 nm, a second light reflecting layer on the first light reflecting layer, the second light reflecting layer including a first metal protective layer, a metal layer, and a second metal protective layer sequentially stacked on the first light reflecting layer, an adhesive layer on the second light reflecting layer, and an infrared-ray radiating layer on the adhesive layer.

The present invention relates to a cryogenic cooling system and method for particular use in cooling superconducting cables over extended distances, the system and method involving the evaporation of liquid cryogen though an array of spray generators thereby effecting heat transfer utilising the latent heat of vaporisation and optionally through sensible heat transfer in order to provide improved cryogenic cooling over extended distances.

The invention provides a permafrost region heat exchange system which comprises an underground heat exchange assembly, a road surface heat exchange assembly and a ground source heat pump system, the underground heat exchange assembly comprises a pipe pile and a first heat exchange pipe, the first heat exchange pipe is arranged in the pipe pile and is provided with a first working medium, and the pipe pile and the first heat exchange pipe are located in a foundation of a road and extend into a permafrost layer; the road surface heat exchange assembly comprises a second heat exchange pipe, and a second working medium is arranged in the second heat exchange pipe. And the ground source heat pump system, the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe form a first passage and a second passage. The first heat exchange pipe is pre-buried in the pipe pile, the first heat exchange pipe exchanges heat with the ground source heat pump system, and heat in a foundation is transferred to the ground source heat pump system. The road surface heat exchange assembly plays a role in heat preservation, heat of the second heat exchange pipe is effectively prevented from being conducted downwards, and the stability of the frozen soil layer is protected. The first heat exchange pipe can extract heat from the foundation in cold seasons, snow accumulated on the road surface is melted, and safe passing of the road is ensured.

The present invention relates to a technical purpose that minimizes the absorption of light in the solar spectrum, while absorbing and radiating long wavelength infrared rays corresponding to the wavelength range of the atmospheric window, and radiating the heat below the element to the outside, thereby cooling the temperature of the material surface or below the material, thereby reducing the temperature of the material surface or below the material. The present invention is a technique for providing a radiation cooling element of a multilayer structure, which performs selective radiation in a wavelength range of an atmospheric window using a radiation cooling element of a multilayer structure having a polymer and an inorganic substance, and at the same time, can increase reflection of sunlight by means of a difference in refractive index of a molding material.