129 results about "Cryogenic system" patented technology

Systems and techniques that facilitate scalable cryostats and cryogenic systems are provided. In an embodiment, a cryogenic system can comprise a plurality of unit cells joined together, wherein each unit cell comprises: a trapezoidal-shaped frame, wherein frames from adjacent unit cells are connected in a vacuum-tight manner to form a continuous, global vacuum enclosure, and wherein the unit cells are capable of being horizontally removed from or inserted into the plurality of joined unit cells. Furthermore, each unit cell can comprise at least one temperature shell, wherein temperature shells from adjacent unit cells are connected to form a continuous, global temperature shell. Moreover, each unit cell can comprise at least one cryogenic payload located within the at least one temperature shell, that is cooled by at least one retrofitted version of a standard dilution refrigerator.

A modular distributed cryogenic distribution system, comprising: a common chamber housing cryogenic fluid conduits; and a plurality of cryochambers connected to the common chamber. A method of operating a modular distributed cryogenic distribution system comprising a common chamber housing cryogenic fluid conduits, and plural cryochambers connected to the common chamber, includes raising one the plurality of cryochambers room temperature while a second one of the plurality of cryochambers operates at a cryogenic temperature.

The disclosure describes various aspects of a vibrationally isolated cryogenic shield for local high-quality vacuum. More specifically, the disclosure describes a cryogenic vacuum system replicated in a small volume in a mostly room temperature ultra-high vacuum (UHV) system by capping the volume with a suspended cryogenic cold finger coated with a high surface area sorption material to produce a localized extreme high vacuum (XHV) or near-XHV region. The system is designed to ensure that all paths from outgassing materials to the control volume, including multiple bounce paths off other warm surfaces, require at least one bounce off of the high surface area sorption material on the cold finger. The outgassing materials can therefore be pumped before reaching the control volume. To minimize vibrations, the cold finger is only loosely, mechanically connected to the rest of the chamber, and the isolated along with the cryogenic system via soft vacuum bellows.

The invention discloses a temperature-variable superconducting magnet low-temperature testing system and method, and relates to the technical field of superconducting magnet low-temperature testing. The system specifically comprises a superconducting magnet circulation loop which is configured to be communicated with a superconducting magnet to be tested to form a closed circulation channel for helium flow; the heat exchanger is arranged in the superconducting magnet circulation loop and is configured to cool helium in the superconducting magnet circulation loop through heat exchange with an external low-temperature medium; the helium circulating pump is arranged in the superconducting magnet circulating loop and is used for driving helium to perform forced flow circulation in the closed-loop circulating channel; the temperature control assembly comprises a heater arranged in the superconducting magnet circulation loop; wherein the flow and the temperature of helium entering the superconducting magnet to be tested are controlled by adjusting the helium circulating pump and the heater. The invention aims to design a test system which does not need an expensive refrigerator, is simple and convenient to operate and can realize accurate control of a wide temperature zone and a forced flow cooling environment.

The invention discloses a real-time online superconducting accelerator low-temperature system construction method and system.The method comprises the steps that physical property calculation in a low-temperature system is simplified, and a simplified physical property function of a working medium in the low-temperature system is obtained; the key point temperature is simulated according to the combination of a one-dimensional pipeline model and a 0-dimensional tank sub-model based on an agent model technology, the one-dimensional pipeline model is used for simulating the delay of heat transfer, and the 0-dimensional tank sub-model is used for simulating heat capacity; and responding to the simplified physical property function and the key point temperature, and solving node parameters in the low-temperature system by adopting a large-scale nonlinear sparse matrix equation. According to the invention, the fast simulator which operates independently can be provided, and meanwhile, the fast simulator can be combined with a real low-temperature system to operate to provide analysis and prediction functions for the real low-temperature system.

The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature system integration, in particular to a helium liquefaction and recondensation chip test low-temperature system which comprises a liquid helium test cavity, a pulse tube refrigerating machine and a helium tank, the pulse tube refrigerating machine comprises a refrigerating machine compressor, a refrigerating machine cold head and a refrigerating machine cold screen, and the refrigerating machine cold head is connected with a condensation heat exchanger. The liquid helium testing cavity and the condensing heat exchanger are located in the refrigerating machine cold screen, the refrigerating machine cold head is communicated with the liquid helium testing cavity through a cold helium return pipeline, and the condensing heat exchanger is communicated with the liquid helium testing cavity through a liquid helium return pipeline. The helium tank is connected with the refrigerator cold head through a pipeline. The liquid helium testing cavity is used for containing liquid helium to provide a soaking testing environment, the problem of electromagnetic interference is avoided, cold helium evaporated in the liquid helium testing cavity flows back into the liquid helium testing cavity from the liquid helium backflow pipeline after being condensed through the condensation heat exchanger, and zero evaporation of the liquid helium in the superconducting chip testing process is achieved. And long-term test requirements of large-scale superconducting chips can be met.

In a general aspect, a flexible cable communicates electromagnetic signals in a cryogenic system. In some aspects, the flexible cable includes a signal layer and a ground layer. The signal layer includes signal lines embedded in adhesive material. Each signal line includes a multilayer structure. The multilayer structure includes a layer of non-superconducting material and a layer of rhenium metal. The ground layer is laminated to the signal layer.

There is provided a regenerative cryogenic system comprising a pulse tube assembly comprising one or more stages configured to generate cryogenic temperatures below 4.2 Kelvin, one or more flanges configured to provide vacuum interface or thermalization, the one or more flanges coupled to the pulse tube assembly, and a still pumping line integrated with the one or more of the flanges, the still pumping line configured to provide a flow path for still gas of a dilution refrigerator.

Systems and techniques for facilitating scalable cryostats and cryogenic systems are provided. In one embodiment, the cryogenic system (300) may include a plurality of unit cells (304) coupled together, wherein each unit cell includes a trapezoidal frame (704) wherein the frames from adjacent unit cells are vacuum-sealed to form a continuous global vacuum enclosure, and wherein the unit cells are horizontally removable from or inserted into the plurality of coupled unit cells. Furthermore, each unit cell may include at least one temperature housing (508, 510, 512) wherein temperature housings from adjacent unit cells are coupled to form a continuous global temperature housing. Moreover, each unit cell may include at least one cryogenic payload (514) located within at least one temperature housing, which is cooled by at least one modified version of a standard dilution refrigeration unit.

The invention provides a cryogenic system and a vacuum processing method, which can improve the maintaining precision of the exhaust speed in a cryopump. The height of the heat shield (11) is a first height (H11). Among the regions defined by the heat shield case (11) and the baffle (13), a region extending from the opening (11A) of the heat shield case (11) to 1 / 2 of the first height (H11) is a temperature adjustment region (10S). At least one of a portion of the heat shield (11) included in the temperature adjustment region (10S) and the baffle (13) is a portion to be heated. A cryogenic system (1) is provided with: a temperature sensor (15) positioned within a temperature adjustment region (10S); a heating unit (16) that heats the portion to be heated; and a control unit (20) that controls the driving of the heating unit (16). The control unit (20) controls the driving of the heating unit (16) on the basis of the value detected by the temperature sensor (15) so that the temperature of the shutter (13) becomes a prescribed value.

The application discloses a superconducting motor rotor and a motor rotor low-temperature system. The superconducting motor rotor comprises an outer frame, a support framework, a superconducting magnet and an intermediate shaft. The inner part of the outer frame is formed with a vacuum cavity, the support framework is located in the vacuum cavity, the superconducting magnet is connected to the support framework, and the intermediate shaft is fixedly connected to the outer frame and located on the inner side of the support framework, thereby forming a rotor structure of the superconducting motor. The cooling assembly can realize the cooling of the superconducting magnet by cooling the support framework, so that the rotor is in a low-temperature environment. Since the intermediate shaft is internally provided with a mounting cavity, the mounting cavity can be used for mounting the low-temperature assembly of the cooling rotor. The low-temperature assembly is mounted in the inner part of the rotor, so that the land area of the external low-temperature system component can be effectively reduced. The vacuum cavity formed in the inner part of the outer frame can be heat-insulated, thereby creating a good low-temperature environment for the rotor.

A system and method for transfer of signals between an inside of a cryogenic system and an external environment including at least one optical source (e.g., a laser) for generating optical input signals and at least one fibre for transferring modulated optical signals to the inside of the cryogenic system and receiving optical output signals from the inside of the cryogenic system. A plurality of detectors, located in the external environment, is used for detecting the optical output signals and are connected to the fibre. A plurality of first transducers converts the modulated optical signals to microwave input signals and a plurality of second transducers converts the microwave input signals to optical output signals. A first microwave impedance matching resonator is connected to the plurality of first transducers and a second microwave impedance matching resonator is connected to the plurality of second transducers.

The invention discloses a non-contact current compensation method for a high-temperature superconducting electric suspension magnet. The non-contact current compensation method specifically comprises the steps that zero-flux suspension coils are installed on a ground track at equal intervals in the train running direction; the low-temperature system is composed of an outer Dewar, a radiation screen and a refrigerating machine. The vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet is directly conducted and cooled through a refrigerating machine, and the vehicle-mounted power generation coil and the vehicle-mounted excitation coil are installed on the outer side and the inner side of the outer Dewar respectively. The surface of the radiation screen is provided with a high-temperature superconducting tape, and two ends are connected with a vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet to form a closed loop. When a train runs, the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet induces current in the suspension coil, the vehicle-mounted power generation coil generates power by using a harmonic magnetic field of the suspension coil, the vehicle-mounted excitation coil generates a traveling wave magnetic field and induces voltage on the high-temperature superconducting strip, and based on the magnetic flux quantum coupling theory, the induced voltage has a direct-current component. The vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet is excited, and attenuation of magnet current is compensated. According to the invention, efficient and stable non-contact direct current compensation of the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet is realized.

Techniques for reel-to-reel assessment of a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tape are provided. The techniques include a cryocooler-powered cryogenic system configured to cool the HTS tape in a background magnetic field. The cryocooler-powered cryogenic system may be free of liquid cryogenic. The cryocooler-powered cryogenic system may include a measurement zone, where the magnetic field is perpendicular to the path of the HTS tape. The techniques may also include a Hall sensor array within the measurement zone. The Hall sensor array may be configured to scan a magnetic field at a surface of the HTS tape to measure a screening-current-induced field and separate it from the background magnetic field. The techniques may also include a data acquisition (DAQ) module operably coupled to the Hall sensor array. The DAQ module may be configured to oversample Hall voltages.

The ultralow-temperature refrigerating system comprises a low-temperature system, a high-temperature system and a compressor, the low-temperature system comprises a low-temperature evaporator and a low-temperature condenser, the high-temperature system comprises a high-temperature evaporator and a high-temperature condenser, and the low-temperature condenser and the high-temperature evaporator are staggered to form an evaporative condenser. Pipe sets of the low-temperature condenser are arranged in a vertical S shape at equal intervals in the left-right direction, and pipe sets of the high-temperature evaporator are arranged in a horizontal S shape at equal intervals in the up-down direction, so that the cold exchange area of the low-temperature condenser and the high-temperature evaporator is increased, and the cold exchange efficiency of the low-temperature condenser and the high-temperature evaporator is improved; in cooperation with the structural design of a heat dissipation air inlet system, an exhaust hole, a condensation bin and the like, a single driving element is adopted for conducting heat dissipation on a compressor and a high-temperature condenser, then the refrigeration efficiency of a low-temperature system and a high-temperature system is improved, and operation energy consumption is reduced.

In a general aspect, a flexible cable communicates electromagnetic signals in a cryogenic system. In some aspects, the flexible cable includes a signal layer and a ground layer. The signal layer includes signal lines embedded in adhesive material. Each signal line includes a multilayer structure. The multilayer structure includes a layer of non-superconducting material and a layer of rhenium metal. The ground layer is laminated to the signal layer.

The invention relates to a compression condensing unit capable of meeting various requirements and a control method thereof. The compression condensing unit comprises a compressor, a condenser, a first expansion valve and a second expansion valve. The first expansion valve and the second expansion valve are connected in parallel to form a throttling assembly. An outlet of the throttling assembly is connected with an inlet of the evaporator arranged in the use space, and an inlet of the throttling assembly is connected with an outlet of the condenser; an exhaust port of the compressor is connected with an inlet of the condenser after passing through the oil separator, and an air suction port of the compressor is connected with an outlet of the evaporator after passing through the gas-liquid separator. Accurate control can be carried out through control methods such as the throttling control module and the compressor control module, the function of different high and low temperature outlet air temperatures or outlet water temperatures of the compression condensing unit is achieved, and the requirements for different target temperatures of use space are met structurally and systematically.

The invention discloses a radio frequency superconducting material performance testing system and a surface resistance measuring method.The radio frequency superconducting material performance testing system comprises a radio frequency cavity module, a low temperature module and a measuring module, the radio frequency cavity module comprises a mushroom-shaped superconducting cavity, the inner wall of the superconducting cavity is plated with a Ni3tin film, and the inner wall of the superconducting cavity is plated with a Ni3tin film; the low-temperature module is provided with a multi-stage cooling structure and a magnetic shielding shell. The measuring module is used for collecting the sample temperature, the magnetic field, the vacuum degree, the radio frequency power and the direct-current power of the heater. According to the radio frequency superconducting material performance testing system, by optimizing the design of the mushroom-shaped cavity and adopting the Nb3Sn coating technology and the efficient conduction cooling low-temperature module, the dependence of a traditional radio frequency material testing system on a liquid helium low-temperature system is eliminated, a compact testing platform is formed, and high-field and high-resolution measurement of the surface resistance of an SRF material is achieved.

Carbon capture for industrial applications, such as power plants, municipal solid waste facilities, cement production, iron & steel, petrochemicals, desalination and refineries, is disclosed herein. Embodiments employ a cryogenic system and process to capture carbon dioxide, ensuring efficient and effective capture, while also maximizing solvent recovery. This advancement enables a capability to meet the demands of diverse industries with a solution that reduces energy penalties and enhances overall operational efficiency. The approach is scalable, modular, and compact, while minimizing energy consumption.

The invention relates to the technical field of extremely low temperature, in particular to a gas adsorption type rapid cooling system and method for an extremely low temperature system. The system comprises a refrigeration mechanism, the refrigeration mechanism comprises a refrigeration unit, and the gas adsorption type rapid cooling system for the extremely low temperature system further comprises an inner shell arranged outside the refrigeration unit in a covering mode, a middle shell arranged outside the inner shell in a covering mode and an adsorber arranged in the inner shell. The adsorber is internally provided with activated carbon or an MOFs (Metal-Organic Frameworks) adsorption material; liquid helium is arranged between the inner shell and the middle shell, and the inner shell is filled with helium with the pressure ranging from 0.1 Pa to 10 Pa. The cooling time of the ultra-low-temperature refrigerating system is shortened by more than half compared with that of a traditional cooling method, and meanwhile extra heat leakage is not caused at the ultra-low temperature.

Systems and techniques that facilitate scalable cryostats and cryogenic systems are provided. In an embodiment, a cryogenic system (300) can comprise a plurality of unit cells (304) joined together, wherein each unit cell comprises: a trapezoidal-shaped frame (704), wherein frames from adjacent unit cells are connected in a vacuum-tight manner to form a continuous, global vacuum enclosure, and wherein the unit cells are capable of being horizontally removed from or inserted into the plurality of joined unit cells. Furthermore, each unit cell can comprise at least one temperature shell (508, 510, 512), wherein temperature shells from adjacent unit cells are connected to form a continuous, global temperature shell. Moreover, each unit cell can comprise at least one cryogenic payload (514) located within the at least one temperature shell, that is cooled by at least one retrofitted version of a standard dilution refrigerator.

The utility model discloses a multifunctional power measuring environment test chamber, which comprises a first test chamber, a second test chamber, a partition door, a vehicle access gate, an underground space, a power measuring platform, a dynamometer assembly, an illumination assembly and a large fan, a pump room is further arranged outside the first test cabin and the second test cabin, industrial refrigeration equipment and industrial heating equipment are arranged in the pump room, and pipeline systems connected with the industrial refrigeration equipment and the industrial heating equipment are arranged on the first test cabin and the second test cabin respectively. Through the arrangement of the high and low temperature system, the illumination, the fan and the dynamometer assembly, the multifunctional dynamometer environment test chamber not only has the test capabilities of high temperature, low temperature, damp heat and temperature shock, but also has the dynamometer test function under the environments of wind test simulation, solar thermal effect and the like.

A superconducting magnet assembly is provided. The magnet assembly includes a magnet and a switch assembly coupled to the magnet. The switch assembly includes a thermosyphon tube configured to carry cryogen therethrough, a switch, a first pressure valve, and a second pressure valve. The switch is configured to switch between a resistive mode and a superconducting mode, wherein the switch is in thermal contact with the thermosyphon tube. The first pressure valve and the second pressure valve are positioned on the thermosyphon tube and configured to control flow of the cryogen in the thermosyphon tube, and the switch is positioned between the first pressure valve and the second pressure valve. The magnet is configured to generate a polarizing magnetic field based on switching of the switch between the resistive mode and the superconducting mode.

Adsorber element for helium purification in cryogenic systems is disclosed, comprising an end cap to be inserted in or connected to an adsorber housing; a first filter element comprising a layer of a first filter material connected to the end cap and extending from the end cap in an axial direction, wherein the first filter element is formed as hollow cylinder; and a second filter element comprising a second filter material connected to the end cap and extending from the end cap in the axial direction, wherein the second filter element has a cylindrical shape and is nested with the first filter element. The adsorber removes oil from the helium. Also disclosed is a method of operating an adsorber for helium purification in cryogenic systems comprising determining a pressure drop over the adsorber and if the pressure drop exceeds a threshold generating a warning signal indicative of oil saturation of the adsorber.

This invention provides a scroll compressor refrigeration system for low-temperature energy efficiency improvement and stable operation under low load, relating to the field of low-temperature refrigeration technology. In the scroll compressor refrigeration system provided by this invention, the condensed liquid refrigerant enters a gas-liquid separator with a regenerative function, completing the first subcooling. This improves system energy efficiency and also increases system superheat, significantly reducing the risk of liquid return. Furthermore, the increased superheat of the return gas facilitates the return of refrigeration oil accumulated in the gas-liquid separator to the compressor oil sump for lubrication via the system return gas pipe, thereby improving the reliability of lubrication in the low-temperature system. Simultaneously, the combined use of a balance bypass expansion valve and a one-way valve allows for rapid balancing of the high and low pressures of the refrigeration system, preventing the compressor from starting under pressure.

Cryogenic systems that provide stronger heat transfer between thermalization stages in cryogenic stages compared to conventional systems. The stronger heat transfer can reduce the cooldown time of the cryogenic systems herein compared to conventional systems. The cryogenic systems may include a reciprocating rapid cooldown loop configured to exchange volumes of fluid between different cryogenic stages of the system. The exchanged fluid may be configured to exchange heat between these different stages of the system. This heat exchange allows the lower temperature stages of cryogenic systems to perform initial cooling using the more powerful coolers of the higher temperature stages of the systems. The reciprocating cooldown loop may selectively transfer fluid between a pulse tube cryocooler and other colder stages of the cryogenic system, allowing the powerful pulse tube cryocooler to assist the colder stages of the system, reducing the time required for the initial cooldown of the system.

The invention discloses a mechanical liquid level and pressure cooperative control device for an immersed liquid hydrogen pump, which comprises a first valve and a second valve which are sequentially arranged and connected in series on a gas phase exhaust pipeline of a liquid pool along the exhaust direction, an exhaust channel of the first valve is opened or closed according to the liquid level height in the liquid pool, and the second valve is opened or closed according to the liquid level height in the liquid pool. An exhaust channel of the second valve is opened or closed according to the gas phase pressure of the liquid pool; the first valve and the second valve are both self-operated control valves, an exhaust channel of the first valve is opened only when the liquid level height in the liquid pool is not higher than a set liquid level threshold value, and an exhaust channel of the second valve is opened only when the gas phase pressure of the liquid pool is not lower than a set pressure threshold value. A passive and intrinsically safe pure mechanical structure is adopted, the low-liquid-level working condition of a liquid pool of the liquid hydrogen pump can be intelligently recognized, and under the working condition, pressure compensation is conducted through the characteristics of a profound hypothermia system to stabilize the NPSH of the pump, so that the reliability and safety of operation of the control device and the liquid hydrogen pump are effectively guaranteed.

The utility model relates to the field of refrigerating systems, and discloses a Freon / carbon dioxide cascade skid unit which comprises a high-temperature system and a low-temperature system, and the high-temperature system comprises a Freon screw compressor unit skid and a U-Turn type gas-liquid separation condensation evaporation unit skid. The low-temperature system comprises a carbon dioxide piston compressor unit skid and a carbon dioxide barrel pump unit skid, the carbon dioxide piston compressor unit skid and the Freon screw compressor unit skid are arranged in parallel, the unit skid is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and a carbon dioxide piston compressor is located at the upper end of the Freon screw compressor. The U-Turn type gas-liquid separation condensation evaporation unit skid is arranged in the width direction of the upper-layer carbon dioxide piston compressor, and the carbon dioxide barrel pump unit skid is arranged at the position close to the tail end evaporator and arranged in the length direction of the Freon screw compressor.

The present application relates to a kind of vehicle expansion water tank, for closed tank structure, tank structure upper left, right two sides are equipped with 2 gas return interfaces respectively, tank structure lower part is equipped with 1 water supplement pipe, 2 gas return interfaces are connected high temperature system and low temperature system respectively;Tank structure top is equipped with pressure cover;Pressure cover inner middle part is equipped with valve core, spring is arranged in it, and convex structure is arranged on plastic part, for isolating the liquid returned by two gas return interfaces;Valve core outside is equipped with two sealing rings;When pressure cover is covered on tank structure, pressure cover will block two gas return interfaces completely, prevent coolant mixing.The vehicle expansion water tank of the present application adopts unique design structure, realizes when pressure cover is unscrewed, gas return pipe is unobstructed, after pressure cover is covered, gas return pipe is blocked;Unlike the structure of one sealing ring of general expansion water tank, two sealing rings are designed on pressure cover;Gas return pipe waterway is located in two sealing rings, and water flow is blocked after pressure cover is covered.

This invention relates to a gas filling platform for cavity-containing devices in a helium cryogenic system, comprising an integrated gas filling device, a helium recovery system connected to the integrated gas filling device, the cavity-containing device in the helium cryogenic system, and a high-purity helium storage device. The integrated gas filling device includes a low-pressure pipeline for gas supply and internal leakage detection of pipeline valves, a high-pressure pipeline for external leakage detection of pipelines, an extraction pipeline for evacuating the cavity-containing device, and a detection pipeline for analyzing the purity of helium in the cavity-containing device. The low-pressure pipeline, high-pressure pipeline, and detection pipeline are arranged independently and in parallel, and all three are connected to the extraction pipeline. Furthermore, the low-pressure pipeline, high-pressure pipeline, extraction pipeline, and detection pipeline are integrated into a box-type mobile vehicle. This invention also relates to a gas filling method for cavity-containing devices in a helium cryogenic system. This invention combines the advantages of being mobile, recoverable, and capable of online detection, significantly improving on-site gas filling efficiency and system operational reliability.