Convenient and convenient fastening conductive mechanism for assembling aluminum electrolysis anode carbon blocks

Abstract

A convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling aluminum electrolysis anode carbon blocks, comprising an electrolyte guard plate, an aluminum guide rod, a threaded rod, and a conductive voltage plate; the aluminum guide rod is arranged on the top of the electrolyte guard plate; a strip groove is provided at the bottom of the electrolyte guard plate, and the strip groove is used to accommodate the clamping portion of the anode carbon block; pressure plate holes are respectively provided on both side walls of the strip groove; the conductive voltage plate is provided at the position of the pressure plate hole; the conductive voltage plate and the electrolyte guard plate are conductively connected through a conductor; the threaded rod is provided on the electrolyte guard plate, and a threaded sleeve is provided on the threaded rod; a connecting rod structure is provided on the electrolyte guard plate, one end of the connecting rod structure is connected to the threaded sleeve, and the other end is connected to the conductive voltage plate; when the threaded rod rotates forward or reverse, the threaded sleeve is driven to move along the axial direction of the threaded rod and drives the conductive voltage plate to press or loosen the clamping portion of the anode carbon block through the connecting rod structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon block clamping tools in aluminum electrolysis, and in particular to a convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling anode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis. Background Art

[0002] Currently, aluminum smelting around the world uses the electrolytic process, in which aluminum oxide is electrolyzed in an electrolytic cell using dozens of anodes suspended side by side at the top and dozens of cathodes built at the bottom of the cell. The oxygen in the aluminum oxide reacts with the anode carbon blocks to produce carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, which are discharged. The remaining pure aluminum remains in the electrolytic cell to complete the smelting process.

[0003] Each anode assembly of the current aluminum electrolysis cell (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The aluminum guide rod and the steel crossbeam are connected by aluminum-steel explosion welding, and the steel claw and the carbon block are connected by phosphorus pig iron casting.

[0004] Anode carbon blocks play two key roles: participating in chemical reactions and conducting electricity. They are consumables and require replacement when consumed. Because the carbon blocks and steel claws of traditional anode assemblies are connected by cast phosphorus pig iron, replacing an old carbon block with a new one requires first crushing the old carbon block (residual anode), pressing the iron ring formed by dephosphorized pig iron, cleaning the steel claws, and then replacing the new carbon block with a new one. Molten phosphorus pig iron is then cast again, and the phosphorus pig iron is allowed to cool and solidify before being fixed. An aluminum smelter must replace hundreds or even thousands of anode assemblies daily, requiring dedicated anode assembly workshops to handle this process. These workshops, with their numerous equipment, pose significant environmental risks, require a large workforce, and incur high investment and energy costs, posing a significant burden on aluminum smelters in terms of investment, operation, safety, and environmental protection.

[0005] In recent years, many insightful individuals and industry experts have continued to research measures to simplify anode assembly, and have unanimously agreed to abandon the original phosphorus pig iron casting process and adopt methods such as clamping or hooking for anode assembly. Several patents have been developed and applied for. However, despite the numerous theoretical new structures and methods, none of these new technologies have been truly applied and promoted in the industry. The reason is that these new structures and methods all have some practical impracticalities and defects, making them unable to truly completely replace the existing phosphorus pig iron casting structure. The main problems are as follows:

[0006] (1) The anode assemblies are arranged in two rows in dozens of groups in the electrolytic cell. The gap around the carbon block of each anode assembly is very small, generally only about 50mm. Hundreds of electrolytic cells in an aluminum plant are arranged in series. The space inside the electrolytic cell is small, and the space outside the cell is fixed and extremely limited (in order to reduce the voltage drop of the conductive busbar between cells, the distance between cells is basically only the distance a person can pass, less than two meters). The external dimensions of each part of the anode assembly are greatly restricted. Any new assembly mechanism cannot break through the basic size range of each component of the existing phosphorus pig iron casting structure. In particular, the total height of the mechanism cannot exceed the height of the original steel beam and steel claw (≤350mm), the total width of the mechanism cannot exceed the width of the carbon block (≤500mm), and the total length of the upper part of the mechanism cannot exceed the length of the original steel beam (≤1100mm). Otherwise, it will cause a major change in the entire electrolytic cell structure. If the electrolytic cell is modified, the investment is huge, almost like building a new factory, and the stability of the production process will be destroyed. This is unacceptable to any aluminum plant.

[0007] (2) The temperature inside the electrolytic cell is very high. The temperature of the bottom surface of the anode carbon block is as high as over 900℃. The temperature of the steel claws and steel crossbeam is always above 300℃, and the temperature of the aluminum guide rod is around 100℃. After the anode assembly in the normal temperature cold state enters the electrolytic cell, its various structural parts will inevitably undergo thermal expansion effects. When thermal expansion occurs, the various structural parts must be tightened as the temperature gets hotter and cannot be loosened. Otherwise, it is very easy to cause poor contact and conductivity, carbon block falling off, and other phenomena and accidents. The currently used phosphorus pig iron casting method has steel claws and phosphorus pig iron rings that expand due to heat, so that they can contact more closely with the side wall of the carbon block bowl hole.

[0008] (3) The carbon block at the bottom of the anode assembly is initially 600-700mm thick. After entering the electrolytic cell, it will be consumed from the bottom upwards, and the thickness of the carbon block will continue to thin until it becomes a residual anode with a thickness of about 130mm. The anode assembly should then be removed and replaced with a new carbon block. Therefore, the contact position between any new assembly mechanism and the carbon block must be within 120mm below the upper surface of the carbon block. Otherwise, the non-aluminum material of the mechanism will come into contact with and partially dissolve into the high-temperature electrolyte solution and aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell, causing aluminum liquid contamination.

[0009] (4) When the anode assembly is working in the electrolytic cell, the upper surface of the carbon block must be covered with an electrolyte insulation layer, the thickness of which is generally more than 300mm. The steel claws and steel beams of the anode assembly are basically completely wrapped and covered by the electrolyte layer, and the electrolyte layer is sintered into a very hard, large-area, hardened state in a high-temperature environment. When the anode assembly needs to be replaced in actual production, it is necessary to first use a breaker to break the hardened electrolyte layer like breaking the road surface during road construction before the anode assembly can be removed from the electrolytic cell. The anode assembly removed from the electrolytic cell has a large amount of high-temperature hardened electrolyte covering layer on the residual carbon block, and around the steel claws and steel beams (assembly mechanism). To remove these electrolyte layers, professional large-scale cleaning equipment must be used. Manual cleaning is difficult to do and will cause serious fly ash and dust.

[0010] (5) Since the anode assembly has the basic function of conducting electricity, each anode will conduct a large current of tens of thousands of amperes. Therefore, each component of the anode assembly has a certain current density limit depending on the material. That is, the conductor cross-sectional area of each part must be of sufficient size. Otherwise, the current density conducted on the component will be too high, which will lead to power loss and even heat and melting of the conductor. The contact surface between the steel claws of the traditional structure and the casting bowl hole on the top of the carbon block connected by cast phosphorus pig iron is also a conductive surface, and sufficient contact area must also be guaranteed. Similarly, the effective conductive contact area of any new assembly mechanism and the carbon block must be guaranteed to be no less than the contact area between the original steel claws and the carbon block bowl hole connected by cast phosphorus pig iron, and the conductive contact surface must always maintain sufficient pressure to ensure good conductivity. After the thermal expansion effect occurs, it must be ensured that the conductive contact surface does not produce cracks due to thermal deformation, resulting in only local line or point contact.

[0011] (6) The anode assembly is suspended above the electrolytic cell, with the high-temperature liquid electrolyte solution and aluminum liquid below. The anode carbon block must be prevented from falling off or slag. Otherwise, the accumulation of carbon slag at the bottom of the electrolytic cell will cause serious accidents such as uneven current, voltage fluctuations, and even short circuits between the anode and cathode.

[0012] (7) Anode carbon blocks are produced by anode carbon factories. To ensure the strength and density of the carbon blocks, they are vibrated and extruded in a mold. The shape of the product formed by the mold must meet the needs of smooth demoulding, so the shape of the carbon block must avoid special shapes such as inner concave, inner hole, inner bevel groove, etc. Of course, these special shapes can also be cut after the carbon block is formed, but this will lead to the increase and change of the carbon block production links, the processing process will easily cause the brittle carbon block to crack and damage, the carbon block material of the cutting part will be wasted, and the surface cleaning of the special-shaped carbon block is very difficult, which greatly affects the investment cost, production cost, production efficiency, product quality, environmental protection and energy-saving indicators. Therefore, all anode carbon factories are unwilling to accept the production of special-shaped anode carbon blocks with complex structures.

[0013] Patent CN101660177A discloses a novel anode conductive device for aluminum electrolytic cells. The device features a hinge mechanism, clamping bolts, and a steel-aluminum composite sheet on the upper portion of the carbon block. This complex structure makes it difficult to maintain the overall height within the traditional steel crossbeam and steel claw height in practical applications without modifying the electrolytic cell structure. The carbon block is clamped by a hinge mechanism and tightening nuts and bolts, but thermal expansion causes the hinge mechanism to stretch, causing the clamping plate to loosen. Furthermore, the described hinged clamping plate relies on multiple tightening nuts and bolts to tighten and loosen the carbon block. In actual production applications, these bolts would be covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer, making them inoperable. The clamping plate is a single, solid plate. Structurally, this plate cannot be too thick to allow for sufficient clearance for tightening and loosening. If the thickness is insufficient, the current density is likely to be much higher, far exceeding that of conventional structures. Furthermore, this single plate shape deforms during thermal expansion, creating warping cracks and significantly reducing the contact area.

[0014] Patent CN101899681B discloses an anode conductive clamping fixture that relies on an articulated mechanism and tightening nuts and bolts to clamp the carbon block. Thermal expansion causes the articulated mechanism to stretch, causing the clamping plate to loosen. Furthermore, the described articulated clamping plate relies on the operation of multiple tightening nuts and bolts to clamp and loosen the carbon block. In actual production applications, these bolts would be covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer and would be inoperable. The clamping plate is a single, solid plate. Structurally, the plate cannot be too thick to allow for sufficient clearance for clamping and loosening. If the thickness is insufficient, the current density is bound to be high, far exceeding that of conventional structures. Furthermore, this solid plate shape will deform during thermal expansion, creating warpage and significantly reducing the contact area.

[0015] Patent CN101899682A discloses a clamping anode conductive device with a hinge mechanism, clamping bolts, and steel-aluminum composite plates on the upper portion of the carbon block. This complex structure makes it difficult to control the overall height within the traditional steel crossbeam and steel claw height in practical applications, making practical application extremely difficult without modifying the electrolytic cell structure. The carbon block is clamped by a hinge mechanism and tightening nuts and bolts. Thermal expansion causes the hinge mechanism to stretch, causing the clamping plate to loosen. The hinged clamping plate described in the patent tightens and loosens the carbon block by operating multiple tightening nuts and bolts. In actual production applications, these bolts would be covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer, making them inoperable. The clamping plate described in the patent is a single plate. Structurally, the plate cannot be too thick to allow for clamping and loosening. If the thickness is insufficient, the current density is likely to be much higher, far exceeding that of traditional structures. Furthermore, this single plate shape deforms during thermal expansion, creating warping cracks and significantly reducing the contact area.

[0016] Patent CN103088367A discloses a continuous prebaked anode assembly structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell. The clamping mechanism in this structure uses a crank and crankshaft to control the clamping and loosening of the clamping plates. In actual production applications, the crankshaft will cause the clamping plates to loosen after thermal expansion. Furthermore, these cranks will be covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer, making them inoperable. The clamping plates in this structure are single plates. Structurally, the clamping plates cannot be too thick to allow for sufficient clearance for clamping and loosening. If the thickness is insufficient, the current density will inevitably be high, far exceeding that of conventional structures. Furthermore, this single plate shape will deform and produce warpage during thermal expansion, significantly reducing the contact area. Multiple fastening pins are located on the bottom side of the carbon block. Once the carbon block is consumed to a certain extent from the bottom surface, the fastening pins will become lumpy slag and fall off. The carbon block has complex special-shaped structures such as internal bevel grooves, pin holes, and serrated surfaces. It is difficult to demold during the carbon block molding production. It is difficult to clean and maintain a regular shape after high-temperature pre-baking.

[0017] Patent CN105543895B discloses a mechanical anode steel claw structure for a prebaked aluminum electrolytic cell, and patent CN105543896B discloses an anode group structure for a prebaked aluminum electrolytic cell. In these two patents, the hooking and clamping mechanisms on the structure rely on tightening bolts and nuts and transverse locking bolts to clamp the carbon blocks. After thermal expansion occurs, the bolts will elongate, causing the clamps to loosen; in actual production applications, these bolts and nuts will be wrapped and covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer and will be unable to operate. From a structural analysis of the hooking and clamping mechanism, the conductive cross-section of the structural parts and the conductive contact surface contacting the carbon block are both very small, and the conductive contact pressure relies solely on the deadweight of the carbon block, which cannot meet the actual production conductivity requirements. The carbon block structure described in this patent has huge empty grooves and various special-shaped structures on its bottom surface, which will lead to an increase in the current density on the bottom surface of the carbon block, and a large amount of block slag will fall after the carbon block is consumed to a certain extent from the bottom surface; it cannot be demolded during the carbon block molding production, and it is difficult to clean and maintain a regular shape after high-temperature pre-baking.

[0018] Patent CN108070879B discloses a clamping frame for an aluminum electrolytic cell, which completely changes the traditional structure of aluminum guide rods hanging carbon blocks. Instead, a frame, clamping arms and other structures are set around the carbon blocks. This structure cannot be used in existing electrolytic cells, and the entire structure of the electrolytic cell and even the floor plan of the electrolytic workshop must be greatly adjusted.

[0019] Patent CN201416038Y discloses a new type of anode conductive device for aluminum electrolytic cells. The clamping mechanism in its structure relies on tightening bolts or lever screws to clamp the carbon blocks with a splint. After thermal expansion occurs, the bolts or screws extend, which will cause the splint to loosen. The clamping mechanism operates multiple tightening bolts to control the clamping and loosening of the splint. In actual production applications, these bolts will be wrapped and covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer and cannot be operated. The splint in its structure is a rigid whole plate. From a structural analysis, the splint cannot be too thick to have a movable margin for clamping and loosening. If the thickness is not enough, its current density is bound to be large, which will be much greater than the current density of the traditional structure. Moreover, the shape of this whole plate will deform and produce warping when thermal expansion occurs, resulting in a significant reduction in contact area.

[0020] Patent CN201473606U discloses a clamping anode conductive device with a complex structure including pull rods, bolts, and lifting screws on the upper portion of the carbon block. In practical applications, it is difficult to control the total height within the height of traditional steel crossbeams and steel claws, making practical application extremely difficult without changing the electrolytic cell structure. The clamping mechanism relies on tightening bolts or lever screws to clamp the carbon block. Thermal expansion causes the bolts or screws to extend, loosening the clamp. The clamping mechanism requires the operation of multiple tightening bolts to control the clamping and loosening of the clamp. In actual production applications, these bolts will be covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer, making them inoperable.

[0021] Patent CN201665720U discloses a device for connecting an anode clamping fixture to an aluminum guide rod. Its structure has an articulated mechanism, clamping bolts, steel-aluminum composite sheets, and other mechanisms on the upper part of the carbon block. In actual application, it is difficult to control the total height within the height of the traditional steel beam and steel claws, and it is very difficult to apply it in practice without changing the electrolytic cell structure. Its structure relies on an articulated mechanism and fastening nuts and bolts to clamp the carbon block. After thermal expansion occurs, the articulated mechanism will elongate, causing the clamping plate to loosen. The hinged clamping plate in its structure relies on operating multiple fastening nuts and bolts to clamp and loosen the carbon block. In actual production applications, these bolts will be wrapped and covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer and cannot be operated. The clamping plate in its structure is a whole plate. From a structural analysis, the clamping plate cannot be too thick to have a movable margin for clamping and loosening. If the thickness is not enough, the current density will inevitably be large, which will be much greater than the current density of the traditional structure. Moreover, this whole plate shape will deform and produce warping when thermal expansion occurs, resulting in a significant reduction in the contact area.

[0022] Patent CN206089844U discloses a structure connecting an anode carbon block to a steel claw. The patent states, "The steel claw connects to the connecting groove to secure the anode," but does not describe the claw's shape or the specific connection mechanism. The schematic diagram shows the connecting groove as an L-shaped hole, making it unclear what type of steel claw could fit into the hole without damaging it, or how it could maintain close contact and conduct electricity after being heated. The auxiliary hooks in the structure are not specified in terms of material. Common sense suggests they should be made of a metal capable of maintaining strength in high-temperature environments, which would expose them to high-temperature electrolyte solutions and molten aluminum, potentially contaminating the aluminum. The phrase "the steel claw connects to the connecting groove to secure the anode" is omitted, but the specific connection mechanism between the claw and the carbon block is unclear. The schematic diagram suggests the connection mechanism would be covered by the hardened high-temperature electrolyte layer, making it inoperable. Furthermore, the "steel claws connect to the coupling grooves to secure the anode" does not describe the specific mechanism for connecting the steel claws to the carbon block. The schematic diagram suggests the connecting components are very small, far from the conductive area of a traditional steel claw connection. Furthermore, relying solely on the weight of the carbon block for conductive contact pressure is insufficient to meet the actual conductivity requirements of production. The described carbon block shape, with its numerous grooves and holes, presents a complex, irregular structure that makes it difficult to remove from the mold during production. It is also difficult to clean and maintain its regular shape after high-temperature prebaking.

[0023] Patent CN208933499U discloses an anode carbon block clamping arm. The mechanism described in the patent completely changes the traditional aluminum guide rod hanging carbon block structure. Instead, a frame, clamping arm and other structures are set around the carbon block. This structure cannot be used in existing electrolytic cells. The entire structure of the electrolytic cell and even the plane layout of the electrolytic workshop must be greatly adjusted. Summary of the Invention

[0024] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling aluminum electrolysis anode carbon blocks, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0025] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention proposes a convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling aluminum electrolysis anode carbon blocks, comprising an electrolyte guard plate, an aluminum guide rod, a threaded rod, and a conductive voltage plate; the aluminum guide rod is arranged on the top of the electrolyte guard plate; a strip groove is provided at the bottom of the electrolyte guard plate, and the strip groove is used to accommodate the clamping portion of the anode carbon block; pressure plate holes are respectively provided on both side walls of the strip groove; the conductive voltage plate is provided at the position of the pressure plate hole; the conductive voltage plate and the electrolyte guard plate are conductively connected through a conductor; the threaded rod is provided on the electrolyte guard plate, and a threaded sleeve is provided on the threaded rod; a connecting rod structure is provided on the electrolyte guard plate, one end of the connecting rod structure is connected to the threaded sleeve, and the other end is connected to the conductive voltage plate; when the threaded rod rotates forward or reverse, the threaded sleeve is driven to move along the axial direction of the threaded rod and drives the conductive voltage plate to tighten or loosen the clamping portion of the anode carbon block through the connecting rod structure.

[0026] Preferably, the electrolyte guard plate is further provided with a threaded rod accommodating groove; the threaded rod accommodating groove is located above the strip groove; and the threaded rod is arranged in the threaded rod accommodating groove.

[0027] Preferably, the connecting rod structure includes a horizontal push rod and a clamping lever; the middle part of the clamping lever is installed on the top edge of the pressure plate hole through a pin shaft; one end of the horizontal push rod is connected to the threaded sleeve, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the clamping lever; the lower end of the clamping lever is connected to the conductive pressure plate.

[0028] Preferably, the number of the conductive pressure plates is four; two pressure plate holes are respectively provided on the left and right side walls of the strip groove; a conductive pressure plate is provided in each pressure plate hole; the number of the threaded sleeves is two, and each threaded sleeve connects two conductive pressure plates through a connecting rod structure.

[0029] Preferably, two sections of reverse threads are provided on the threaded rod, and the reverse threads extend from the middle of the threaded rod to both ends, and a threaded sleeve is provided on each section of the reverse thread; when the threaded rod rotates forward or reverse, the two threaded sleeves are driven to move synchronously toward both ends or synchronously approach the middle; when the two threaded sleeves move synchronously toward both ends, the threaded sleeve pushes the horizontal push rod, and the horizontal push rod pushes the upper end of the clamping lever, and the clamping lever rotates around the pin shaft to drive the conductive voltage plate to clamp the clamping part of the anode carbon block; when the two threaded sleeves approach the middle synchronously, the threaded sleeve pulls the horizontal push rod, and the horizontal push rod pulls the upper end of the clamping lever, and the clamping lever rotates around the pin shaft to drive the conductive voltage plate to loosen the clamping part of the anode carbon block.

[0030] Preferably, a pressing ball head is provided at the lower end of the pressing lever, and a ball head seat is provided on the conductive voltage plate; the pressing ball head is rotatably installed in the ball head seat.

[0031] Preferably, the conductor is a stacked structure formed by multiple layers of conductive laminates, and the conductive laminates are made of copper or aluminum.

[0032] Preferably, the aluminum guide rod is connected to the top of the electrolyte shield by aluminum-steel explosion welding.

[0033] Preferably, on the electrolyte guard plate, the lower ends of the two side walls of the strip groove are folded outward to form a horizontal guard plate, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided on the triangular area between the horizontal guard plate and the side walls of the strip groove.

[0034] Preferably, bolt heads are provided at both ends of the threaded rod; two retaining rings are provided at intervals in the middle of the threaded rod; a screw support is provided on the electrolyte guard plate; the threaded rod is passed through the screw support, and the two retaining rings are located on both sides of the screw support.

[0035] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] (1) In the present invention, the clamping portion of the anode carbon block is accommodated by the strip groove of the electrolyte shield. The threaded sleeve is driven to move axially along the threaded sleeve by the forward or reverse rotation of the threaded rod. The threaded sleeve drives the connecting rod structure to drive the conductive plate to tighten or loosen the clamping portion of the anode carbon block. In the present invention, the threaded rod is arranged along the length of the electrolyte shield, occupying a small space. At the same time, the connecting rod structure is used to drive the conductive plate to move, resulting in a simple structure, which is conducive to reducing the space occupied by the entire fastening and conductive mechanism and ensuring that the total height does not exceed the height of the traditional steel beam and steel claw. Therefore, there is no need to change the existing electrolytic cell structure.

[0037] (2) In the present invention, a threaded rod and a connecting rod structure are used to realize the clamping function of the conductive plate. When the entire anode assembly enters the high-temperature environment of the electrolytic cell and a thermal expansion effect occurs, the threaded rod and the horizontal push rod are heated and elongated. The threaded rod pushes the threaded sleeve, the horizontal push rod and the clamping lever, thereby increasing the contact pressure between the conductive plate and the carbon block. The hotter the entire mechanism, the tighter the pressing connection.

[0038] (3) In the present invention, a strip groove is provided on the electrolyte shield to accommodate the clamping portion of the anode carbon block. The conductive plate is clamped on the clamping portion of the anode carbon block and will not come into contact with and partially dissolve into the high-temperature electrolyte solution and aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell, thereby not causing aluminum liquid contamination.

[0039] (4) In the present invention, by providing an electrolyte shield and arranging the threaded rod in the threaded rod receiving groove of the electrolyte shield, tightening and loosening the carbon block can be completed by rotating either end of the threaded rod in the forward or reverse direction with one click. This operation can be performed immediately and easily on site next to the electrolytic cell, and the carbon block replacement can be completed quickly under high temperature conditions. There is no need to transport the anode group to a special anode assembly workshop, wait for the old anode assembly to cool down, break the electrolyte layer, or cause heavy work and dust pollution.

[0040] (5) In the present invention, the conductive plate and the clamping portion of the carbon block are in surface contact, which can ensure a good conductive contact area. At the same time, the fastening conductive mechanism provided by the present invention facilitates the installation of a conductive plate of appropriate area to ensure that the effective conductive contact area is not less than the contact area between the original steel claw and the bowl hole of the carbon block connected by cast phosphorus pig iron. Moreover, the conductive plate has the characteristic of being tighter as it is hotter pressed, and the contact surface always maintains sufficient pressure to ensure good conductivity.

[0041] (6) The fastening conductive mechanism provided by the present invention has a smooth surface of the anode carbon block clamped thereon, and there is no need to process special shapes such as inner concave, inner hole, inner bevel groove, etc. on the anode carbon block, thereby effectively reducing the production links of the anode carbon block.

[0042] (7) The fastening conductive mechanism provided by the present invention only makes innovative improvements to the steel crossbeam and steel claw parts of the traditional phosphorus pig iron casting structure. The innovative mechanism does not break the spatial size limitation of the traditional structure and does not change the connection method of the aluminum guide rod. The anode assembly as a whole still adopts the aluminum guide rod hanging method. The current distribution and current density of the anode and cathode in the electrolytic cell do not change, and no changes are made to the electrolytic cell structure and process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a front view of the anode assembly in the prior art;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a left side view of the anode assembly in the prior art;

[0046] Figure 3 A top view of the fastening conductive mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along AA;

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along BB;

[0049] Figure 6 A front view of the electrolyte shield in the fastening conductive mechanism provided in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 A top view of the electrolyte shield in the fastening conductive mechanism provided in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 A left side view of the electrolyte shield in the fastening conductive mechanism provided in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 A top view illustrating the operating principle of the fastening conductive mechanism provided in the present invention when clamping the anode carbon block;

[0053] Figure 10 The left side view shows the operating principle of the fastening conductive mechanism provided in the present invention when clamping the anode carbon block.

[0054] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0055] 1-threaded rod; 101-bolt head; 102-circlip; 2-threaded sleeve; 3-horizontal push rod; 4-pressing lever; 5-conductive pressure plate; 6-screw support; 7-electrolyte guard plate; 701-strip groove; 702-threaded rod receiving groove; 703-pressing plate hole; 704-horizontal guard plate; 8-guide rod; 9-aluminum-steel explosive welding; 10-reinforcement rib plate; 11-conductor; 12-anode carbon block; 13-pressing ball head; 14-ball head seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0058] Example:

[0059] Combine Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling an anode carbon block for aluminum electrolysis, comprising an electrolyte guard plate 7, an aluminum guide rod 8, a threaded rod 1, and a conductive voltage plate 5; the aluminum guide rod 8 is arranged on the top of the electrolyte guard plate 7; a strip groove 701 is provided at the bottom of the electrolyte guard plate 7, the strip groove 701 is used to accommodate the clamping portion of the anode carbon block 12; pressure plate holes 703 are respectively provided on both side walls of the strip groove 701; the conductive voltage plate 5 is arranged at the position of the pressure plate hole 703; the guide rod 8 is provided on the bottom of the electrolyte guard plate 7, and the strip groove 701 is used to accommodate the clamping portion of the anode carbon block 12 ... provided on the bottom side walls of the strip groove 701; the conductive voltage plate 5 is provided at the position of the pressure plate hole 703; the guide rod 8 is provided on the bottom side of the electrolyte guard plate 7 The voltage plate 5 and the electrolyte shield 7 are conductively connected via a conductor 11; the threaded rod 1 is arranged on the electrolyte shield 7, and a threaded sleeve 2 is arranged on the threaded rod 1; a connecting rod structure is arranged on the electrolyte shield 7, one end of the connecting rod structure is connected to the threaded sleeve 2, and the other end is connected to the conductive voltage plate 5; when the threaded rod 1 rotates forward or reverse, the threaded sleeve 2 is driven to move along the axial direction of the threaded rod 1 and drives the conductive voltage plate 5 to tighten or loosen the clamping part of the anode carbon block 12 through the connecting rod structure.

[0060] like Figure 8 As shown, the electrolyte shield 7 is further provided with a threaded rod accommodating groove 702 ; the threaded rod accommodating groove 702 is located above the strip groove 701 ; the threaded rod 1 is arranged in the threaded rod accommodating groove 702 .

[0061] Combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the connecting rod structure includes a horizontal push rod 3 and a clamping lever 4; the middle portion of the clamping lever 4 is mounted on the top edge of the pressure plate hole 703 via a pin; one end of the horizontal push rod 3 is connected to the threaded sleeve 2, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the clamping lever 4; the lower end of the clamping lever 4 is connected to the conductive plate 5. There are four conductive plates 5; two pressure plate holes 703 are respectively provided on the left and right side walls of the strip groove 701; a conductive plate 5 is positioned in each pressure plate hole 703; there are two threaded sleeves 2, each of which is connected to two conductive plates 5 via a connecting rod structure. The threaded rod 1 is provided with two sections of reverse threads, which extend from the middle of the threaded rod 1 to both ends, and a threaded sleeve 2 is provided on each section of the reverse threads; the two sections of reverse threads are symmetrically arranged so that the two threaded sleeves 2 sleeved on the threaded rod 1 can move synchronously in opposite directions when the threaded rod 1 rotates, and at the same time move towards the middle of the threaded rod 1 or separate from the two ends of the screw rod at equal distances;

[0062] When the two threaded sleeves 2 move synchronously toward both ends, the threaded sleeves 2 push the horizontal push rod 3, and the horizontal push rod 3 pushes the upper end of the clamping lever 4. The clamping lever 4 rotates around the pin shaft to drive the conductive voltage plate 5 to clamp the clamping part of the anode carbon block 12.

[0063] When the two threaded sleeves 2 move toward the middle synchronously, the threaded sleeves 2 pull the horizontal push rod 3, and the horizontal push rod 3 pulls the upper end of the clamping lever 4. The clamping lever 4 rotates around the pin shaft to drive the conductive voltage plate 5 to loosen the clamping part of the anode carbon block 12.

[0064] Combine Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a pressing ball head 13 is provided at the lower end of the pressing lever 4, and a ball head seat 14 is provided on the conductive plate 5; the pressing ball head 13 is rotatably mounted within the ball head seat 14. The contact area between the lower end of the pressing lever 4 and the conductive plate 5 adopts an adaptive variable-angle pressing ball head 13 and a ball head seat 14. This structure can adaptively change the angle of the pressing ball head 13 and the ball head seat 14 to push the conductive plate 5, ensuring that the flat surface of the conductive plate 5 always maintains complete contact with the contact surface of the anode carbon block 12. This ensures that after thermal expansion occurs, the contact surface between the conductive plate 5 and the anode carbon block 12 does not produce a warping gap due to thermal deformation, resulting in only localized linear or point contact.

[0065] Combine Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the conductor 11 is a stacked structure formed by multiple layers of conductive laminates, and the conductive laminates are made of copper or aluminum.

[0066] Combine Figure 5 As shown, the aluminum guide rod 8 is connected to the top of the electrolyte shield 7 by aluminum-steel explosion welding 9.

[0067] like Figure 5 As shown, on the electrolyte guard plate 7, the lower ends of the two side walls of the strip groove 701 are folded outward to form a horizontal guard plate 704, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 10 are provided in the triangular area between the horizontal guard plate 704 and the side walls of the strip groove 701.

[0068] Combine Figure 3 As shown, bolt heads 101 are provided at each end of the threaded rod 1. The length of the threaded rod 1 is close to the length of the carbon block, and the bolt heads 101 at each end of the threaded rod 1 are exposed from the electrolyte coating. A pneumatic socket wrench can be used at either end to engage the bolt heads 101 and rotate the entire threaded rod 1 forward or reverse. Tightening and loosening the anode carbon block 12 can be accomplished with a single click by rotating the bolt heads 101 at either end of the threaded rod 1 forward or reverse. This allows for immediate and simple replacement right next to the electrolytic cell, allowing for rapid replacement of the anode carbon block 12 at high temperatures without having to transport the anode assembly to a dedicated anode assembly workshop, wait for the old anode assembly to cool, or break the electrolyte layer, resulting in no heavy work or dust pollution.

[0069] Two retaining rings 102 are spaced apart in the middle of the threaded rod 1; a screw support 6 is provided on the electrolyte shield 7; the threaded rod 1 passes through the screw support 6, and the two retaining rings 102 are located on both sides of the screw support 6. The threaded rod 1 is installed by using the screw support 6, and the retaining rings 102 form a limit.

[0070] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0071] Combine Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in the present invention, the anode carbon block 12 comprises a base block portion at the bottom and a clamping portion disposed above the base block portion. The clamping portion of the anode carbon block 12 is disposed within the strip groove 701 of the electrolyte shield 7. When the threaded rod 1 rotates forward or reverse, it drives the threaded sleeves 2 at both ends to move synchronously toward the ends or toward the center. The threaded sleeves 2 pull the symmetrically arranged horizontal push rods 3, which push or pull the upper portion of the clamping lever 4, causing the conductive plate 5 connected to the lower portion of the clamping lever 4 to compress or release the anode carbon block 12.

[0072] The present invention does not make any modification to the electrolytic cell; the conductivity of the anode assembly is not lower than that of the traditional phosphorus pig iron casting structure; the current distribution of the anode and cathode in the electrolytic cell is not changed; a special anode assembly workshop is no longer required, and the replacement of the anode carbon block 12 can be carried out on-site and immediately next to the electrolytic cell, the electrolyte covering layer on the top of the old carbon block can be reused, and the bolt head 101 exposed to the electrolyte layer can be rotated "with one click" in a high-temperature hot state to quickly separate the old carbon block and replace it with a new carbon block; after the anode assembly with the new carbon block is assembled and put back into the high-temperature environment of the electrolytic cell to produce a thermal expansion effect, the entire fastening mechanism will not loosen at all, but will only become tighter as it gets hotter; the present invention still uses aluminum-steel explosion welding of the same size and process to connect the aluminum guide rod 8 and the electrolyte guard plate 7; there is no complex change in the shape of the anode carbon block 12, except that the original top bowl hole boss is changed to a rectangular clamping part, which does not increase the production cost and process difficulty of the carbon block.

[0073] Application example 1:

[0074] This invention was tested and promoted in an aluminum plant. The existing anode carbon blocks at the plant were 1700 mm long, 660 mm wide, 635 mm high, and weighed 1.02 tons. The bowl hole depth of the anode carbon blocks was 115 mm (the actual casting depth was 110 mm). Four φ160 steel claws were used for a conventional phosphorus pig iron casting process. Calculations indicate that the conductive contact area of the conventional phosphorus pig iron casting process is 4 × 160π × 110 = 0.22 m2. The existing steel crossbeams and aluminum guide rods were connected using explosive welding, resulting in a cross-sectional area of 185 × 185 = 0.034 m2. Each anode assembly conducted an average current of approximately 9000 A. When operating in the electrolytic cell, the electrolyte layer covering the anode assembly was 300 to 400 mm thick.

[0075] The process of testing the fastening conductive mechanism provided by the present invention is as follows: first, stainless steel is used to process a threaded rod 1 with two sections of reverse threads, with a length of 1680mm and a diameter of φ50; stainless steel is used to process matching threaded sleeves 2 (2 groups / sets), horizontal push rods 3 (4 groups / sets), and clamping levers 4 (4 groups / sets), with a clamping ball head 13 provided at the lower end of the clamping lever 4; then the factory's own scrap steel claws are used to melt and cast an electrolyte shield 7, with a welding base provided on the electrolyte shield 7 for aluminum-steel explosion welding 9 with the aluminum guide rod 8, and a screw support 6 and a reinforcing rib plate 10 provided in the middle of the electrolyte shield 7; similarly, scrap steel claws are used to melt and cast a conductive voltage plate 5 (4 groups / sets) with a length of 500mm, a height of 130mm, and a thickness of 50mm; in addition, a laminated soft tube with a width of 200mm and a thickness of 30mm is processed to form a conductor 11 (4 groups). After the components are prepared, press the attached Figure 3 The structure shown completes the assembly of the entire mechanism. Compared with the original steel claw and steel beam structure, the current density of all conductive components does not exceed the original density. The contact area between the conductive plate and the carbon block is 4×500×130=0.26㎡, which is larger than the 0.22㎡ area of the original steel claw. After assembling the anode carbon block 12 to form an anode assembly, it enters the electrolytic cell and begins online trial, and is compared with the anode assembly of the original steel claw structure next to it. The results are: the original anode assembly has a cell cycle of 33 days, and the new assembly has a cell cycle of 34 days; the overall average voltage drop of the original assembly is 135mV, and the overall average voltage drop of the new assembly is 124mV; the new assembly is in good working condition, and no carbon block falls off. The trial results prove that the actual application effect of the mechanism of the present invention is better than the original assembly.

[0076] The present invention is used to form an anode assembly. After the anode carbon block 12 is consumed, it is hoisted out of the electrolytic cell by the electrolytic multifunctional unit in the same manner as the original assembly. A pneumatic socket wrench is then used to fit the bolt head 1 at one end of the threaded rod 1 and rotate the threaded rod 1 in the opposite direction to detach the old residual anode carbon block. The electrolyte coating remains intact on the electrolyte shield 7. The electrolytic multifunctional unit is then used to hoist the conductive fastening mechanism provided by the present invention above a nearby new carbon block and seat it on the new carbon block. The pneumatic socket wrench is then used to rotate the threaded rod 1 forward to clamp the new carbon block. This completes the carbon block replacement process, and the new anode assembly is immediately returned to the electrolytic cell to begin a new operating cycle. The entire carbon block replacement process is simpler than changing a tire on a car; it can be completed by simply tightening a bolt head 101. It takes about 9 minutes from exiting the electrolytic cell to replacing the new carbon block and re-entering the electrolytic cell, which is 2 to 3 minutes longer than the original component replacement time. However, it no longer requires a series of tedious work steps of transporting the components to the anode assembly workshop, and the number of spare components is greatly reduced. The management and production personnel of the aluminum plant all said that these extra 2 to 3 minutes will not have a negative impact on production, and the value created is huge.

[0077] After testing, the aluminum plant believes that the fastening and conductive mechanism provided by the present invention is completely reliable, feasible and has high comprehensive benefits. The plant has now made plans to gradually phase out the original steel claw casting assembly method and replace it completely with the fastening and conductive mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0078] Application Example 2:

[0079] Another aluminum smelter also conducted practical tests. The anode carbon blocks at this plant were 1550 mm long, 600 mm wide, and 630 mm high. The carbon block bowl hole was 115 mm deep (the actual casting depth was 110 mm). Anodes were assembled using three 160 mm diameter steel claws using traditional phosphorus pig iron casting. Calculations show that the conductive contact area of the traditional phosphorus pig iron casting method is 3 × 160π × 110 = 0.165 m2. The steel crossbeams and aluminum guide rods were connected using explosive welding, with a cross-sectional area of 165 × 165 = 0.027 m2. Each anode assembly conducted an average current of approximately 7000 A. When operating in the electrolytic cell, the electrolyte layer covering the anode assembly was 250 to 350 mm thick.

[0080] The process of testing the fastening conductive mechanism provided by the present invention is as follows: first, a threaded rod 1 with two sections of reverse thread is processed from stainless steel, with a length of 1530 mm and a diameter of φ50 mm; matching threaded sleeves 2 (2 groups / sets), horizontal push rods 3 (4 groups / sets), and clamping levers 4 (4 groups / sets) are processed from stainless steel, and a clamping ball head 13 is provided at the lower end of the clamping lever 4; then, an electrolyte guard plate 7 is processed, and a welding base is provided on the electrolyte guard plate 7 for aluminum-steel explosion welding 9 with the aluminum guide rod 8, and a screw support 6 and a reinforcing rib plate 10 are provided in the middle of the electrolyte guard plate 7; a conductive voltage plate 5 (4 groups / sets) with a length of 400 mm, a height of 120 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm is purchased from the market; and 4 groups of laminated soft aluminum busbars with a width of 160 mm and a thickness of 30 mm are purchased from the market to prepare a conductor 11; after the components are prepared, press Figure 3 The structure shown completes the assembly of the entire mechanism. Compared with the original steel claw and steel beam structure, the current density of all conductive components does not exceed the original density. The contact area between the conductive plate and the carbon block is 4×400×120=0.192㎡, which is larger than the 0.165㎡ area of the original steel claw. After assembling the anode carbon block 12, a new anode assembly is formed, which enters the electrolytic cell and begins online trial. It is compared with the anode assembly of the original steel claw structure next to it. The results are: the original anode assembly has a cell cycle of 31 days, and the new assembly has a cell cycle of 31 days; the overall average voltage drop of the original assembly is 131mV, and the overall average voltage drop of the new assembly is 122mV; the new assembly is in good working condition, and no carbon block falling occurs. The trial results prove that the actual application effect of the mechanism of the present invention is better than the original assembly.

[0081] After the carbon block of the new assembly is consumed, it is hoisted out of the electrolytic cell by the electrolytic multifunctional unit in the same manner as the original assembly. A pneumatic socket wrench is then used to loosen the bolt head 101 at one end of the threaded rod 1, allowing the old carbon block of the residual anode to detach. The electrolyte coating remains intact on the electrolyte shield 7. The electrolytic multifunctional unit is then used to hoist the conductive fastening mechanism of the present invention over a nearby new carbon block and seat it on top of the new carbon block. The pneumatic socket wrench is then used to tighten the threaded rod 1 to clamp the new carbon block, completing the carbon block replacement. The new anode assembly is then immediately returned to the electrolytic cell to begin a new operating cycle. The time from exiting the electrolytic cell to re-entering the electrolytic cell after the new carbon block has been replaced takes approximately 10 minutes, which is 2-3 minutes longer than the original assembly's anode replacement time. However, the tedious work of transporting the anode assembly to the anode assembly workshop is no longer necessary, significantly reducing the number of spare components.

[0082] After testing, the aluminum plant believes that the technology of this invention is completely reliable, feasible, and highly profitable. The plant has now submitted a technical improvement application to higher management, requesting that the original steel claw casting assembly method be phased out and completely replaced with the fastening and conductive mechanism provided by this invention.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A convenient and convenient operating and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling anode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis, characterized by: It comprises an electrolyte guard plate (7), an aluminum guide rod (8), a threaded rod (1), and a conductive voltage plate (5); the aluminum guide rod (8) is arranged on the top of the electrolyte guard plate (7); A strip groove (701) is provided at the bottom of the electrolyte guard plate (7), and the strip groove (701) is used to accommodate the clamping portion of the anode carbon block (12); pressure plate holes (703) are respectively provided on both side walls of the strip groove (701); the conductive pressure plate (5) is provided at the position of the pressure plate hole (703); the conductive pressure plate (5) and the electrolyte guard plate (7) are electrically connected via a conductor (11); The threaded rod (1) is arranged on the electrolyte shield (7), and a threaded sleeve (2) is arranged on the threaded rod (1); a connecting rod structure is arranged on the electrolyte shield (7), one end of the connecting rod structure is connected to the threaded sleeve (2), and the other end is connected to the conductive voltage plate (5); When the threaded rod (1) rotates forward or backward, the threaded sleeve (2) is driven to move along the axial direction of the threaded rod (1) and drives the conductive voltage plate (5) to press or loosen the clamping portion of the anode carbon block (12) through the connecting rod structure; The connecting rod structure includes a horizontal push rod (3) and a pressing lever (4); the middle part of the pressing lever (4) is installed on the top edge of the pressing plate hole (703) through a pin shaft; one end of the horizontal push rod (3) is connected to the threaded sleeve (2), and the other end is connected to the upper end of the pressing lever (4); the lower end of the pressing lever (4) is connected to the conductive pressure plate (5); There are four conductive pressure plates (5); two pressure plate holes (703) are respectively provided on the left and right side walls of the strip-shaped groove (701); a conductive pressure plate (5) is provided in each pressure plate hole (703); there are two threaded sleeves (2), and each threaded sleeve (2) is connected to two conductive pressure plates (5) via a connecting rod structure; On the electrolyte guard plate (7), the lower ends of the two side walls of the strip groove (701) are respectively folded outwards to form a horizontal guard plate (704).

2. The convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded rod accommodating groove (702) is also provided on the electrolyte guard plate (7); the threaded rod accommodating groove (702) is located above the strip groove (701); and the threaded rod (1) is arranged in the threaded rod accommodating groove (702).

3. The convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sections of reverse threads are provided on the threaded rod (1), the reverse threads extending from the middle of the threaded rod (1) to both ends, and a threaded sleeve (2) is provided on each section of the reverse threads; when the threaded rod (1) rotates forward or reverse, the two threaded sleeves (2) are driven to move synchronously toward both ends or to move synchronously toward the middle; When the two threaded sleeves (2) move synchronously toward both ends, the threaded sleeves (2) push the horizontal push rod (3), and the horizontal push rod (3) pushes the upper end of the clamping lever (4), and the clamping lever (4) rotates around the pin shaft to drive the conductive voltage plate (5) to clamp the clamping portion of the anode carbon block (12); When the two threaded sleeves (2) move synchronously toward the center, the threaded sleeves (2) pull the horizontal push rod (3), the horizontal push rod (3) pulls the upper end of the clamping lever (4), and the clamping lever (4) rotates around the pin shaft to drive the conductive voltage plate (5) to loosen the clamping portion of the anode carbon block (12).

4. The convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing ball head (13) is provided at the lower end of the pressing lever (4), and a ball head seat (14) is provided on the conductive voltage plate (5); the pressing ball head (13) is rotatably mounted in the ball head seat (14).

5. The convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (11) is a stacked structure formed by multiple layers of conductive laminates, and the conductive laminates are made of copper or aluminum.

6. The convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum guide rod (8) is connected to the top of the electrolyte shield (7) by aluminum-steel explosion welding (9).

7. The convenient operation fastening conductive mechanism for assembling an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing ribs (10) are provided on the triangular area between the horizontal guard plate (704) and the side wall of the strip groove (701).

8. The convenient operation and fastening conductive mechanism for assembling an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bolt heads (101) are respectively provided at both ends of the threaded rod (1); two retaining rings (102) are spaced apart in the middle of the threaded rod (1); a screw support (6) is provided on the electrolyte shield (7); the threaded rod (1) is passed through the screw support (6), and the two retaining rings (102) are located on both sides of the screw support (6).

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