An energy storage capacitor protection circuit for electronic detonators

Abstract

The present invention provides an energy storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator, comprising: a first branch, wherein the first branch is provided with a diode D; and a second branch, wherein the second branch is provided with a resistor R0, a resistor R1, and a depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1; wherein the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, one end of the resistor R0 is connected to the gate of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R0 is connected to the source of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the diode D.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic detonators, and in particular to an energy storage capacitor protection circuit for electronic detonators. Background Art

[0002] Electronic detonators are a new type of detonator that offer advantages over traditional electric and nonel detonators, such as safety, precise time delay, and information-based monitoring. They are gradually replacing traditional electric and nonel detonators.

[0003] Because coal mines harbor flammable and explosive materials like gas and coal dust, safety requirements for detonators permitted in coal mines are higher than those for standard detonators. Currently, the detonators used in coal mines are primarily electric detonators. Electric detonators lack internal energy storage electronics; simply short-circuiting the external legs ensures their safety.

[0004] Electronic detonators contain an internal electronic control module, which includes an energy storage capacitor. Simply short-circuiting the external legs of electronic detonators is insufficient to ensure safe use in high-risk environments like coal mines. This is because energy storage capacitors can become charged due to various factors, including friction, electromagnetic induction, and loose polarization. This charge, if not released promptly, could cause an explosion if the energy exceeds a safe level. Ensuring the safe use of electronic detonators in flammable and explosive environments is a major challenge within the industry.

[0005] There are two existing solutions to the above problem. One is to add a protection circuit to the energy storage capacitor of the electronic detonator, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, C is the energy storage capacitor, Q01, Q02, and Q03 are enhancement-mode MOS transistors, R01 and R02 are resistors, and R03 is the ignition bridge wire. Q02 and R02 form the charging circuit for energy storage capacitor C, Q03 and R03 form the ignition discharge circuit, and Q01 and R01 form the protection circuit. When the electronic detonator is powered on, the chip controls Q01 to turn on and Q02 and Q03 to turn off, allowing the charge on energy storage capacitor C to be discharged through Q01 and R01. A disadvantage of this solution is that when the chip is powered off, no control signals are applied to the gates of Q01, Q02, and Q03. Therefore, Q01, Q02, and Q03 are all off, leaving the ends of energy storage capacitor C open-circuited. The accumulated charge on energy storage capacitor C has no path to discharge. If the energy accumulated on energy storage capacitor C exceeds a safety threshold, there is a risk of detonating gas or dust.

[0006] Another solution is to eliminate the energy storage capacitor and instead supply the detonator ignition energy directly from the busbar. The disadvantage of this solution is that different detonators have different ignition delays. Detonators that ignite later can lose power if the busbar is broken by detonators that ignite earlier, resulting in failure to detonate properly. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main advantage of the present invention is that it provides an energy storage capacitor protection circuit for electronic detonators, which can ensure that the charge accumulated on the energy storage capacitor of the electronic detonator can be released in time even when the electronic detonator is not powered, so as to solve the safety problem of the energy storage capacitor of the electronic detonator in flammable and explosive environments such as coal mines, thereby meeting the safety and explosion-proof standards allowed in coal mines.

[0008] The main advantage of the present invention is that it provides an energy storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator, which can ensure that the charge on the energy storage capacitor can be discharged in time when the electronic detonator is not powered, so that after the electronic detonator is powered, the charge on the energy storage capacitor is completely controlled by the control circuit.

[0009] In order to achieve at least one of the above-mentioned objects or advantages of the present invention, the present invention provides an energy storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator, comprising:

[0010] A first branch, wherein the first branch is provided with a diode D; and

[0011] A second branch, wherein the second branch is provided with a resistor R0, a resistor R1 and a depletion-type MOS transistor Q1;

[0012] The first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, one end of the resistor R0 is connected to the gate of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R0 is connected to the source of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the diode D.

[0013] In particular, the energy storage capacitor protection circuit for the electronic detonator is connected in parallel with the energy storage capacitor C of the electronic detonator, and is electrically connected to the first end and the second end of the energy storage capacitor C respectively, wherein the first end of the energy storage capacitor C is connected to a charging circuit, the second end of the energy storage capacitor C is grounded, and the energy storage capacitor C is further connected in parallel with an ignition discharge circuit, the positive electrode of the diode D is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor C, and the negative electrode of the diode D is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor C.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1 is an N-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor; the resistor R0 and the N-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1 are connected to a negative charge pump; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the N-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D; the negative charge pump is directly connected to the gate of the N-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R0 is connected between the source of the N-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1 and the negative charge pump.

[0015] In another embodiment of the present invention, the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1 is a P-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor; the resistor R0 and the P-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1 are connected to a positive charge pump; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the P-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the diode D; the positive charge pump is directly connected to the gate of the P-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R0 is connected between the source of the P-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1 and the positive charge pump.

[0016] Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be fully apparent from an understanding of the following description and accompanying drawings.

[0017] These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description, accompanying drawings and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an existing energy storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an energy storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an energy storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other implementation schemes, variations, improvements, equivalent solutions and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Refer to the appendix of the present invention Figure 2 and 3 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator is illustrated. The storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator is connected in parallel with the energy storage capacitor C of the electronic detonator and is electrically connected to the first end 10 and the second end 20 of the energy storage capacitor C, respectively. The storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator includes a first branch 11 and a second branch 12 connected in parallel with the first branch 11. The first branch 11 is provided with a diode D, and the second branch is provided with a resistor R0, a resistor R1, and a depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1. The positive electrode of the diode D is connected to the second end 20 of the energy storage capacitor C, the negative electrode of the diode D is connected to the first end 10 of the energy storage capacitor C, one end of the resistor R0 is connected to the gate of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R0 is connected to the source of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the diode D. Specifically, the first end 10 of the energy storage capacitor C is connected to a charging circuit 30, and the second end 20 of the energy storage capacitor C is grounded. The charging circuit 30 includes a resistor R2 and an enhancement mode MOS transistor Q2. The energy storage capacitor C is further connected in parallel to an ignition discharge circuit 40, which includes an ignition bridge wire R3 and an enhancement mode MOS transistor Q3. In particular, the resistor R0 and the depletion mode MOS transistor Q1 are connected to a negative charge pump or a positive charge pump.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is an N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D. The negative charge pump is directly connected to the gate of the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 and is connected to the source of the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 through the resistor R0, that is, the resistor R0 is connected between the source of the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 and the negative charge pump.

[0025] In this embodiment, if the electronic detonator is not powered, the negative charge pump does not work, and the gate and source voltages of the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 are equal. Since Q1 is an N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor, Q1 is in the on state at this time. If the energy storage capacitor C carries a positive charge at the first end and a negative charge at the second end, these charges can be discharged through the second branch 12; if the energy storage capacitor C carries a negative charge at the first end and a positive charge at the second end, these charges can be discharged through the first branch 11. It can be seen that when the electronic detonator is not powered, the charge on the energy storage capacitor C can be discharged, and the charge generated on the energy storage capacitor C due to factors such as friction, electromagnetic induction, or relaxation polarization can be discharged in a timely manner, thereby ensuring that the energy on the energy storage capacitor C is lower than the safety threshold.

[0026] After the electronic detonator is powered on, if the energy storage capacitor C does not need to be charged, the negative charge pump is controlled to remain in a stopped state, so that the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is in a conducting state to ensure that the energy storage capacitor C is within a safety threshold. When the energy storage capacitor C needs to be charged, the negative charge pump is controlled to be started. At this time, the gate voltage of the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is lower than the source voltage, and the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is turned off. Thereafter, the enhancement-mode MOS transistor Q2 is controlled to be turned on to charge the energy storage capacitor C, and then the enhancement-mode MOS transistor Q3 is controlled to be turned on to initiate discharge.

[0027] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is a P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the diode D. The positive charge pump is directly connected to the gate of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 and is connected to the source of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 through the resistor R0, that is, the resistor R0 is connected between the source of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 and the positive charge pump.

[0028] In this embodiment, if the electronic detonator is not powered, the positive charge pump does not work, and the gate and source voltages of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 are equal. Since Q1 is a P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor, Q1 is in the on state at this time. If the energy storage capacitor C carries a positive charge at the first end and a negative charge at the second end, these charges can be discharged through the second branch 12; if the energy storage capacitor C carries a negative charge at the first end and a positive charge at the second end, these charges can be discharged through the first branch 11. It can be seen that when the electronic detonator is not powered, the charge on the energy storage capacitor C can be discharged, and the charge generated on the energy storage capacitor C due to factors such as friction, electromagnetic induction or relaxation polarization can be discharged in time, thereby ensuring that the energy on the energy storage capacitor C is lower than the safety threshold.

[0029] After the electronic detonator is powered on, if the energy storage capacitor C does not need to be charged, the positive charge pump is controlled to remain in a stopped state, so that the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is in a conducting state to ensure that the energy storage capacitor C is within a safety threshold. When the energy storage capacitor C needs to be charged, the positive charge pump is controlled to be started. At this time, the gate voltage of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is higher than the source voltage, and the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is turned off. Thereafter, the enhancement-mode MOS transistor Q2 is controlled to be turned on to charge the energy storage capacitor C, and then the enhancement-mode MOS transistor Q3 is controlled to be turned on to initiate ignition discharge.

[0030] It can be seen from this that the objects of the present invention can be fully and effectively accomplished, and the embodiments used to explain the functional and structural principles of the present invention have been fully illustrated and described, and the present invention is not limited to changes based on the principles of these embodiments. Therefore, the present invention includes all modifications within the scope and spirit of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator, characterized in that: include: A first branch, wherein the first branch is provided with a diode D; and a second branch comprising a resistor R0, a resistor R1, and a depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, wherein the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, one end of the resistor R0 is connected to the gate of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R0 is connected to the source of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, the source of Q1 is also connected to the anode of a diode D, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D; the depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1 is an N-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor; the resistor R0 and the N-channel depletion-mode MOS transistor Q1 are connected to a negative charge pump; The energy storage capacitor protection circuit for the electronic detonator is connected in parallel with the energy storage capacitor C of the electronic detonator, and is electrically connected to the first end and the second end of the energy storage capacitor C, respectively, wherein the first end of the energy storage capacitor C is connected to a charging circuit, the second end of the energy storage capacitor C is grounded, the energy storage capacitor C is further connected in parallel with an ignition discharge circuit, the positive electrode of the diode D is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor C, and the negative electrode of the diode D is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor C; If the energy storage capacitor C carries a positive charge at the first end and a negative charge at the second end, these charges can be discharged through the second branch; if the energy storage capacitor C carries a negative charge at the first end and a positive charge at the second end, these charges can be discharged through the first branch; When the electronic detonator is in an unpowered state, the charge on the energy storage capacitor C can be discharged. The charge generated on the energy storage capacitor C due to friction, electromagnetic induction or relaxation polarization can be discharged in time, thereby ensuring that the energy on the energy storage capacitor C is lower than the safety threshold; The negative charge pump is directly connected to the gate of the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 , and the resistor R0 is connected between the source of the N-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 and the negative charge pump.

2. A storage capacitor protection circuit for an electronic detonator, characterized in that: include: A first branch, wherein the first branch is provided with a diode D; and a second branch comprising a resistor R0, a resistor R1, and a P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor; the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel; the resistor R0 and the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 are connected to a positive charge pump; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the drain of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the diode D; the positive charge pump is directly connected to the gate of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1; the resistor R0 is connected between the source of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 and the positive charge pump; one end of the resistor R0 is connected to the gate of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R0 is connected to the source of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1; the source of the P-channel depletion-type MOS transistor Q1 is also connected to the cathode of the diode D; The energy storage capacitor protection circuit for the electronic detonator is connected in parallel with the energy storage capacitor C of the electronic detonator, and is electrically connected to the first end and the second end of the energy storage capacitor C, respectively, wherein the first end of the energy storage capacitor C is connected to a charging circuit, the second end of the energy storage capacitor C is grounded, the energy storage capacitor C is further connected in parallel with an ignition discharge circuit, the positive electrode of the diode D is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor C, and the negative electrode of the diode D is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor C; If the energy storage capacitor C carries a positive charge at the first end and a negative charge at the second end, these charges can be discharged through the second branch; if the energy storage capacitor C carries a negative charge at the first end and a positive charge at the second end, these charges can be discharged through the first branch; When the electronic detonator is in an unpowered state, the charge on the energy storage capacitor C can be discharged. The charge generated on the energy storage capacitor C due to friction, electromagnetic induction or relaxation polarization can be discharged in time, thereby ensuring that the energy on the energy storage capacitor C is lower than the safety threshold.

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