A compressible waterproof seal for tunnel lining joints

Abstract

The present invention discloses a compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing gasket, comprising a sealing gasket body arranged in a waterproof groove, the sealing gasket body having a mounting end that can be embedded in the waterproof groove of a shield segment and an extrusion end that can cooperate with the sealing gasket body of another shield segment for extrusion, the waterproof sealing gasket is provided with through holes symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the cross section, the opening shapes of the through holes are quasi-convex through holes, inverted quasi-convex through holes, semi-quasi-convex through holes, circular through holes and inverted U-shaped through holes, and the waterproof sealing gasket is provided with inverted U-shaped through holes, circular through holes, semi-quasi-convex through holes, quasi-convex through holes and inverted quasi-convex through holes in sequence from bottom to top. The present invention can fit tightly after the lining segments are spliced, the direction of closed deformation is controllable, the contact force is uniform, and it has the advantages of high efficiency and stability under long-term load, and can significantly reduce the assembly force of the waterproof sealing gasket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seals, and in particular relates to an easily compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing pad. Background Art

[0002] With the development of urban tunnel construction, shield tunneling has become the main construction method for subway tunnels, cross-river tunnels, etc. due to its advantages such as high efficiency and little disturbance to the surrounding rock and soil. Since the linings of shield tunnels are interconnected, the waterproof performance of the lining joints is crucial to the normal operation of the tunnel and is also one of the important indicators for testing whether the tunnel quality is qualified.

[0003] In current tunnel construction projects, EPDM gaskets with through holes are often used as the main waterproof material when splicing lining segments. EPDM elastic rubber is a superelastic material, and its waterproof mechanism is to set gasket grooves at the end faces of the two pre-spliced ​​lining joints and arrange EPDM elastic rubber gaskets respectively. When the segments are spliced, under the action of the splicing pressure, several through holes set inside the EPDM elastic rubber gaskets are compressed and collapsed. Since EPDM rubber is incompressible, a large contact stress is generated between the contact surfaces of the two gaskets, and water will not be able to penetrate into the joint, thereby playing a waterproof role.

[0004] In actual projects, when EPDM rubber gaskets are used in tunnels with high requirements for waterproof capabilities such as deep drainage, river crossing, and sea crossing, in order to achieve a certain waterproof capability, the EPDM elastic sealing gasket will adopt a thick and large design, resulting in excessive assembly force for squeezing the sealing gasket, which may cause damage to the ends of the prefabricated pipe segment joints during the splicing process. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new type of EPDM rubber sealing gasket cross-section form, and open a through hole in the sealing gasket that has a more fitting shape after closing, so that the closing process is simpler, thereby reducing the assembly force required for the splicing of the pipe segment lining while ensuring the waterproof effect.

[0005] The cross-sectional design also makes the elastic sealing gasket have greater compressibility and higher elasticity. Even if the segment joint has a certain opening, it can still be in a certain compression state and effectively prevent water leakage. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new cross-sectional form of waterproof sealing gasket, which can meet the waterproof requirements of shield tunnel segment joints under high water pressure, and ensure that the assembly force can meet the construction and design requirements, and still retain a high waterproof ability under a certain opening and assembly error. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technology, the present invention proposes an easily compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing gasket, which can fit tightly after the lining segments are spliced, has a controllable closing deformation direction, and has uniform contact force. It has the advantages of high efficiency and stability under long-term loads, and can significantly reduce the assembly force of the waterproof sealing gasket.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing gasket, comprising a sealing gasket body arranged in a waterproof groove; the sealing gasket body has a mounting end that can be embedded in the waterproof groove of a shield segment and an extrusion end that can be extruded in cooperation with the sealing gasket body of another shield segment; the waterproof sealing gasket is provided with through holes symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the cross section; the opening shapes of the through holes are convex-shaped through holes, inverted convex-shaped through holes, semi-convex-shaped through holes, circular through holes and inverted U-shaped through holes; the waterproof sealing gasket is provided with inverted U-shaped through holes, circular through holes, semi-convex through holes, convex-shaped through holes and inverted convex through holes in sequence from bottom to top.

[0008] The number of the convex-like through holes, inverted convex-like through holes and circular through holes is determined according to the width of the top surface and the bottom surface, and is preferably 3-8; the number of the inverted U-shaped through holes is 4-7; and the number of the semi-convex through holes is 2.

[0009] There are 5 inverted U-shaped through holes, 2 circular through holes, 4 convex through holes, 2 semi-convex through holes and 5 inverted convex through holes.

[0010] The specific size design of the quasi-convex through hole is that the length L1 of the bottom side of the quasi-convex through hole is equal to the length L2 of the top side of the quasi-convex through hole plus the length L3 of the two top connecting sides, that is, L1=L2+2L3, the oblique long side of the bottom of the quasi-convex through hole is equal to the oblique long side of the top of the quasi-convex through hole, and the vertical bottom side of the short sides of the quasi-convex through hole on both sides is equal to the short oblique side of the top of the quasi-convex through hole; the inverted quasi-convex through hole has the same size as the quasi-convex through hole; the semi-convex through hole is a through hole with a semi-structure along the symmetry axis of the quasi-convex through hole;

[0011] The quasi-convex through hole, semi-convex through hole and inverted quasi-convex through hole are a group of easily deformable through holes; the quasi-convex through hole is arranged at the lower part and is parallel to the bottom of the sealing gasket body; the semi-convex through hole and the quasi-convex through hole are arranged horizontally, and are respectively arranged at the two ends of the quasi-convex through hole; the inverted quasi-convex through hole is arranged at the upper part and is parallel to the top of the sealing gasket body; the inverted U-shaped through hole is arranged at the bottom of the sealing gasket body; through the above arrangement, the connecting part of the easily deformable through hole group and the convex part of the easily deformable through hole group between the two quasi-convex through holes can be completely fitted with the opening area of ​​the through hole after compression, so as to achieve the purpose that the opening area of ​​the convex through hole area is completely filled after compression and there are no pores; at the same time, the specific size design also makes the sealing gasket deform along the compression direction in the convex through hole area, which to a certain extent solves the problem of uncertain lateral displacement in the compression deformation direction of conventional sealing gaskets.

[0012] The circular through hole is arranged parallel to the bottom edge, mainly to reduce local stress concentration of the waterproof sealing gasket, make the waterproof sealing gasket evenly stressed, easier to close, reduce damage to the waterproof groove, ensure that the waterproof sealing gasket fits tightly with the waterproof groove after being compressed, thereby increasing the stability and reliability of the waterproof sealing gasket, and improving its service life and fault tolerance.

[0013] During the compression of the sealing gasket body, first, the easily deformed through hole area composed of semi-convex through holes, convex through holes and inverted convex through holes is completely filled in the open hole area after compression, and at the same time, the inverted U-shaped through holes and the circular through holes are slightly deformed; with further compression, the circular through holes and the inverted U-shaped through holes are greatly deformed until the compression closure is completed.

[0014] Furthermore, the sealing gasket body can effectively control the assembly force by reasonably setting the shape, size and position of the through hole to avoid damage to the pipe segment. At the same time, since the waterproof sealing gasket has ductility, the tight fit between the waterproof groove and the sealing gasket body after the waterproof sealing gasket is compressed and closed further ensures the waterproof effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the convex-like through holes, semi-convex-like through holes and inverted convex-like through holes are designed as a group of easily deformable through holes, so that the upper and lower sealing gasket bodies are compressed tightly and fit completely in the contact area. After the waterproof sealing gasket in this area is closed, the overall stiffness is greater, and the contact surface is evenly stressed, which is more stable and more reliable under long-term use.

[0016] Furthermore, after the sealing gasket body is subjected to pressure, the wall of the waterproof groove on the water-facing surface is tightly fitted with the water-facing surface of the sealing gasket body, and the area where the upper and lower sealing gasket bodies are connected is completely closed because the convex through holes, semi-convex through holes and inverted convex through holes are designed as a group of easily deformable through holes. As a result, the deformation of the sealing gasket body caused by the lateral force of the water pressure is much smaller than that of the circular or triangular through holes that are not completely compressed and fitted. At the same time, it can prevent the waterproof sealing gasket from leaking in the contact area with the waterproof groove due to the lifting of the foot of the waterproof sealing gasket under the action of water pressure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects and advantages:

[0018] (1) Optimization of waterproof performance: The present invention optimizes the shape, size, and position of the through holes to obtain a structure with better stability and waterproof performance, thereby meeting the waterproof requirements of the water pressure of the shield tunnel segment joints and ensuring that good waterproof capabilities can be maintained under certain assembly errors.

[0019] (2) Assembly force optimization: The present invention adopts a design of a group of easily deformable through holes, including convex through holes, semi-convex through holes and inverted convex through holes. Not only can the compression deformation direction of the waterproof sealing gasket be stabilized, but the assembly force can also be greatly reduced. Furthermore, the opening rate of the waterproof sealing gasket can be adjusted to control the size of the assembly force, thereby expanding its application range.

[0020] (3) The present invention has a simple structure, can be integrally formed, is easy to manufacture, and can expand the application range of EPDM waterproof sealing gaskets with excellent waterproof performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a cross section of a sealing gasket of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the quasi-convex through hole of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the closing process of the easily deformable through hole group of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing gasket of the present invention before being pressed together.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the compression deformation process of the sealing gasket of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing gasket of the present invention being compressed due to assembly errors.

[0027] Marked in the figure: 1-sealing gasket body, 2-waterproof groove, 3-convex through hole, 4-inverted convex through hole, 5-semi-convex through hole, 6-circular through hole, 7-inverted U-shaped through hole, 31-bottom edge of convex through hole, 32-top edge of convex through hole, 33-oblique long edge of bottom of convex through hole, 34-oblique long edge of top of convex through hole, 35-short edges on both sides of convex through hole, 36-short oblique edge on top of convex through hole, 8-top connecting edge, 9-completely closed deformable through hole group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, an example of the compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing gasket described in the present invention includes a sealing gasket body 1 arranged in a waterproof groove 2; the sealing gasket body 1 has a mounting end that can be embedded in the waterproof groove 2 of a shield segment and an extrusion end that can be extruded in cooperation with the sealing gasket body 1 of another shield segment; the sealing gasket body 1 is provided with through holes symmetrically about the central axis of the cross section; the opening shapes of the through holes are convex-shaped through holes 3, inverted convex-shaped through holes 4, semi-convex-shaped through holes 5, circular through holes 6 and inverted U-shaped through holes 7; the sealing gasket body 1 is provided with inverted U-shaped through holes 7, circular through holes 6, semi-convex through holes 5, convex-shaped through holes 3 and inverted convex through holes 4 in sequence from bottom to top.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the specific size of the quasi-convex through hole 3 is designed as follows: the length L1 of the bottom side 31 of the quasi-convex through hole is equal to the length L2 of the top side 32 of the quasi-convex through hole plus the length L3 of the two top connecting sides 8, that is, L1=L2+2L3, the oblique long side 33 of the bottom of the quasi-convex through hole is equal to the oblique long side 34 of the top of the quasi-convex through hole, and the short sides 35 on both sides of the quasi-convex through hole are perpendicular to the bottom side and are equal to the length of the short oblique side 36 of the upper part of the quasi-convex through hole;

[0032] The inverted quasi-convex through hole 4 has the same size as the quasi-convex through hole 3; the semi-quasi-convex through hole 5 is a through hole with a half structure along the symmetry axis of the quasi-convex through hole 3;

[0033] The number of the convex-like through holes 3, the inverted convex-like through holes 4 and the circular through holes 6 is determined according to the width of the top surface and the bottom surface, and preferably 3-8 are set; the number of the inverted U-shaped through holes 7 is preferably 4-7; the number of the semi-convex through holes 5 is 2.

[0034] Preferably, there are 5 inverted U-shaped through holes 7, 2 circular through holes 6, 4 convex-shaped through holes 3, 2 semi-convex-shaped through holes 5, and 5 inverted convex-shaped through holes 4.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the quasi-convex through hole 3, the semi-convex through hole 5 and the inverted quasi-convex through hole 4 are a group of easily deformable through holes; the quasi-convex through hole 3 is arranged at the lower part and is parallel to the bottom of the sealing gasket body 1; the semi-convex through hole 5 is arranged horizontally with the quasi-convex through hole 3, and is respectively arranged at both ends of the quasi-convex through hole 3; the inverted quasi-convex through hole 4 is arranged at the upper part and is parallel to the top of the sealing gasket body 1;

[0036] The connecting part of the easily deformable through hole group and the convex part of the easily deformable through hole group between the two convex-like through holes are completely fitted with the opening area of ​​the through hole after compression, so as to achieve the purpose that the opening area of ​​the easily deformable through hole area is completely filled after compression and there are no pores; at the same time, the specific size design also makes the waterproof sealing gasket deform along the compression direction in the easily deformable through hole area, which solves the problem of uncertain lateral displacement in the compression deformation direction of conventional sealing gaskets to a certain extent.

[0037] The circular through hole 6 is arranged parallel to the bottom edge, mainly to reduce the local stress concentration of the waterproof sealing gasket, so that the waterproof sealing gasket is evenly stressed and easier to close, reducing the damage to the waterproof groove 2, and ensuring that the waterproof sealing gasket is tightly fitted with the waterproof groove 2 after being compressed, thereby increasing the stability and reliability of the waterproof sealing gasket, and improving its service life and fault tolerance.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, when the spliced ​​pipe segments are pressed together, the top surfaces of the butted sealing gasket bodies 1 are in contact with each other.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, during the compression process of the spliced ​​pipe segment sealing gasket body 1, first, the variable through hole area composed of the semi-convex through hole 5, the convex through hole 3 and the inverted convex through hole 4 is completely filled after compression, and at the same time, the inverted U-shaped through hole 7 and the circular through hole 6 are slightly deformed; with further compression, the circular through hole 6 and the inverted U-shaped through hole 7 are greatly deformed until the compression closure is completed.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Another example of the compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing gasket described in the present invention, the sealing gasket body 1 is sequentially provided with an inverted U-shaped through hole 7, a circular through hole 6, a semi-convex through hole 5, a convex through hole 3 and an inverted convex through hole 4 from the bottom to the top, and the assembly force can be effectively controlled by reasonably setting the shape, size and position of the through holes to avoid damage to the pipe segment, and at the same time, because the waterproof sealing gasket has ductility, the waterproof sealing gasket is compressed and closed, and the close fit between the waterproof groove 2 and the sealing gasket body 1 further ensures the waterproof effect

[0042] The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Another example of the easily compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing gasket described in the present invention, the convex through hole 3, the semi-convex through hole 5 and the inverted convex through hole 4 are designed as a group of easily deformable through holes, so that the upper and lower sealing gasket bodies 1 are tightly and completely fitted after compression in the contact area, the waterproof sealing gasket in this area has a larger overall stiffness, the contact surface is evenly stressed, it is more stable and more reliable under long-term use.

[0045] The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 or 2.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] Another example of the compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing gasket described in the present invention, after the sealing gasket body 1 is compressed, the wall of the waterproof groove on the water-facing side is tightly fitted with the water-facing side of the sealing gasket body 1, and the area where the upper and lower sealing gasket bodies 1 are connected, because the convex through holes 3, semi-convex through holes 5 and inverted convex through holes 4 are designed as a group of easily deformable through holes, so that the through holes in this part are completely closed, and thus the deformation of the sealing gasket body 1 caused by the lateral force of the water pressure on it is much smaller than that of the circular or triangular through holes that are not completely compressed and fitted. At the same time, it can prevent the waterproof sealing gasket from leaking in the contact area with the waterproof groove 2 due to the lifting of the foot of the waterproof sealing gasket under the action of water pressure.

[0048] The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, 2 or 3.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] like Figure 6As shown, the fifth example of the easily compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing gasket described in the present invention, the convex-like through hole 3, the semi-convex-like through hole 5 and the inverted convex-like through hole 4 are designed as a group of easily deformable through holes, so that when there is a certain amount of opening and staggered seam, according to the deformation characteristics of the waterproof sealing gasket of the present invention, the final deformation of the inverted U-shaped through hole 7 and the circular through hole 6 is smaller than that of Example 1, and at the same time, the design of the easily deformable through hole enables the area to continue to maintain tight and complete compression, and the overall stiffness of the sealing gasket in this area is relatively large, the contact surface is evenly stressed, and it is more stable and reliable under long-term use.

[0051] The opening amount refers to the length of the crack that cannot be completely closed between two adjacent linings due to construction errors when the tunnel lining is spliced; the staggered amount refers to the length of the horizontal splicing error between two adjacent linings due to construction errors when the tunnel lining is spliced.

[0052] The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, 2 or 3.

[0053] The details not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0054] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, any obvious modifications, equivalent substitutions or other improvements made without departing from the concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing pad, characterized in that: It comprises a sealing gasket body arranged in a waterproof groove, the sealing gasket body having a mounting end that can be embedded in the waterproof groove of a shield segment and an extrusion end that can cooperate with the sealing gasket body of another shield segment for extrusion, the waterproof sealing gasket is provided with through holes symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the cross section, the opening shapes of the through holes are quasi-convex through holes, inverted quasi-convex through holes, semi-quasi-convex through holes, circular through holes and inverted U-shaped through holes, and the waterproof sealing gasket is provided with inverted U-shaped through holes, circular through holes, semi-quasi-convex through holes, quasi-convex through holes and inverted quasi-convex through holes in sequence from the bottom to the top; The quasi-convex through hole, the semi-convex through hole and the inverted quasi-convex through hole are a group of easily deformable through holes. The quasi-convex through hole is arranged at the lower part and is parallel to the bottom of the gasket body. The semi-convex through hole and the quasi-convex through hole are arranged horizontally and are respectively arranged at the two ends of the quasi-convex through hole. The inverted quasi-convex through hole is arranged at the upper part and is parallel to the top of the gasket body. The connecting part of the easily deformable through hole group and the convex part of the easily deformable through hole group between the two quasi-convex through holes are completely fitted with the opening area of ​​the through hole after compression, and the opening area of ​​the quasi-convex through hole area is completely filled after compression; The specific dimensions of the quasi-convex through hole are that the length L1 of the bottom side of the quasi-convex through hole is equal to the length L2 of the top side of the quasi-convex through hole plus the length L3 of the two top connecting sides, that is, L1=L2+2L3, the oblique long side at the bottom of the quasi-convex through hole is equal to the oblique long side at the top of the quasi-convex through hole, the vertical bottom side of the short sides on both sides of the quasi-convex through hole is equal to the short oblique side at the top of the quasi-convex through hole, the inverted quasi-convex through hole has the same size as the quasi-convex through hole, and the semi-convex through hole is a through hole with a half structure along the symmetry axis of the quasi-convex through hole.

2. The compressible tunnel lining joint waterproof sealing pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverted U-shaped through hole is arranged at the bottom of the sealing gasket body, and the circular through hole is arranged parallel to the bottom surface edge of the sealing gasket body.

Images