Electric Energy and Dual-Carbon Supply System, and International Energy and Electric-Carbon Internet for Whole-Link Electric-Carbon Metering, Trading, Tracking, and Distribution

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electric energy and dual-carbon supply system and an international energy electric-carbon Internet for full-link electric-carbon metering, trading, tracking, and distribution, including a distribution system, a functional module of an Internet of Things chip, an IOT system station of the Internet of Things, and an intelligent factory on the load side accessing the IOT system station of the Internet of Things. The outputs of photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and biomass energy are all combined with energy storage power to form cloud energy storage power; the cloud energy storage power, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and biomass energy are all bidirectionally controlled by a renewable energy electric-carbon metering controller, and the renewable energy electric-carbon metering controller is interconnected with the local smart grid. It can automatically identify, measure, track, and intelligently distribute information such as the identity, electric energy, dual-carbon scheduling, carbon emissions, and trading of various electric powers, power transmissions, power transformations, power distributions, concentrators, smart meters, load switches, and terminal electrical equipment in the full-link, multi-source energy power transmission and supply system from the source side, network side, load side, and energy storage side of the smart grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the power transmission and distribution of the Internet of Things intelligent power grid, and relates to a digital power intelligent sensing and identification power energy and dual-carbon supply system based on the Internet of Things perception of the intelligent power grid, and a whole-link electricity-carbon measurement, trading, tracking and distribution international energy electricity-carbon Internet. Background Art

[0002] Build a new power system that is green, environmentally friendly, safe and reliable, with energy storage and peak shaving capabilities as the foundation, supporting the grid connection of large-scale friendly and existing thermal power and other fossil energy sources such as wind power, solar power, biomass energy, hydropower, and nuclear power, and realizing a high proportion of consumption and regulation capabilities of the intelligent power grid.

[0003] First, the first difficult problem faced is that there is currently a lack of automatic identification of the identities, electrical energy, dual-carbon, etc. of various power, transmission, transformation, distribution, and terminal electrical equipment in the multi-energy power transmission and supply system connected to the intelligent power grid, and there is no device for automatically identifying and measuring the electricity-carbon measurement on the source side (power generation side) and the load side.

[0004] A large amount of zero-carbon emissions led by new energy are incorporated into the new power system, forming a vast electricity-carbon measurement, electricity-carbon dispatching, power flow, carbon emission flow, and electricity-carbon trading whole-link power energy carbon-neutral electricity-carbon economy and security system from the source side, network side, and load side, achieving the goal of carbon neutrality with benefits for all parties. Due to inevitable interference or even failures during the sampling of electricity-carbon data and the transmission process, the vast amount of measurement data in the energy load scenario forms a blockage in the existing wired and wireless networks and cannot be fully realized; thus, the current ideals and goals remain at the simulation and conceptual levels.

[0005] As the basic unit of the global energy Internet, the idea of the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the smart grid shows great growth potential. The application of the power IoT in power generation, transmission, transformation, distribution of the smart grid, as well as in the interaction between industrial smart factories, intelligent manufacturing, customers, and utility companies, forms a flexible power energy distribution and dual-carbon management platform to promote the development of integrated energy services and the rational emission and trading benefits supply of the dual-carbon goal distribution. Currently, building such a platform requires a large number of access grid feeder sensors in key components of the smart grid, such as smart meters, smart meters and load switches for remote electricity charge control of low-voltage users, and any local electrical equipment including smart factories and smart buildings to obtain identity authentication, data, and information. These numerous feeder sensors, together with various AC / DC monitoring devices and electronic meters for power metering introduced in the distribution system, and the use of many voltage and current sensors and electronic chokes in the smart grid and the IoT, when a non-linear load is applied to the system, the power supply current tends to be non-sinusoidal and has a significant harmonic content loss, which damages the power quality. Currently, there is no device that can automatically identify the identities of these devices, smart meters, and load switches and the electricity consumption information, and replace these feeder sensors, making it impossible for them to be batch-connected to the smart grid and the IoT. On the power generation side, the transmission and distribution side, from energy routers, concentrators to smart electricity meters and load switches, a series of problems are faced, such as a large quantity, complex on-site environment, low quality of communication media, and high cost pressure.

[0006] In the IoT, smart grid, and renewable energy such as photovoltaic, wind power, and energy storage, as well as in the power grid, a large number of power metering, monitoring, control, and end-user devices are used, with a large number of repetitive functions. The high cost and shortage of master control circuit chips, logic chips, analog-to-digital conversion chips, ARM, DSP2, mcu, ADC, dual PI controllers, PQ controllers, droop controllers, drive and signal conditioning, communication chips, and various voltage, current, power, sensors, filter impedance devices, as well as a large amount of communication, display, and other hardware and software investments, make the meters and monitoring and control devices dedicated to specific machines only, resulting in a large amount of economic waste. Moreover, there are problems with the existing meters, IoT, and smart grid island connections; the chips, sensors, and communication software and hardware have not achieved functional integration and interaction, and controlling all elements of the power grid and the IoT from power generation to delivery causes a large shortage of chips and high economic costs, bringing a large amount of harmonic-polluted waste electricity to the power grid and resulting in low metering, monitoring, and control accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric energy and dual-carbon supply system and an international energy electric-carbon Internet for whole-link electric-carbon metering, trading, tracking and distribution, which can automatically identify, measure, track and intelligently distribute the identities, electric energy, dual-carbon scheduling, carbon emissions, trading and other information of various electric powers, power transmissions, power conversions, power distributions, concentrators, smart meters, load switches, and terminal electrical equipment in the whole link of the smart grid from the source side, network side, load side and energy storage, and in the multi-energy power transmission and supply system.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that the electric energy and dual-carbon supply system includes: a source-side distribution system, a functional module of an Internet of Things chip on the network side, an IOT system station of the Internet of Things, and a smart factory on the load side accessing the IOT system station of the Internet of Things; an energy metering load switch controls the power supply of the smart factory;

[0009] The source-side distribution system includes: a main chip and a multiplexing chip, and the main chip is connected to a plurality of multiplexing chips through a common terminal interface;

[0010] The main chip includes an ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel, a triangular trigger generator, and three triangular modulators. A level shifter voltage divider and a current regulator are connected to the main chip. Among them, the current regulator is connected to the triangular modulator, the level shifter voltage divider is connected to the ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel, and the triangular trigger generator is input to the ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel through sampling trigger; the main chip is connected to the functional module through an IO interface;

[0011] The multiplexing chip is connected to the IO interface through sensors, and the IO interface accesses the illumination intensity of the photovoltaic module, the temperature of the photovoltaic module, the power supply temperature, the direct current, the direct voltage, the three-phase alternating voltage, the three-phase alternating current, the direct current switch, the alternating current switch, the contactor, the photovoltaic module switch, the drive of the inverter bridge, the output signal SW1 of the electric-carbon identifier, and the output signal SW2 of the electric-carbon identifier;

[0012] The functional module is connected to the module of the IOT system station through an IO interface, and each module of the IOT system station is connected to the smart factory through an IO interface.

[0013] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a full-link electric carbon measurement, trading, tracking and distribution international energy electric carbon Internet, which is characterized in that it includes photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and biomass energy. The outputs of all three are combined with energy storage power to form cloud energy storage power; the cloud energy storage power, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and biomass energy are all bidirectionally controlled by a renewable energy electric carbon measurement controller, and the renewable energy electric carbon measurement controller is interconnected with the local smart grid. The local smart grid is respectively interconnected with the traditional power grid and the Internet of Things system station; the node control unit, wireless Internet adapter, international smart energy network, national smart grid, and cloud server are all interconnected with the Internet of Things system station; the international smart energy network and the national smart grid are both interconnected with the international energy Internet; the data classification concentrator, management review, and cloud server are all interconnected with the industrial Internet of Things gateway; the IOT antenna transmits the electric carbon data and related information identified by the electric carbon identifier; the intelligent factory, workshop energy measurement load switch, equipment energy electric carbon measurement load switch, safety fire protection lighting electric carbon load switch, and user electric carbon measurement switch are all interconnected with IOT wireless, Ethernet, and IOT antenna. IOT wireless is interconnected with the data classification concentrator through wifi-MQTT, and the IOT antenna is interconnected with the data classification concentrator; Ethernet is interconnected with the network server, and the network server is respectively connected to the intelligent manufacturing system of the intelligent factory and the enterprise storage management library. The intelligent manufacturing system of the intelligent factory is interconnected with the enterprise storage management library.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. Solve the problem that when a non-linear load is applied to the system, the power supply current tends to be non-sinusoidal and has a significant harmonic content loss, which damages the power quality. It can replace the device of the Internet of Things perception feeder sensor in the current smart grid, and conduct power energy and dual-carbon economy supply and measurement throughout the process from power generation to end-users; it can be applied to intelligent factories and intelligent manufacturing, intelligent buildings, and realize an online energy analysis, electric carbon low-carbon scheduling, energy prediction decision-making, safety detection, load-driven intelligent management platform and electric carbon scheduling and trading of global energy interconnection for the intelligent factory and intelligent manufacturing (equipment).

[0016] 2. Regarding the interaction between the smart grid, the power Internet of Things, and the power distribution from power generation, transmission and distribution to end-users, as well as the measurement, tracking and trading of carbon neutrality and carbon emissions reduction, a low-power digital power intelligent carbon sensor identifier is designed. It combines smart meters, concentrators, and load switches to achieve the identification of terminal device identities and automatic information pairing. Through the IOT system station, the Internet of Things sensing unit performs identity identification and asset coding on the carbon neutrality and carbon emissions reduction of concentrators, smart meters, load switches, electrical equipment, wind power, solar power, biomass energy, hydropower, nuclear power, and thermal power, realizing the supply measurement of electric energy and carbon neutrality and carbon emissions reduction asset management throughout the entire process from power generation, transmission and distribution, end-user power consumption, smart grid, power Internet of Things, to the international energy Internet. It replaces a large number of current sensors and metering devices in renewable energy, the Internet of Things, and smart grids, improves the accuracy of electric energy metering, and realizes the wireless automatic switching of electrical equipment in smart factories and intelligent manufacturing through wireless network cooperation, saving the electrical equipment controllers, PLCs, chips, and load switches in the distribution system in intelligent manufacturing. It realizes the online and timely matching of the power generation capacity and demand of each user throughout the entire power process, provides real-time information and instant supply-demand balance; provides online updates for any monitoring variable failures, improves the energy utilization rate, and increases the quantity and price supply of carbon neutrality and carbon emissions reduction. By analyzing the time data of the load, predicting future demand based on consumer behavior, and improving the predictive energy management of energy supply delivery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the digital power transmission architecture of the smart grid Internet of Things, the energy and carbon load of the smart factory, and the international energy and carbon Internet in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the energy, energy quantity, carbon and electricity quantity, prediction, decision-making, drive, intelligent building system, and intelligent factory management system in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a specific structural schematic diagram of the power and carbon neutrality and carbon emissions reduction distribution hardware system of digital power intelligent sensing and identification based on smart grid Internet of Things sensing in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of an electric energy and dual-carbon metering and paired transmission system for digital power intelligent sensing and identification of the access of renewable energy (wind-solar-storage system) to the intelligent power grid through Internet of Things perception in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 is Figure 4 The electro-carbon identification diagram in the frequency wave metering of the electro-carbon identifier.

[0023] Figure 6 It is the current CT power-taking detection circuit diagram of the electro-carbon metering table. Among them, (a) is the circuit diagram of the first embodiment, and (b) is the circuit diagram of the second embodiment.

[0024] Figure 7 It is the input circuit diagram for monitoring each voltage phase. Among them, (a) is the circuit diagram of the first embodiment, and (b) is the circuit diagram of the second embodiment.

[0025] Figure 8 is Figure 4 The electro-carbon energy load switch control architecture diagram of PC + router + Internet intelligent manufacturing.

[0026] Figure 9 is Figure 4 The scheduling architecture diagram of the IOT radio transmission online electric energy and dual-carbon supply system. Specific implementation manners

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] The electric energy and dual-carbon supply system based on intelligent power grid Internet of Things perception for digital power intelligent sensing and identification in the embodiments of the present invention includes the global energy interconnection from the source side, network side, load side and energy storage side, and solves the problems of intermittent power generation of renewable energy, realizes the global energy dual-carbon intelligent sensing, identification and distribution, and an energy interconnection system with uninterrupted power supply.

[0029] As Figure 1-2 shown, the intelligent power grid Internet of Things and the digital power transmission architecture of the energy electro-carbon load of the intelligent factory and the international energy electro-carbon Internet ( Figure 2 ) include: energy, energy quantity, electro-carbon quantity, prediction, decision-making (scheduling), driving, intelligent building, intelligent factory management system, and an international energy electro-carbon Internet for forming the whole-link electro-carbon metering, trading, tracking and distribution with the IOT antenna and electro-carbon identification as the core, as Figure 1 shown.

[0030] Among them, the full-link electricity-carbon measurement, trading, tracking, and distribution international energy electricity-carbon Internet includes: photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and biomass energy. The outputs of all three are combined with energy storage power to form cloud energy storage power (not shown in the figure); the cloud energy storage power, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and biomass energy are all bidirectionally controlled by a renewable energy electricity-carbon measurement (tracking) controller, and the renewable energy electricity-carbon measurement (tracking) controller is interconnected with the local smart grid, and the local smart grid is respectively interconnected with the traditional power grid and the Internet of Things system station; the node control unit, wireless Internet adapter, international smart energy network, national smart grid, and cloud server are all interconnected with the Internet of Things system station; the international smart energy network and the national smart grid are both interconnected with the international energy Internet; the data classification concentrator, management review, and cloud server are all interconnected with the industrial Internet of Things gateway.

[0031] The electricity-carbon data and related information identified by the electricity-carbon identifier are all transmitted by the IOT antenna, and devices interconnected with the IOT antenna are all equipped with electricity-carbon identifiers; interconnected with IOT wireless, Ethernet, and IOT antenna transmission are a data (electricity-carbon) classification concentrator (which is not connected to Ethernet), intelligent factory (energy measurement load switch), workshop energy measurement load switches 1 to -N, equipment energy electricity-carbon measurement load switches, safety fire protection lighting electricity-carbon load switches 1 to N, household, commercial, and residential building user electricity-carbon measurement switches; IOT wireless is interconnected with the data (electricity-carbon) classification concentrator through wifi-MQTT; Ethernet is interconnected with the network server, and the network server is respectively connected to the intelligent factory intelligent manufacturing system (household, commercial, residential, and building user electricity-carbon measurement management system) and the enterprise (government and public utilities) storage management library, and the intelligent factory intelligent manufacturing system is connected to the enterprise storage management library; the enterprise storage management library is connected to the management review module, and the management review module is connected to the office management module.

[0032] The above power supply system source side globally deploys a renewable energy power generation system power station that can be predictably dispatched in other places, and is transmitted over a long distance to the local renewable energy power generation system power station + energy storage power ( Figure 1 ) + electricity-carbon meter ( Figure 4 ) + electricity-carbon identifier + Internet of Things system unit through the grid side with a UHV smart grid, and is distributed by the IOT system station and transmitted over a long distance to the local IOT system sub-station for re-distribution through the medium-voltage smart grid on the grid side, and the electricity consumption load (intelligent factory, intelligent building, public utilities) is distributed to the intelligent power switch integrated controller (not marked in the figure) through the energy measurement load switch and the electric energy dual-carbon concentrator ( Figure 8 ) and then distributed to the relevant equipment on the power consumption production line; among them, the intelligent sensing identification meter (such as Figure 8 ) + electricity-carbon identifier + energy measurement load switch accurately identifies the identity, quantity, price, distribution, and energy electricity-carbon of the sensing electricity and carbon, power supply and transmission and distribution, electricity consumption, carbon emission, and carbon neutralization, and the switch control; the control adopts Figure 9The short-distance + long-distance communication between the point-to-point wireless, wired or power line communication and different base stations of the Internet page, for the power data such as electricity and carbon on the source side, network side, energy storage side and load side, digital sensing acquisition, processing, storage to different base stations, the first layer, second layer and third layer of the dispatching system are respectively interconnected with the control unit and the database; the control unit and the database are established in the IOT system station and the IOT system sub-station.

[0033] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the digital power intelligent sensing and identification power and dual-carbon supply system based on the intelligent grid Internet of Things perception is composed of a source-side distribution system, functional modules on the network side, the IOT system station of the Internet of Things and intelligent factories 1 to N (energy metering load switches) on the load side of the IOT system station connected to the Internet of Things; the source-side distribution system uses multiple main chips and multiplexing chips to obtain more electricity and carbon metering and more IO connection ports for the access of multiple power generation equipment, converters and inverters, control and detection equipment, and for the supply identification, metering, dispatching, control and distribution of multiple renewable energies, thermal power, fossil energies, energy, electricity and carbon, carbon emissions, and bills. The network side and the load side use multiple intelligent Internet of Things chips to obtain more IO connection ports for the access of more power transmission, dual-carbon distribution and electrical loads and carbon neutralization, control and detection equipment. The main chip includes an ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel, a triangular trigger generator, three triangular modulators, a level-shifting voltage divider and a current regulator connected to the main chip. Among them, the current regulator (current sensor CT) is connected to the triangular modulator, the level-shifting voltage divider is connected to the ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel, and the triangular trigger generator is sampled and triggered to input the ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel.

[0034] As Figure 3 shown above, the main chip is connected to multiple multiplexing chips through a common terminal interface; the multiplexing chips are connected to the IO interface through sensors, and the IO interface accesses include the light intensity of the photovoltaic module, the temperature of the photovoltaic module, the power supply temperature, the direct current, the direct voltage, the three-phase alternating voltage, the three-phase alternating current, the direct current switch, the alternating current switch, the contactor, the photovoltaic module switch, the drive of the inverter bridge (not shown in the figure), the output signal SW1 of the electricity and carbon identifier ( Figure 4 ), and the output signal SW2 of the electricity and carbon identifier. The main chip is connected to the IO interface of the functional module of the Internet of Things chip on the network side through multiple IO interfaces, the functional module is connected to the module of the IOT system station through the IO interface, and each module of the IOT system station is connected to the intelligent factory (energy metering load switch) through the IO interface.

[0035] The Internet of Things system unit includes Figure 3 , 4Function modules, IOT system stations, intelligent factories, as well as main processors, network management (including gateways, network connection middleware, etc.), I / O input / output modules, connectors, and Internet of Things chips. The function modules include photovoltaic (renewable energy) electricity-carbon metering, energy (dual-carbon) billing service units, data centralized publishing, enterprise energy online balance warning, smart grid electricity-carbon metering, energy bills, smart grid energy (electricity-carbon) supply balance warning, energy identity authentication, inverter (converter) and battery panel monitoring, cloud service units, enterprise production and energy consumption monitoring and management, fire safety and logistics management, as well as household, commercial, and building user energy consumption (electricity-carbon) metering and warning (not shown in the figure), and household, commercial, and building user energy (electricity-carbon) consumption monitoring (not shown in the figure). The function modules are set in the IOT system station.

[0036] The IOT system station also includes a memory unit, a power supply and clock, a system module, an analog module, a software package system management, identity authentication, communication peripherals, control peripherals, data protection, and temperature management.

[0037] The intelligent factory includes intelligent factories 1 to n (energy (electricity-carbon) metering load switches), including local factories and foreign factories.

[0038] Taking intelligent factory 1 (energy (electricity-carbon) metering load switch) as an example, it includes: energy (electricity-carbon) metering load integrated switches for the electricity meter production workshop, water meter production workshop, gas meter production workshop, Internet of Things product production workshop, public power energy (electricity-carbon) metering load integrated switch, fire safety electrical fire energy (electricity-carbon) metering load integrated switch, logistics warehousing AGV wireless management module, wind and photovoltaic battery production workshop energy (electricity-carbon) metering load integrated switch, inverter (converter) production workshop energy (electricity-carbon) metering load integrated switch, energy storage converter (system) production energy (electricity-carbon) metering load integrated switch, and energy (electricity-carbon) metering load integrated switches for the production of other energy storage products.

[0039] Taking the energy (electricity-carbon) metering load integrated switch in the electricity meter production workshop as an example: it includes a conveyor belt electric energy load switch, a printing electric energy load switch, a chip mounting electric energy load switch, a reflow soldering electric energy load switch, a wave soldering electric energy load switch, a three-proof paint electric energy load switch, a wave soldering electric energy load switch, a PCB detection electric energy load switch, a PCB processing equipment electric energy load switch, a finished product processing equipment electric energy load switch, a finished product detection equipment electric energy load switch, a finished product packaging equipment electric energy load switch, and an AGV warehousing wireless management electric energy load switch.

[0040] The above energy (electricity and carbon) metering load integrated switch connects the electricity-carbon identifier to the common terminal IO interface of the metering chip of the intelligent meter load switch in the prior art. In this way, the metering chip of the intelligent meter load switch has the functions of sensing and identifying, metering energy, energy, electric energy, the quantity, price and type of dual carbon emissions and carbon neutrality, differential warning and intelligent automatic switching of the load, and becomes an energy (electricity and carbon) metering load switch.

[0041] As Figure 8 shown, the energy (electricity and carbon) metering load integrated switch in the electricity meter production workshop is connected to the intelligent sensing and identifying instrument. The intelligent sensing and identifying instrument is connected to the electric energy and dual carbon concentrator through the RS-485 bus. The intelligent factory 1 (energy metering load switch) and the IOT system sub-station are respectively connected to the electric energy and dual carbon concentrator. The IOT system sub-station is connected to the IOT system station. The electric energy and dual carbon concentrator is connected to the touch screen (MT8000) through RS232. The touch screen is connected to the remote security communication module SY-RSCM through the LAN interface. The remote security communication module SY-RSCM is connected to the Internet through the WAN interface. The Internet is connected to the router through S-LINK. The router is connected to and manages the computer. The management computer is successively connected to the management office module, the management review module, and the enterprise storage management library.

[0042] Among them, the electric energy and dual carbon concentrator connects the electricity-carbon identifier to the common terminal IO interface of the metering chip of the electric energy concentrator in the prior art. In this way, the metering chip of the electric energy concentrator has the functions of sensing and identifying, metering energy, energy, electric energy, the quantity, price and type of dual carbon emissions and carbon neutrality, differential warning and intelligent automatic switching of the load, and becomes an electric energy and dual carbon concentrator.

[0043] The intelligent factory management system for predicting, making decisions (dispatching) on energy, energy, electricity and carbon, and driving its opening and closing functions ( Figure 2 ) is interconnected with the IOT system station by the smart grid, the Internet of Things, and the big data bidirectional transmission unit (not shown in the figure).

[0044] The structure of the renewable energy (wind-solar-storage system) accessing the electric energy and dual carbon supply system based on the smart grid Internet of Things perception digital power intelligent sensing and identification is as Figure 4 shown. It includes an electricity-carbon metering table and an Internet of Things system unit. The Internet of Things system unit is interconnected with the Ethernet (the Ethernet is connected to the network server through the network management protocol) and the IOT radio. The IOT radio is connected to wifi-MQTT. The electricity-carbon analysis and prediction publishing module, the energy prediction and dispatching publishing module, and the energy analysis integrated circuit are connected to the Internet of Things system unit. The electricity-carbon analysis and prediction publishing module, the energy prediction and dispatching publishing module, and the energy analysis integrated circuit are all published through the asynchronous transceiver. The electricity-carbon metering table is connected through multiple SPI or UART interfaces, SPI or I 2C interface connects to the Internet of Things system unit; the electrical carbon meter collects current information through three-phase current sensors CT and voltage information through a three-phase level-shifting voltage-dividing sensing circuit. The current sensors CT and the level-shifting voltage-dividing sensing circuit are respectively connected to the three-phase four-wire power grid unit; one end of the three-phase current sensors CT close to the three-phase four-wire power grid forms a star connection and is connected to the loading unit; one end of the three-phase level-shifting voltage-dividing sensing circuit close to the three-phase four-wire power grid forms a star connection and is connected to the power supply (intelligent power grid end); thermal power (not shown in the figure), renewable energy (wind-solar-storage system), electrical carbon identifier, circuit breaker, and transformer are connected to the intelligent power grid in the intelligent power grid power line.

[0045] The electrical carbon meter uses a 16-bit processor, and then through the three-phase current sensors CT (I A , I B , I C ) is connected to the corresponding 24-bit delta-sigma analog / digital (A / D) modulator (for monitoring current digital signals); the three-phase level-shifting voltage-dividing sensing circuit provides surge protection, and through varistors and diodes (not shown in the figure), the voltage of each phase is reduced to an appropriate level (V Ref ) and shifted through attenuation so that it can be correctly measured. The level-shifting voltage-dividing sensing circuit (V A , V B , V C ) is connected to the ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel. The ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel is set with a 25MHz CPU and a 32-bit hardware multiplier, and then connected to the Δ trigger generator through a sampling trigger, which can quickly and accurately provide the frequency, power factor, phase and voltage value, RMS value, active, reactive and apparent power of each phase.

[0046] The electrical carbon meter output is provided with a com interface, and an external display module for electricity quantity, electricity fee, carbon emission, carbon neutralization amount, and dual-carbon price; the electrical carbon meter has an external crystal oscillator. As shown in Figure 4 , the electrical carbon meter includes a DSP on the right and a main chip on the left. The main chip is the electricity meter measurement module (including three Δ modulators, a Δ trigger generator, an ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel, three-phase CTs, and three-phase level shifters); the DSP and the electricity meter measurement module are connected through a common point, and the multiplexing chip ( Figure 3 ) is also connected to the DSP through the common point. The DSP, the electricity meter measurement module, and the multiplexing chip are all provided with sampling trigger signals by the Δ trigger generator (triangle trigger generator). The electrical carbon identity recognition in the DSP is performed by the electrical carbon identifier, and the electrical carbon identifier is connected to the DSP through a serial port.

[0047] Among them, Figure 3 the energy measurement load integrated switch in, Figure 3 the electrical energy load switch in, Figure 8Electric energy dual carbon concentrator, Figure 8 Intelligent sensor recognition instrument, Figure 1 Renewable energy carbon metering controller, Figure 1 The user electricity carbon metering switch is integrated with the existing electricity metering chip and the electricity carbon identifier based on these existing switches.

[0048] The DSP or multiplexer chip has the following functional modules:

[0049] The electric carbon identity identifier (used for the type of power source connected to the source side and the network measurement, thermal power, photovoltaic, wind power, biomass energy, etc., as well as the identification of the electric carbon identity and load type of the consumer power source on the load side) is used to identify the identity of the power source and determine whether it is carbon emissions from fossil energy such as thermal power (its emissions are determined according to the carbon equivalent ratio), or clean energy such as wind power and photovoltaic (carbon neutrality practitioners), determine carbon emissions and carbon neutrality (obtained according to the recognized carbon equivalent ratio x input electric energy) electric carbon statistics (online statistics of carbon content), and then synthesize the electric carbon frequency wave signal based on the electric carbon identifier, and then input it into the electric carbon statistics module in the DSP (including the calculation of electric energy, carbon emissions, and carbon neutrality), active power detection module, apparent power detection module, overload detection module, zero crossing detection module, power factor detection module, line frequency and phase angle detection module, peak detection module, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0050] The electric carbon identity identifier includes a three-phase (A phase, B phase, C phase) frequency wave acquisition unit with the same structure, frequency wave measurement (electric carbon signal peak value, electric carbon signal quantity, electric carbon signal frequency, current amplitude, current slope and electric carbon identification), frequency wave measurement transmission, and wireless pairing control unit. The frequency wave acquisition unit is connected to the frequency wave measurement via UART. The frequency wave measurement transmission is to output the electric carbon signal peak value, electric carbon signal quantity, and electric carbon signal frequency measured by the frequency wave measurement to the energy metering load switch ( Figure 3 )、Intelligent sensor recognition instrument( Figure 8 ), energy metering load switches, intelligent sensor identification instruments, energy metering load integrated switches, and electric energy dual carbon concentrators can all be automatically paired through IOT antenna wireless transmission. Through pairing, the electric carbon, carbon tracking, load type identity and electric carbon quantity of the source side, grid side, load side and energy storage side are automatically transmitted online to smart factories, IoT system stations, cloud servers, industrial IoT pipes, renewable energy metering controllers, local power smart grids, national smart grids, international smart energy networks, international energy networks, SY-RSCM\Internet, and management and audit enterprise storage management libraries.

[0051] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown in the figure, there is a three-phase (phase A, phase B, phase C) frequency wave acquisition unit. Taking phase A as an example, it includes a capacitor C1 connected to the phase A live wire. The output end of the capacitor C1 is divided into two paths. One path is connected to an inductor L1 and a bidirectional transistor sw2, and the other path is connected to a resistor R1 and a bidirectional transistor sw1. The inductor L1 and the bidirectional transistor sw2 are connected to the resistor R1 and the output of the bidirectional transistor sw1, and then connected to the neutral line N. The signal control line of the bidirectional transistor sw2 is connected to the yx interface of the signal acquisition module. The signal control line of the bidirectional transistor sw1 is connected to the yk interface of the signal acquisition module. The signal acquisition module is connected to the quadrature signal generator of the frequency wave measurement through UART.

[0052] The frequency wave measurement includes corresponding output of single-phase AC transient voltage V in and single-phase AC transient current I in input to the quadrature signal generator, which respectively generates two mutually perpendicular components Vα, V β and Iα, I β . Vα, V β and Iα, I β are respectively subjected to quadrature encoding. The quadrature-encoded Vα, V β and Iα, I β are input to the reference filter H R (f), and then output two paths. One path is input to the π / 2 calculation and then synthesized with the other path to generate analog current and voltage. The analog current and voltage are encoded n(t) and input to the integrator PGA for gain compensation. Then it is input to the analog-to-digital converter ADC to generate digital current and digital voltage. The digital current and digital voltage are processed by the ADC analog quantity bit number and quantization error. After the digital signal is phase-corrected, it is input to the 0, 1 register. After passing through the high-pass filter HPF, oversampling, and low-pass filter LPF, it is input to the offset compensation register. After square root and REM detection, the root-mean-square current and voltage are generated. After frequency-to-digital conversion, the signal is input to the power filter chip DFC. In the power filter chip DFC, the current and voltage after frequency-to-digital conversion are fitted and output, outputting the electrical carbon frequency, amplitude phase waveform, and within one signal, coupling to a transmission line and frequency wave in the order of electrical quantity signal, carbon quantity signal, electrical quantity signal, carbon quantity signal, to obtain the electrical carbon coupling quantity and frequency signal; greatly reducing the power loss in the transmission line, and reducing the data density of the existing power carrier, Ethernet, serial communication, UART serial port, IOT wireless transmission by more than half, greatly solving the problem of online data congestion.

[0053] The AD of the signal acquisition module is connected to the common terminal IO of the DSP or the multiplexing chip. The current collected by the meter measurement module of the electro-carbon meter is input into the current Δ modulator. The analog-to-digital conversion channel ADV10 of the input circuit for each voltage phase is monitored. Through the trigger generator, the electrical energy parameters are delivered to the frequency-wave measurement. The coupled electro-carbon quantity signal is input into the DSP or the multiplexing chip, and is output from the DSP or the multiplexing chip to the SPI or UART interface, and also the SPI or I 2 C interface. It is connected and delivered to the main processor, network management, I / O input and output, connector, Internet of Things chip, functional module, IOT system station, intelligent factory (energy measurement load switch) through SPI or UART.

[0054] The feedback of electro-carbon analysis prediction release, energy prediction scheduling release, energy analysis release, electro-carbon consumption, electro-carbon quantity, price, cost, etc. to users and the online dual-carbon trading scheduling system, etc. can be released to thermal power, photovoltaic, wind power, and biomass energy on the source side through Ethernet, Ethernet server, IOT radio, wifi, energy analysis integrated circuit, IOT antenna, asynchronous transceiver, optical fiber, power carrier, infrared transmission, Bluetooth, etc., and delivered to the energy storage on the grid side, and distributed and supplied to the load on the load side. As Figure 9 shown.

[0055] Internet of Things chip selection and setting: The CPU capacity is 120MHz, the ARM selects the Cortex-M architecture, and the parameters on the main processor are obtained on the machine's own web page and remotely read through the MODBUS protocol. It supports Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT), Representational State Transfer (RESTful API) for Constrained Applications, Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), Remote Terminal Unit (RTU). Among them, the SNMP protocol support allows compatibility with NAGIOS, ZABBIX, DATAMINER, SPECTRUM and many other commercial software, monitors the Management Information Base of the device, maps all the information reported by the device through the NMP protocol, and can be downloaded on its web page. It has digital output, digital input or analog input I / O ports, and the I / O port of the 12-bit A / D converter is 3.3. The VDC voltage is protected by a TVS diode. The electrical and dual-carbon parameters are monitored in real time through the I / O. The I / O is supported by the machine web page of the device and the protocol software and hardware supported by the device. The MODBUS RTU protocol is supported through the RS-485 serial port; an access table is created through the address and I / O, and the information is updated at an interval of 1 second; the memory records 120 days of historical data.

[0056] Furthermore, traps in SNMP are communications where the managed devices proactively report their abnormal information to the device acting as the manager. This is done by sending traps to a predefined IP address. In this way, the selected values to be monitored are continuously monitored without the need to detect abnormalities in the power grid at the predefined IP address. So there is no need to detect the power grid for constant values either. In addition to the RS-485 and Ethernet TCP / IP protocols, the MCU CC2650 is used to connect devices (energy metering load switches, intelligent sensing identification meters, integrated energy metering load switches, power carbon concentration collectors) to the wireless IoT network. This low-power, 2.4-GHz frequency range microcontroller (MCU CC2650) supports wireless MCUs for remote control applications with protocols such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, and 6LowPan or ZigBee RF4CE. The device has a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 CPU capable of supporting protocols such as asMQTT and CoAP commonly used in the IoT, as well as an ARM Cortex-M0 secondary processor for deploying Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and IEEE 802.15.4.3.

[0057] The electricity meter measurement module in the power carbon meter receives three voltage samples, one neutral point sample, and three current samples, each corresponding to a phase of the low-voltage network. To collect data from the intelligent meter, it is necessary to establish a connection between the universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) intelligent meter and the selected wireless communication transmission. In this example, the radionode MCU is selected, which is a Wi-Fi wireless transceiver focused on IoT application development. It is suitable for supporting IEEE 802.15.4, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and uses the WIFI chip ESP8266 with functions such as GPIO, PWM, I2C, 1-Wire, and ADC.

[0058] As Figure 5 shown in the power carbon identification diagram in the frequency wave measurement of the power carbon identifier. According to the current slope K value at the junction of the current amplitude and the dead zone, different current sources are identified (the type of power supply on the source side, or the type of current on the network side or load). In the prior art, the electric energy is a continuous sine wave during transmission, and the dead zone is inevitable and the smaller the better. In this paper, the continuous waveform is segmented into an intermittent waveform, and the original dead zone is used to segment the continuous waveform into an intermittent waveform, reducing the power consumption by half during the power transmission and metering process. After segmenting into an intermittent waveform, the carbon quantity and the electricity quantity are coupled on the same transmission line, reducing the transmission volume during the transmission process and solving the data congestion problem.

[0059] Current slope K value = current amplitude / dead zone frequency tolerance:

[0060] Wherein: the current amplitude is obtained by multiplying the measured currents of the three-phase current sensors CT (I A 、I B 、I C ) in the electro-carbon meter by the coefficient of the frequency-wave acquisition unit. The coefficient of the frequency-wave acquisition unit is selected according to the voltage drop coefficient given at the factory, and the reference value is not greater than 0.5 times the measured current values of the three-phase current sensors CT (I A 、I B 、I C ) in the electro-carbon meter; the dead-band frequency tolerance is determined; the dead-band frequency tolerance for thermal power generation frequency modulation is 50HZ±0.033HZ; the dead-band frequency tolerance for wind power generation frequency modulation is 50HZ±0.2HZ; the dead-band frequency tolerance for photovoltaic power generation frequency modulation is 50HZ, where -0.5HZ is negative and 0.2HZ is positive. Figure 5 The time interval of the current dead zone and waveform shown is 60nm, and the dead-band frequency tolerance is converted to nanoseconds (nm) for calculation.

[0061] Using the multiplexed chip program, the measured currents of the three-phase current sensors CT (I A 、I B 、I C ) in the electro-carbon meter and the values obtained by multiplying the currents in the three-phase (phase A, phase B, phase C) frequency-wave acquisition units by the coefficient of the frequency-wave acquisition unit are respectively substituted into the current slope K value formula to calculate two sets of actual current slope K values.

[0062] For example:

[0063] Amplitude: The amplitude of photovoltaic power generation > the amplitude of wind power generation > the amplitude of thermal power generation, and there is an overlap between the amplitudes of photovoltaic power generation and wind power.

[0064] Judgment method:

[0065] (1) Compare the dead-band frequency tolerance for frequency modulation. If it is 50HZ±0.033HZ, it must be thermal power.

[0066] (2) If the amplitude is greater than the upper limit of wind power generation and less than or equal to the upper limit of photovoltaic power generation, it belongs to photovoltaic power generation.

[0067] (3) If the amplitude is less than or equal to the upper limit of wind power generation and greater than the upper limit of thermal power generation, it may be wind power generation or photovoltaic power generation; divide the measured current amplitude by the dead-band frequency tolerance to obtain the upper slope K value and the lower slope K value, and compare the upper slope K value and the lower slope K value. If the upper slope and the lower slope are equal, it is wind power generation. If the upper and lower slopes are inconsistent, it is photovoltaic power generation.

[0068] After the electrical carbon identifier identifies the types of currents on the source side, grid side, and load side. For example, after photovoltaic power generation, the active power provided by the electrical carbon meter is converted according to the standard of 33-50 grams / degree of photovoltaic carbon dioxide emissions to calculate the photovoltaic carbon dioxide emissions; then, subtracting the photovoltaic carbon dioxide emissions from 844 grams / degree of thermal power = carbon neutralization amount (grams / degree); obtaining the photovoltaic carbon dioxide neutralization amount; the carbon neutralization amount price = carbon neutralization amount (grams / degree) × carbon emission trading price; the carbon trading can earn an additional 2.3 cents per degree of electricity; calculate the price of photovoltaic carbon dioxide carbon trading.

[0069] Calculation standard for wind power generation: wind power carbon dioxide emissions are 11.28 grams / degree; wind power carbon trading can earn an additional 2.3 cents per degree of electricity; subtracting the carbon emission amount from 844 grams / degree of thermal power = carbon neutralization amount (grams / degree); the carbon neutralization amount price = carbon neutralization amount (grams / degree) × carbon emission trading price.

[0070] In its simulation example, Table 1 shows the carbon dioxide emissions, carbon dioxide neutralization amounts, prices of carbon dioxide carbon trading, carbon dioxide emissions from thermal power generation of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, as well as the corresponding active electrical energy, reactive electrical energy, including two-way (forward and reverse) active and reactive powers (not shown in the table). In this way, the electrical carbon meter can release the online bills of real-time, online, and instant electrical energy, carbon emissions, carbon neutralization, quantity and price, and conduct wired and wireless transmission and distribution, providing a basis for energy, energy, electrical carbon scheduling, prediction, and trading.

[0071] Table 1 Online bills of real-time, online electrical energy, carbon emissions, carbon neutralization, quantity and price of the electrical carbon meter

[0072]

[0073] The electrical energy power is the product of the detected sampling voltage and current. The electrical energy is two-way according to the electrical energy rights as the number of pulses in two different directions of buying and selling; the carbon dioxide emissions of photovoltaic power generation are 33-50 grams / degree. Photovoltaic power plants can earn an additional 2.3 cents per degree of electricity through carbon trading. To obtain the benefits of photovoltaic electrical energy with carbon equivalent, it provides a basis for the trading of photovoltaic electrical energy and carbon equivalent for energy interconnection, and to ensure the implementation of this system.

[0074] Such as Figure 6As shown in (a) of , the current CT power-taking detection circuit of the electro-carbon meter includes: the positive pole I+ line input terminal is connected to the resistor R1, and the output terminal line of the resistor R1 is branched into two paths. One path is connected to the 1N4007 silicon material rectifier diode D1, and the other path is connected to the rectifier diode D2 and the power supply voltage +VCC of the circuit; the negative pole I- line input terminal is connected to the resistor R5, and the output terminal line of the resistor R5 is branched into two paths. One path is connected to the 1N4007 silicon material rectifier diode D3, and the rectifier diode D3 is connected to the power supply voltage +VCC of the circuit; the other path is connected to the 1N4007 silicon material rectifier diode D4, and the rectifier diode D4 is connected to the ground. A clamping circuit transient voltage suppression diode TVS2 (PK5.0AC) is connected between the output terminal line of the positive pole I+ resistor R1 and the output terminal line of the negative pole I- resistor R5. The positive pole I+ line continues to connect the resistor R2, and the negative pole I- line continues to connect the resistor R6. Then, a resistor R4 is connected between the positive pole I+ line and the negative pole I- line. The positive pole I+ line continues to connect the resistor R3, and the negative pole I- line continues to connect the resistor R7. A capacitor C3 (15P) is connected between the positive pole I+ line and the negative pole I- line. The positive pole I+ line continues to connect the capacitor C1 (47P), and the capacitor C1 (47P) is connected to the ground; the negative pole I- line continues to connect the capacitor C2 (47P) of the resistor R7, and the capacitor C2 (47P) is connected to the ground; the positive pole I+ line output port is +IN, and the negative pole I- line output port is -IN.

[0075] As Figure 6As shown in (b), another embodiment includes: The input line of the positive electrode I+ line is branched into two paths: One path is connected to the D3 high-speed switching diode PML L4148. The D3 high-speed switching diode PML L4148 is in series with the D28 high-speed switching diode PMLL4148, and the D28 high-speed switching diode PML L4148 is connected to the supply voltage +VCC of the circuit; The other path is connected to the D11 high-speed switching diode PML L4148. The D11 high-speed switching diode PML L4148 is in series with the D29 high-speed switching diode PMLL4148; The D29 high-speed switching diode PML L4148 is connected to the supply ground wire GND of the circuit. The input line of the negative electrode I- line is branched into two paths: One path is connected to the D4 high-speed switching diode PML L4148. The D4 high-speed switching diode PML L4148 is in series with the D30 high-speed switching diode PML L4148, and the D30 high-speed switching diode PML L4148 is connected to the supply voltage +VCC of the circuit; The other path is connected to the D12 high-speed switching diode PML L4148. The D12 high-speed switching diode PML L4148 is in series with the D31 high-speed switching diode PML L4148, and the D31 high-speed switching diode PML L4148 is connected to the supply ground wire GND of the circuit; A clamping circuit transient voltage suppression diode TVS2 (SAM5.0AC) is connected between the output line of the positive electrode I+ line and the output line of the negative electrode I- line; Then, the output line of the positive electrode I+ line is connected to the RL9 series circuit; The output line of the negative electrode I- line is connected to the RL10 series circuit; A 12.4-ohm R24 resistor is connected between the output line of the positive electrode I+ line and the output line of the negative electrode I- line; The differential voltage across the 12.4Ω resistor allows a load and an internal current of up to 50 mA. Then the output of the positive electrode I+ line is connected to R26, and the output of the negative electrode I- line is connected to R27; Then, a 47P C19 capacitor is connected to the output line of the positive electrode I+ line, and the C19 capacitor is grounded to GND; A 47P C20 capacitor is connected to the output line of the negative electrode I- line, and the C20 capacitor is grounded to GND; Then a 15n C23 capacitor is connected between the output line of the positive electrode I+ line and the output line of the negative electrode I- line; The output port of the positive electrode I+ line is 1+IN, and the output port of the negative electrode I- line is 1-IN.

[0076] As Figure 7As shown in (a) of , the input circuit for monitoring each voltage phase includes: a live wire L and a neutral wire N. A fuse FU is connected to the input ends of the live wire L and the neutral wire N. A varistor is provided between the live wire L and the neutral wire N. Then, in the live wire L circuit, an inductor L1, a series resistor R1, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are sequentially arranged from left to right. Then, the live wire L circuit branches into two paths: one path has a resistor R8 and is grounded to GND, and the other path has a resistor R9 and is connected to the supply voltage +VCC of the access circuit. Then, the live wire L circuit branches into two more paths: one path has a diode and is grounded to GND, and the other path has a diode and is connected to the supply voltage +VCC of the access circuit. Then, after a resistor R7 is provided in the live wire L circuit, the live wire L circuit branches into two outputs: one path inputs a voltage VIN, and the other path is grounded to GND through C1. The output line of the varistor on the neutral wire N is provided with an inductor L2, and the output of the inductor L2 is grounded to GND.

[0077] As shown in Figure 7 (b) of , another embodiment includes a varistor S20K275 provided between the live wire L and the neutral wire N. In the live wire L circuit, an inductor EXCML25A of L1, a resistor R4 with a series resistance value of 1M, resistors R14, R15, R32, R99, and resistors R100 and R101 are sequentially arranged from left to right. Then, the live wire L circuit branches into two paths, path a and path b: Among them, path a branches into three paths to the right: one path upward inputs a D44 diode 1N4148D035-7, and the output of the D44 diode is connected to the supply voltage +VCC of the circuit; one path downward inputs a D45 diode 1N4148D035-7, and the output of the D45 diode is connected to the ground GND; one path to the right is connected to a 1k resistor R116, and the output line of the resistor R116 outputs a voltage port V1+IN. In path b of the live wire L circuit, it branches into two paths downward: one path downward is connected to a 10K resistor R119, and the output of the resistor R119 is grounded to GND; one path to the left is connected to a 20K resistor R118, and the output of the resistor R118 branches into two paths: one path downward is connected to a 100nF capacitor C1, and the output of the capacitor C1 is grounded to GND; the other path branches into two paths: one path downward is connected to a 10nF capacitor C8, and the output of the capacitor C8 is grounded to GND; one path to the left is connected to a resistor R117 with a resistance value of 10 ohms, and the output of the resistor R117 is connected to the supply voltage +VCC of the circuit.

[0078] As shown in Figure 9 As shown in , for the wireless transmission online power double-carbon trading scheduling system, taking the wind and solar power station level test and control unit as an example, the point-to-point architecture can achieve query, response, possible electricity-carbon query, and future response functions. It consists of a 5-layer architecture control unit; the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fifth layer control units are interconnected, the fifth layer control unit is interconnected with the fourth layer database, and the data of the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are transmitted to the fourth layer database through wireless, wired, or power line communication of the electricity-carbon data.

[0079] The first layer includes sensors in the intelligent workshops of the intelligent factory, such as: electric energy dual-carbon concentrators, energy metering load switches, intelligent sensing and identification meters, electric carbon meters, integrated switches for workshop energy metering loads, and integrated electrical controller components (integrated switches for workshop energy metering loads in each workshop). All of them report electric carbon data level by level through the IOT antennas in the IOT system sub-stations. Each workshop includes electric carbon load switches for each electrical equipment to report the on-line real-time electric carbon quantity; the intelligent workshops in the intelligent factory include, but are not limited to, electric meters, water meters, gas meters, Internet of Things product workshops, public power workshops, fire electrical safety, logistics warehouses, photovoltaic cell workshops, inverter production workshops, energy for energy storage converters production, and energy metering load integrated switches at the photovoltaic product production workshop level (the same product as the intelligent sensing and identification meter); different workshop-level energy metering load integrated switches deliver electric energy dual-carbon concentrators through the RS-485 bus;

[0080] Multiple intelligent electric energy switch integrated controllers in each intelligent workshop are interconnected for electric carbon transmission and transmit electric carbon data to the fifth-level control unit, and the fifth-level control unit delivers the data to form the fourth-level database.

[0081] The second layer is multiple base stations (IOT system sub-stations, IOT system stations), including sub-layer 2.1, sub-layer 2.2, and sub-layer 2.3; sub-layer 2.1 is interconnected with sub-layer 2.2, and sub-layer 2.2 is interconnected with sub-layer 2.3.

[0082] The said sub-layer 2.1 consists of a storage unit + a processing unit + a sensing unit to form a short-distance transmission layer. The short-distance communication between each other is powered by a battery; multiple short-distance transmission layers are interconnected. Specifically, each short-distance transmission layer consists of a storage unit composed of 64KB RAM + 512KB FLASH, an ARM processing unit, and a sensing unit; each short-distance transmission layer can deliver information and data to sub-layer 2.2; the short-distance transmission layer delivers information and data and communicates with the fourth-level database through wired, wireless, or power line.

[0083] The said sub-layer 2.2 consists of a storage unit + a processing unit + a sensing unit to form a long-distance transmission layer; multiple long-distance transmission layers are interconnected. Specifically, each long-distance transmission layer consists of a storage unit composed of 64KB SDRAM + 32MMB FLASH, a 400HZ processing unit, and a sensing unit; each long-distance transmission layer can deliver information and data to sub-layer 2.3. The long-distance transmission layer delivers information and data and communicates with the fourth-level database through wired, wireless, or power line.

[0084] The said sub-layer 2.3 is interconnected by the end base station (e.g. pc) and the base station (e.g. pc).

[0085] The third layer is the renewable energy monitoring and control unit. It includes the interconnection between multiple substations; the test and control unit (e.g., Labview) of each substation includes sub-layer 3.1, sub-layer 3.2, and sub-layer 3.3; sub-layer 3.1 provides information and data for sub-layer 3.2, and sub-layer 3.1 is interconnected with sub-layer 3.3 to provide information and data; sub-layer 3.2 provides information and data for sub-layer 3.3; sub-layer 3.2 is interconnected with sub-layer 3.3; the renewable energy monitoring and control unit transmits information and data and communicates with the fourth-layer database through wired, wireless, or power line.

[0086] Furthermore, the sub-layer 3.1 consists of a storage unit + a processing unit + a microprocessing unit to form a short-distance transmission layer of the substation; each transmission layer is composed of a storage unit consisting of 500MB FLASH, an ARM microprocessor unit, and a microprocessor unit. The short-distance transmission layer of the substation transmits information and data and communicates with the fourth-layer database through wired, wireless, or power line. The sub-layer 3.2 is a data storage layer. The sub-layer 3.3 is a test and control unit (e.g., Labview).

[0087] The fourth layer is a database (e.g., postgre.SQL), and the database is signal-connected to the fifth-layer control unit for data intercommunication.

[0088] The fifth layer is the control unit, which schedules, allocates, monitors, and controls the information and data of layers 1-4.

[0089] The working process of the present invention:

[0090] In the smart grid, renewable energy (wind-solar-storage system), an electro-carbon identifier, an electro-carbon meter, an Internet of Things system unit, and an IOT system station are successively and friendly connected to the source side. The electro-carbon meter measures the power generation and carbon emissions of the renewable energy (wind-solar-storage system), and the electro-carbon identifier automatically identifies which power source provides the power generation and carbon emissions in the renewable energy (wind-solar-storage system) by comparing the current slope K value. By comparing the current slope K value of the electro-carbon identifier, the electro-carbon meter inputs the provided identifiable identity to the Internet of Things system unit, and the identifiable electric energy and carbon neutrality are distributed on the network side and the load side; for example, after the energy identity authentication of the IOT system station, the identified renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation is transmitted by the IOT system station to the IOT system sub-station, and then transported to the IOT system sub-stations of local factories and foreign factories. After being distributed by the electric energy dual-carbon concentrator to the energy measurement load switches and the intelligent sensing and identification meters of each workshop, the intelligent sensing and identification meters are further distributed to the electric energy load switches of each piece of equipment on each production line in the corresponding workshop through the energy measurement load integration switches corresponding to the workshops (electric meters, water meters, gas meters, Internet of Things meters, inverters, photovoltaic panels, energy storage converters, logistics warehousing, fire communication, public power), as Figure 8As shown; complete the electro-carbon energy and energy from the source side (photovoltaic power generation), through the IoT system station and IoT system sub-station (grid side), deliver the identifiable electro-carbon and dual-carbon electricity to multiple intelligent factories. Each intelligent factory has multiple production workshops, and on each production line in each workshop, there are electro-carbon meters, electro-carbon identifiers, energy metering load switches, electro-carbon and dual-carbon concentrators, intelligent sensing and identification instruments, and electric energy load switches to drive the start and stop of production, measure and distribute electric energy, and calculate the amount of carbon emissions and carbon neutralization as well as the consumption bill; complete the online and real-time drive, distribution of electric energy, carbon emissions, and carbon neutralization in the whole process.

[0091] The electro-carbon meter, electro-carbon identifier, energy metering load switch, electro-carbon and dual-carbon concentrator, intelligent sensing and identification instrument, and electric energy load switch all achieve short-distance and long-distance communication transmission through the Ethernet, Ethernet network management protocol, server, IoT antenna, radio WIFI-MQTT, asynchronous transceiver, wireless, wired, and power line configured by the IoT system station and IoT system sub-station; for the historical and real-time online electro-carbon data, power quality, and dual-carbon emission and carbon neutralization consumption bill information of the corresponding base stations, use point-to-point control to establish local and remote databases.

[0092] Specifically, the device is connected to the wireless IoT network through RS-485 and Ethernet TCP / IP protocols, the serial port supports the MODBUS RTU protocol, and the MCU CC2650 uses asMQTT and CoAP, as well as an ARM Cortex-M0 secondary processor for deploying Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and IEEE 802.15.4.3. It supports Bluetooth, ZigBee, and 6LowPan or ZigBee RF4CE protocols. The electrical carbon metering measurement and I / O can be accessed through the address table created for the device. In addition to real-time reading of the smart electrical carbon meter, electrical carbon identifier power quality, data, and consumption, the information is updated at 1-second intervals. By sending TROP to a predefined IP address; sending this shared data to the radio node MCU through UART; publishing data through MQTT; a complete management and monitoring system, including hardware parameters capable of real-time monitoring and analyzing the power grid quality (such as voltage, current, dual-carbon amount, power consumption and dual-carbon distribution emissions, electrical carbon trading, utility bills, etc.). Remote load control (through the IoT system and IoT subsystem, for I / O in smart factories and smart building equipment, it can trigger other workshop equipment, building lighting, and air conditioning systems), remote diagnosis of power failures, remote on / off operations for the entire electrical carbon equipment link can avoid waste of energy resources. It allows consumers to easily, accurately, efficiently, and reliably monitor their energy consumption and meet the growing information needs. Adding remote load control to the management platform enables it to monitor the network of installed devices, generate management reports for all monitoring parameters, and remotely report alarm situations. Partitioned energy monitoring, with connectivity suitable for powering different management platforms (supporting multiple open protocols and different media, including wireless networks), sending the collected shared data through wireless communication using IoT protocols. The shared data is collected by IoT middleware, continuously accessing devices through the Internet, real-time control of the smart grid, and friendly configuration. Transmitting the shared data of electrical energy, carbon emissions, carbon neutralization measurement, and identification parameters of the electrical carbon meter and electrical carbon identifier provided by the IoT to a remote location and providing users with energy usage information. The Internet provides continuous access to these devices, real-time control of the smart grid, and configuring the smart electrical carbon meter to work online. All data is received in real-time. Through mobile phones and PCs, web access is established to the Internet. The PC stores medium- and long-term electrical carbon data and transmits measurement parameters and data to a remote location. Countless sensors are deployed on the IoT grid, forming an inbound big data management system, recalculating billing metrics; controlling the smart grid according to user needs in a way that can modify energy demand and ensure the required energy quality level; controlling the grid according to user needs in a way that can modify energy demand and ensure the required energy quality level; sharing consumption information and being able to share energy quality information, billing instruments.The encrypted billing electro-carbon currency and data measurement of users are not only used to charge users for consumption, but also to configure the power grid according to energy usage and predefined quality requirements; through remote control, monitoring, and management of the energy control system. After authorization and verification, users can update their energy-saving strategies online and interact remotely with the policy server, which allows for dynamic changes to the policies.

[0093] In the intelligent power grid + Internet of Things + Internet, for powerful digital power sensing and identification of electric energy, dual carbon, power quality parameters, database control and management, and two-way transmission and distribution of big data, to achieve the measurement and monitoring of photovoltaic, wind power, renewable energy, thermal fossil energy power, electric energy, energy, and electro-carbon. For the measurement, distribution, scheduling, prediction, and decision-making of electric energy and dual carbon in intelligent power grids, intelligent factories, and intelligent buildings. To achieve centralized publishing and cloud services for energy electro-carbon identity authentication, billing, measurement, bills, and parameter data. For early warnings of the supply gap of energy electro-carbon in intelligent power grids, online early warnings of the energy dual carbon gap of enterprises, monitoring and management of the energy bills of enterprises, merchants, household production, and life, as well as energy consumption dual carbon management of fire safety and logistics. To achieve energy analysis, intelligent power grid energy scheduling and early warning, online energy safety detection, energy dual carbon measurement load-driven management, and intelligent management of intelligent factories online, intelligent manufacturing, and intelligent buildings.

[0094] Through the Internet of Things IOT antenna + intelligent power grid + Internet of Things + Internet, for the problem of indirect power supply of source-side power of photovoltaic, wind power, and renewable energy, using the intelligent power grid Internet of Things and intelligent factory energy electro-carbon load and the international energy electro-carbon Internet digital power transmission architecture of the present invention, to achieve 24-hour all-weather prediction, scheduling, and distribution of photovoltaic, wind power, and renewable energy from other places to local areas; to achieve the interconnection of international energy and the interconnection of global energy.

[0095] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0096] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Electric energy and dual-carbon supply system, Characterized in that, It includes: Source-side distribution system, function module of Internet of Things chip on the grid side, IOT system station of the Internet of Things, and intelligent factory on the load side accessing the IOT system station; Energy metering load switch controls the power supply of the intelligent factory; The source-side distribution system includes: a main chip and a multiplexing chip, and the main chip is connected to multiple multiplexing chips through a common terminal interface; The main chip includes ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channels, a triangular trigger generator, three triangular modulators. A level shifter voltage divider and a current regulator are connected to the main chip. Among them, the current regulator is connected to the triangular modulator, the level shifter voltage divider is connected to the ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel, and the triangular trigger generator is input into the ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel through sampling trigger; The main chip is connected to the function module through an IO interface; The multiplexing chip accesses the IO interface through sensors, and the IO interface accesses including the illumination intensity of photovoltaic modules, the temperature of photovoltaic modules, the temperature of the power supply, direct current, direct current voltage, three-phase alternating current voltage, three-phase alternating current, direct current switch, alternating current switch, contactor, photovoltaic module switch, drive of the inverter bridge, output signal SW1 of the electro-carbon identifier, output signal SW2 of the electro-carbon identifier; The function module is connected to the module of the IOT system station through an IO interface, and each module of the IOT system station is connected to the intelligent factory through an IO interface; The function module, the IOT system station, the intelligent factory, as well as the main processor, network management, I / O input and output module, connector, and Internet of Things chip constitute an Internet of Things system unit; among them, the function module is used for photovoltaic electro-carbon metering, energy billing service unit, data centralized publishing, enterprise energy online balance warning, smart grid electro-carbon metering, energy bill publishing, smart grid energy supply balance warning, energy identity authentication, inverter and battery panel monitoring, cloud service, enterprise production and energy consumption monitoring and management, fire safety and logistics management, household, commercial, and building user energy consumption metering and warning, household, commercial, and building user energy consumption monitoring; The intelligent factory includes a local factory and an out-of-town factory, and each intelligent factory has a corresponding integrated switch for energy metering and load in the production workshop, and there is a corresponding power load switch in the integrated switch for energy metering and load in the production workshop; The integrated switch for energy metering and load in the production workshop is connected to an intelligent sensing and identification instrument, and the intelligent sensing and identification instrument is connected to an electric energy and dual-carbon concentrator through an RS-485 bus. The energy metering load switch and the IOT system sub-station of the intelligent factory are respectively connected to the electric energy and dual-carbon concentrator, and the IOT system sub-station is connected to the IOT system station; The electric energy and dual-carbon concentrator is connected to a touch screen through RS232, the touch screen is connected to a remote security communication module SY-RSCM through a LAN interface, the remote security communication module SY-RSCM is connected to the Internet through a WAN interface, and the Internet is then connected to a management computer through a router; The IoT system unit is connected to the electro-carbon meter through an SPI or UART interface, an SPI or I 2 C interface. The IoT system unit is interconnected with Ethernet and IOT radio, and the IOT radio is connected to wifi-MQTT. The electro-carbon analysis and prediction publishing module, the energy prediction and scheduling publishing module, and the energy analysis integrated circuit are connected to the IoT system unit, and the electro-carbon analysis and prediction publishing module, the energy prediction and scheduling publishing module, and the energy analysis integrated circuit are all published through an asynchronous transceiver. The electro-carbon meter collects current information through a current regulator and voltage information through a level-shifting voltage divider. The current regulator and the level-shifting voltage divider are respectively connected to the three-phase four-wire power grid unit. The three-phase current regulators are closely connected to one end of the three-phase four-wire power grid to form a star connection and are connected to the loading unit. The three-phase level-shifting voltage dividers are closely connected to one end of the three-phase four-wire power grid to form a star connection and are connected to the smart grid end. Thermal power is connected to the smart grid power line, and a renewable energy wind-solar-storage system, an electro-carbon identifier, a circuit breaker, and a transformer are connected to the smart grid. The IOT radio, wired, and power line communication systems all include a control unit composed of a five-layer point-to-point architecture, which can implement query, response, possible electro-carbon query, and future response functions; the control units of the first, second, third, and fifth layers are interconnected, the control unit of the fifth layer is interconnected with the fourth-layer database, and the data of the first, second, and third layers are transmitted to the fourth-layer database through wireless, wired, or power line communication for electro-carbon data; The first layer includes: sensors located in the intelligent workshops of the intelligent factory. The electric energy dual-carbon concentrator, energy metering load switch, intelligent sensing and identification instrument, electro-carbon meter, workshop energy metering load integrated switch, and electrical controller integrated component all report electro-carbon data level by level through the IOT antenna in the IOT system sub-station; the electro-carbon load switch of each electrical equipment in each workshop reports the on-line real-time electro-carbon quantity; different workshop-level energy metering load integrated switches transmit the electric energy dual-carbon concentrator through the RS-485 bus; The second layer is the IOT system sub-station and IOT system station, including sub-layer 2.1, sub-layer 2.2, and sub-layer 2.3; sub-layer 2.1 is interconnected with sub-layer 2.2, and sub-layer 2.2 is interconnected with sub-layer 2.3; Among them, the 2.1 sub-layer consists of a storage unit + a processing unit + a sensing unit to form a short-distance transmission layer, and the short-distance communication between them is powered by a battery; multiple short-distance transmission layers are interconnected; each short-distance transmission layer can transmit information and data to the 2.2 sub-layer and communicate with the fourth-layer database through wired, wireless, or power line; The 2.2 sub-layer consists of a storage unit + a processing unit + a sensing unit to form a long-distance transmission layer; multiple long-distance transmission layers are interconnected; each long-distance transmission layer can transmit information and data to the 2.3 sub-layer and communicate with the fourth-layer database through wired, wireless, or power line; The 2.3 sub-layer includes interconnected base stations; The third layer is a renewable energy monitoring and control unit, including the interconnection between multiple substations. The test and control unit of each substation includes sub-layer 3.1 for short-distance transmission in the substation, sub-layer 3.2 for data storage layer, and sub-layer 3.3 for test and control unit; sub-layer 3.1 provides information and data for sub-layer 3.2, and sub-layer 3.1 is interconnected with sub-layer 3.3 to provide information and data; sub-layer 3.2 provides information and data for sub-layer 3.3; sub-layer 3.2 is interconnected with sub-layer 3.3; the renewable energy monitoring and control unit transmits information and data and communicates with the fourth-layer database through wired, wireless, or power line; The fourth layer is a database; the database is signal-connected to the control unit of the fifth layer; The fifth layer is a control unit that schedules, distributes, monitors, and controls the information and data of layers 1-4; The electro-carbon identifier is used to identify the sources of different currents, specifically as follows: current slope K value = current amplitude / dead zone frequency tolerance: Among them: The current amplitude is obtained by multiplying the measured current of the current regulator in the electro-carbon meter by the coefficient of the frequency-wave acquisition unit. The coefficient of the frequency-wave acquisition unit is selected according to the voltage drop coefficient given at the factory, and the reference value is not greater than 0.5 times the measured current value of the current regulator in the electro-carbon meter. The dead zone frequency tolerance is determined; the dead zone frequency tolerance for thermal power generation frequency modulation is 50HZ ± 0.033HZ; the dead zone frequency tolerance for wind power generation frequency modulation is 50HZ ± 0.2HZ; the dead zone frequency tolerance for photovoltaic power generation frequency modulation is 50HZ, where -0.5HZ and +0.2HZ. Calculate and convert the dead zone frequency tolerance to nanoseconds. Using the multiplexed chip program, substitute the measured current of the current regulator in the electro-carbon meter and the value obtained by multiplying the current in the frequency-wave acquisition unit by the coefficient of the frequency-wave acquisition unit into the current slope K value formula respectively, and calculate the two sets of actual current slope K values obtained; among them, the photovoltaic power generation amplitude > wind power generation amplitude > thermal power amplitude, and there is an overlap between the amplitudes of photovoltaic power generation and wind power. The judgment method is as follows: (1) Compare the dead zone frequency tolerance for frequency modulation. If it is 50HZ ± 0.033HZ, it is thermal power. (2) If the amplitude is greater than the upper limit of wind power generation and less than or equal to the upper limit of photovoltaic power generation, it belongs to photovoltaic power generation. (3) If the amplitude is less than or equal to the upper limit of wind power generation and greater than the upper limit of thermal power generation, it may be wind power generation or photovoltaic power generation; divide the measured current amplitude by the dead zone frequency tolerance to obtain the upper slope K value and the lower slope K value. Compare the upper slope K value and the lower slope K value. If the upper slope and the lower slope are equal, it is wind power generation. If the upper and lower slopes are inconsistent, it is photovoltaic power generation.

2. The electric energy and dual-carbon supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electro-carbon meter uses a 16-bit processor, and there is an external crystal oscillator on the electro-carbon meter. The electro-carbon meter includes a DSP and a main chip; the DSP and the main chip are connected through a common point, and the multiplexed chip is also connected to the DSP through the common point; The DSP, the main chip, and the multiplexed chip are all provided with sampling trigger signals by a triangular trigger generator. The electro-carbon identity recognition in the DSP is recognized by an electro-carbon identifier, and the electro-carbon identifier is connected to the DSP through a serial port.

3. The electric energy and dual-carbon supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electro-carbon meter is connected to the corresponding 24-bit triangular integral analog / digital modulator through a current regulator for monitoring the current digital signal; the three-phase level shifter voltage divider provides surge protection, and the voltage of each phase is reduced to an appropriate level and shifted through a varistor and a diode so that it can be correctly measured. The ADV10 analog-to-digital conversion channel is provided with a 25MHz CPU and a 32-bit hardware multiplier, and then connected to the triangular trigger generator through sampling trigger, which can quickly and accurately provide the frequency, power factor, phase and voltage value, RMS value, active power, reactive power and apparent power of each phase.

4. The electric energy and dual-carbon supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiplexing chip or DSP is provided with an electro-carbon identifier for identifying the power source identity, determining whether it is thermal power, wind power or photovoltaic power, determining the carbon emissions and the electro-carbon quantity statistics of carbon neutralization, and then synthesizing an electro-carbon frequency wave signal, which is input into the electro-carbon quantity statistics module, active power detection module, apparent power detection module, overload detection module, zero-crossing detection module, power factor detection module, line frequency and phase angle detection module, and peak detection module in the DSP.

5. The electric energy and dual-carbon supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the electro-carbon identifier includes: a frequency wave acquisition unit, a frequency wave measurement, a frequency wave measurement transmission, and a wireless pairing control unit with the same three-phase structure; the frequency wave acquisition unit is connected to the frequency wave measurement through UART, and the frequency wave measurement transmission is to output the peak quantity, quantity, and frequency of the electro-carbon signal of the frequency wave measurement to the energy measurement load switch and intelligent sensing identification instrument through Ethernet, serial communication, Bluetooth module, UARTO\IOT wirelessly. The energy measurement load switch, intelligent sensing identification instrument, energy measurement load integrated switch, and electric energy dual-carbon concentrator can all be automatically paired through wireless transmission of the IOT antenna.

6. The electric energy and dual-carbon supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that the frequency wave acquisition unit includes a capacitor C1 connected to the A-phase or other two-phase live wires. The output end of the capacitor C1 is divided into two paths. One path is connected to an inductor L1 and a bidirectional transistor sw2, and the other path is connected to a resistor R1 and a bidirectional transistor sw1. The inductor L1 and the bidirectional transistor sw2 are connected to the resistor R1 and the bidirectional transistor sw1 and then output to the neutral line N. The signal control line of the bidirectional transistor sw2 is connected to the yx interface of the signal acquisition module. The signal control line of the bidirectional transistor sw1 is connected to the yk interface of the signal acquisition module. The signal acquisition module is connected to the quadrature signal generator of the frequency wave measurement through UART. The AD of the signal acquisition module is connected to the common terminal IO of the DSP or multiplexing chip.

7. The electric energy and dual-carbon supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that The frequency wave measurement includes corresponding output of single-phase AC transient voltage V in and single-phase AC transient current I in Input quadrature signal generators that respectively generate two mutually perpendicular components Vα, V β and Iα, I β , Vα, V β and Iα, I β are respectively subjected to quadrature encoding. The quadrature-encoded Vα, V β and Iα, I β are input to the reference filter H R (f), and then two paths are output. One path is input to the π / 2 calculation and then synthesized with the other path to generate analog current and voltage. The analog current and voltage are encoded as n(t) and input to the integrator PGA for gain compensation; then input into the analog-to-digital conversion ADC to generate digital current and digital voltage. The digital current and digital voltage are processed through the number of bits and quantization error of the ADC analog quantity. After the digital signal is phase-corrected, it is input into the 0, 1 register, passed through a high-pass filter HPF, oversampled and low-pass filtered LPF, then input into the offset compensation register, and then after square root and REM detection, the root-mean-square current and voltage are generated. After digital-frequency conversion, the signal is input into the power filter chip DFC. In the power filter chip DFC, the current and voltage after digital-frequency conversion are fitted and output, outputting the electro-carbon frequency, amplitude-phase waveform, and within one signal, coupling to a transmission line and frequency wave in the order of electric quantity signal, carbon quantity signal, electric quantity signal, carbon quantity signal to obtain the electro-carbon coupling quantity and frequency signal.

8. The electric energy and dual-carbon supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy metering load integrated switch, electric energy load switch, electric energy dual-carbon concentrator, intelligent sensing and identification instrument, renewable energy electric carbon metering controller, and user electric carbon metering switch are integrated based on these switches, combined with an electric energy metering chip and then combined with an electric carbon identifier.

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