A wild grayling domestication method and domestication system

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and system for taming wild fennel. The taming system comprises a culture pond, a filtering system and a control system. The filtering system is connected to the pipeline of the culture pond to purify and recycle the water in the culture pond. The control system comprises a water level regulating system, a dissolved oxygen control system and a temperature control system. After repeated attempts, the best time, location, transportation method and culture system of wild fennel are selected, and the fennel is grouped and tamed according to the specifications and feeding ability of the fennel, thereby improving the feeding rate and survival rate of the fennel. The system and method of the invention can cultivate wild fennel with a survival rate of more than 90%, and are applicable to the field of aquaculture technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a wild grayling domestication method and a domestication system. Background Art

[0002] Grayling is a kind of cold-water fish with extremely high economic and nutritional value. It mostly lives in mountain streams and prefers clear, turbulent, low-temperature water bodies. It is mainly distributed in Europe, North America and northern Asia. Grayling tastes delicious, and its muscles are rich in essential amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids for the human body. It is a cultured variety with broad development prospects. In recent years, the amount of wild grayling resources has declined significantly. The Arctic grayling in China, the downstream Heilongjiang grayling, and the Yalu River grayling have all been listed as national second-class protected animals. Because grayling has extremely high requirements for water temperature, water quality and other conditions, the existing wild grayling capture technology, transportation technology, artificial breeding technology and artificial breeding technology are still imperfect, which greatly limits the promotion of grayling breeding. How to improve artificial domestication and breeding technology and increase the success rate and survival rate of domestication is the main technical problem at present.

[0003] Circulating water fish farming is a farming mode that semi-automatically or fully automatically manages water quality, water flow, water temperature and sewage treatment in the farming process under closed or semi-closed conditions. The main pollutants in this farming mode are leftover bait, excrement, secretions, pathogens and non-biological impurities, which are eventually decomposed into suspended particles, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and other harmful substances. The present invention is based on circulating water farming technology and is applied to aquarium systems, effectively achieving the purpose of sewage treatment and recycling, and effectively reducing costs, greatly improving the survival rate of grayling farming and domestication, and providing technical support for the development of grayling farming and domestication technology, with broad application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a wild grayling domestication method and a domestication system, which can effectively improve the survival rate of wild grayling converted into artificially cultured grayling.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention first provides a method for taming wild grayling, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Prepare the aquarium system: control water temperature and volume, and adjust dissolved oxygen and pH value;

[0007] Step 2: Wild fish collection: Keep high-quality wild fennel fish that are healthy and vigorous with no injuries on the body surface;

[0008] Step 3: Open transport of live water: Use live water trucks, continuously oxygenate, and open to the air;

[0009] Step 4: Disinfection before temporary storage: The aquarium system is soaked in 10% povidone-iodine for 2 to 3 days in a cycle, with a dosage of 2 to 5 ml / m3 , then replace the clean water and wash it for 2 to 3 days, for a total of 2 washes. Before entering the breeding tank, the wild grayling is soaked in 1% salt water for 15 minutes, and then washed with clean water for 15 minutes, during which time the dissolved oxygen is maintained;

[0010] Step 5: Temporarily raise the graylings according to their specifications and weights for one week without feeding;

[0011] Step 6, live bloodworm training: feed male live bloodworms, rinse 2-3 times before feeding, feed 1.5%-2% per day, and observe the feeding efficiency;

[0012] Step 7, separate and temporarily rear them according to different feeding abilities: according to the feeding efficiency of grayling, they are divided into those that feed immediately, those that feed slowly, and those that do not feed, and they are regrouped and temporarily reared. This method can prevent individuals with low feeding efficiency from not getting the normal daily feed amount; through gradual feeding and domestication, most individuals can eat normally;

[0013] Step 8. Daily management: The daily feeding rate is 1% to 1.5%. Change the clean water and clean the filter cotton every day. Clean the coral sand and activated carbon every half a month, and remove the leftover bait and feces in time.

[0014] Preferably, in step 1 of the method, the water temperature is controlled at 10°C to 12°C, the pH is 6.8 to 7.5, the dissolved oxygen is maintained at >6 mg / L, the water volume of the breeding tank is about 500 L, and the water depth is 50 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the fishing season in step 2 of the method is October, which can ensure that the temperature is not too high or too low and can improve the survival rate of grayling out of water.

[0016] Preferably, in method step 5, the wild grayling weighs 20-200 g, and is temporarily raised separately according to weights of 20-60 g, 60-100 g, and 100-200 g.

[0017] Preferably, actively grabbing food and eating a large amount of food during feeding in step 7 of the method is defined as immediately grabbing food, eating a small amount but not actively is defined as slowly eating, and moving slowly and not grabbing food at all is defined as not eating.

[0018] Preferably, in method step 8, the feeding time is 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. every day, the water and filter cotton are replaced at 9 a.m. every day, the water replacement amount is 1 / 3 of the water volume, and the filter cotton is replaced once a week.

[0019] The present invention also provides a wild grayling domestication system, comprising a breeding pond, a filtering system and a control system. The filtering system is connected to the breeding pond pipeline to achieve purification and recycling of water in the breeding pond; the control system comprises a water level regulating system, a dissolved oxygen control system and a temperature control system.

[0020] Preferably, an anti-escape plate is provided on the top of the breeding pond, and the anti-escape plate is detachably connected to the breeding pond; a water outlet is provided at the bottom of the breeding pond, and is equipped with a water outlet pipe and a water outlet valve.

[0021] Preferably, the filtration system includes a filter tank, a filter frame, a sterilization lamp, a vertical partition and a horizontal partition; the vertical partition is arranged inside the filter tank to divide the filter tank into two left and right parts connected at the bottom; the horizontal partition is arranged in the left part of the filter tank, and a plurality of evenly distributed holes are opened on the horizontal partition.

[0022] Preferably, the left part of the filter tank is sequentially provided or filled with a sterilization lamp, a horizontal partition, activated carbon and coral sand from bottom to top; the filter frame is placed on the coral sand, and filter cotton is laid inside.

[0023] Preferably, the control system includes a water pump, a refrigerator, a water level control pipeline and an aerator; the water pump is arranged in the right part of the filter tank and is connected to the refrigerator through a pipeline, and the refrigerator is connected to the top side wall of the breeding pond through a pipeline.

[0024] Preferably, the water level control pipeline is arranged on the other side wall of the breeding pond, and its pipe mouth is lower than the connection port between the refrigerator and the breeding pond; the water outlet of the water level control pipeline is arranged above the filter frame; the aerator is connected to the air stone through a plastic hose and directly enters the water body.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical results:

[0026] Due to the high difficulty of the capture technology of live fennel, the survival rate of existing capture technology and conventional fishing by fishermen is low, and there are still great technical defects in the capture time, capture location and transportation of fennel, especially the selection of capture season. Capturing in the season with too high temperature is easy to cause death of fennel as soon as it leaves the water, and capturing in the season with too low temperature is easy to cause body surface damage to fennel, which can cause death. Secondly, there are a large number of technical gaps in the artificial breeding of wild fennel, and improving the breeding survival rate is the main technical problem at present. In the process of breeding, wild fennel often does not feed or feeds less due to incomplete adaptation to the breeding environment, resulting in low immunity, and the change of water quality and temperature is very easy to break out Ichthyophthirius, Saprolegniasis and scabies, resulting in a large number of fennel infection and death. The present invention is through repeated attempts for many times, and the capture time, location, transportation and breeding system of the best wild fennel are selected, and grouping and domestication are carried out according to the fennel specifications and feeding ability, thereby improving the feeding rate and survival rate of fennel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on the drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the wild grayling domestication system proposed in the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-breeding pond; 2-filter tank; 3-refrigeration machine; 4-water pump; 5-aerator; 6-escape prevention plate; 7-water level control pipeline; 8-water outlet pipe; 9-coral sand; 10-activated carbon; 11-sterilization lamp; 12-vertical partition; 13-horizontal partition; 14-water outlet valve; 15-filter frame; 16-filter cotton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention firstly proposes a method for taming wild grayling, which comprises the following steps:

[0032] (1) Prepare the aquarium system: The aquarium system consists of a breeding tank, a filter tank, a refrigerator and an aerator. The water temperature is controlled at 10℃~12℃, the pH is 6.8~7.5, and the dissolved oxygen is maintained at >6mg / L. The water volume of the breeding tank is about 500L and the water depth is 50cm.

[0033] (2) Wild fish harvesting: The harvesting season is October, which can ensure that the temperature is not too high or too low, and can increase the survival rate of grayling. High-quality wild grayling with no injuries on the body surface and good health and vitality are retained.

[0034] (3) Open transport of live water: Use live water trucks, continuously oxygenate, and open to the air.

[0035] (4) Disinfection before temporary storage: The aquarium system is soaked in 10% povidone-iodine for 2 to 3 days, with a dosage of 2 to 5 ml / m 3 , then replace the clean water and wash it for 2 to 3 days, for a total of 2 times. Before entering the breeding tank, the wild grayling is soaked in 1% salt water for 15 minutes, and then washed with clean water for 15 minutes, during which time the dissolved oxygen is maintained.

[0036] (5) The wild grayling are temporarily housed separately according to their weight of 20-200 g. The fish are housed separately according to their weight of 20-60 g, 60-100 g and 100-200 g. The temporary house period is one week without feeding.

[0037] (6) Live bloodworms (Chironomid larvae) training: Feed live male bloodworms, rinse them 2 to 3 times before feeding, and feed them at a daily dose of 1.5% to 2%. Observe the feeding efficiency.

[0038] (7) Temporarily raising them separately according to their different feeding abilities: According to the feeding efficiency of grayling, they are divided into those that feed immediately, those that feed slowly, and those that do not feed. They are then grouped again for temporary raising. This method can prevent individuals with low feeding efficiency from not receiving the normal daily feed intake.

[0039] (8) Daily management: The daily feeding rate is 1% to 1.5%. The water is replaced and the filter cotton is cleaned every day. The coral sand and activated carbon are cleaned every half a month.

[0040] It should be noted that in step (7), actively grabbing food and eating a large amount of food during feeding was defined as immediate grabbing, eating a small amount but not actively was defined as slow eating, and slow movement and no grabbing of food was defined as no eating.

[0041] It should be noted that the feeding time in step (8) is 8 am and 5 pm every day, the water and filter cotton are replaced at 9 am every day, the water replacement amount is 1 / 3 of the water volume, and the filter cotton is replaced once a week.

[0042] At the same time, the present invention also proposes a wild grayling domestication system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the domestication system includes a breeding pond 1, a filtration system and a control system. The filtration system is connected to the pipeline of the breeding pond 1 to achieve purification and recycling of the water in the breeding pond 1; the control system includes a water level regulation system, a dissolved oxygen control system and a temperature control system.

[0043] Furthermore, an anti-escape plate 6 is provided on the top of the breeding pond 1, and the anti-escape plate 6 is detachably connected to the breeding pond 1; a water outlet is opened at the bottom of the breeding pond 1, and a water outlet pipe 8 and a water outlet valve 14 are provided in conjunction therewith.

[0044] Furthermore, the filtration system includes a filter tank 2, a filter frame 15, a sterilization lamp 11, a vertical partition 12 and a horizontal partition 13; the vertical partition 12 is arranged inside the filter tank 2, dividing the filter tank into two left and right parts connected at the bottom; the horizontal partition 13 is arranged in the left part of the filter tank, and a plurality of evenly distributed holes are opened on the horizontal partition 13.

[0045] Furthermore, the left part of the filter tank 2 is sequentially provided or filled with a sterilization lamp 11, a horizontal partition 13, activated carbon 10 and coral sand 9 from bottom to top; the filter frame 15 is placed on the coral sand 9, and filter cotton 16 is laid inside.

[0046] Furthermore, the control system includes a water pump 4, a refrigerator 3, a water level control pipeline 7 and an aerator 5; the water pump 4 is arranged in the right part of the space of the filter tank 2 and is connected to the refrigerator 3 through a pipeline, and the refrigerator 3 is connected to the top side wall of the breeding pond 1 through a pipeline.

[0047] Furthermore, the water level control pipeline 7 is arranged on the other side wall of the breeding pond 1, and its pipe mouth is lower than the connection port between the refrigerator 3 and the breeding pond 1; the water outlet of the water level control pipeline 7 is arranged above the filter frame 15; the aerator 5 is connected to the air stone through a plastic hose and directly enters the water body.

[0048] Referring to the above method, in October 2021, more than 200 wild Heilongjiang fennel, Baikal fennel and downstream Heilongjiang fennel were collected in the Greater Khingan Range area of ​​the Heilongjiang River Basin, and then domesticated and cultured at the Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences. The actual steps of the method of the present invention are as follows:

[0049] 1. Grayling fishing

[0050] The harvesting time was at the end of October 2021, when the temperature was -5℃~10℃. More than 200 wild graylings were caught by netting, with a body weight of 20~200g and a body length of 14~25cm. Healthy and uninjured graylings were retained and transported in an open and aerated manner with running water for 12 hours.

[0051] 2. Preparation of breeding system

[0052] The wild grayling domestication system proposed in the present invention has a square culture pond that can hold about 500L of water, a water level of 50cm, and has water purification and oxygenation functions. Before use, 10% povidone iodine is used for circulation soaking for 2 to 3 days, and the dosage is 2 to 5 ml / m 3, then replace the clean water and circulate and clean for 2 to 3 days, a total of 2 times; the breeding pond is equipped with a bottom drain and drain valve, a high-level water inlet and water inlet valve, and a fixed water level drain; the filter tank is separated into three spaces by a parallel partition and a vertical partition, the parallel partition is arranged on the wide side of the vertical partition, and the parallel partition is arranged from top to bottom. The filter cotton, filter frame, coral sand and activated carbon are arranged above the parallel partition, and the UV sterilization lamp is below. The narrow side of the vertical partition is a water pump; the refrigerator can control the temperature, and the water outlet of the above water pump is connected to the refrigerator through a water pipe. The clean water passes through the refrigerator and finally enters the aquarium; the aerator is connected to the air stone through a plastic hose and directly enters the water body. The water pipe, outlet pipe and inlet pipe are all PVC pipes, and the plastic hose is a PE pipe.

[0053] 3. Temporary care preparation and grouping

[0054] Before entering the breeding pond, wild fennel are soaked in 1% salt water for 15 minutes, and then washed with clean water for 15 minutes. During this period, sufficient dissolved oxygen is maintained and they are temporarily raised separately according to specifications. The weight of wild fennel is 20-200g. They are temporarily raised separately according to the weight of 20-60g, 60-100g and 100-200g. The breeding density of 20-60g is about 50 fish / m 3 The stocking density of 60-100g fish is about 40 / m 3 The stocking density of 100-200g fish is about 30 / m 3 The temporary breeding time is one week, no feeding, change the clean water and clean the filter cotton every day, change the filter cotton once a week, and clean the coral sand and activated carbon once a month.

[0055] 4. Live male red worm training

[0056] Feed fresh, clean red worms, rinse with clean water 2-3 times before feeding, and feed at a rate of 1.5%-2% on the first week. Observe the feeding efficiency, and define immediate feeding as actively grabbing food and eating a lot, slow eating as eating a small amount but not actively, and slow movement and no grabbing of food as not eating. Group and domesticate according to immediate feeding, slow eating, and no eating. The regular feeding time is 8 am and 5 pm every day.

[0057] Implementation results: From October to December 2021, the wild fennel domestication method proposed in the present invention was used to artificially breed wild Heilongjiang fennel, downstream Heilongjiang fennel and Lake Baikal fennel, with a total of more than 200 fish, and the survival rate of breeding was more than 90%.

[0058] The invention is based on repeated attempts, selecting the best catching time, location, transportation method and breeding system of wild grayling, and grouping and domesticating grayling according to the grayling specifications and feeding ability, thereby improving the feeding rate and survival rate of grayling.

[0059] The above are only preferred implementations of the present technology. The protection scope of the present technology is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the idea of ​​the present technology belong to the protection scope of the present technology. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present technology should be regarded as the protection scope of the present technology. The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for ordinary technicians in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for domesticating wild grayling, It is characterized in that The method steps include: Step 1. Prepare the aquarium system: control water temperature and volume, and adjust dissolved oxygen and pH value; Step 2: Wild fish collection: Keep high-quality wild fennel fish that are healthy and vigorous with no injuries on the body surface; Step 3: Open transport of live water: Use live water trucks, continuously oxygenate, and open to the air; Step 4, disinfection before temporary breeding: the aquarium system is soaked in 10% povidone iodine for 2 to 3 days, with a dosage of 2 to 5 ml / m3, and then replaced with clean water for 2 to 3 days of circulation cleaning, a total of 2 cleanings, wild fennel is soaked in 1% salt water for 15 minutes before entering the breeding tank, and then washed with clean water for 15 minutes, during which sufficient dissolved oxygen is maintained; Step 5: Temporarily raise the graylings according to their specifications and weights for one week without feeding; Step 6, live bloodworm training: feed male live bloodworms, rinse 2-3 times before feeding, feed 1.5%-2% per day, and observe the feeding efficiency; Step 7, temporarily raising them separately according to their different feeding abilities: according to the feeding efficiency of grayling, they are divided into those that feed immediately, those that feed slowly, and those that do not feed, and they are grouped again for temporary raising. This method can prevent individuals with low feeding efficiency from not getting the normal daily feeding amount. Through gradual feeding and domestication, most individuals can eat normally. Step 8. Daily management: The daily feeding rate is 1% to 1.5%. Change the clean water and clean the filter cotton every day. Clean the coral sand and activated carbon every half a month, and remove the leftover bait and feces in time.

2. The wild grayling domestication method according to claim 1, Features: In step 1 of the method, the water temperature is controlled at 10° C. to 12° C., the pH is 6.8 to 7.5, the dissolved oxygen is maintained at >6 mg / L, the water volume of the breeding tank is about 500 L, and the water depth is 50 cm.

3. The wild grayling domestication method according to claim 1, Features: The fishing season in step 2 of the method is October, which can ensure that the temperature is not too high or too low, and can improve the survival rate of grayling out of water.

4. The wild grayling domestication method according to claim 1, Features: In step 5 of the method, the wild grayling weighs 20 to 200 g, and is temporarily raised separately according to weights of 20 to 60 g, 60 to 100 g, and 100 to 200 g.

5. The wild grayling domestication method according to claim 1, Features: In step 7 of the method, actively grabbing food and eating a large amount of food during feeding is defined as immediately grabbing food, eating a small amount but not actively is defined as slowly eating, and moving slowly and not grabbing food at all is defined as not eating food.

6. The wild grayling domestication method according to claim 1, Features: In step 8 of the method, the feeding time is scheduled at 8 am and 5 pm every day, the time for replacing clean water and fresh filter cotton is 9 am every day, the water replacement amount is 1 / 3 of the water volume, and the filter cotton is replaced once a week.

7. The wild grayling domestication method according to claim 1, Features: The domestication method is carried out in a domestication system, which includes a breeding pond, a filtration system and a control system. The filtration system is connected to the pipeline of the breeding pond to achieve purification and recycling of water in the breeding pond; the control system includes a water level regulation system, a dissolved oxygen control system and a temperature control system.

8. The wild grayling domestication method according to claim 7, Features: The top of the breeding pool is provided with an anti-escape plate, and the anti-escape plate is detachably connected to the breeding pool; the bottom of the breeding pool is provided with a water outlet, and is matched with a water outlet pipe and a water outlet valve.

9. The wild grayling domestication method according to claim 7, Features: The filtration system includes a filter tank, a filter frame, a sterilization lamp, a vertical partition and a horizontal partition; the vertical partition is arranged inside the filter tank to divide the filter tank into two left and right parts connected at the bottom; the horizontal partition is arranged in the left part of the filter tank, and a plurality of evenly distributed holes are opened on the horizontal partition.

10. The method for taming wild grayling as claimed in claim 9, Features: The left part of the filter tank is sequentially arranged or filled with a sterilization lamp, a horizontal partition, activated carbon and coral sand from bottom to top; the filter frame is placed on the coral sand, and filter cotton is laid inside the filter frame.

11. The method for taming wild grayling as claimed in claim 9, Features: The control system includes a water pump, a refrigerator, a water level control pipeline and an aerator; the water pump is arranged in the right part of the filter tank and is connected to the refrigerator through a pipeline, and the refrigerator is connected to the top side wall of the culture pond through a pipeline.

12. The method for taming wild grayling as claimed in claim 11, Features: The water level control pipeline is arranged on the other side wall of the culture pond, and its pipe mouth is lower than the connection port between the refrigerator and the culture pond; the water outlet of the water level control pipeline is arranged above the filter frame; the aerator is connected to the air stone through a plastic hose and directly enters the water body.

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