A silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact prepared by explosive composite method and process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a structure and process for explosively cladding silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contacts. The structure comprises a base pure aluminum plate, a multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate, a carbon steel drive plate, and an explosive box containing explosives, arranged horizontally from bottom to top on a foundation. A detonator is inserted into the explosive box. A gap support column is provided between the base pure aluminum plate and the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate. The base pure aluminum plate has an area greater than that of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate. The base pure aluminum plate is thicker than the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate. The carbon steel drive plate has an area greater than that of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate. The present invention utilizes a carbon steel plate with a larger mass and area as a drive plate to absorb the energy of the explosive explosion, driving the thinner, smaller silver-nickel alloy to explosively clad with the larger, thicker pure aluminum substrate. The composite material has no intermetallic compound transition zone at its interface, resulting in a clean interface and excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal welding, and in particular to a structure and process for preparing a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by an explosive composite method. Background Art

[0002] Silver-nickel alloy (generally containing 5% to 40% nickel) has good electrical and thermal conductivity, strong resistance to metal transfer, arc burns, electrical erosion, good wear resistance, high strength, and good ductility and machinability. Therefore, it is widely used as a contact material in power components such as switches, controllers, voltage regulators, and circuit breakers. Under high current operating conditions, the cathode aluminum busbar needs to be connected to the silver-nickel alloy contact material. When using a mechanical connection method such as crimping, a large contact resistance will be generated, reducing the conductivity of the component. In addition, Ag and Ni both form brittle metal compound phases with aluminum at high temperatures. Therefore, whether traditional fusion welding or high-energy beam (laser welding, electron beam) welding is adopted, a large amount of brittle phases will be generated at the welding interface, resulting in cracking of the weld joint or poor mechanical properties, which has no practical engineering value. Explosive welding belongs to solid phase welding, with less diffusion and melting of elements at the welding interface. The welding process does not change the organizational state of the parent material. The welded joint has excellent strength and electrical properties. Therefore, it is widely used in welding dissimilar metals that cannot be welded by traditional welding methods, and is widely used in conductive and structural fields.

[0003] Silver-nickel alloys are often used in key areas due to their high cost, while commercially pure aluminum is used for conductive components in the remainder. Consequently, their thickness and surface area are smaller than those of pure aluminum substrates. Therefore, it is necessary to consider fabricating a layered composite material consisting of a smaller silver-nickel alloy layer on a larger aluminum substrate. However, conventional explosive welding methods are only suitable for fabricating composite materials with equal surface areas. Therefore, a suitable structure and process for fabricating composite materials with a small silver-nickel alloy layer and a thick pure aluminum layer is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a structure and process for preparing a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by an explosive composite method.

[0005] The present invention discloses a structure for preparing a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by an explosive composite method, comprising a foundation, on which a base pure aluminum plate, a multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate, a carbon steel drive plate, and an explosive layer are horizontally placed in order from bottom to top, wherein a detonator is inserted into the explosive layer;

[0006] A plurality of gap support columns are provided between the base pure aluminum plate and the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; and the area of ​​the base pure aluminum plate is larger than the area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;

[0007] The thickness of the base pure aluminum plate is greater than the thickness of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;

[0008] The area of ​​the carbon steel driving plate is greater than the area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is made by explosively compositing a base silver-nickel alloy plate and a multi-layer pure aluminum plate of equal area.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of gap support columns are provided between the base silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite pure aluminum plate, an explosive layer is placed on the composite pure aluminum plate, and a fiberboard is provided between the base silver-nickel alloy plate and the foundation;

[0011] After the explosives in the explosive layer explode, the base silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite pure aluminum plate form the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the surface roughness Ra of the base silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite pure aluminum plate is not greater than 1 μm, and the unevenness is not greater than 0.5 mm;

[0013] The fiberboard includes two layers of fiberboard with a thickness of not less than 10 mm, and the thickness of the composite pure aluminum plate is 2 mm.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the explosive in the explosive layer is a low-explosion-velocity ammonium nitrate oil explosive, the detonation velocity of the low-explosion-velocity ammonium nitrate oil explosive is 2200m / s, and the density is 0.85g / cm 3 ;

[0015] The charge thickness in the explosive layer is 15 mm, and the charge gap is 4 mm.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the silver-nickel alloy surface of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is adhered to the bottom center of the carbon steel drive plate;

[0017] The bottom of the carbon steel driving plate is also pasted with a transparent tape other than the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate to prevent the carbon steel driving plate and the base pure aluminum plate from welding;

[0018] The thickness of the carbon steel driving plate is 2 mm.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the plurality of interstitial support columns are all pure aluminum interstitial columns, and the height of the plurality of pure aluminum interstitial columns is 8 mm.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the surface roughness Ra of the base pure aluminum plate and the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not greater than 1 μm;

[0021] The thickness of the base pure aluminum plate is greater than 5 mm, and the thickness of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is 1-2 mm;

[0022] The area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not greater than 50 mm×500 mm.

[0023] The present invention also discloses a process for preparing a structure of a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by explosive composite method, comprising:

[0024] Step S1, polishing the oxide layers on the silver-nickel alloy plate and the pure aluminum plate to remove surface oxide scale and contaminants on the silver-nickel alloy plate and the pure aluminum plate;

[0025] Step S2: using low-detonation-velocity ammonium nitrate-fuel explosive, with a pure aluminum plate as a composite layer, a silver-nickel alloy plate as a base layer, and a fiberboard as a backing plate for placing the base layer, placing them on a flat sandy foundation, and performing explosive compounding to obtain a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;

[0026] Step S3, forming a clad layer using the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate obtained in step S2, and adhering the silver-nickel alloy surface of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate to the center of the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate, and affixing transparent tape to the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate except for the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate to prevent welding between the carbon steel driving plate and the base pure aluminum plate;

[0027] Step S4, cleaning the surfaces of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate and the base pure aluminum plate to completely remove the oxide scale and contaminants on the surfaces of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate and the base pure aluminum plate;

[0028] Step S5: setting a plurality of gap support columns between the base pure aluminum plate and the carbon steel drive plate to which the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is attached, and setting an explosive layer above the carbon steel drive plate. After completing the above assembly in the explosion field, explosive composite is performed;

[0029] Step S6: shaping, cutting and processing the composite plate after explosive cladding to complete the explosive cladding preparation of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, the area of ​​the base pure aluminum plate is larger than the area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;

[0031] The thickness of the base pure aluminum plate is greater than the thickness of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;

[0032] The area of ​​the carbon steel driving plate is greater than the area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The present invention adopts a carbon steel plate with a larger mass and area as a driving plate to receive the energy of the explosive explosion, driving a thinner and smaller silver-nickel alloy and a larger and thicker base pure aluminum plate to perform explosive composite. In addition, there is no intermetallic compound transition zone at the interface of the composite material, the interface is clean, and the composite material has excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a driving plate method for explosively cladding silver-nickel alloy and thick pure aluminum for a preparation structure of a silver-nickel alloy and pure aluminum contact disclosed in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the explosive welding structure of a multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate prepared by an explosive composite method of a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact disclosed in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The present invention discloses a process flow chart of the preparation structure of a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by an explosive composite method.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 1. Detonator; 2. Carbon steel drive plate; 3. Base pure aluminum plate; 4. Explosive layer; 5. Multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; 6. Gap support column; 7. Foundation; 8. Multi-layer pure aluminum plate; 9. Base silver-nickel alloy plate; 10. Fiberboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a structure for preparing a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by an explosive composite method, comprising a foundation 7, on which a base pure aluminum plate 3, a multilayer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5, a carbon steel driving plate 2 and an explosive layer 4 are horizontally placed in sequence from bottom to top, and a detonator 1 is inserted into the explosive layer 4; a plurality of gap support columns 6 are arranged between the base pure aluminum plate 3 and the multilayer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5; and the area of ​​the base pure aluminum plate 3 is greater than the area of ​​the multilayer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5; the thickness of the base pure aluminum plate 3 is greater than the thickness of the multilayer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5; the area of ​​the carbon steel driving plate 2 is greater than the area of ​​the multilayer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5.

[0045] The present invention uses a carbon steel plate with a larger mass and area as a driving plate to receive the energy of the explosive explosion, driving the thinner and smaller silver-nickel alloy and the larger and thicker base pure aluminum plate 3 to perform explosive composite. In addition, there is no intermetallic compound transition zone at the interface of the composite material, the interface is clean, and it has excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and service life.

[0046] Specifically:

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 of the present invention is made by explosively cladding a base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and a multi-layer pure aluminum plate 8 of equal area.

[0048] Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of gap support columns 6 are arranged between the base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the composite pure aluminum plate 8, an explosive layer is placed on the composite pure aluminum plate 8, and a fiberboard 10 is arranged between the base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the foundation 7; after the explosives in the explosive layer 4 explode, the base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the composite pure aluminum plate 8 form a composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5.

[0049] Furthermore, the surface roughness Ra of the base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the composite pure aluminum plate 8 of the present invention is not greater than 1 μm, and the unevenness is not greater than 0.5 mm; the fiberboard 10 includes two layers of fiberboard 10 with a thickness of not less than 10 mm, and the thickness of the composite pure aluminum plate 8 is 2 mm.

[0050] Further, the explosive in the explosive layer 4 of the present invention is a low-explosion-velocity ammonium nitrate oil explosive, the detonation velocity of the low-explosion-velocity ammonium nitrate oil explosive is 2200m / s, and the density is 0.85g / cm 3 ; The charge thickness in the explosive layer 4 is 15mm and the charge gap is 4mm.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the silver-nickel alloy surface of the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum plate 5 of the present invention is attached to the center of the bottom of the carbon steel drive plate 2. Transparent tape is also attached to the bottom of the carbon steel drive plate 2, excluding the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum plate 5, to prevent welding between the carbon steel drive plate 2 and the base pure aluminum plate 3. The thickness of the carbon steel drive plate of the present invention is 2 mm.

[0052] Furthermore, the plurality of interstitial support columns 6 in the present invention are all pure aluminum interstitial columns, and the height of the plurality of pure aluminum interstitial columns is 8 mm; the surface roughness Ra of the base pure aluminum plate 3 and the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 is not greater than 1 μm.

[0053] Furthermore, the thickness of the base pure aluminum plate 3 in the present invention is greater than 5 mm, the thickness of the multilayer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is 1-2 mm; and the area of ​​the multilayer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not greater than 50 mm×500 mm.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also discloses a process for preparing a structure of a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by explosive composite method, which specifically adopts a two-step explosive composite process. First, equal areas of a 2mm composite pure aluminum plate 8 and a base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 are explosively composited. Then, a 2mm low-carbon steel plate is used as a driving plate to absorb the kinetic energy after the explosive explosion. The composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 is welded as a composite layer and a thick base pure aluminum plate 3 for explosive welding, thereby completing the preparation of a partial silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite material.

[0055] Specific processes include:

[0056] Step S1, polishing the oxide layers on the silver-nickel alloy plate and the pure aluminum plate to remove surface oxide scale and contaminants on the silver-nickel alloy plate and the pure aluminum plate;

[0057] Step S2, using low-detonation-velocity ammonium nitrate-fuel explosive, with a pure aluminum plate as a composite layer, a silver-nickel alloy plate as a base layer, and a fiberboard 10 as a backing plate for placing the base layer, placing them on a flat sandy foundation, and performing explosive compounding to obtain a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate;

[0058] Step S3, forming a clad layer with the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate obtained in step S2, and adhering the silver-nickel alloy surface of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate to the center of the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate 2, and affixing a transparent tape on the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate 2 except for the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate to prevent welding between the carbon steel driving plate 2 and the base pure aluminum plate 3;

[0059] Step S4: cleaning the surfaces of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 and the base pure aluminum plate 3 to completely remove the oxide scale and contaminants on the surfaces of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 and the base pure aluminum plate 3;

[0060] Step S5: a plurality of gap support columns 6 are provided between the base pure aluminum plate 3 and the carbon steel drive plate 2 to which the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is attached, and an explosive layer 4 is provided above the carbon steel drive plate 2. After the above assembly is completed in the explosion field, explosive composite is performed;

[0061] Step S6: shaping, cutting and processing the composite plate after explosive cladding to complete the explosive cladding preparation of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact.

[0062] Furthermore, in step S1, it specifically includes: polishing the base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 and the 2mm thick composite pure aluminum plate 8 with a 120# fiber wheel to remove the surface oxide layer, so that the metal is smooth, with a roughness Ra≤1μm and an unevenness≤0.5mm.

[0063] Further, in step S2, specifically comprise: adopt low detonation velocity ammonium nitrate oil explosive, its detonation velocity 2200m / s, density 0.85g / cm3, charge thickness is 15mm, gap 4mm; With 2mm thick multilayer pure aluminum plate 8 as multilayer, base silver-nickel alloy plate 9 is base, and with two layers of 10mm fiberboard 10 as the backing plate for placing base silver-nickel alloy plate 9, be placed on smooth sand foundation (as Figure 2 As shown), explosive compounding is performed;

[0064] Furthermore, in step S3, the following steps are specifically performed: the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate processed in step 2 is used as a cladding layer, and the silver-nickel alloy surface of the cladding silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 is adhered to the center of the 2 mm thick carbon steel drive plate 2 using epoxy resin glue. Transparent tape is applied to the carbon steel drive plate 2 except for the cladding silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 to prevent welding between the carbon steel drive plate 2 and the base pure aluminum plate 3;

[0065] Furthermore, in step S4, the following steps are specifically performed: cleaning the surfaces of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 and the base pure aluminum plate 3 to completely remove surface oxide scale and contaminants to ensure that the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 1 μm;

[0066] Furthermore, in step S5, it specifically includes: using pure aluminum columns as gap support columns 6 to support the carbon steel drive plate 2 with the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 attached, the height of the pure aluminum columns is 8 mm, so that the distance between the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 and the base pure aluminum plate 3 is maintained at 6 mm, and assembling and explosively compounding are performed in the explosion field (such as Figure 1 shown);

[0067] Furthermore, in step S6, it specifically includes: correcting, cutting and processing the composite plate after the explosive composite, and completing the preparation of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by the explosive composite method.

[0068] Example 1:

[0069] The composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5 is made of AgNi5, with a specification of 2mm×15mm×380mm; the specification of the base pure aluminum plate 3 is selected to be 37mm×37mm×380mm;

[0070] The AgNi5 composite layer is located at the center of the base pure aluminum plate 3 and is composited according to the above steps;

[0071] The bonding area of ​​the composite material after welding is 100%, the average interface shear strength (τb) of the silver-nickel alloy-aluminum interface at room temperature is greater than 80 MPa, and the interface resistivity ρ20 at room temperature is 2.25 μΩ.cm.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] AgNi5 is used as the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate 5, with a specification of 1.2×20mm×500mm, and the specification of the base pure aluminum plate 3 is selected to be 60mm×60mm×500mm;

[0074] The AgNi5 composite layer is located at the center of the aluminum base layer and composited according to the above steps;

[0075] The bonding area of ​​the composite material after welding is 100%, the average interface shear strength (τb) of the silver-nickel alloy-aluminum interface at room temperature is greater than 80 MPa, and the interface resistivity ρ20 at room temperature is 2.28 μΩ*cm.

[0076] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure prepared by explosive composite method of silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact, including a foundation, characterized in that: On the foundation, a base pure aluminum plate, a multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate, a carbon steel driving plate and an explosive layer are horizontally placed in sequence from bottom to top, and a detonator is inserted into the explosive layer; A plurality of gap support columns are provided between the base pure aluminum plate and the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; and the area of ​​the base pure aluminum plate is larger than the area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; The thickness of the base pure aluminum plate is greater than the thickness of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; The area of ​​the carbon steel drive plate is larger than the area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; The composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is made by explosively cladding a base silver-nickel alloy plate and a composite pure aluminum plate of equal area; a plurality of interstitial support columns are provided between the base silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite pure aluminum plate; an explosive layer is placed on the composite pure aluminum plate; and a fiberboard is provided between the base silver-nickel alloy plate and the foundation; After the explosives in the explosive layer explode, the base silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite pure aluminum plate form the composite silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; The silver-nickel alloy surface of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is adhered to the bottom center of the carbon steel drive plate; The bottom of the carbon steel driving plate is also pasted with a transparent tape other than the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate to prevent the carbon steel driving plate and the base pure aluminum plate from welding.

2. The structure of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact prepared by explosive composite method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface roughness Ra of the base silver-nickel alloy plate and the composite pure aluminum plate is not greater than 1 μm, and the unevenness is not greater than 0.5 mm; The fiberboard includes two layers of fiberboard with a thickness of not less than 10 mm, and the thickness of the composite pure aluminum plate is 2 mm.

3. The structure of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact prepared by explosive composite method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosive in the explosive layer is a low-explosion-velocity ammonium nitrate oil explosive, the detonation velocity of the low-explosion-velocity ammonium nitrate oil explosive is 2200 m / s, and the density is 0.85 g / cm 3 ; The charge thickness in the explosive layer is 15 mm, and the charge gap is 4 mm.

4. The structure of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact prepared by explosive composite method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the carbon steel driving plate is 2 mm.

5. The structure of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact prepared by explosive composite method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of gap support columns are all pure aluminum gap columns, and the height of the plurality of pure aluminum gap columns is 8 mm.

6. The structure of silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact prepared by explosive composite method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface roughness Ra of the base pure aluminum plate and the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not greater than 1 μm; The thickness of the base pure aluminum plate is greater than 5 mm, and the thickness of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is 1-2 mm; The area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is not greater than 50 mm×500 mm.

7. A process for preparing a structure of a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact by explosive composite method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: Step S1, polishing the oxide layers on the silver-nickel alloy plate and the pure aluminum plate to remove surface oxide scale and contaminants on the silver-nickel alloy plate and the pure aluminum plate; Step S2: using low-detonation-velocity ammonium nitrate-fuel explosive, with a pure aluminum plate as a composite layer, a silver-nickel alloy plate as a base layer, and a fiberboard as a backing plate for placing the base layer, placing them on a flat sandy foundation, and performing explosive compounding to obtain a silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; Step S3, forming a clad layer using the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate obtained in step S2, and adhering the silver-nickel alloy surface of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate to the center of the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate, and affixing transparent tape to the bottom of the carbon steel driving plate except for the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate to prevent welding between the carbon steel driving plate and the base pure aluminum plate; Step S4, cleaning the surfaces of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate and the base pure aluminum plate to completely remove the oxide scale and contaminants on the surfaces of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate and the base pure aluminum plate; Step S5: setting a plurality of gap support columns between the base pure aluminum plate and the carbon steel drive plate to which the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate is attached, and setting an explosive layer above the carbon steel drive plate. After completing the above assembly in the explosion field, explosive composite is performed; Step S6: shaping, cutting and processing the composite plate after explosive cladding to complete the explosive cladding preparation of the silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum contact.

8. The process according to claim 7, characterized in that The area of ​​the base pure aluminum plate is larger than the area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; The thickness of the base pure aluminum plate is greater than the thickness of the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate; The area of ​​the carbon steel driving plate is greater than the area of ​​the multi-layer silver-nickel alloy-pure aluminum composite plate.

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