A vehicle air conditioning unit with higher energy efficiency

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of vehicle air conditioning units with higher energy efficiency, including shell, energy storage heat exchange module and intelligent air conditioning module, shell includes for discharging vehicle interior exhaust gas exhaust emission chamber, for introducing fresh air to vehicle interior fresh air chamber, for mixing fresh air and return air mixing chamber, with mixing chamber communication gas processing chamber, with gas processing chamber communication air supply chamber, and condensing air chamber;Wherein, energy storage heat exchange module is located between exhaust emission chamber and fresh air chamber in longitudinal direction, exhaust gas located in exhaust emission chamber and fresh air located in fresh air chamber are respectively impacted energy storage heat exchange module under the action of negative pressure, so that the temperature difference between exhaust gas in exhaust emission chamber and fresh air in fresh air chamber is reduced, effectively reduces the fresh air load of air conditioning unit, so that the vehicle air conditioning unit proposed in the present application has higher energy efficiency performance, thereby saving electric energy, reduce carbon emission while reducing operating cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rail transit, and specifically relates to a vehicle air conditioning unit with higher energy efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] As an important component of existing urban rail transit vehicles, air conditioning units are also a key component that determines the comfort of the vehicle. Naturally, while focusing on comfort, people are also very concerned about the energy efficiency of air conditioning units.

[0003] Specifically, in the current technological landscape, methods to improve the energy efficiency of vehicle air conditioning units typically involve installing dampers at the fresh air inlet, exhaust air outlet, and return air inlet of the air conditioning unit to regulate airflow. The opening of these dampers is automatically adjusted according to the vehicle's load, thereby controlling the intake and exhaust airflow to achieve energy savings and improve efficiency while maintaining comfort. Furthermore, some technologies also employ inverter technology and heat pumps to further reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit.

[0004] However, the applicant believes that there is still considerable room for improvement in the energy efficiency of air conditioning units in the prior art. Based on the inventor's many years of focused research experience and accumulated theoretical knowledge in this field, this application hopes to seek new technical directions to further improve the energy efficiency of vehicle air conditioning units. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioning unit with higher energy efficiency, which effectively reduces the fresh air load of the air conditioning unit, so that the vehicle air conditioning unit proposed in this application has higher energy efficiency performance, thereby saving electricity, reducing carbon emissions and lowering operating costs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A vehicle air conditioning unit with higher energy efficiency includes a housing, an energy storage heat exchange module, and an intelligent air conditioning module. The housing includes an exhaust gas discharge chamber for discharging exhaust gas from inside the vehicle, a fresh air chamber for introducing fresh air into the vehicle, a mixing chamber for mixing the fresh air and return air, a gas handling chamber connected to the mixing chamber, an air supply chamber connected to the gas handling chamber, and a condensing air chamber. The energy storage heat exchange module is located longitudinally between the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air chamber. The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber impact the energy storage heat exchange module under negative pressure, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber and reducing the fresh air load.

[0008] Preferably, the energy storage heat exchange module is made of phase change material and includes a first transverse heat exchange surface and / or a first flow guide surface located on one side of the exhaust gas discharge chamber and in impact contact with at least a portion of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber, and a second transverse heat exchange surface and / or a second flow guide surface located on one side of the fresh air chamber and in impact contact with at least a portion of the fresh air in the fresh air chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the exhaust gas discharge chamber has an exhaust gas inlet that is symmetrically distributed laterally and an exhaust gas outlet located on the left outer side longitudinally, and a negative pressure fan is connected between the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet; the fresh air chamber has a fresh air inlet that is symmetrically distributed laterally and a fresh air outlet located on the inner side longitudinally, the fresh air outlet is connected to the mixing chamber, and a compressor is connected between the fresh air inlet and the fresh air outlet.

[0010] Preferably, an exhaust gas chamber jet plate is provided between each exhaust gas inlet and the negative pressure fan to guide the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber to impact the energy storage heat exchange module; and / or, a fresh air chamber jet plate is provided between each fresh air inlet and the compressor to guide the fresh air in the fresh air chamber to impact the energy storage heat exchange module.

[0011] Preferably, the jet plates of each exhaust gas chamber are symmetrically distributed in the transverse direction of the exhaust gas discharge chamber, and each exhaust gas chamber jet plate has an angle α with the longitudinal direction; the jet plates of each fresh air chamber are symmetrically distributed in the transverse direction of the fresh air chamber, and each fresh air chamber jet plate has an angle β with the longitudinal direction; more preferably, 20°≤α≤45° and / or 20°≤β≤40°.

[0012] Preferably, the mixing chamber is located on the longitudinal right side of the fresh air chamber and extends from the bottom to the top of the housing. It is used to mix fresh air and return air to form a first gas. It has return air inlets and a first gas outlet that are symmetrically distributed laterally. The mixing chamber is also connected to the fresh air outlet of the fresh air chamber. The first gas outlet is located on the lateral inner side of its corresponding return air inlet and is connected to the gas processing chamber. The gas processing chamber is used to process the first gas into a second gas and extends from the bottom to the top of the housing. It is equipped with a mixing air filter and / or a heat exchanger and / or a heater, and a second gas outlet connected to the air supply chamber. The air supply chamber serves as a delivery channel for the second gas and extends from the bottom to the top of the housing. It is equipped with a centrifugal fan unit and / or a variable diameter air duct, and has an air outlet located on the longitudinal right outer side.

[0013] Preferably, the inlet area of ​​the variable diameter duct is smaller than its outlet area, and a guide vane is installed inside the variable diameter duct; and / or the air outlet includes a side air outlet and a middle air outlet.

[0014] Preferably, the condensing air cavity serves as a heat dissipation channel for the vehicle's air conditioning unit during cooling operations and is located above the exhaust gas discharge cavity and the fresh air cavity; wherein a portion of the exhaust gas discharge cavity extends upward through the condensing air cavity, and the condensing air cavity is equipped with a heat exchanger and / or a condensing fan.

[0015] Preferably, a pressure wave switch protection module is installed on the inside of each exhaust gas inlet and / or the inside of each fresh air inlet. The pressure wave switch protection module is opened or closed according to the pressure difference between the vehicle interior and exterior to improve the environmental comfort inside the vehicle.

[0016] Preferably, the exhaust gas emission chamber and / or fresh air chamber and / or mixing chamber and / or air supply chamber are provided with regulating dampers for air volume adjustment; the intelligent air conditioning module includes an electrical control unit and an air conditioning working unit; wherein, the electrical control unit electrically connects the various electrical components of the vehicle air conditioning unit, and the intelligent controller realizes the control operation; the air conditioning working unit connects the various air conditioning structures of the vehicle air conditioning unit, and under the combined control of the electrical control unit, provides a comfortable and more energy-efficient cabin environment for the vehicle.

[0017] It should be noted that the electrical components and air conditioning structures of the vehicle air conditioning unit involved in this application can be appropriately selected with reference to common knowledge in the field. Of course, the preferred solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can also be adopted. This application does not limit this to a single solution.

[0018] This application proposes to install an energy storage heat exchange module between the exhaust gas chamber and the fresh air chamber of a vehicle air conditioning unit. The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas chamber and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber collide with the energy storage heat exchange module under negative pressure, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas chamber and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber. This effectively reduces the fresh air load of the air conditioning unit, resulting in higher energy efficiency of the vehicle air conditioning unit proposed in this application. Consequently, it saves electricity, reduces carbon emissions, and lowers operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a top view of a vehicle air conditioning unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention (the top cover is hidden).

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a local structure in the image;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle air conditioning unit at the bottom according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial structural diagram;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Another partial structural diagram;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the variable diameter air duct in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This embodiment discloses a vehicle air conditioning unit with higher energy efficiency, including a housing, an energy storage heat exchange module, and an intelligent air conditioning module. The housing includes an exhaust gas discharge chamber for discharging exhaust gas from inside the vehicle, a fresh air chamber for introducing fresh air into the vehicle, a mixing chamber for mixing fresh air and return air, a gas handling chamber connected to the mixing chamber, an air supply chamber connected to the gas handling chamber, and a condensing air chamber. The energy storage heat exchange module is located longitudinally between the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air chamber. The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber impact the energy storage heat exchange module under negative pressure, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber and reducing the fresh air load.

[0026] The embodiments of this invention disclose technical solutions that, in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a vehicle air conditioning unit with higher energy efficiency includes a housing 1, an energy storage and heat exchange module 2, and an intelligent air conditioning module 4. The housing 1 includes an exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a for discharging exhaust gas from inside the vehicle, a fresh air chamber 1b for introducing fresh air into the vehicle, a mixing chamber 1c for mixing fresh air and return air, a gas handling chamber 1d connected to the mixing chamber 1c, an air supply chamber 1e connected to the gas handling chamber 1d, and a condensing air chamber 1f.

[0028] Preferably, in this embodiment, the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and the fresh air chamber 1b are located on the lower left side of the longitudinal direction of the housing 1, and a part of the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a extends upward along the left longitudinal side wall of the housing 1 and penetrates the condensation air chamber 1f.

[0029] Preferably, in this embodiment, the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a serves as an exhaust channel for the turbid gas (i.e., "exhaust gas") inside the vehicle. Specifically, it is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 1a4 that is symmetrically distributed in the horizontal direction and an exhaust gas outlet 1a5 located on the left outer side in the longitudinal direction. A negative pressure fan 1a1 is connected between the exhaust gas inlet 1a4 and the exhaust gas outlet 1a5. More preferably, the negative pressure fan 1a1 serves as a power device for discharging the turbid gas inside the vehicle and is installed at the bottom of the housing 1. In order to control and adjust the exhaust gas discharge volume, in this embodiment, an exhaust regulating damper 1a2 is provided on the right side in the longitudinal direction of the negative pressure fan 1a1.

[0030] Preferably, in this embodiment, the fresh air chamber 1b is located on the longitudinal right side of the exhaust gas chamber 1a, serving as an entry channel for fresh air (i.e., "fresh air") inside the vehicle. Specifically, it is provided with a fresh air inlet 1b5 symmetrically distributed laterally and a fresh air outlet 1b6 located on the longitudinal inner side. The fresh air outlet 1b6 is connected to the mixing chamber 1c, and a compressor 1b2 is connected between the fresh air inlet 1b5 and the fresh air outlet 1b6. More preferably, in order to control and regulate the amount of fresh air entering, a fresh air regulating damper 1b1 is arranged in the middle of the fresh air chamber 1b in this embodiment. More preferably, in order to facilitate the air conditioning effect, in this embodiment, two compressors 1b2 and four sets of thermal expansion valves 1b3 are symmetrically arranged vertically on the longitudinal right side of the fresh air chamber 1b.

[0031] Please refer to the following for further details. Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the energy storage heat exchange module 2 is located longitudinally between the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and the fresh air chamber 1b. The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber 1b impact the energy storage heat exchange module 2 under negative pressure, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber 1b, and reducing the fresh air load. Preferably, in this embodiment, the energy storage heat exchange module 2 is a block structure 2a made of phase change material (in actual implementation, any known phase change material can be used, and this embodiment does not have a particular limitation on it). The energy storage heat exchange module 2 includes a section located on one side of the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and adjacent to the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1b. The first transverse heat exchange surface 2b and / or the first guide surface 2d, which are in contact with at least a portion of the exhaust gas, and the second transverse heat exchange surface 2c and / or the second guide surface 2e, which are located on one side of the fresh air cavity 1b and are in contact with at least a portion of the fresh air in the fresh air cavity 1b, are configured such that the structure of the first guide surface 2d and the second guide surface 2e can achieve the function of converging and guiding energy, further increasing the heat exchange space of the corresponding airflow, thereby improving the heat exchange effect of the energy storage heat exchange module 2; the shape of the first guide surface 2d and the second guide surface 2e can be conventionally selected according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any special restrictions on them. They can usually be set to a shape that protrudes outward (see Figure 4 (As shown).

[0032] More preferably, in this embodiment, an exhaust gas cavity jet plate 1a3 is provided between each exhaust gas inlet 1a4 and the negative pressure fan to guide the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge cavity 1a to impact the energy storage heat exchange module 2; and / or, a fresh air cavity jet plate 1b4 is provided between each fresh air inlet 1b5 and the compressor 1b2 to guide the fresh air in the fresh air cavity 1b to impact the energy storage heat exchange module 2; preferably, in order to further enhance the guiding and impacting effect on the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge cavity 1a or the fresh air in the fresh air cavity 1b, in this embodiment, each exhaust gas cavity jet plate 1a3 is symmetrically distributed in the left and right directions in the transverse direction of the exhaust gas discharge cavity 1a, and each exhaust gas cavity jet plate 1a3 has an angle α with the longitudinal direction, wherein 20°≤α≤45°; each fresh air cavity jet plate 1b4 is symmetrically distributed in the left and right directions in the transverse direction of the fresh air cavity 1b, and each fresh air cavity jet plate 1b4 has an angle β with the longitudinal direction, wherein 20°≤β≤40°;

[0033] In this embodiment, during actual operation, the temperature of the first transverse heat exchange surface 2b is the exhaust gas temperature t1 in the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a, and the temperature of the second transverse heat exchange surface 2c is the fresh air temperature t2 in the fresh air chamber 1b. Under the guidance of the jet plates 1a3 and 1b4 in each exhaust gas chamber, the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber 1b collide with the first transverse heat exchange surface 2b and the second transverse heat exchange surface 2c under negative pressure, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the exhaust gas temperature t1 in the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and the fresh air temperature t2 in the fresh air chamber 1b, thus significantly reducing the fresh air load.

[0034] Preferably, in this embodiment, the mixing chamber 1c is located on the longitudinal right side of the fresh air chamber 1b and extends from the bottom to the top of the housing 1. It is rectangular in shape and symmetrically distributed on the lateral outer side. It is used to mix fresh air and return air to form a first gas. Specifically, it is provided with a return air inlet 1c2 and a first gas outlet 1c3 that are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides in the lateral direction. The mixing chamber 1c is also connected to the fresh air outlet 1b6 of the fresh air chamber 1b. The first gas outlet 1c3 is located on the lateral inner side of its corresponding return air inlet 1c2 and is connected to the gas processing chamber 1d. More preferably, in order to control and regulate the amount of return air entering, in this embodiment, a return air regulating damper 1c1 is arranged on the side of the mixing chamber 1c.

[0035] Preferably, please refer to [see also] Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the gas processing chamber 1d is used to heat, filter, or cool the first gas and filter it into a second gas. It extends from the bottom right side of the housing 1 longitudinally to the top and is symmetrically distributed on the outer side laterally. The gas processing chamber 1d is equipped with a mixing air filter and / or a heat exchanger and / or a heater, as well as a second gas outlet connected to the air supply chamber 1e. Specifically, preferably, in this embodiment, the gas processing chamber 1d is equipped with a vertical mixing air filter 1d1, a first heat exchanger 1d2, and an electric heater 1d3 arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides laterally. The number of mixing air filter 1d1, heat exchanger 1d2, and electric heater 1d3 on each side are 3 sets, 1 set, and 1 set, respectively. At the same time, the gas processing chamber 1d has a drainage function, and the drainage position is located at the bottom of the electric heater 1d3.

[0036] Preferably, in this embodiment, the air supply chamber 1e serves as the delivery channel for the second gas, and is generally convex in shape, extending from the bottom to the top of the housing 1. It is equipped with a centrifugal blower unit 1e1 and a variable-diameter air duct 1e2, and also has an air outlet located on the right outer side in the longitudinal direction. More preferably, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 6 As shown, the inlet area of ​​the variable diameter duct 1e2 is smaller than its outlet area, and a guide vane 1e23 is installed inside the variable diameter duct 1e2. Specifically, preferably, in this embodiment, the effective area of ​​the inlet end 1e21 is 81180 mm². 2 The effective area of ​​the 1e22 at the export end is 222145 mm. 2 To facilitate airflow, two air guide plates 1e23 are installed at intervals inside the variable diameter air duct 1e2; the air outlet includes a side air outlet 1e41 and a middle air outlet 1e42; in order to control and adjust the airflow, in a more preferred embodiment, an airflow regulating damper 1e3 is provided at the middle air outlet 1e42.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 As shown, the condensing air chamber 1f serves as a heat dissipation channel for the vehicle's air conditioning unit during cooling operations, and is located above the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and the fresh air chamber 1b. The condensing air chamber 1f is equipped with a heat exchanger and / or a condensing fan. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second heat exchanger 1f1 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the condensing air chamber 1f, and two sets of condensing fans 1f2 and a solenoid valve 1f6 are arranged longitudinally in the middle. The pipe 1f3, sight glass 1f4, and dryer filter 1f5 used to connect the second heat exchanger 1f1 are respectively arranged above the exhaust gas discharge chamber 1a and on the left longitudinal side of the condensing air chamber 1f.

[0038] Preferably, to further improve the environmental comfort inside the vehicle, pressure wave switch protection modules 3 are installed on the inner side of each exhaust gas inlet 1a4 and / or the inner side of each fresh air inlet 1b5. The pressure wave switch protection modules 3 are opened or closed according to the pressure difference between the vehicle interior and exterior. In actual implementation, the pressure wave switch protection modules 3 can adopt a structure of common knowledge, and the control logic adopted can adopt the following preferred scheme:

[0039] If the air pressure fluctuation meets the following conditions:

[0040] Pressure change ΔP within 1 second > 500 Pa; or,

[0041] The maximum pressure change ΔP within 3 seconds is greater than 800 Pa; or,

[0042] The maximum pressure change ΔP within 10 seconds is greater than 1000 Pa.

[0043] When the relay of the pressure wave switch protection module 3 is activated, it outputs a control signal to drive its corresponding protection valve to close; otherwise, its corresponding protection valve remains open. Here, the pressure change ΔP is the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle.

[0044] Preferably, in this embodiment, the intelligent air conditioning module 4 includes an electrical control unit and an air conditioning working unit; wherein, the electrical control unit electrically connects the various electrical components of the vehicle air conditioning unit, and the intelligent controller realizes control operation; the air conditioning working unit 1b connects the various air conditioning structures of the vehicle air conditioning unit, and under the combined control of the electrical control unit, provides a comfortable and more energy-efficient cabin environment for the vehicle; specifically, preferably, the various electrical components in this embodiment include a negative pressure fan 1a1 and an exhaust regulating damper 1a. 2. Compressor 1b2, thermostatic expansion valve 1b3, return air regulating damper 1c1, electric heater 1d3, centrifugal blower unit 1e1, supply air regulating damper 1e3, condenser fan 1f2, solenoid valve 1f6, and pressure wave protection system 3, etc.; The specific air conditioning structures of the vehicle air conditioning unit include compressor 1b2, first heat exchanger 1d2, second heat exchanger 1f1, solenoid valve 1f6, thermostatic expansion valve 1b3, sight glass 1f4, and dryer filter 1f5, etc. These air conditioning structures are connected by auxiliary structures such as pipe 1f3.

[0045] The vehicle air conditioning unit in this embodiment mainly includes heating and cooling modes during actual operation. In heating mode, the temperature of the first gas is lower than the temperature of the second gas, and in cooling mode, the temperature of the first gas is higher than the temperature of the second gas. The air supply regulating damper 1e3 controls the air volume of each air outlet through the intelligent air conditioning module 4. Specifically, preferably, in order to facilitate the comfort and convenience of the vehicle interior environment, in this embodiment, when supplying cold air, the opening degree of each intermediate air outlet 1e42 is set to 0 to 100%, and when supplying hot air, the opening degree of each intermediate air outlet 1e42 is set to 0 to 30%. Of course, in other embodiments, conventional selections can be made according to actual application needs, and this embodiment does not impose any special limitations on them.

[0046] The heating fresh air load involved in this application is 1.01×Q×1.2 / 3600×△t1, where Q is the fresh air mass flow rate, △t1 is the indoor-outdoor temperature difference, and △t is the difference between the exhaust gas temperature after heat exchange with the energy storage material and the fresh air temperature after heat exchange with the energy storage material. When △t is smaller, the fresh air temperature rise is greater, and △t1 is smaller, thus the heating fresh air load is smaller; similarly, the smaller △t is, the smaller the fresh air enthalpy value is, thus the cooling fresh air load is smaller.

[0047] Furthermore, since fresh air load is a key indicator that determines vehicle energy consumption, the vehicle air conditioning unit proposed in this embodiment can achieve higher energy efficiency, thereby saving electricity, reducing carbon emissions, and lowering operating costs.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A vehicle air conditioning unit with higher energy efficiency, characterized in that, The system includes a housing, an energy storage heat exchange module, and an intelligent air conditioning module. The housing includes an exhaust gas discharge chamber for discharging exhaust gas from the vehicle interior, a fresh air chamber for introducing fresh air into the vehicle interior, a mixing chamber for mixing the fresh air and return air, a gas handling chamber connected to the mixing chamber, an air supply chamber connected to the gas handling chamber, and a condensation chamber. The energy storage heat exchange module is located longitudinally between the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air chamber. The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber impact the energy storage heat exchange module under negative pressure, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air in the fresh air chamber, and reducing the fresh air load. The exhaust gas discharge chamber has exhaust gas inlets that are symmetrically distributed laterally and exhaust gas outlets located on the left outer side in the longitudinal direction. A negative pressure fan is connected between the exhaust gas inlets and the exhaust gas outlets. The fresh air chamber has fresh air inlets that are symmetrically distributed laterally and fresh air outlets located on the inner side in the longitudinal direction. The fresh air outlets are connected to the mixing chamber, and a compressor is connected between the fresh air inlets and the fresh air outlets. An exhaust gas chamber jet plate is installed between each exhaust gas inlet and the negative pressure fan to guide the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber to impact the energy storage heat exchange module; and / or, a fresh air chamber jet plate is installed between each fresh air inlet and the compressor to guide the fresh air in the fresh air chamber to impact the energy storage heat exchange module. Each exhaust gas chamber jet plate is symmetrically distributed in the transverse direction of the exhaust gas discharge chamber, and each exhaust gas chamber jet plate has an angle α with the longitudinal direction; each fresh air chamber jet plate is symmetrically distributed in the transverse direction of the fresh air chamber, and each fresh air chamber jet plate has an angle β with the longitudinal direction. The mixing chamber is located on the longitudinal right side of the fresh air chamber and extends from the bottom to the top of the housing. It is used to mix fresh air and return air to form a first gas. It has return air inlets and a first gas outlet that are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides in the transverse direction. The mixing chamber is also connected to the fresh air outlet of the fresh air chamber. The first gas outlet is located on the transverse inner side of its corresponding return air inlet and is connected to the gas processing chamber. The gas processing chamber is used to process the first gas into a second gas and extends from the bottom to the top of the housing. It is equipped with a mixing air filter and / or a heat exchanger and / or a heater, and a second gas outlet connected to the air supply chamber. The air supply chamber serves as a delivery channel for the second gas and extends from the bottom to the top of the housing. It is equipped with a centrifugal fan unit and / or a variable diameter air duct, and is also provided with an air supply outlet located on the longitudinal right outer side.

2. The vehicle air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage heat exchange module is made of phase change material and includes a first transverse heat exchange surface and / or a first flow guide surface located on one side of the exhaust gas discharge chamber and in impact contact with at least a portion of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge chamber, and a second transverse heat exchange surface and / or a second flow guide surface located on one side of the fresh air chamber and in impact contact with at least a portion of the fresh air in the fresh air chamber.

3. The vehicle air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet area of ​​the variable diameter air duct is smaller than its outlet area, and an air guide plate is installed inside the variable diameter air duct; and / or the air outlet includes a side air outlet and a middle air outlet.

4. The vehicle air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensing air chamber serves as a heat dissipation channel for the vehicle's air conditioning unit during cooling operations and is located above the exhaust gas discharge chamber and the fresh air chamber; wherein a portion of the exhaust gas discharge chamber extends upward through the condensing air chamber, and the condensing air chamber is equipped with a heat exchanger and / or a condensing fan.

5. The vehicle air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Pressure wave switch protection modules are installed on the inside of each exhaust gas inlet and / or each fresh air inlet. The pressure wave switch protection modules are opened or closed according to the pressure difference between the vehicle's interior and exterior to improve the environmental comfort inside the vehicle.

6. The vehicle air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas chamber and / or fresh air chamber and / or mixing chamber and / or air supply chamber are equipped with regulating dampers for air volume adjustment; the intelligent air conditioning module includes an electrical control unit and an air conditioning working unit; wherein, the electrical control unit electrically connects the various electrical components of the vehicle air conditioning unit, and the intelligent controller realizes the control operation; the air conditioning working unit connects the various air conditioning structures of the vehicle air conditioning unit, and under the combined control of the electrical control unit, provides a comfortable and more energy-efficient cabin environment for the vehicle.

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