A double-feed reverse electrodialysis concentration difference power generation system

Abstract

The application provides a double-feed reverse electrodialysis power generation system, which comprises a heat generation module, a working condition adjusting module and a concentration difference power generation module. The heat generation module converts heat energy into chemical potential energy between salt solutions with different concentrations. The working condition adjusting module adjusts the temperature, pressure, concentration and flow of the dilute solution and the concentrated solution according to the actual working condition. The concentration difference power generation module converts the chemical potential energy between the salt solutions into electric energy through a reverse electrodialysis process. The conversion from heat energy to electric energy is realized through the above three processes. The application has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, low control difficulty, low noise and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of society and the economy, energy has become a major factor restricting social development. my country's total energy consumption is enormous, and its utilization efficiency needs further improvement; therefore, energy security has become a national strategy. In my country's daily production and life, a large amount of energy is directly lost as waste heat, without effective utilization, resulting in a huge waste of resources. The utilization of waste heat resources is one of the important means of energy recovery and improving energy utilization efficiency. Current industrial systems release a large amount of waste heat energy into the environment, of which low-grade waste heat energy accounts for about 42%. The large-scale emission of waste heat leads to a decrease in the industrial efficiency of the entire industrial system and an increase in production costs. At the same time, due to the decrease in industrial efficiency, the industrial system's consumption of electricity increases, and thermal power generation, as the main method of power generation, causes serious environmental pollution problems due to the combustion of fossil fuels. The increasing demand for electricity leads to an increase in the demand for fossil fuels. Considering the increasingly scarce natural resources, people have put forward the concept of sustainable development, and the development and utilization of new energy sources has gradually become a new theme of global development. Therefore, people need to utilize new technologies and methods to recover and utilize waste heat energy, especially the huge amount of low-grade waste heat, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and alleviating the global energy shortage problem.

[0003] Existing waste heat utilization technologies mainly include: Rankine cycle, Karina cycle, thermoelectric power generation, piezoelectric power generation, osmotic membrane concentration gradient power generation, and reverse electrodialysis heat engines. Rankine and Karina cycles are suitable for applications with high waste heat temperatures but cannot effectively utilize low-grade waste heat. They also face problems such as high boiling points and toxicity of the working fluid, and low efficiency. Thermoelectric and piezoelectric power generation are costly and have low power generation efficiency, with a maximum... The efficiency is approximately 20%. A permeate membrane heat engine mainly consists of a permeate membrane and a turbine expander, but the liquid expander has high manufacturing costs and is technically challenging, making it difficult to implement in industrial applications.

[0004] In 1979, Leob proposed a reverse electrodialysis heat engine based on concentration gradient technology. The system mainly consists of a concentration gradient power generation module and a heat generation module. Driven by waste heat, the heat generation module converts waste heat energy into salt concentration gradient energy, which is then converted into electrical energy through the reverse electrodialysis process and output. Currently, reverse electrodialysis heat engine technology is still in the exploratory stage worldwide, with only a few experimental prototypes and no large-scale industrial applications. Existing technology has many problems: First, the internal heat recovery effect of the system is poor. 1. Significant losses; 2. The temperature remains constant during the heat generation process, making efficient utilization of waste heat impossible; 3. When using multi-stage multi-effect technology, system reliability decreases, costs increase, control difficulty increases, and industrialization is difficult; 4. Poor internal heat recovery effect of the generator, resulting in system... The losses were significant.

[0005] Therefore, it is essential to perform thermodynamic optimization on the reverse electrodialysis heat engine system to enable the system to efficiently utilize low-grade waste heat for power generation. Simultaneously, the system structure must be optimized to ensure simplicity, reliable operation, and adjustable parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system with high heat source utilization and simple structure.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system, including a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module and a concentration power generation module.

[0009] The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature distillation generator 1, a condenser 2, a high-temperature regenerator 3, and a low-temperature regenerator 4; the operating condition regulation module includes a mixer 5, a dilute solution pump 7, a thermostat 8, a distributor 9, a dilute solution throttling valve 10, a concentrated solution pump 12, and a concentrated solution throttling valve 13; the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane 14, an electrode system 15, a reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16, and an external circuit 17; wherein:

[0010] Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlets 1-4 and 1-5, respectively. The solutions entering the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 flow from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the first inlet 1-1 and flows from bottom to top. The solutions absorb heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process.

[0011] The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet 1-3 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 and enters the condenser 2 for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition regulation module.

[0012] The concentrated solution generated after the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet 1-6 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1, and then passes through the high temperature regenerator 3 and the low temperature regenerator 4 in sequence. After the temperature decreases, it becomes concentrated solution S2 and enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0013] The condensate S1 is concentrated in the mixer 5, then enters the dilute solution pump 7 for pressure regulation, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0014] The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump 12, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0015] The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 15 and flow through the walls on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 14. Ions in the above solutions pass through the ion exchange membrane 14 under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system 13 converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit 16.

[0016] After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module.

[0017] The dilute solution S5 is pressure regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve 10 and then enters the distributor 9, where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer 5 and the remaining solution is diverted as dilute solution S7 and enters the heat generation module.

[0018] The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve 13 to become concentrated solution S8, and then enters the heat generation module;

[0019] The dilute solution S7 enters the low-temperature regenerator 4, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlet 1-4 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1.

[0020] The concentrated solution S8 enters the high-temperature regenerator 3, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the third inlet 1-5; thus completing a complete working cycle.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system, including a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module and a concentration power generation module.

[0022] The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature distillation generator 1, a condenser 2, a high-temperature regenerator 3, and a low-temperature regenerator 4; the operating condition regulation module includes a mixer 5, a dilute solution pump 7, a thermostat 8, a distributor 9, a dilute solution throttling valve 10, a concentrated solution pump 12, and a concentrated solution throttling valve 13; the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane 14, an electrode system 15, a reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16, and an external circuit 17; wherein:

[0023] Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlets 1-4 and 1-5, respectively. The solutions entering the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 flow from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the first inlet 1-1 and flows from bottom to top. The solutions absorb heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process.

[0024] The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet 1-3 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 and enters the condenser 2 for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition regulation module.

[0025] The concentrated solution generated after the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet 1-6 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1, and then passes through the high temperature regenerator 3 and the low temperature regenerator 4 in sequence. After the temperature decreases, it becomes concentrated solution S2 and enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0026] The condensate S1 undergoes a concentration adjustment process in the mixer 5, then enters the dilute solution pump 7 for pressure adjustment, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature adjustment, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0027] The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump 12, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0028] The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16 and flow through the walls on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 14. Ions in the above solutions pass through the ion exchange membrane 14 under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system 15 converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit 17.

[0029] After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module.

[0030] The dilute solution S5 undergoes a pressure regulation process through the dilute solution throttle valve 10 to become the dilute solution S7, which then enters the heat generation module.

[0031] The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve 13 and then enters the distributor 9, where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer 5 and the remaining solution is diverted to the concentrated solution S8 and enters the heat generation module.

[0032] The dilute solution S7 enters the low-temperature regenerator 4, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlet 1-4 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1.

[0033] The concentrated solution S8 enters the high-temperature regenerator 3, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the third inlet 1-5, thus completing a complete working cycle.

[0034] Thirdly, the present invention provides a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system, including a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module and a concentration power generation module.

[0035] The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature-varying distillation generator 1, a condenser 2, and a regenerator 18; the operating condition regulation module includes a mixer 5, a dilute solution pump 7, a thermostat 8, a distributor 9, a dilute solution throttle valve 10, a concentrated solution pump 12, and a concentrated solution throttle valve 13; the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane 14, an electrode system 15, a reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16, and an external circuit 17; wherein:

[0036] Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlets 1-4 and 1-5, respectively. The solutions entering the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 flow from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the first inlet 1-1 and flows from bottom to top. The solutions absorb heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process.

[0037] The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from outlet 1-3 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 and enters the condenser 2 for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition regulation module.

[0038] The concentrated solution generated by the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet 1-6 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1, passes through the regenerator 18, and becomes concentrated solution S2 after the temperature is reduced, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0039] The condensate S1 enters the mixer 5 for concentration adjustment, then enters the dilute solution pump 7 for pressure adjustment, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature adjustment, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0040] The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump 12, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0041] The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16 and flow through the walls on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 14. Ions in the above solutions pass through the ion exchange membrane 14 under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system 15 converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit 17.

[0042] After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module.

[0043] The dilute solution S5 is pressure regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve 10 and then enters the distributor 9, where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer 5 and the remaining solution is diverted as dilute solution S7 and enters the heat generation module.

[0044] The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve 13 to become concentrated solution S8, and then enters the heat generation module;

[0045] The dilute solution S7 enters the regenerator 18, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlet 1-4 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1.

[0046] The concentrated solution S8 enters the regenerator 18, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the third inlet 1-5; thus completing a complete working cycle.

[0047] Fourthly, the present invention provides a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system, including a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module.

[0048] The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature-varying distillation generator 1, a condenser 2, and a regenerator 18; the operating condition regulation module includes a mixer 5, a dilute solution pump 7, a thermostat 8, a distributor 9, a dilute solution throttle valve 10, a concentrated solution pump 12, and a concentrated solution throttle valve 13; the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane 14, an electrode system 15, a reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16, and an external circuit 17; wherein:

[0049] Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlets 1-4 and 1-5, respectively. The solutions entering the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 flow from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the first inlet 1-1 and flows from bottom to top. The solution absorbs heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process.

[0050] The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet 1-3 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 and enters the condenser 2 for condensation to become condensate S1. The condensate S1 then enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0051] The concentrated solution generated by the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet 1-6 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1, passes through the regenerator 18, and becomes concentrated solution S2 after the temperature is reduced, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0052] The condensate S1 is concentrated in the mixer 5, then enters the dilute solution pump 7 for pressure regulation, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0053] The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump 12, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0054] The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16 and flow through the walls on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 14. Ions in the solution pass through the ion exchange membrane 14 under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system 15 converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit 17.

[0055] After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module.

[0056] The dilute solution S5 is pressure-regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve 10 to become dilute solution S7, and then enters the heat generation module; the continuous temperature distillation generator 1.

[0057] The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve 13 and then enters the distributor 9, where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer 5 and the remaining solution is diverted to the concentrated solution S8 and enters the heat generation module.

[0058] The dilute solution S7 enters the regenerator 18, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlet 1-4.

[0059] The concentrated solution S8 enters the regenerator 18, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the third inlet 1-5.

[0060] This completes a full work cycle.

[0061] In some embodiments, the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 is a balanced stage tray with multiple axially distributed packing material, the number of balanced stage trays being increased or decreased according to the heat source temperature; or the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 includes several continuous temperature distillation generators connected in parallel.

[0062] In some embodiments, the condenser 2 can exchange heat with the outside in different ways, including natural air convection heat exchange, forced air convection heat exchange, mixed air convection heat exchange, radiation heat exchange, natural liquid convection heat exchange, and forced liquid convection heat exchange; when the condenser 2 adopts forced convection heat exchange, the hot and cold fluids can exchange heat in the manner of co-current, counter-current, and cross-flow.

[0063] In some embodiments, the high-temperature regenerator 3, the low-temperature regenerator 4, the regenerator 18, and the temperature equalizer 8 can use co-current, counter-current, and cross-flow heat exchange methods; the temperature equalizer 7 can use a two-flow heat exchange method, or a third cooling fluid can be introduced to regulate the temperature of the solution.

[0064] In some embodiments, the aforementioned dilute and concentrated solutions are composed of a solute and a solvent; the solute consists of one or more pairs of anions and cations, wherein the cations include lithium ions, sodium ions, magnesium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions, manganese ions, zinc ions, silver ions, iron ions, ferrous ions, aluminum ions, barium ions, copper ions, rubidium ions, cesium ions, strontium ions, hydrogen ions, and ammonium ions; the anions include fluoride ions, chloride ions, bromide ions, iodide ions, carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, sulfate ions, bisulfite ions, sulfite ions, bisulfite ions, cobaltate ions, and silver nitrate. The solute comprises one or more liquids, including water, ethanol, methanol, gasoline, diesel, kerosene, acetic acid, diethyl cyanide, diethyl ether, acetone, isopropanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, trifluoroethanol, trifluoroacetic acid, tetrafluorofuran, dimethylformamide, and dimethylacetamide. The concentration range of the dilute solution is from zero to less than the saturation concentration, and the concentration range of the concentrated solution is from greater than zero to the saturation concentration.

[0065] In some embodiments, the splitter 9 can adjust the split ratio according to the actual operating conditions, and the adjustment range is 0% to 100%.

[0066] In some embodiments, the dilute solution pump 7 and the concentrated solution pump 12 include positive displacement type, dynamic type and diaphragm type; the dilute solution pump 7 and the concentrated solution pump 12 can be one unit, or multiple units can be connected in series or parallel.

[0067] In some embodiments, the electrode system 15 may be an active electrode or an inert electrode, and the electrode system may include a lithium electrode, a carbon electrode, a carbon rod electrode, a platinum electrode, a titanium electrode, or a copper electrode; the electrode solution may be a single redox working fluid pair, or it may be the dilute solution and the concentrated solution mentioned above.

[0068] In some embodiments, the batteries of the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16 may be connected in series or in parallel.

[0069] In some embodiments, the ion exchange membrane 14 includes a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and the cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane are arranged alternately.

[0070] In some embodiments, the operating condition adjustment module further includes a dilute solution storage tank 6 and a concentrated solution storage tank 11. The condensate S1 after the concentration adjustment process by the mixer 5 is stored in the dilute solution storage tank 6; the concentrated solution S2 after the reheating process by the low-temperature regenerator 4 or the regenerator 18 is stored in the concentrated solution storage tank 11.

[0071] By adopting the above technical solution, the technical effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0072] The present invention provides a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system, comprising a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module. The heat generation module converts thermal energy into chemical potential energy between salt solutions of different concentrations. The operating condition regulation module adjusts the temperature, pressure, concentration, and flow rate of the dilute and concentrated solutions according to the actual operating conditions. The concentration power generation module converts the chemical potential energy between the salt solutions into electrical energy through the reverse electrodialysis process. The conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy is achieved through the above three processes. The system has a simple and reliable structure, low control difficulty, low noise, and high reliability.

[0073] Furthermore, the dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided by this invention includes a continuous variable-temperature distillation generator that can achieve a high degree of matching between the solution generation process and the variable-temperature heat source, reduce irreversible losses in the heat transfer process, and improve the utilization rate of the heat source; the system operating mode module is adjustable to enable it to have a heat storage function, adapt to fluctuations in actual production, and has a flexible power generation capacity configuration, and the system has a good internal heat recovery effect.

[0074] Furthermore, the dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided by the present invention includes a continuously variable temperature distillation generator inlet with an adjustable position to enhance the temperature and concentration matching between the feed solution and the solution at the feed tray, thereby reducing irreversible losses caused by differences in solution temperature and concentration during feeding. Attached Figure Description

[0075] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0076] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0078] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the temperature equalizer that introduces a third stream of cooling fluid, as provided in Embodiment 1, 2, 3, or 4 of the present invention.

[0081] The components include: a continuous temperature distillation generator (1), a condenser (2), a high-temperature regenerator (3), a low-temperature regenerator (4), a mixer (5), a dilute solution storage tank (6), a dilute solution pump (7), a thermostat (8), a distributor (9), a dilute solution throttling valve (10), a concentrated solution storage tank (11), a concentrated solution pump (12), a concentrated solution throttling valve (13), an ion exchange membrane (14), an electrode system (15), a reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16), an external circuit (17), and a regenerator (18). In the attached diagram, the arrows indicate the direction of solution flow. Detailed Implementation

[0082] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0083] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0084] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0085] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] Please see Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module. Wherein:

[0088] The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature distillation generator 1, a condenser 2, a high-temperature regenerator 3, and a low-temperature regenerator 4.

[0089] It is understood that the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 can realize the continuous temperature distillation process, the condenser 2 can realize the condensation process, and the high-temperature regenerator 3 and low-temperature regenerator 4 can realize the regeneration process. The continuous temperature distillation generator 1 can achieve a high degree of matching between the solution generation process and the temperature-variable heat source, reduce irreversible heat transfer losses, and improve the heat source utilization rate. The steam generated in the continuous temperature distillation process undergoes a condensation process and becomes condensate S1. The concentrated solution generated in the continuous temperature distillation process undergoes a regeneration process and becomes concentrated solution S2. Condensate S1 and concentrated solution S2 enter the operating condition adjustment module.

[0090] The operating condition adjustment module includes a mixer 5, a dilute solution pump 7, a thermostat 8, a flow divider 9, a dilute solution throttle valve 10, a concentrated solution pump 12, and a concentrated solution throttle valve 13.

[0091] It is understood that the operating condition adjustment module can realize the concentration adjustment process, pressure adjustment process, and temperature adjustment process to enable it to have heat storage function, adapt to fluctuations in actual production, and flexibly configure the power generation capacity; the condensate S1 and the concentrated solution S2 undergo the concentration, pressure, and temperature adjustment processes in sequence, becoming the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 respectively, and then enter the concentration power generation module; the dilute solution S5 and the concentrated solution S6 are mixed and then undergo the pressure adjustment process, becoming the dilute solution S7 and the concentrated solution S8 respectively, and then enter the heat generation module.

[0092] The concentration power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane 14, an electrode system 15, a reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16, and an external circuit 17.

[0093] It is understood that the concentration power generation module can realize the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process; the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 undergo the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, becoming the dilute solution S5 and the concentrated solution S6 respectively, and then enter the operating condition adjustment module.

[0094] The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention operates as follows:

[0095] Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlets 1-4 and 1-5, respectively. The solutions entering the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 flow from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the first inlet 1-1 and flows from bottom to top. The solutions absorb heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process.

[0096] The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet 1-3 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 and enters the condenser 2 for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition regulation module.

[0097] The concentrated solution generated after the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet 1-6 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1, and then passes through the high temperature regenerator 3 and the low temperature regenerator 4 in sequence. After the temperature decreases, it becomes concentrated solution S2 and enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0098] The condensate S1 is concentrated in the mixer 5, then enters the dilute solution pump 7 for pressure regulation, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0099] The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump 12, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0100] The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 15 and flow through the walls on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 14. Ions in the above solutions pass through the ion exchange membrane 14 under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system 13 converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit 16.

[0101] After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module.

[0102] The dilute solution S5 is pressure regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve 10 and then enters the distributor 9, where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer 5 and the remaining solution is diverted as dilute solution S7 and enters the heat generation module.

[0103] The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve 13 to become concentrated solution S8, and then enters the heat generation module;

[0104] The dilute solution S7 enters the low-temperature regenerator 4, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlet 1-4 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1.

[0105] The concentrated solution S8 enters the high-temperature regenerator 3, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the third inlet 1-5; thus completing a complete working cycle.

[0106] In some embodiments, the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 is a balanced stage tray with multiple axially distributed packing material, the number of balanced stage trays being increased or decreased according to the heat source temperature; or the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 includes several continuous temperature distillation generators connected in parallel.

[0107] It is understandable that the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 can achieve a high degree of matching between the solution generation process and the temperature-variable heat source, reduce irreversible losses in the heat transfer process, and improve the utilization rate of the heat source; moreover, the feed inlet of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 is adjustable to enhance the temperature and concentration matching between the feed solution and the solution at the feed tray, thereby reducing irreversible losses caused by differences in solution temperature and concentration during feeding.

[0108] In some embodiments, the condenser 2 can exchange heat with the outside in different ways, including natural air convection heat exchange, forced air convection heat exchange, mixed air convection heat exchange, radiation heat exchange, natural liquid convection heat exchange, and forced liquid convection heat exchange; when the condenser 2 adopts forced convection heat exchange, the hot and cold fluids can exchange heat in the manner of co-current, counter-current, and cross-flow.

[0109] In some embodiments, the high-temperature regenerator 3, the low-temperature regenerator 4, the regenerator 18, and the temperature equalizer 8 can use co-current, counter-current, and cross-flow heat exchange methods.

[0110] Please see Figure 5 The temperature equalizer 7 provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention can adopt a two-stream heat exchange form or introduce a third stream of cooling fluid to regulate the temperature of the solution.

[0111] It is understandable that when the temperatures of dilute solution S3 and concentrated solution S4 are higher than the temperature that the reverse electrodialysis cell stack can withstand, cooling water enters the temperature equalizer 7 to regulate the temperature of the solution.

[0112] In some embodiments, the aforementioned dilute and concentrated solutions are composed of a solute and a solvent; the solute consists of one or more pairs of anions and cations, wherein the cations include lithium ions, sodium ions, magnesium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions, manganese ions, zinc ions, silver ions, iron ions, ferrous ions, aluminum ions, barium ions, copper ions, rubidium ions, cesium ions, strontium ions, hydrogen ions, and ammonium ions; the anions include fluoride ions, chloride ions, bromide ions, iodide ions, carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, sulfate ions, bisulfite ions, sulfite ions, bisulfite ions, cobaltate ions, and silver nitrate. The solute comprises one or more liquids, including water, ethanol, methanol, gasoline, diesel, kerosene, acetic acid, diethyl cyanide, diethyl ether, acetone, isopropanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, trifluoroethanol, trifluoroacetic acid, tetrafluorofuran, dimethylformamide, and dimethylacetamide. The concentration range of the dilute solution is from zero to less than the saturation concentration, and the concentration range of the concentrated solution is from greater than zero to the saturation concentration.

[0113] It is understandable that the above-mentioned solutions offer a wide variety of choices, are environmentally friendly and non-toxic.

[0114] In some embodiments, the splitter 9 can adjust the split ratio according to the actual operating conditions, and the adjustment range is 0% to 100%.

[0115] In some embodiments, the dilute solution pump 7 and the concentrated solution pump 12 include positive displacement type, dynamic type and diaphragm type; the dilute solution pump 7 and the concentrated solution pump 12 can be one unit, or multiple units can be connected in series or parallel.

[0116] In some embodiments, the electrode system 15 may be an active electrode or an inert electrode, and the electrode system may include a lithium electrode, a carbon electrode, a carbon rod electrode, a platinum electrode, a titanium electrode, or a copper electrode; the electrode solution may be a single redox working fluid pair, or it may be the dilute solution and the concentrated solution mentioned above.

[0117] In some embodiments, the batteries of the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16 may be connected in series or in parallel.

[0118] In some embodiments, the ion exchange membrane 14 includes a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and the cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane are arranged alternately.

[0119] In some embodiments, the operating condition adjustment module further includes a dilute solution storage tank 6 and a concentrated solution storage tank 11. The condensate S1 after the concentration adjustment process by the mixer 54 is stored in the dilute solution storage tank 6. After the temperature drops in the low-temperature regenerator 4 or the regenerator 18, it becomes a concentrated solution S2 and enters the concentrated solution storage tank 11 for solution storage.

[0120] It is understandable that before dilute solution S1 and concentrated solution S2 enter dilute solution pump 7 and concentrated solution pump 12, they can be stored in dilute solution storage tank 6 and concentrated solution storage tank 11 respectively to achieve energy storage and regulate actual demand. Alternatively, they can bypass the storage tanks and enter the solution pump directly.

[0121] The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module. The heat generation module converts thermal energy into chemical potential energy between salt solutions of different concentrations. The operating condition regulation module adjusts the temperature, pressure, concentration, and flow rate of the dilute and concentrated solutions according to the actual operating conditions. The concentration power generation module converts the chemical potential energy between the salt solutions into electrical energy through the reverse electrodialysis process. The conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy is achieved through the above three processes. The system has a simple and reliable structure, low control difficulty, low noise, and high reliability.

[0122] Example 2

[0123] Please see Figure 2 The diagram below is a structural schematic of a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in one embodiment of the present invention. The following only describes the differences from Embodiment 1.

[0124] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system, comprising: a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module;

[0125] The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature distillation generator 1, a condenser 2, a high-temperature regenerator 3, and a low-temperature regenerator 4; the operating condition regulation module includes a mixer 5, a dilute solution pump 7, a thermostat 8, a distributor 9, a dilute solution throttling valve 10, a concentrated solution pump 12, and a concentrated solution throttling valve 13; the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane 14, an electrode system 15, a reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16, and an external circuit 17; wherein:

[0126] Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlets 1-4 and 1-5, respectively. The solutions entering the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 flow from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the first inlet 1-1 and flows from bottom to top. The solutions absorb heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process.

[0127] The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet 1-3 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 and enters the condenser 2 for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition regulation module.

[0128] The concentrated solution generated after the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet 1-6 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1, and then passes through the high temperature regenerator 3 and the low temperature regenerator 4 in sequence. After the temperature decreases, it becomes concentrated solution S2 and enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0129] The condensate S1 undergoes a concentration adjustment process in the mixer 5, then enters the dilute solution pump 7 for pressure adjustment, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature adjustment, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0130] The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump 12, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0131] The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16 and flow through the walls on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 14. Ions in the above solutions pass through the ion exchange membrane 14 under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system 15 converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit 17.

[0132] After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module.

[0133] The dilute solution S5 undergoes a pressure regulation process through the dilute solution throttle valve 10 to become the dilute solution S7, which then enters the heat generation module.

[0134] The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve 13 and then enters the distributor 9, where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer 5 and the remaining solution is diverted to the concentrated solution S8 and enters the heat generation module.

[0135] The dilute solution S7 enters the low-temperature regenerator 4, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlet 1-4 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1.

[0136] The concentrated solution S8 enters the high-temperature regenerator 3, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the third inlet 1-5, thus completing a complete working cycle.

[0137] The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module. The heat generation module converts thermal energy into chemical potential energy between salt solutions of different concentrations. The operating condition regulation module adjusts the temperature, pressure, concentration, and flow rate of the dilute and concentrated solutions according to the actual operating conditions. The concentration power generation module converts the chemical potential energy between the salt solutions into electrical energy through the reverse electrodialysis process. The conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy is achieved through the above three processes. The system has a simple and reliable structure, low control difficulty, low noise, and high reliability.

[0138] Example 3

[0139] Please see Figure 3 The diagram below is a structural schematic of a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in one embodiment of the present invention. The following only describes the differences from Embodiment 1.

[0140] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system, including a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module and a concentration power generation module;

[0141] The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature-varying distillation generator 1, a condenser 2, and a regenerator 18; the operating condition regulation module includes a mixer 5, a dilute solution pump 7, a thermostat 8, a distributor 9, a dilute solution throttle valve 10, a concentrated solution pump 12, and a concentrated solution throttle valve 13; the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane 14, an electrode system 15, a reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16, and an external circuit 17; wherein:

[0142] Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlets 1-4 and 1-5, respectively. The solutions entering the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 flow from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the first inlet 1-1 and flows from bottom to top. The solutions absorb heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process.

[0143] The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from outlet 1-3 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 and enters the condenser 2 for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition regulation module.

[0144] The concentrated solution generated by the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet 1-6 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1, passes through the regenerator 18, and becomes concentrated solution S2 after the temperature is reduced, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0145] The condensate S1 enters the mixer 5 for concentration adjustment, then enters the dilute solution pump 7 for pressure adjustment, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature adjustment, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0146] The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump 12, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0147] The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16 and flow through the walls on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 14. Ions in the above solutions pass through the ion exchange membrane 14 under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system 15 converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit 17.

[0148] After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module.

[0149] The dilute solution S5 is pressure regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve 10 and then enters the distributor 9, where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer 5 and the remaining solution is diverted as dilute solution S7 and enters the heat generation module.

[0150] The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve 13 to become concentrated solution S8, and then enters the heat generation module;

[0151] The dilute solution S7 enters the regenerator 18, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlet 1-4 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1.

[0152] The concentrated solution S8 enters the regenerator 18, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the third inlet 1-5; thus completing a complete working cycle.

[0153] The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module. The heat generation module converts thermal energy into chemical potential energy between salt solutions of different concentrations. The operating condition regulation module adjusts the temperature, pressure, concentration, and flow rate of the dilute and concentrated solutions according to the actual operating conditions. The concentration power generation module converts the chemical potential energy between the salt solutions into electrical energy through the reverse electrodialysis process. The conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy is achieved through the above three processes. The system has a simple and reliable structure, low control difficulty, low noise, and high reliability.

[0154] Example 4

[0155] Please see Figure 4 The diagram below is a structural schematic of a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in one embodiment of the present invention. The following only describes the differences from Embodiment 1.

[0156] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system, which includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module and a concentration power generation module;

[0157] The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature-varying distillation generator 1, a condenser 2, and a regenerator 18; the operating condition regulation module includes a mixer 5, a dilute solution pump 7, a thermostat 8, a distributor 9, a dilute solution throttle valve 10, a concentrated solution pump 12, and a concentrated solution throttle valve 13; the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane 14, an electrode system 15, a reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16, and an external circuit 17; wherein:

[0158] Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlets 1-4 and 1-5, respectively. The solutions entering the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 flow from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the first inlet 1-1 and flows from bottom to top. The solution absorbs heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process.

[0159] The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet 1-3 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 and enters the condenser 2 for condensation to become condensate S1. The condensate S1 then enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0160] The concentrated solution generated by the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet 1-6 of the continuous temperature distillation generator 1, passes through the regenerator 18, and becomes concentrated solution S2 after the temperature is reduced, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module.

[0161] The condensate S1 is concentrated in the mixer 5, then enters the dilute solution pump 7 for pressure regulation, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0162] The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump 12, and then enters the temperature equalizer 8 for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module.

[0163] The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack 16 and flow through the walls on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 14. Ions in the solution pass through the ion exchange membrane 14 under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system 15 converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit 17.

[0164] After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module.

[0165] The dilute solution S5 is pressure-regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve 10 to become dilute solution S7, and then enters the heat generation module; the continuous temperature distillation generator 1.

[0166] The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve 13 and then enters the distributor 9, where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer 5 and the remaining solution is diverted to the concentrated solution S8 and enters the heat generation module.

[0167] The dilute solution S7 enters the regenerator 18, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the second inlet 1-4.

[0168] The concentrated solution S8 enters the regenerator 18, and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator 1 through the third inlet 1-5.

[0169] This completes a full work cycle.

[0170] The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation system provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module. The heat generation module converts thermal energy into chemical potential energy between salt solutions of different concentrations. The operating condition regulation module adjusts the temperature, pressure, concentration, and flow rate of the dilute and concentrated solutions according to the actual operating conditions. The concentration power generation module converts the chemical potential energy between the salt solutions into electrical energy through the reverse electrodialysis process. The conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy is achieved through the above three processes. The system has a simple and reliable structure, low control difficulty, low noise, and high reliability.

[0171] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and only specifically describe the technical principles of the present invention. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way. Based on this explanation, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, as well as other specific embodiments of the present invention that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without creative effort, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system, characterized in that, Includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module; The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature distillation generator (1), a condenser (2), a high-temperature regenerator (3), and a low-temperature regenerator (4); the operating condition adjustment module includes a mixer (5), a dilute solution pump (7), a thermostat (8), a distributor (9), a dilute solution throttle valve (10), a concentrated solution pump (12), and a concentrated solution throttle valve (13); the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane (14), an electrode system (15), a reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16), and an external circuit (17); wherein: Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the second inlet (1-4) and the third inlet (1-5) respectively. The solution entering the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) flows from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the first inlet (1-1) and flows from bottom to top. The solution absorbs heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process. The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet (1-3) of the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) and enters the condenser (2) for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module. The concentrated solution generated by the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet (1-6) of the continuous temperature distillation generator (1), and then passes through the high temperature regenerator (3) and the low temperature regenerator (4) in sequence. After the temperature decreases, it becomes concentrated solution S2 and enters the operating condition adjustment module. The condensate S1 is concentrated in the mixer (5), then enters the dilute solution pump (7) for pressure adjustment, and then enters the temperature equalizer (8) for temperature adjustment to become dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module. The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump (12), and then enters the temperature equalizer (8) for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module; The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16) and flow through the ion exchange membrane (14) in a partitioned manner. Ions in the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 pass through the ion exchange membrane (14) under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system (15) converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit (17). After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module. The dilute solution S5 is pressure regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve (10) and then enters the distributor (9), where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer (5) and the remaining solution is diverted to the dilute solution S7 and enters the heat generation module; The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve (13) to become concentrated solution S8, and then enters the heat generation module; The dilute solution S7 enters the low-temperature regenerator (4), and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the second inlet (1-4). The concentrated solution S8 enters the high-temperature regenerator (3), and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the third inlet (1-5); thus completing a complete working cycle.

2. A dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system, characterized in that, Includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module; The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature distillation generator (1), a condenser (2), a high-temperature regenerator (3), and a low-temperature regenerator (4); the operating condition adjustment module includes a mixer (5), a dilute solution pump (7), a thermostat (8), a distributor (9), a dilute solution throttle valve (10), a concentrated solution pump (12), and a concentrated solution throttle valve (13); the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane (14), an electrode system (15), a reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16), and an external circuit (17); wherein: Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the second inlet (1-4) and (1-5) respectively. The solution entering the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) flows from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the first inlet (1-1) and flows from bottom to top. The solution absorbs heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process. The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet (1-3) of the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) and enters the condenser (2) for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module. The concentrated solution generated by the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet (1-6) of the continuous temperature distillation generator (1), and then passes through the high temperature regenerator (3) and the low temperature regenerator (4) in sequence. After the temperature decreases, it becomes concentrated solution S2 and enters the operating condition adjustment module. The condensate S1 undergoes a concentration adjustment process in the mixer (5), then enters the dilute solution pump (7) for pressure adjustment, and then enters the temperature equalizer (8) for temperature adjustment, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module; The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump (12), and then enters the temperature equalizer (8) for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module; The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16) and flow through the ion exchange membrane (14) in a partitioned manner. Ions in the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 pass through the ion exchange membrane (14) under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system (15) converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit (17). After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module. The dilute solution S5 undergoes a pressure regulation process through the dilute solution throttle valve (10) to become the dilute solution S7, and then enters the heat generation module; The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve (13) and then enters the distributor (9), where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer (5) and the remaining solution is diverted to the concentrated solution S8 and enters the heat generation module; The dilute solution S7 enters the low-temperature regenerator (4), and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the second inlet (1-4). The concentrated solution S8 enters the high-temperature regenerator (3), and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the third inlet (1-5), thus completing a complete working cycle.

3. A dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system, characterized in that, Includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module; The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature distillation generator (1), a condenser (2), and a regenerator (18); the operating condition adjustment module includes a mixer (5), a dilute solution pump (7), a thermostat (8), a distributor (9), a dilute solution throttle valve (10), a concentrated solution pump (12), and a concentrated solution throttle valve (13); the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane (14), an electrode system (15), a reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16), and an external circuit (17); wherein: Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the second inlet (1-4) and (1-5) respectively. The solution entering the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) flows from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the first inlet (1-1) and flows from bottom to top. The solution absorbs heat from the external heat source, thereby carrying out the continuous temperature distillation process. The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet (1-3) of the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) and enters the condenser (2) for condensation, becoming condensate S1, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module. The concentrated solution generated by the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet (1-6) of the continuous temperature distillation generator (1), passes through the regenerator (18), and becomes concentrated solution S2 after the temperature is reduced, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module. The condensate S1 enters the mixer (5) for concentration adjustment, then enters the dilute solution pump (7) for pressure adjustment, and then enters the temperature equalizer (8) for temperature adjustment, becoming a dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module; The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump (12), and then enters the temperature equalizer (8) for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module; The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16) and flow through the ion exchange membrane (14) in a partitioned manner. Ions in the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 pass through the ion exchange membrane (14) under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system (15) converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit (17). After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module. The dilute solution S5 is pressure regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve (10) and then enters the distributor (9), where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer (5) and the remaining solution is diverted to the dilute solution S7 and enters the heat generation module; The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve (13) to become concentrated solution S8, and then enters the heat generation module; The dilute solution S7 enters the regenerator (18), and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the second inlet (1-4). The concentrated solution S8 enters the regenerator (18), and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the third inlet (1-5); thus completing a complete working cycle.

4. A dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system, characterized in that, Includes a heat generation module, an operating condition regulation module, and a concentration power generation module; The heat generation module includes a continuous temperature distillation generator (1), a condenser (2), and a regenerator (18); the operating condition adjustment module includes a mixer (5), a dilute solution pump (7), a thermostat (8), a distributor (9), a dilute solution throttle valve (10), a concentrated solution pump (12), and a concentrated solution throttle valve (13); the concentration gradient power generation module includes an ion exchange membrane (14), an electrode system (15), a reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16), and an external circuit (17); wherein: Dilute solution S7 and concentrated solution S8 enter the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the second inlet (1-4) and (1-5) respectively. The solution entering the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) flows from top to bottom along the heat exchange tube. An external heat source enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the first inlet (1-1) and flows from bottom to top. The solution absorbs heat from the external heat source to carry out the continuous temperature distillation process. The steam generated during the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the first outlet (1-3) of the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) and enters the condenser (2) for condensation to become condensate S1. The condensate S1 then enters the operating condition adjustment module. The concentrated solution generated by the continuous temperature distillation process flows out from the second outlet (1-6) of the continuous temperature distillation generator (1), passes through the regenerator (18), and becomes concentrated solution S2 after the temperature is reduced, and then enters the operating condition adjustment module. The condensate S1 is concentrated in the mixer (5), then enters the dilute solution pump (7) for pressure regulation, and then enters the temperature equalizer (8) for temperature regulation to become dilute solution S3, and then enters the concentration power generation module. The concentrated solution S2 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution pump (12), and then enters the temperature equalizer (8) for temperature regulation, becoming concentrated solution S4, and then enters the concentration power generation module; The dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 enter the reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16) and flow through the ion exchange membrane (14) in a partitioned manner. The ions of the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 pass through the ion exchange membrane (14) under the action of the concentration gradient, thereby forming a directional ion flow. The electrode system (15) converts the ion flow into an electron flow, which is output by the external circuit (17). After undergoing the reverse electrodialysis concentration power generation process, the dilute solution S3 and the concentrated solution S4 are respectively converted into dilute solution S5 and concentrated solution S6, which then enter the operating condition regulation module. The dilute solution S5 is pressure regulated by the dilute solution throttle valve (10) to become dilute solution S7, and then enters the heat generation module; the continuous temperature distillation generator (1). The concentrated solution S6 is pressure regulated by the concentrated solution throttle valve (13) and then enters the distributor (9), where part of the solution is diverted to the mixer (5) and the remaining solution is diverted to the concentrated solution S8 and enters the heat generation module; The dilute solution S7 enters the regenerator (18), and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the second inlet (1-4). The concentrated solution S8 enters the regenerator (18), and after the temperature rises, it enters the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) through the third inlet (1-5). This completes a full work cycle.

5. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The continuous temperature distillation generator (1) is a balanced stage tray with multiple axially distributed packing material, the number of balanced stage trays being increased or decreased according to the heat source temperature; or the continuous temperature distillation generator (1) includes several continuous temperature distillation generators connected in parallel.

6. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The condenser (2) exchanges heat with the outside in different ways, including natural air convection heat exchange, forced air convection heat exchange, mixed air convection heat exchange, radiation heat exchange, natural liquid convection heat exchange and forced liquid convection heat exchange; when the condenser (2) uses forced convection heat exchange, the hot and cold fluids exchange heat in the manner of co-current, counter-current and cross-flow.

7. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The high-temperature regenerator (3), low-temperature regenerator (4), regenerator (18) and temperature equalizer (8) use co-current, counter-current and cross-flow heat exchange methods; the temperature equalizer (8) uses two-stream heat exchange or introduces a third cooling fluid to regulate the temperature of the solution.

8. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The aforementioned dilute and concentrated solutions consist of a solute and a solvent; the solute comprises one or more pairs of anions and cations, wherein the cations include lithium ions, sodium ions, magnesium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions, manganese ions, zinc ions, silver ions, iron ions, ferrous ions, aluminum ions, barium ions, copper ions, rubidium ions, cesium ions, strontium ions, hydrogen ions, and ammonium ions; the anions include fluoride ions, chloride ions, bromide ions, iodide ions, carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, sulfate ions, bisulfite ions, sulfite ions, bisulfite ions, cobaltate ions, silver nitrate ions, and hypochlorite ions. The solute comprises one or more liquids, including acid radicals, perchlorate radicals, manganate radicals, oxalate radicals, acetate radicals, hydrogen cyanide radicals, formate radicals, phosphate radicals, phosphite radicals, benzoate radicals, sulfide radicals, and chromate radicals; the solute consists of one or more liquids, including water, ethanol, methanol, gasoline, diesel, kerosene, acetic acid, diethyl cyanide, diethyl ether, acetone, isopropanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, trifluoroethanol, trifluoroacetic acid, tetrafluorofuran, dimethylformamide, and dimethylacetamide; the concentration range of the dilute solutions is from zero to less than the saturation concentration, and the concentration range of the concentrated solutions is from greater than zero to the saturation concentration.

9. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The splitter (9) adjusts the split ratio according to the actual working conditions, and its adjustment range is 0% ~ 100%.

10. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The dilute solution pump (7) and concentrated solution pump (12) include volumetric, dynamic and diaphragm types; the dilute solution pump (7) and concentrated solution pump (12) are each a single unit, or multiple units are connected in series or parallel.

11. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The electrode system (15) uses an active electrode or an inert electrode, and the electrode system includes a lithium electrode, a carbon electrode, a carbon rod electrode, a platinum electrode, a titanium electrode, and a copper electrode; the electrode solution of the electrode system (15) is a single redox working fluid pair, or the dilute solution and the concentrated solution mentioned above.

12. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The batteries in the reverse electrodialysis cell stack (16) are connected in series or in parallel.

13. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The ion exchange membrane (14) includes a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and the cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane are arranged alternately.

14. The dual-inlet reverse electrodialysis concentration gradient power generation system as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The operating condition adjustment module also includes a dilute solution storage tank (6) and a concentrated solution storage tank (11). The condensate S1 after the concentration adjustment process by the mixer (5) is stored in the dilute solution storage tank (6). The concentrated solution S2 after being reheated by the low-temperature regenerator (4) or the regenerator (18) is stored in the concentrated solution storage tank (11).

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