A controllable blasting impact experimental device and method based on electromagnetic spring

Abstract

The present invention provides a controllable blasting impact experimental device and method based on electromagnetic springs, which utilizes electromagnetic springs to exert precisely controllable impact loads to simulate blasting impacts, thereby improving simulation efficiency and accuracy while ensuring construction safety, and laying an important foundation for studying overburden damage in mining projects, the effects of explosion impact on surrounding rock stability, and mining subsidence laws.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine geology, and in particular to a controllable blasting impact experimental device and method based on an electromagnetic spring. Background Art

[0002] Blasting engineering is a technology that uses the huge energy released by explosives to destroy or deform the medium around the explosives, thereby achieving certain engineering purposes. A large amount of energy is released during the blasting impact, causing the rock mass to break and crack, which can easily cause secondary damage to the surrounding rocks, reduce the mechanical properties of the surrounding rocks, and further expand the cracks in the surrounding rocks, threatening the safe operation of mine production. When studying the laws related to overburden damage and mining subsidence in mining engineering, it is inevitable to take blasting impact into consideration.

[0003] In view of this situation, it is necessary to simulate the blasting impact on the surrounding rock during the blasting process. However, there is a lack of special impact simulation devices on the market. Chinese patent application CN113418672A discloses a pressure impact simulation device and method for sensors. The impact simulation device uses air compressors, gas tanks, etc. for impact simulation. The impact simulation process is relatively complicated and has certain safety hazards. Chinese patent application number CN106290016A discloses an underground air impact disaster test device. The device effectively simulates air impact disasters, but cannot simulate impact loads such as explosion impact. In order to accurately restore the mechanical environment of the coal mining site, study the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, and ensure the safety of construction, it is urgent to develop new experimental equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a controllable blasting impact experimental device and method based on electromagnetic springs, aiming to solve the problem that the impact load cannot be accurately simulated in the current similar material simulation test. By providing a similar simulation experimental device that can apply an impact load that can be accurately controlled, it lays an important foundation for studying the overburden damage in mining projects, the impact of explosion on surrounding rock stability and the laws of mining subsidence.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a controllable blasting impact experimental device based on electromagnetic springs, comprising an experimental platform frame, a loading device, an energy storage impact device and a similar material model (hereinafter referred to as the model); wherein the experimental platform frame comprises a bottom bracket 6, a left column 3, a right column 5 and a top bracket installed on the upper part of the left column 3 and the right column 5;

[0006] The loading device includes a lateral pressure device 7 and an upper hydraulic rod 2;

[0007] The energy storage impact device includes an electromagnetic spring 1 and an electromagnetic control display, a power supply, an electromagnetic wire, and a sensor 1 externally connected to the electromagnetic spring 1. The energy storage impact device is connected to a computer, wherein the signal input end of the electromagnetic control display is connected to a computer sensor control device through a signal line to adjust the size and direction of the elastic force. In the experiment, the impact load required by the model is calculated in advance, and the computer controls the energy storage impact device to output the impact load to the model;

[0008] The loading device is installed on the experimental platform frame and is used to load the similar material model installed in the experimental platform frame.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for using a controllable blasting impact experimental device based on an electromagnetic spring, the specific steps of the method are:

[0010] S1. Select and proportion similar materials according to the geological conditions and drilling data of the studied mining area;

[0011] S2. According to the principle of similarity, similar materials are laid in similar material models;

[0012] S3. Lay a steel plate or air bag on the top of the similar material model, lower the hydraulic rod to provide the upper load, and apply loads on both sides of the model according to the experimental requirements;

[0013] S4. Place sensors in the model to monitor stress and displacement changes;

[0014] S5. Lift the hydraulic rod in the area to be impacted and install the impact ball and / or impact plate according to the experimental requirements;

[0015] S6. Calculate the impact load required for the model, connect the energy storage impact device to the computer via a data cable, and control the impact value of the electromagnetic spring via the computer;

[0016] S7. Simulate the impact caused by the explosion and monitor the impact effect through sensors.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. Compared with the existing impact simulation device and method, the impact simulation structure and impact simulation process of the present invention are simple, and the mechanical force of the electromagnetic spring is used to simulate the blasting impact, which is highly safe and controllable. The impact position can be adjusted without disassembling the device, and the simulation of multi-point blasting impact can be realized at the same time (the electromagnetic springs corresponding to the multiple upper hydraulic rods act at the same time, or the electromagnetic springs corresponding to the upper hydraulic rods and the electromagnetic springs corresponding to the lateral pressure device act at the same time), and the simulation of the blasting impact action at different points can also be performed;

[0019] 2. The present invention controls the impact value of the electromagnetic spring by computer, and the impact load can be precisely controlled, with a high degree of intelligence. Compared with the conventional blasting impact method, the impact experiment of the present invention can greatly improve the simulation efficiency and accuracy, and can more accurately restore the mechanical environment of the coal mining site;

[0020] 3. The use of impact balls and / or impact plates can meet the needs of single-point impact and large-area impact, which is closer to the actual working conditions and facilitates the study of overburden damage, the impact of explosions on surrounding rock stability, and mining subsidence laws. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an initial schematic diagram of a controllable blasting impact experimental device based on an electromagnetic spring of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder retraction of the controllable blasting impact experimental device based on electromagnetic spring of the present invention;

[0023] In the figure: 1-electromagnetic spring, 2-hydraulic rod, 3-left column, 4-left electromagnetic spring fixing device, 5-right column, 6-bottom bracket, 7-lateral pressure device, 8-right electromagnetic spring fixing device, 9-impact ball and impact plate. Specific implementation plan

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a controllable blasting impact experimental device based on electromagnetic springs, including an experimental platform frame, a loading device, an energy storage impact device and a similar material model (hereinafter referred to as the model); wherein the experimental platform frame includes a bottom bracket 6, a left column 3, a right column 5 and a top bracket installed on the upper part of the left column 3 and the right column 5;

[0026] The loading device includes a lateral pressure device 7 and an upper hydraulic rod 2;

[0027] The energy storage impact device includes an electromagnetic spring 1 and an electromagnetic control display, a power supply, an electromagnetic wire, and a sensor 1 externally connected to the electromagnetic spring 1. The energy storage impact device is connected to a computer, wherein the signal input end of the electromagnetic control display is connected to a computer sensor control device through a signal line (the computer sensor control device collects the signal of the sensor 1 and performs corresponding control) to adjust the size and direction of the elastic force. In the experiment, the impact load required by the model is calculated in advance, and the computer controls the energy storage impact device to output the impact load to the model;

[0028] The loading device is installed on the experimental platform frame and is used to load the similar material model installed in the experimental platform frame.

[0029] Preferably, the electromagnetic spring 1 is installed on the upper hydraulic rod 2 (specifically located at the bottom of the upper hydraulic rod 2), and the impact value of the electromagnetic spring can be accurately controlled by an external computer. The energy storage impact device can effectively simulate the dynamic load applied to the model, and accurately simulate the blasting impact at each stage of the experiment. Under normal conditions, the upper electromagnetic spring is in a contracted state, and the upper load is provided to the model under the action of the upper hydraulic rod. When impact simulation is required, the hydraulic rod of the area to be impacted is lifted, and then the impact ball and / or impact plate are installed according to the experimental requirements, and the impact value of the electromagnetic spring is controlled by a computer. When the electromagnetic spring reaches a preset impact value, the electromagnetic spring is released to simulate the impact caused by the blasting.

[0030] Preferably, the upper hydraulic rod is retractable. When the laying model is too low, the hydraulic rod can be extended downward to lay a steel plate or a flexible loading airbag on the top of the model. The hydraulic rod provides downward pressure to the model in the initial state to simulate ground stress.

[0031] Preferably, it also includes electromagnetic spring fixing devices (4, 8) on the left and right sides, the upper part of which is installed on the top bracket and the lower part is connected to the upper hydraulic rod 2 to fix the electromagnetic spring, and the fixing device is detachable.

[0032] Preferably, the lateral pressure device can apply loads on the left and right sides to provide loads for forming geological structures such as faults.

[0033] Preferably, a second sensor is also arranged inside the similar material model to monitor stress and displacement changes.

[0034] Preferably, the sensor used is an acoustic emission sensor, and sensor one and sensor two may be the same sensor or different sensors.

[0035] Preferably, the energy storage impact device is controlled by a computer to output an impact load to the model, specifically, the impact value of the electromagnetic spring is controlled by a computer and the energy storage is released to perform precise impact loading.

[0036] As a further preferred embodiment, the lateral pressure device is also a hydraulic rod, and an energy storage impact device including an electromagnetic spring is also installed on the lateral pressure device to simulate lateral blasting impact loading.

[0037] Further preferably, it also includes an angle adjustment device for adjusting the horizontal angle of the similar material model, so as to simulate blasting impact conditions at different angles.

[0038] The present invention also provides a method for using a controllable blasting impact experimental device based on an electromagnetic spring, the specific steps of the method are:

[0039] S1. Select and proportion similar materials according to the geological conditions and drilling data of the studied mining area;

[0040] S2. According to the principle of similarity, similar materials are laid in similar material models;

[0041] S3. Lay a steel plate or air bag on the top of the similar material model, lower the hydraulic rod to provide the upper load, and apply loads on both sides of the model according to the experimental requirements;

[0042] S4. Place sensors in the model to monitor stress and displacement changes;

[0043] S5. Lift the hydraulic rod in the area to be impacted and install the impact ball and / or impact plate according to the experimental requirements;

[0044] S6. Calculate the impact load required for the model, connect the energy storage impact device to the computer via a data cable, and control the impact value of the electromagnetic spring via the computer;

[0045] S7. Simulate the impact caused by the explosion and monitor the impact effect through sensors.

[0046] Preferably, in step S4, the loading value of the impact load is monitored by sensors laid in the model, and multiple impact loadings may be performed if the requirement is not met.

[0047] Preferably, step S5 specifically includes, when similar materials are laid and it is necessary to simulate blasting impact, the hydraulic rod needs to be retracted upwards, and a steel ball is installed at the bottom of the energy storage spring to ensure point contact of the impact load. If surface contact is required, an impact plate can be externally connected to the bottom of the steel ball to achieve impact over a large area. Further preferably, in step S5, the step of retracting the upper hydraulic rod upwards includes simultaneously retracting multiple upper hydraulic rods (adjacent or spaced apart), using a computer to control the electromagnetic springs corresponding to the multiple upper hydraulic rods retracted upwards, and using the electromagnetic springs corresponding to the multiple upper hydraulic rods to perform multi-point blasting impact simulation; preferably, when performing multi-point blasting impact simulation, the impact value of each electromagnetic spring corresponding to the multiple upper hydraulic rods can be the same as or different from the impact value of other electromagnetic springs corresponding to the multiple upper hydraulic rods.

[0048] Preferably, step S6 specifically includes calculating the impact load to be applied in a computer, selecting a position for impact loading, and performing impact simulation using an electromagnetic spring.

[0049] Further preferably, when an energy storage impact device including an electromagnetic spring is also installed on the lateral pressurizing device, the lateral energy storage impact and the energy storage impact of the top electromagnetic spring can be carried out simultaneously to simulate multi-point blasting impacts at different positions and orientations.

[0050] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable blasting impact experimental device based on electromagnetic spring, It is characterized in that The controllable blasting impact experimental device comprises a test bench frame, a loading device, an energy storage impact device and a similar material model; wherein the test bench frame comprises a bottom bracket, a left column, a right column and a top bracket installed on the upper part of the left column and the right column; the loading device comprises a lateral pressure device and an upper hydraulic rod; the energy storage impact device comprises an electromagnetic spring and an electromagnetic control display externally connected to the electromagnetic spring, a power supply, an electromagnetic wire, and a sensor 1, wherein the energy storage impact device is connected to a computer, wherein the signal input end of the electromagnetic control display is connected to a computer sensor control device through a signal line to adjust the size and direction of the elastic force of the electromagnetic spring; the loading device is installed on the test bench frame and is used to load the similar material model installed in the test bench frame; The electromagnetic spring is installed on the upper hydraulic rod, and the impact value of the electromagnetic spring can be accurately controlled by an external computer. Under normal conditions, the upper electromagnetic spring is in a contracted state, and provides an upper load to the similar material model under the action of the upper hydraulic rod. When impact simulation is required, the upper hydraulic rod of the area to be impacted is lifted, and then an impact ball and / or impact plate are installed according to experimental requirements, and the impact value of the electromagnetic spring is controlled by a computer, and the electromagnetic spring with stored energy is released to simulate the impact caused by the explosion; There are multiple upper hydraulic rods, and when performing blasting impact simulation, electromagnetic springs corresponding to the multiple upper hydraulic rods can be used to perform multi-point blasting impact simulation.

2. The controllable blasting impact experimental device based on electromagnetic spring as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The upper hydraulic rod can be retracted and extended. When the similar material model is too low, the upper hydraulic rod can be extended downward to lay a steel plate or a flexible loading airbag on the top of the similar material model. The upper hydraulic rod provides downward pressure to the similar material model in the initial state to simulate ground stress.

3. The controllable blasting impact experimental device based on electromagnetic spring as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that It also includes electromagnetic spring fixing devices on the left and right sides. The upper parts of the electromagnetic spring fixing devices on the left and right sides are both installed on the top bracket, and the lower parts are connected to the upper hydraulic rod to fix the electromagnetic spring.

4. The controllable blasting impact experimental device based on electromagnetic spring as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that A second sensor is also arranged inside the similar material model to monitor stress and displacement changes.

5. A method for using the electromagnetic spring-based controllable blasting impact experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that The specific steps of this method are: S1. Select and proportion similar materials according to the geological conditions and drilling data of the studied mining area; S2. According to the principle of similarity, similar materials are laid in similar material models; S3. Lay a steel plate or a flexible loading airbag on the top of the similar material model, lower the upper hydraulic rod to provide the upper load, and apply loads on both sides of the similar material model according to the experimental requirements; S4. Arrange a second sensor in the similar material model to monitor stress and displacement changes; S5. Lift the upper hydraulic rod of the area to be impacted, and install the impact ball and / or impact plate according to the experimental requirements; S6. Calculate the impact load required for the similar material model, connect the energy storage impact device to the computer via a data cable, and control the impact value of the electromagnetic spring through the computer, specifically, calculate the impact load to be applied in the computer, select the impact loading position, and use the electromagnetic spring to impact; S7. Simulate the impact caused by the explosion and monitor the impact effect through the above-mentioned sensor 2.

6. The method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that In step S4, the load value of the impact load is monitored by the second sensor laid in the similar material model. If the value does not meet the requirement, multiple impact loads are performed.

7. The method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that Step S5 specifically includes, after similar materials are laid, when it is necessary to simulate blasting impact, retract the upper hydraulic rod upwards and install a steel ball at the bottom of the energy storage spring to ensure point contact of the impact load. If surface contact is required, an impact plate is externally connected to the bottom of the steel ball to achieve impact over a large area.

8. The method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The step of retracting the upper hydraulic rod upwards includes retracting multiple upper hydraulic rods upwards at the same time, using a computer to control the electromagnetic springs corresponding to the multiple upper hydraulic rods retracted upwards, and using the electromagnetic springs corresponding to the multiple upper hydraulic rods to perform multi-point blasting impact simulation.

9. The method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that When performing multi-point blasting impact simulation, the impact value of each electromagnetic spring corresponding to the plurality of upper hydraulic rods is the same as or different from the impact values ​​of other electromagnetic springs corresponding to the plurality of upper hydraulic rods.

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