Electronic device for distance measurement by using ultra wide band and operating method thereof

Abstract

A method of a first apparatus for ranging by using ultra-wideband (UWB) and the first apparatus are provided. The method of the first apparatus includes ranging with a second apparatus in a first ranging cycle among a plurality of ranging cycles included in a first ranging block, determining whether to hop based on a result of the ranging, when it is determined to hop, determining an index of a second ranging cycle for ranging with the second apparatus based on a random number generation function, and ranging with the second apparatus in the second ranging cycle of a second ranging block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an electronic device and a method of operating thereof for ranging using ultra-wideband (UWB) communication technology. Background Technology

[0002] The internet is evolving from a human-centric network of connections where humans create and consume information into an Internet of Things (IoT) network where information is exchanged and processed between distributed components, such as things. Big data processing technologies combined with IoT technologies, forming the Internet of Everything (IoE), are also emerging. To realize the IoT, technological elements are required, such as detection technologies, wired / wireless communication and network infrastructure, service interface technologies, and security technologies. In recent years, technologies for connecting things, such as sensor networks, machine-to-machine (M2M), and machine-type communication (MTC), have been researched.

[0003] In the IoT environment, intelligent Internet of Things (IoT) technologies (IT) can be used to collect and analyze data from connected objects to create new value in human life. With the convergence and integration of existing IT technologies and various industries, IoT is applicable to areas such as smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart or connected cars, smart grids, healthcare, smart appliances, and advanced medical services.

[0004] With the development of wireless communication systems, various services can be provided, thus requiring an efficient method for delivering these services. For example, ranging techniques used to measure the distance between electronic devices using ultra-wideband (UWB) can be used for media access control (MAC). UWB is a radio communication technology that uses a very wide frequency band of several gigahertz (GHz) or higher in the baseband without using a radio carrier.

[0005] The above information is presented as background information only to assist in understanding this disclosure. It has not been determined or stated whether anything above could be used as prior art with respect to this disclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical solutions

[0007] A method and a first apparatus for ranging using ultra-wideband (UWB) are provided. The method of the first apparatus includes: ranging with a second device in a first ranging cycle of a plurality of ranging cycles included in a first ranging block; determining whether to perform a jump based on the result of the ranging; when it is determined that a jump should be performed, determining an index of a second ranging cycle for ranging with the second device based on a random number generation function; and ranging with the second device in a second ranging cycle of the second ranging block. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0009] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating a general device-to-device (D2D) communication process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a communication process between multiple electronic devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 3 An example of one-sided two-way ranging (SS-TWR) using a ranging control frame is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 4 The configuration of a ranging block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0013] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating a block-based pattern according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 6 This is a timing diagram of a block-based pattern according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the allocation of ranging time slots with different transmission offsets according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the jump in ranging according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 9A and Figure 9B This is a diagram illustrating the concepts of transmission offset and cyclic transition according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of an operation method of a first device for ranging using ultra-wideband (UWB) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 11 This is a table illustrating a subsequent ranging loop derived from a random number generation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating the configuration of information regarding ranging control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating the configuration of information regarding the ranging cycle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of an operation method of a second device for ranging using UWB, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 15A and Figure 15B This is a graph showing the ranging success rate when ranging is performed according to the determined index of the skip ranging cycle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 16A and Figure 16B This is a graph showing the ranging success rate when ranging is performed according to the determined index of the skip ranging cycle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 17A and Figure 17B This is a graph showing the ranging success rate when ranging is performed according to the determined index of the skip ranging cycle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 18 This is a block diagram of the control unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 19 This is a block diagram of a controlled party according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 20 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals will be understood to refer to the same parts, components, and structures. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The aspects of this disclosure will address at least the problems and / or disadvantages mentioned above and provide at least the advantages described below. Therefore, one aspect of this disclosure is to provide a hopping sequence for ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging.

[0031] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of the embodiments presented.

[0032] According to an aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided for a first device to perform ranging using ultra-wideband (UWB). The method of operating the first device includes: performing ranging with a second device in a first ranging cycle of a plurality of ranging cycles included in a first ranging block; determining whether to perform a jump based on the result of the ranging; when it is determined that a jump is to be performed, determining an index of a second ranging cycle for ranging with the second device based on a random number generation function; and performing ranging with the second device in the second ranging cycle of the second ranging block, wherein the index of the first ranging cycle and the index of the second ranging cycle may be different values.

[0033] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided for a second device to perform ranging using UWB. The method of operating the second device includes: performing ranging with a first device in a first ranging cycle of a plurality of ranging cycles included in a first ranging block; determining whether to perform a jump based on at least one of the result of the ranging operation or information about the ranging cycle received from the first device; when it is determined that a jump should be performed, determining an index of a second ranging cycle for ranging with the first device based on a random number generation function; and performing ranging with the first device in the second ranging cycle of the second ranging block. The index of the first ranging cycle and the index of the second ranging cycle may be different values.

[0034] Other aspects, advantages, and distinctive features of this disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which disclose various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0035] The method of the present invention

[0036] The following description, provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, is intended to assist in a full understanding of the various embodiments of this disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. It includes various specific details to aid in understanding, but these details are merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the various embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and brevity.

[0037] The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to their literal meaning, but are merely used by the inventors to enable a clear and consistent understanding of this disclosure. Therefore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of various embodiments of this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0038] It should be understood that, unless the context clearly specifies otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” also include plural references. Thus, for example, a reference to “component surface” includes a reference to one or more of such surfaces.

[0039] In this disclosure, widely used general terms are selected based on the functionality of this disclosure, but various other terms may be selected based on the intent of those skilled in the art, precedents, or new technologies. Therefore, the terms used herein should not be defined based on their names, but rather on their meanings and the entire context of this disclosure.

[0040] Terms such as "first" and "second" can be used to describe various components, but such components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another.

[0041] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing certain embodiments of this disclosure only and is not intended to limit the disclosure. As used herein, singular expressions are intended to include plural forms as well, unless the context clearly specifies otherwise. Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as “connected” to another element, it should be understood to include that the element being “directly connected” to the other element or, in the case of another element in between, being “electrically connected” to the other element. It should be understood that when an element is referred to as “comprising” another element, unless otherwise mentioned, that element may further include other elements.

[0042] Throughout this disclosure, the expression "at least one of a, b, or c" indicates only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof.

[0043] Examples of terminals may include user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), cellular phone, smartphone, computer, multimedia system capable of communication functions, etc.

[0044] In this disclosure, the controller may also be referred to as a processor.

[0045] Throughout this specification, a layer (or layer device) may also be referred to as an entity.

[0046] As used herein, the term "the" and similar designations can be used to indicate both the singular and plural forms. When there is no description explicitly specifying the order of operations of a method according to an embodiment of this disclosure, operations may be performed in an appropriate order. This disclosure is not limited to the described order of operations.

[0047] The use of phrases such as "in the embodiments" appearing in various parts of this specification is not intended to refer to the same embodiment.

[0048] Embodiments of this disclosure can be configured with functional blocks and represented by various operations. Some or all of the functional blocks can be implemented by various numbers of hardware and / or software configurations for performing certain functions. For example, the functional blocks of this disclosure can be implemented by one or more microprocessors or by circuit configurations for specific functions. For example, the functional blocks of this disclosure can be implemented in various programming or scripting languages. The functional blocks can be implemented in algorithms executed by one or more processors. In this disclosure, prior art can be employed for electronic configuration, signal processing, and / or data processing.

[0049] Furthermore, the lines or components of the connecting elements shown in the accompanying drawings merely illustrate functional connections and / or physical or electrical connections. In actual devices, connections between components can be represented by various functional connections, physical connections, or alternative or additional electrical connections.

[0050] Generally, wireless sensor network technologies are mainly divided into Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) and Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) based on the identified distance. In this context, WLANs are IEEE 802.11-based technologies used to connect to backbone networks within a 100m radius. WPANs are IEEE 802.15-based technologies, and examples include Bluetooth, ZigBee, and Ultra-Wideband (UWB). Wireless networks implementing this technology can include multiple communication electronic devices. In this scenario, multiple communication electronic devices use a single channel to establish communication during an activity cycle. For example, multiple communication electronic devices can collect and transmit packets during an activity cycle.

[0051] UWB can refer to a short-range, high-speed radio communication technology that uses a wide bandwidth of several GHz or higher, low spectral density, and short pulse width (1 to 4 nanoseconds) in baseband mode. UWB can be understood as the frequency band in which UWB communication is applied. The ranging method between electronic devices will now be described based on UWB communication methods, but the UWB communication method is only an example, and various radio communication technologies can be used in practice.

[0052] Electronic devices according to embodiments of this disclosure may include fixed user equipment (UE) embodied as a computer device or mobile UE, and may communicate with other devices and / or servers using wireless or wired communication methods. For example, electronic devices may include, but are not limited to, smartphones, mobile terminals, laptop computers, digital broadcasting terminals, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), navigation devices, or tablet PCs, digital televisions (TVs), desktop computers, refrigerators, projectors, automobiles, smart cars, printers, etc.

[0053] The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating a general device-to-device (D2D) communication process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] D2D communication refers to the way that geographically adjacent electronic devices communicate directly with each other without going through infrastructure such as base stations.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 Electronic devices can communicate in a one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many manner. In D2D communication, unlicensed frequency bands, such as Wi-Fi Direct and Bluetooth, can be used. Alternatively, licensed frequency bands can be used in D2D communication to improve the frequency utilization efficiency of cellular systems. Although D2D communication is used in a limited way to refer to M2M communication or machine-to-machine communication, in this disclosure, D2D communication is intended to refer not only to communication between electronic devices with communication capabilities, but also to communication between various types of electronic devices with communication capabilities, such as smartphones or personal computers.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a communication process between multiple electronic devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0058] Reference Figure 2 The first electronic device 201 and the second electronic device 202 can establish communication through the device discovery process 203, the link generation process 204 and the data communication process 205.

[0059] In the device discovery process 203, each of the first electronic device 201 and the second electronic device 202 can search for other electronic devices capable of establishing D2D communication among neighboring electronic devices. Therefore, each of the first electronic device 201 and the second electronic device 202 can determine whether to create a link for D2D communication. For example, the first electronic device 201 can send a discovery signal to the second electronic device 202, enabling the second electronic device 202 to search for the first electronic device 201. Furthermore, the first electronic device 201 can receive the discovery signal sent from the second electronic device 202 to identify other electronic devices capable of establishing D2D communication within the D2D communication range.

[0060] In the link generation process 204, each of the first electronic device 201 and the second electronic device 202 can create a link for data transmission with the electronic device that will transmit data among the electronic devices searched in the device discovery process 203. For example, the first electronic device 201 can create a link for data transmission with the second electronic device 202 searched in the device discovery process 203.

[0061] In data communication process 205, each of the first electronic device 201 and the second electronic device 202 can transmit data to and receive data from a device that has created a link for data transmission in link generation process 204. For example, the first electronic device 201 can send data to and receive data from the second electronic device 202 via the link created in link generation process 204.

[0062] Various embodiments of this disclosure relate to Media Access Control (MAC) based on the aforementioned D2D communication, and require measuring the distance between electronic devices used for MAC. In this case, UWB ranging technology can be used to measure the distance between the electronic devices. For example, when a vehicle door is opened or closed using a digital key stored in a smartphone, the vehicle can use several UWB communication modules (e.g., six UWB communication modules) to measure the distance between the smartphone and the vehicle and estimate the location of the smartphone based on the measurement results. The vehicle and the smartphone can use multicast ranging or broadcast ranging.

[0063] The electronic device according to embodiments of this disclosure can use a ranging control frame to perform ranging. Two types of devices related to ranging control can be referred to as "controller 100" and "controlled party 200".

[0064] First, the controller 100 can be defined as a device that defines and controls ranging parameters by transmitting ranging control frames along with ranging control information elements (IEs). The ranging control frames are used to set the ranging parameters.

[0065] The controlled party 200 can be defined as a device that uses ranging parameters received from the controlling party 100. At least one controlled party 200 can be managed by the controlling party 100. The methods for determining the role of the device (e.g., the role of the controlling party or the role of the controlled party) and selecting the ranging parameters can be implemented in various ways.

[0066] The two types of devices used for ranging control can be referred to as "initiators" and "responders." An initiator is a device that starts ranging by sending polls. A responder is a device that responds to polls received from the initiator.

[0067] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the controller 100 can determine the devices and device types participating in ranging by using a ranging initiator / responder list (IRL) IE or a ranging scheduler (RS) IE. The IRL IE and RS IE can be transmitted in a ranging control frame. In the case of schedule-based ranging, the RS IE can be configured by the controller 100 to manage resources and indicate the role of the devices (i.e., the role of an initiator or responder). When the RS IE is not used in the case of contention-based ranging, the IRL IE can be used to determine the role of the devices.

[0068] The scheduling mode field of the ranging control IE indicates whether contention or scheduling is used to transmit ranging frames. Devices not specified by this IE cannot participate in ranging. When a device needs to transmit polling frames, the device type can be determined as an initiator, and the device responding to the polling frames can be determined as a responder.

[0069] In the case of contention-based multicast / broadcast ranging, the controller 100 can be the sole initiator in ranging and prevents the addition of an IRL IE to the ranging control frame when a responder is specified in the destination address field included in the MAC header of the ranging control frame.

[0070] Because the ranging control frame includes either an IRL IE or an RS IE, the controlled party 200 can identify whether to transmit polling by receiving the ranging control frame. When the device type of the controlled party 200 is specified as an initiator in an IRL IE or RS IE, the controlled party 200 can transmit polling frames. Both the controlling party 100 and the controlled party 200 can act as either an initiator or a responder.

[0071] Figure 3 An example of single-sided two-way ranging (SS-TWR) using a ranging control frame is shown. SS-TWR is one of various ranging methods introduced according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0072] Reference Figure 3 ,like Figure 3 As shown in flowchart 301, when the controller 100 is set to transmit polling frames, the controller 100 can act as an initiator and transmit polling frames. On the other hand, as... Figure 3 As shown in flowchart 302, when the controlled party 200 is set to transmit polling frames, the controlled party 200 can act as an initiator and transmit polling frames.

[0073] The ranging control frame may include a ranging confirmation IE indicating the ranging response type. Multiple controlled parties can be used for multicast / broadcast / M2M ranging.

[0074] The apparatus according to embodiments of the present disclosure can perform distance measurement in units of distance measuring blocks.

[0075] Ranging blocks represent virtual time frames used for ranging. Each ranging block consists of several ranging cycles. Each ranging cycle indicates the completion of all ranging events between ranging devices in the UWB network. Each ranging cycle consists of several ranging time slots. A ranging time slot represents a virtual time unit used to transmit ranging frames. Ranging blocks, ranging cycles, and ranging time slots are based on virtual time, therefore time-based synchronization is not required.

[0076] Figure 4 The configuration of a ranging block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0077] Reference Figure 4 The ranging block 410 may include N ranging cycles 421, 422, 423, 424 and 425. The ranging cycle 421 may include M ranging time slots 431, 432, 433 and 434.

[0078] The time unit (TU) is defined as the minimum MAC time operation in units of PHY. The ranging slot length is defined as an integer number of TUs. The ranging slot length can be adjusted by a multiplier of TU. TU is fixed at 250 μs, which is an integer multiple of the reciprocal of the chip rate of 499.2 MHz. The ranging cycle is defined as an integer number of ranging slots. The duration of the ranging cycle can be adjusted by a multiplier of the ranging slot. The ranging block length is defined as an integer multiple of MinimumBlockLength. The ranging block length can be adjusted by a multiplier of MinimumblockLength. MinimumBlockLength is defined as an integer number of TUs.

[0079] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, two types of ranging modes (i.e., interval-based mode and block-based mode) can be used for access control. A strict time structure is used in block-based mode, but not in interval-based mode. The controller 100 can select one of the modes and specify the selected mode by using a time structure indicator for the ranging control IE.

[0080] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating a block-based pattern according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] Reference Figure 5 In block-based mode, a ranging block structure using a timeline is used, with the time interval set at specific intervals.

[0082] In block-based mode, the ranging block structure can be determined based on the ranging block length field, ranging cycle duration field, and ranging time slot length included in the information about ranging control. The following will refer to... Figure 12Information regarding ranging control is described below. For ease of description, this information will be referred to as a ranging control information element. In embodiments of this disclosure, the ranging control information may be an advanced ranging control information element.

[0083] Equation 1 below is used to calculate the duration of the ranging loop from the ranging block with index '0' to the ranging loop with index '1' in the kth session.

[0084] [Equation 1]

[0085]

[0086] Equation 2 below is used to derive the number of ranging cycles included in the ranging block.

[0087] [Equation 2]

[0088]

[0089] Equation 3 below is used to derive the number of ranging time slots included in the ranging cycle.

[0090] [Equation 3]

[0091]

[0092] When the device receives a ranging control message (RCM), it can set the structure of the ranging block and the relevant timeline for ranging by using the field values ​​included in the ranging control information element. In another embodiment of this disclosure, the ranging block structure can be set by the next higher layer.

[0093] The controller can repeatedly transmit the ranging block structure in all ranging control messages. When it is necessary to change or update the ranging block structure, the controller can transmit a ranging block update IE (RBU IE) that includes fields related to the updating of the ranging block.

[0094] The following will refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 Describe the configuration of the ranging blocks. Based on the first ranging block, the indexes of the ranging blocks can be set to increase sequentially. In this case, as an example, the block index of the first ranging block can be 0, and the block index of the ranging blocks can be set to increase by one.

[0095] Furthermore, based on the first ranging cycle in the ranging block, the index of the ranging cycle in each of the ranging blocks can be set to increase sequentially. For example, when there are M ranging cycles in the ranging block, the ranging cycle index of the first ranging cycle in the ranging block can be 0, and the ranging cycle index of the last ranging cycle in the ranging block is M-1.

[0096] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on the first ranging time slot in each ranging cycle, the index of the ranging time slot in each ranging cycle can be set to increase sequentially. In this case, for example, the ranging cycle index of the first ranging cycle can be 0. For example, when there are K ranging time slots in the ranging cycle, the ranging time slot index of the first ranging time slot of the ranging cycle can be 0, and the ranging time slot index of the last ranging time slot of the ranging cycle can be K-1.

[0097] In this case, for example, the controller may transmit the first ranging control message in the first ranging time slot (ranging time slot index '0') of the first ranging cycle (ranging cycle index '0') included in the first ranging block (ranging block index '0').

[0098] In order to exchange ranging messages in the first ranging cycle, the controller can transmit ranging control message packets in the first ranging time slot.

[0099] In this case, the ranging control message may include a ranging cycle (IE) for signaling information about the current ranging block's ranging cycle. References will follow below. Figure 13 Describe the ranging loop (IE).

[0100] Figure 6 This is a timing diagram of a block-based pattern according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0101] Reference Figure 6 This illustrates the ranging cycle included in ranging block N. The ranging cycle comprises several ranging time slots. Ranging frames can be transmitted within these time slots. Furthermore, ranging frames can be transmitted within ranging time slots by setting a transmission offset.

[0102] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the allocation of ranging time slots with different transmission offsets according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0103] Reference Figure 7 In subsequent ranging cycles, the controller can determine to begin transmission within ranging slots assigned different transmission offsets. In this case, the controller can transmit information about the transmission offset to the controlled party through the transmission offset field included in the ranging cycle IE. The transmission offset should be less than the result of subtracting the UWB packet duration from the duration of the ranging slot. The transmission offset can be expressed as a multiple of the ranging scheduling time unit (RSTU). All packets within the same ranging cycle should be transmitted with the same transmission offset.

[0104] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the jump in ranging according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0105] In UWB-based ranging, a jump can be understood as ranging in a predetermined loop when ranging in the existing ranging loop used between devices is inappropriate. In this case, for example, the jump sequence used for the jump can be pre-stored in the device.

[0106] For ease of description, Figure 8 The description states that RDEV1 represents the first device, while RDEV2 represents the second device.

[0107] Reference Figure 8 In block 0, 800, the first device and the second device use loop 0, 801, as the ranging loop. In this case, the first device can perform ranging on the second device in loop 0, 801. In this case, the current value of the transition mode can be 0.

[0108] In this scenario, when the distance measurement between the first and second devices is successful in loop 0 801, both devices can continue to use the same distance measurement loop in subsequent distance measurement blocks. For example, if distance measurement loop m is used in the nth distance measurement block, it can also be used in the (n+1)th distance measurement block. (See reference...) Figure 8 Even in the first block 810, the first and second devices can use the 0th cycle 811 to perform distance measurement.

[0109] Reference Figure 8 Since the first and second devices have successfully performed ranging in cycle 0 801, ranging is also performed by the first block 810 using cycle 0 811. In this case, the first device cannot perform ranging on the second device in cycle 0 811. In this case, the value of the jump mode can be changed to 1.

[0110] Because the first device changes the value of the switching mode to 1 and transmits the changed value to the second device, the first and second devices can switch modes. For example, the first device can be the controller, and the second device can be the controlled device. When the first and second devices are performing ranging on the second block 820, ranging cycle switching can be performed.

[0111] In the second block 820, the first and second devices can perform ranging in the first loop 822 instead of the 0th loop based on the result of the jump. For example, when the first and second devices use the m-th ranging loop m in the n-th ranging block, they can use the k-th ranging loop (k≠m) in the (n+1)-th ranging block. When ranging is successful in the first loop 822, the value of the jump mode can be changed to 0. Since the first device changes the value of the jump mode to 0 and transmits the changed value of the jump mode to the second device, the first and second devices can perform ranging in a set of ranging loops. Therefore, refer to... Figure 8 Even in the third 830, ranging can be performed in the first cycle.

[0112] Figure 9A and Figure 9B This is a diagram illustrating the concepts of transmission offset and cyclic transition according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0113] Reference Figure 9A The same ranging cycle j and the same transmission offset s are used in ranging block N and ranging block (N+1).

[0114] Reference Figure 9B In range measuring block N, range measuring loop j is used, while in range measuring block (N+1), range measuring loop k is used via a jump. Separate from the jump, in Figure 9B In the range measurement block N, the transmission offset s is used, while in the range measurement block (N+1), the transmission offset 0 is used.

[0115] In the ranging loop assigned to the ranging block, the controller can configure the ranging loop by transmitting ranging control messages (RCMs) along with the ranging control IE and the ranging loop IE. In this case, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the ranging control IE may have... Figure 12 The ranging IE shown has the same structure. According to embodiments of this disclosure, the ranging loop IE can have the following structure: Figure 13 The structure is shown in the diagram. Higher layers of the control unit can select at least one of a jump mode or a transmission offset for use in the ranging loop of subsequent ranging blocks.

[0116] When the control party transmits the final message scheduled in the current ranging cycle of ranging block i to the controlled party, the control party can transmit the ranging cycle IE in the last message of the current ranging cycle to signal whether to jump from the ranging cycle of ranging block (i+1), which is the subsequent ranging block, to another cycle. The ranging cycle IE may include the ranging block index field and the ranging cycle index field of the current ranging block, as well as the jump mode field and the transmission offset field for the ranging cycle of the subsequent ranging block. References will follow below. Figure 13 Provide a more detailed description.

[0117] After the controlled party receives the ranging loop IE in the last message of the ranging message sequence, the higher layers of the controlled party can use the indicated ranging loop in subsequent ranging blocks.

[0118] When the controlled party fails to receive the ranging loop IE in the final message or RCM due to an interference event, it can enable a transition mode in a subsequent ranging block. In this case, the controlled party can use a new ranging loop determined by the new transition mode, the subsequent ranging block index, and the transition sequence to perform ranging.

[0119] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of an operation method of a first device for ranging using UWB according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0120] Reference Figure 10 The following describes the operation of each of the controller 100 and the controlled party 200 according to embodiments of the present disclosure. When ranging is performed between two electronic devices, one of the two electronic devices may act as the controller and the other as the controlled party. Thus, the controller may be referred to as the first device and the controlled party may be referred to as the second device. Alternatively, one of the two electronic devices may act as an initiator and the other as a responder.

[0121] As used herein, a ranging session can refer to a set of devices involved in a continuous ranging process characterized by a specific set of initial parameters. A ranging session should include one controller and one or more initiators. In this case, only the controller can configure the initial ranging parameters. Furthermore, only the controller can update the ranging parameters during the ranging session.

[0122] As used herein, the first ranging block may refer to the current ranging block in which the first and second devices perform or attempt to perform ranging.

[0123] The second ranging block can refer to a ranging block that follows the first ranging block. For example, the first and second devices can perform ranging in the first ranging block and then in the second ranging block. The second ranging block can be a ranging block that immediately follows the first ranging block. However, the second ranging block should be understood to refer to a ranging block that arrives after the first ranging block, and is not limited to the above example. As described above, the second ranging block can correspond to a ranging block index that is greater than the index of the first ranging block.

[0124] As used herein, the first and second devices can perform ranging in a first ranging loop within a first ranging block. The first ranging loop is the loop in which ranging is currently in progress and can refer to a ranging loop set prior to the transition. In this case, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the first ranging loop can correspond to the m-th ranging loop included in the first ranging block. Based on the above example, assuming the index of the first ranging loop is 0, the first and second devices can perform ranging in the ranging loop corresponding to index (m-1) in the first ranging block.

[0125] In this specification, when a jump occurs, the first and second devices can perform ranging within a jumping loop. The second ranging loop can refer to a specific ranging loop during the jump, thus determining which ranging block will be used for ranging after the second ranging block. In embodiments of this disclosure, the second ranging loop can refer to the k-th ranging loop included in the second ranging block. Based on the above example, assuming the index of the first ranging loop is 0, the first and second devices can perform ranging within the ranging loop corresponding to index (k-1) in the second ranging block. In this case, m and k are merely examples of different values. Furthermore, the index corresponding to the first ranging loop and the index corresponding to the second ranging loop are different values.

[0126] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the first device can perform distance measurement with the second device based on a block-based mode.

[0127] Reference Figure 10 In operation S1010, the first device may perform distance measurement with the second device in the first ranging cycle of the plurality of ranging cycles included in the first ranging block. In embodiments of this disclosure, the first device may perform distance measurement with the second device in the m-th ranging cycle of the plurality of ranging cycles included in the first ranging block.

[0128] As used herein, “performing ranging” can be understood to refer only to the transmission of the ranging frame RFRAME. For example, “performing ranging” should be understood to include cases where ranging fails because the first device does not receive a response from the second device. For example, “performing ranging” does not refer to the output of a ranging result value, but should be understood to mean that the control party transmits the ranging frame regardless of whether the ranging fails or succeeds.

[0129] In operation S1020, the first device can determine whether to perform a jump based on the result of the ranging.

[0130] In embodiments of this disclosure, determining whether to perform a transition based on the ranging result may include: determining that a transition is to be performed when the first device does not receive a response from the second device in the first ranging cycle. Furthermore, when the first device receives a response from the second device in the first ranging cycle, it may be determined that the first ranging cycle, as a preset ranging cycle, will continue to be used.

[0131] In another embodiment of this disclosure, determining whether to perform a jump based on the ranging result may include: the first device determining whether a jump should be performed based on the interference level of the first ranging cycle. For example, to determine whether ranging is appropriate for the current ranging cycle, the first device may identify whether the interference level of the current ranging cycle is less than or equal to a reference value.

[0132] For example, when the interference level is less than or equal to the reference value, the first device can determine to continue using the first ranging cycle as a preset ranging cycle. As another example, when the interference level is greater than the reference value, the first device can determine to perform a jump.

[0133] In another embodiment of this disclosure, the first device may determine whether to trigger the switching function based on the number of responses received from the second device.

[0134] In operation S1030, when the first device determines that a transition is to be performed, the index of the second ranging cycle used for ranging with the second device can be determined based on a random number generation function. In embodiments of this disclosure, when the first device determines that a transition is to be performed, the index of the ranging cycle used for ranging with the second device can be changed to (k-1) based on a random number generation function.

[0135] In embodiments of this disclosure, determining the index of the second ranging cycle may include: determining the index of the second ranging cycle based on the result value of a random number generation function calculated according to the index corresponding to the second ranging block and the value of the jump key of the ranging session.

[0136] In this specification, a hopping key can be understood as a key used when performing a hopping sequence. In this case, hopping keys can be generated differently for each session created between the first and second devices. For example, a hopping key generated by the first device for a first session between the first and second devices and a hopping key generated by the first device for a second session between the first and second devices can be the same as or different from each other. Alternatively, hopping keys can be generated differently for each pair of devices (hereinafter referred to as a 'pair'). More specifically, when the first and second devices are defined as a first pair and the third and fourth devices are defined as a second pair, the hopping key for the first pair and the hopping key for the second pair can be the same as or different from each other. In this case, each of the hopping keys can be generated from the initiator and each of the hopping keys can be transmitted to the responder. For the purposes of this disclosure, the initiator will be referred to as the first device, and the responder will be described as the second device.

[0137] In embodiments of this disclosure, the operating method may further include: initiating a ranging session between the first device and the second device; and transmitting a transition key for the ranging session by the first device.

[0138] More specifically, first, a ranging session can be initiated between the first and second devices. Next, the second device can transmit a Ranging Session Request (RS-RQ) message to the first device. The first device can then transmit a Ranging Session Response (RS-RS) message to the second device. When the exchange of the Ranging Session Request and Response messages between the first and second devices is successful, a ranging session can be established via the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) control channel.

[0139] Subsequently, the second device can transmit a Ranging Session Establishment Request (RSS-RQ) message to the first device. After receiving the Ranging Session Establishment Request message from the second device, the first device can determine the structure of the ranging blocks used in the ranging session. More specifically, the first device can determine the number of cycles of blocks to be used in the ranging session. Furthermore, the first device can determine the SYNC code index. Subsequently, the first device can transmit a Ranging Session Establishment Response (RSS-RS) message to the second device.

[0140] In embodiments of this disclosure, the ranging session transition key can be transmitted in a ranging session establishment response (RSS-RS) message transmitted from the first device to the second device.

[0141] In embodiments of this disclosure, the random number generation function may include a hash function. When a hash function is used as the random number generation function, the index 'k' can be determined based on the result of the hash function, which is the sum of the index corresponding to the second ranging block and the value of the transition key of the ranging session. The following equation illustrates a method for determining the index of the second ranging cycle, which is the transition cycle, using a hash function.

[0142] [Equation 4]

[0143] S(i, HoppingKey, N) Round )=(((HASH(i+HoppingKey)&0xFFFF)N Round )>>16)+1

[0144] Here, S represents the index of the second ranging cycle that serves as the transition cycle. i can represent the index of the second ranging block. For example, i can represent the index corresponding to the ranging block that performs the transition. HoppingKey can represent the transition key mentioned above. NRound can represent the number of ranging cycles included in the ranging block.

[0145] For example, a random number generation function may include at least one of Advanced Encryption Standard 128 (AES128), Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1), Message Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5), Cyclic Redundancy Check 32 (CRC32), Linear Congruence Generator (LCG), or Linear Feedback Shift Register. However, the random number generation function is not limited to the functions mentioned above and may include all functions capable of generating various random numbers by increasing entropy. The following equation illustrates a method for determining the index of the second ranging cycle, which serves as the transition cycle, using AES128.

[0146] [Equation 5]

[0147] S(i, HoppingKey, N) Round )=(((AES(i, HoppingKey)&0xFFFF)N Round )>>16)+1

[0148] The parameters in Equation 5 above can be defined as the same as those in Equation 4 above. More specifically, S can represent the index of the second ranging cycle that serves as the transition cycle. i can represent the index corresponding to the second ranging block. HoppingKey can represent the transition key mentioned above. NRound can represent the number of ranging cycles included in the ranging block.

[0149] The following equation illustrates a method for determining the index of the second ranging cycle, which is a transition cycle, using the SHA1 function.

[0150] [Equation 6]

[0151] S(i, HoppingKey, N) Round )=(((SHA1(i+HoppingKey)&0xFFFF)N Round )>>16)+1

[0152] The parameters of Equation 6 can be defined as the same as those of Equations 4 and 5 above.

[0153] In another embodiment of this disclosure, determining the index of the second ranging cycle may include: determining the index of the second ranging cycle based on at least one of the scrambled timestamp sequence (STS) code of a certain time slot (reference time slot) of the first ranging block or the number of ranging cycles included in the ranging block.

[0154] More specifically, according to this embodiment of the present disclosure, the index of the second ranging loop can be derived using the STS of a previous block generated via AES. Since the security of the index of the jump loop is not critical, the previously generated STS code can be used.

[0155] Referring to the following equation, based on the STS code of a time slot of the first ranging block with index (i-1), the index of the second ranging cycle of the second ranging block with index i can be obtained.

[0156] [Equation 7]

[0157] S(i, N) Round )=(((ReferenceSlotSTS(i-1)&0xFFFF)N Round )>>16)+1

[0158] Here, S represents the index of the second ranging loop, which serves as the transition loop. i can represent the index corresponding to the second ranging block. NRound can represent the number of ranging loops included in the ranging block.

[0159] In embodiments of this disclosure, when the second ranging block is the i-th block, the index of the first ranging block, which includes a certain time slot (reference time slot), can refer to the (i-1)-th block. In this case, the first ranging block should be understood as referring to the block used to identify the second ranging block, and therefore is not determined based on whether the ranging was successful or failed.

[0160] In embodiments of this disclosure, a time slot (reference time slot) may be the first or last time slot of the first block. However, a time slot is not limited to this, and the time slot in which the STS code of the first block was previously generated may be used as a time slot.

[0161] In embodiments of this disclosure, when the first device determines that a transition needs to be performed, information about the ranging cycle is transmitted to the second device so that the first device can instruct the second device to perform the transition in the second ranging block. For example, the ranging cycle (IE) and the ranging control (IE) can be transmitted in the ranging control message. Reference will be made below. Figure 13 Information about the ranging cycle is described below, and will be referenced in the following text. Figure 12 Describe the distance measurement control IE.

[0162] In operation S1040, the first device can perform distance measurement with the second device in the second distance measurement cycle of the second distance measuring block. For example, the first device can perform distance measurement with the second device in the k-th distance measurement cycle of the second distance measuring block.

[0163] Figure 11 This is a table illustrating a subsequent ranging loop derived from a random number generation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0164] More specifically, see reference Figure 11 This illustrates the result obtained in operation S1030 by calculating the index of the transition loop using SHA1, which is an example of the random number generation function of this disclosure. In this case, 0×ABCD is used as the transition key HOP_Key_RW, and 10 is used as the number of ranging loops NRound included in the ranging block, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. Referring to the table, when the index corresponding to the second ranging block is 1, it can be understood that the loop with index 6 can be used as the ranging loop in the second ranging block with index 1.

[0165] Reference Figure 11 The various indices of the jump loop are derived based on the index i corresponding to the second ranging block. Therefore, when using a ranging loop with the same index as another pair, the probability of ranging failure can be reduced. See below for further details. Figures 15A to 17B Provide a more detailed description.

[0166] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating the configuration of information regarding ranging control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0167] The controller can use the ranging control IE to transmit ranging configuration information to one controlled party (in a unicast frame) or multiple controlled parties (in a broadcast frame).

[0168] Reference Figure 12 The ranging control IE can include a multi-node mode field. The value of the multi-node mode field can indicate whether the ranging is performed between a pair of individual devices or over a multi-node range including a large number of devices.

[0169] As described above, in embodiments of this disclosure, information regarding ranging control may include information about configuration (such as... Figure 12 The information shown is related to the configuration of the Advanced Ranging Control IE.

[0170] The distance measurement cycle usage field can specify the distance measurement technique and other uses used in the distance measurement cycle.

[0171] The STS grouping configuration field can specify which groups should be subjected to. Figure 12 The ranging control IE restricts the STS grouping format used in the ranging loop.

[0172] The scheduling mode field can specify whether ranging is performed based on scheduling-based ranging or contention-based ranging.

[0173] The Delay Mode field can specify whether delayed frames are allowed for use in measurement reports.

[0174] The time structure indicator field can specify the time structure operation for distance measurement in subsequent distance measurement loops.

[0175] In this context, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the time structure indicator field can indicate whether the ranging is interval-based or block-based. More specifically, when the value of the time structure indicator field indicates a block-based time structure, the ranging cycle information (IE) and the ranging block update IE can be used to control the ranging interval update. When the value of the time structure indicator field indicates an internal time structure, the ranging interval update IE can be used to control the distance interval update.

[0176] The RCM validity cycle field can specify the number of consecutive ranging cycles controlled by the ranging control message (RCM).

[0177] The Multiple Message Receipt Acknowledgment Request (MMRCR) field indicates whether a multiple message receipt acknowledgment request is required.

[0178] The content control field can indicate whether IE's ranging control should include other fields.

[0179] The range block duration field can specify the range block duration based on RSTU.

[0180] The ranging cycle duration field can specify the ranging cycle period based on the ranging time slots. For example, the ranging cycle duration field can specify the number of ranging time slots in the ranging cycle.

[0181] The ranging time slot duration field allows you to specify the ranging time slot duration for each RSTU.

[0182] The Session Identifier (ID) field can include a unique session identifier for each controller's session.

[0183] When the range block structure is subject to the same specified duration as before, one or more interval fields may not be included in the range loop IE. More specifically, when the specified duration remains the same as the previously set information, the current RCM's range loop IE may not include the range block duration field, the range loop duration field, and the range slot duration field.

[0184] However, the configuration of the ranging control IE used in this disclosure is not limited to the above. Figure 12 Configuration.

[0185] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating the configuration of information regarding the ranging cycle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0186] Reference Figure 13 Information about the ranging cycle can be used by the first device to signal the ranging cycle information of the current ranging cycle or the ranging cycle information of the subsequent ranging cycle to the second device, as described above with respect to operation S1030.

[0187] Information about the ranging cycle may include the information described below.

[0188] Information about the ranging cycle may include information about the current ranging cycle (i.e., the ranging cycle of ranging block i). In this case, the information about the ranging cycle can be included in the ranging control message of ranging block i. The information about the ranging cycle transmitted in the ranging control message of the current ranging cycle can be used by the device to synchronize with the block structure. In this specification, the current ranging cycle refers to the first ranging cycle.

[0189] Information about the ranging cycle can include information about subsequent ranging cycles (i.e., the ranging cycle of the subsequent ranging block (i+1)). For example, when the last scheduled message in the current ranging cycle is a message transmitted from the controller to the controlled party, information about the ranging cycle can be transmitted in that message to signal information about the ranging cycle of the subsequent ranging block (i+1).

[0190] In embodiments of this disclosure, the ranging loop (IE) may include a ranging block index field. The ranging block index field may indicate the index of a second ranging block.

[0191] In embodiments of this disclosure, the ranging loop (IE) may include a jump mode field. The jump mode field may indicate the jump mode of a ranging block. More specifically, the jump mode field may indicate the jump mode of a second ranging block. For example, a jump mode value of 0 may indicate no jump, and a jump mode value of 1 may indicate a jump.

[0192] In embodiments of this disclosure, the ranging loop IE may include a loop index field. The loop index field may indicate the ranging loop index of the ranging block.

[0193] In embodiments of this disclosure, the ranging cycle (IE) may include a transmission offset field. The transmission offset field may specify the transmission offset value of the ranging cycle within the block based on the RSTU. The transmission offset is the result of subtracting the packet duration from the maximum ranging time slot interval.

[0194] When the second device receives information about the ranging cycle from the first device, it can perform a transition based on that information. In this case, the first and second devices can pre-set the transition sequence to be used. In this disclosure, Figure 10 The operating method corresponds to the jump sequence; therefore, it can be understood that the first and second devices have pre-set the method for determining the index of the jump cycle as described above. Furthermore, the first and second devices can exchange all the information required to generate the jump sequence.

[0195] However, the configuration of information regarding the ranging cycle used in this disclosure is not limited to the above. Figure 13 The configuration allows information from the first device instructing the second device to make a transition to be used as information about the ranging cycle.

[0196] Figure 14 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of a second device for ranging using UWB according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Details regarding... are omitted here. Figure 14 The operation method and Figure 14 The description of the same part.

[0197] Reference Figure 14 In operation S1410, the second device can perform distance measurement with the first device in the first ranging cycle of the plurality of ranging cycles included in the first ranging block.

[0198] In operation 1420, the second device may determine whether to perform a jump based on at least one of the results of ranging or information about the ranging cycle received from the first device.

[0199] Information about the ranging cycle may include at least one of the following: index information of the second ranging block, index information about the second ranging cycle, or jump mode information. Information about the ranging cycle is as described above. Figure 13 As described, it will not be repeated here.

[0200] For example, determining whether a jump should be performed by the second device may include: identifying jump pattern information included in the information about the ranging cycle. Determining whether a jump should be performed by the second device may further include: determining whether a jump should be performed based on the jump pattern information.

[0201] In another embodiment of this disclosure, determining whether a transition should be performed by the second device may include: determining that a transition is to be performed when the second device does not receive a response from the first device in the first ranging cycle. In this case, for example, the message that the second device did not receive from the first device may be a ranging control message. Alternatively, the message that the second device did not receive from the first device may include information about the ranging cycle.

[0202] As another example, a message that the second device does not receive from the first device could be a response message from the first device to a message transmitted from the second device.

[0203] In operation S1430, when it is determined that a transition is about to occur, the second device can determine the index of the second ranging cycle for ranging with the first device based on a random number generation function.

[0204] In embodiments of this disclosure, determining the index of the second ranging cycle by the second device may include: determining the index of the second ranging cycle based on the result value of a random number generation function calculated according to the index of the second ranging block and the value of the jump key of the ranging session.

[0205] In this case, determining the index of the second ranging cycle by the second device may further include: initiating a ranging session between the first device and the second device; and receiving a transition key for the ranging session from the first device by the second device.

[0206] In embodiments of this disclosure, the random number generation function may include a hash function. The second device may determine the index of the second ranging cycle based on the result of a hash function of the sum of the index of the second ranging block and the value of the transition key of the ranging session.

[0207] In another embodiment of this disclosure, determining the index of the second ranging cycle by the second device may include: determining the index of the second ranging cycle based on at least one of the STS code of a certain time slot of the first ranging block or the number of ranging cycles included in the ranging block.

[0208] Detailed description as above Figure 10 The operation described in S1030 is omitted here.

[0209] In operation S1440, the second device can perform distance measurement with the first device in the second distance measurement cycle of the second distance measuring block.

[0210] Figures 15A to 17B This is a graph showing the ranging success rate when ranging is performed according to the determined index of the skip ranging cycle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0211] For ease of description, the ranging session is established by the first device and the second device, and thus the first device and the second device can be defined as the first pair. Furthermore, the ranging session is established by the third device and the fourth device, and thus the third device and the fourth device can be defined as the second pair.

[0212] For ease of description, the second ranging cycle will be defined and described below as a jump cycle, which refers to the ranging cycle used when it is determined that a jump will be performed.

[0213] Figure 15A and Figure 15B This is a graph illustrating the ranging success rate of each ranging block according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, assuming that a jump key with a fixed value of 1 is assigned to the first and second pairs.

[0214] To ensure a high success rate, 1000 iterations were performed. In this case, the start time of ranging for each of the first and second pairs was randomly set, or the starting loop of ranging was randomly set in each iteration. Figure 15A The ranging success rate is shown when using an index of a jump cycle obtained according to relevant techniques. Figure 15B The ranging success rate is shown when using an index of a jump cycle obtained according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0215] Reference Figure 15A When the index of the jump cycle is obtained according to the relevant technology, the success rate is 20% for a block with index 2 and 50% for a block with index 4. This means that the ranging cycles of the first and second pairs can be set to overlap by several blocks, so each of the first and second pairs will have a lower probability of success in ranging. For example, this means that the jump cycle obtained by the first pair through jumps and the ranging cycle used by the second pair can overlap consecutively. As the value of the block increases, the success rate also increases. This can be understood as meaning that the probability that the indices of the jump cycles used by the first and second pairs will overlap consecutively decreases as the block index increases.

[0216] Reference Figure 15B When obtaining the index of the jump loop according to embodiments of this disclosure, the success rate is approximately 96% for a block with index 1, and 100% for a block with index 2. (See also...) Figure 11This is because when the index of the jump cycle is obtained according to the embodiments of this disclosure, various indices of the jump cycle can be derived for the block. For example, various indices of the jump cycle can be generated for the block by the first pair. Similarly, various indices of the jump cycle can be generated for the block by the second pair. Therefore, the probability that the indexes of the jump cycle generated by the first pair and the indexes of the jump cycle generated by the second pair will overlap is extremely low, thereby achieving a high ranging success rate in a short time.

[0217] Figure 16A and Figure 16B The above is shown Figure 15A and Figure 15B The results are similar to those of the previous ones.

[0218] Figure 16A and Figure 16B This is a graph illustrating the ranging success rate of each ranging block according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, assuming that the same transition key is assigned to the first and second pairs.

[0219] To achieve a high success rate, 100 skip keys were used. Furthermore, 10 iterations were performed for each given key. In this case, the ranging start time or the ranging start loop for each of the first and second pairs was randomly set in each iteration. Figure 16A The ranging success rate is shown when using an index of a jump cycle obtained according to relevant techniques. Figure 16B The ranging success rate is shown when using an index of a jump cycle obtained according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0220] Reference Figure 16A When the index of the jump cycle is obtained according to the relevant technology, the success rate is 60% for the block with index 2 and about 88% for the block with index 4.

[0221] Reference Figure 16B When the index of the jump loop is obtained according to the embodiments of this disclosure, the success rate is about 98% for the block with index 1 and 100% for the block with index 2.

[0222] Figure 17A and Figure 17B The above is shown Figure 15A , Figure 15B , Figure 16A and Figure 16B The results are similar to those of the previous ones.

[0223] Figure 17A and Figure 17BThis diagram illustrates the ranging success rate of each ranging block according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, assuming different jump keys are assigned to the first and second pairs. To obtain the success rate, 100 random jump keys were used. Furthermore, 10 iterations were performed for each given key. In this case, the ranging start time or ranging start cycle of each of the first and second pairs was randomly set in each iteration. Figure 17A The ranging success rate is shown when using an index of a jump cycle obtained according to relevant techniques. Figure 17B The ranging success rate is shown when using an index of a jump cycle obtained according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0224] Reference Figure 17A When the index of the jump cycle is obtained according to the relevant technology, the success rate is 96% for the block with index 1, and about 100% for the block with index 1.

[0225] Reference Figure 17B When the index of the jump loop is obtained according to the embodiments of this disclosure, the success rate is about 97% for the block with index 1 and 100% for the block with index 3.

[0226] When considering Figure 11 and Figures 15A to 17B In this case, by using a jump sequence to obtain the index of the jump ranging cycle according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the probability of ranging failure when each pair uses the same ranging cycle can be greatly reduced. For example... Figure 11 As shown, this is because various indices of the jump ranging cycle can be obtained by increasing entropy. Therefore, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the probability of repeatedly generating the index pattern of the jump ranging cycle for each block is extremely low. Furthermore, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the indices of the generated jump ranging cycles do not overlap discontinuously for several ranging blocks. Therefore, it is possible to increase the probability that each pair will succeed in ranging.

[0227] Figure 18 This is a block diagram of a control unit 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0228] In embodiments of this disclosure, the controller 100 may be a fixed user terminal (UE) or a mobile UE. Examples of the controller 100 may include, but are not limited to, at least one of a smartphone, cellular phone, navigation device, computer, laptop computer, digital broadcast terminal, AI speaker, speaker, personal digital assistant (PDA), portable multimedia player (PMP), or tablet PC. The controller 100 may communicate with other devices and / or servers via a network using wireless or wired communication methods.

[0229] Reference Figure 18The controller 100 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include a communicator 110, a processor 120, and a memory 130. However, the controller 100 may be embodied as including more than Figure 18 All components shown are further components. For example, such as... Figure 20 As shown, the controller 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of a user input device 1100, an output device 1200, a detector 1400, or an audio / video (A / V) input device 1600.

[0230] Despite Figure 18 The controller 100 is shown as including a single processor, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto, and the controller 100 may include multiple processors. At least some operations and functions of the processor 120 described below may be performed by multiple processors. Figure 18 The control unit 100 shown can perform the operation method of the control unit 100 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, and for Figures 3 to 17B The description above applies here. Therefore, the description of the control party 100 as described above is omitted here. Figure 3 and Figure 17B The description is the same as the description.

[0231] The communicator 110 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can establish wired or wireless communication with other devices via a network. For this purpose, the communicator 110 may include a communication module supporting at least one of various wired and wireless communication methods. For example, the communication module may be in the form of a chipset, or it may be a sticker / barcode (e.g., a sticker with a near field communication (NFC) tag) storing information required for communication.

[0232] Wireless communication may include at least one of, for example, cellular communication, Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi Direct, Bluetooth, UWB, or Near Field Communication (NFC). Wired communication may include at least one of, for example, USB or High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI).

[0233] In embodiments of this disclosure, the communicator 110 may include a communication module for short-range communication. For example, the communicator 110 may include a communication module for establishing various short-range communications (such as infrared communication and magnetically secure transmission (MST) communication) as well as the aforementioned UWB, Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi Direct, Bluetooth, and NFC.

[0234] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor 120 controls the overall operation of the controller 100 and may include at least one processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). The processor 120 may control other components included in the controller 100 to perform UWB ranging. The memory 130 may store programs for the processing and control performed by the processor 120, and store data input to or output from the controller 100.

[0235] In embodiments of this disclosure, the processor 120 may perform distance measurement with the second device in the first ranging cycle of a plurality of ranging cycles included in the first ranging block.

[0236] In embodiments of this disclosure, processor 120 may determine whether to perform a hopping based on the results of ranging. For example, processor 120 may determine to perform a hopping when the first device does not receive a response from the second device in the first ranging cycle. As another example, processor 120 may determine to perform a hopping based on the interference level of the first ranging cycle.

[0237] In embodiments of this disclosure, when a transition is determined to occur, processor 120 may determine the index of a second ranging cycle for ranging with the second device based on a random number generation function. For example, processor 120 may determine the index of the second ranging cycle by considering the result of a random number generation function calculated based on the index of the second ranging block and the transition key value of the ranging session. The random number generation function may include a hash function, and processor 120 may determine the index of the second ranging cycle based on the result of a hash function of the sum of the index of the second ranging block and the transition key value of the ranging session. Furthermore, processor 120 may initiate a ranging session between the first and second devices and transmit the transition key of the ranging session.

[0238] In embodiments of this disclosure, processor 120 may determine the index of the second ranging cycle based on at least one of the STS code of a time slot of the first ranging block or the number of ranging cycles included in the ranging block.

[0239] In embodiments of this disclosure, when it is determined that a transition is to be performed, the processor 120 may transmit information about the ranging cycle to the second device to instruct a transition to be performed in the second ranging block.

[0240] In embodiments of this disclosure, the processor 120 may perform distance measurement with the second device in a second ranging loop of the second ranging block. In this case, the index of the first ranging loop and the index of the second ranging loop may be different values.

[0241] The above is about Figures 3 to 17BThe description can be applied to the jump sequence method, which is performed by processor 120, and therefore is omitted in this document.

[0242] Figure 19 This is a block diagram of controlled party 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0243] In embodiments of this disclosure, the controlled party 200 may be a fixed UE or a mobile UE. Examples of the controlled party 200 may include, but are not limited to, at least one of a smartphone, cellular phone, navigation device, computer, laptop computer, digital broadcast terminal, AI speaker, speaker, personal digital assistant (PDA), portable multimedia player (PMP), or tablet PC. The controlled party 200 may communicate with other devices and / or servers via a network using wireless or wired communication methods.

[0244] Reference Figure 19 The controlled party 200 according to embodiments of this disclosure may include a communicator 210, a processor 220, and a memory 230. However, the controlled party 200 may be embodied as including more than Figure 19 All components shown are further components. For example, such as... Figure 20 As shown, according to some embodiments of this disclosure, controlled party 200 may include at least one of user input device 1100, output device 1200, detector 1400, or audio / video (A / V) input device 1600.

[0245] Despite Figure 19 The controlled party 200 is shown as including a single processor, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto, and the controlled party 200 may include multiple processors. At least some operations and functions of the processor 220 described below may be performed by multiple processors. Figure 19 The controlled party 200 shown can perform operating methods according to various embodiments of this disclosure, and... Figures 3 to 17B The description above applies here. Therefore, the description of the controlled party 200 as described above is omitted here. Figure 3 and Figure 17B The description is the same as the description.

[0246] The communicator 210 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can establish wired or wireless communication with other devices via a network. For this purpose, the communicator 210 may include a communication module supporting at least one of various wired and wireless communication methods. For example, the communication module may be in the form of a chipset, or it may be a sticker / barcode (e.g., a sticker with an NFC tag) storing information required for communication.

[0247] Wireless communication may include at least one of, for example, cellular communication, Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi Direct, Bluetooth, UWB, or NFC. Wired communication may include at least one of, for example, USB or High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI).

[0248] In embodiments of this disclosure, the communicator 210 may include a communication module for short-range communication. For example, the communicator 210 may include a communication module for establishing various short-range communications (such as infrared communication and magnetically secure transmission (MST) communication) as well as the aforementioned UWB, Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi Direct, Bluetooth, and NFC.

[0249] According to embodiments of this disclosure, processor 120 controls the overall operation of controlled party 200 and may include at least one processor, such as a CPU or GPU. Processor 220 may control other components included in controlled party 200 to perform UWB ranging. Memory 230 may store programs for processing and control performed by processor 220, and store data input to or output from controlled party 200.

[0250] In embodiments of this disclosure, the processor 220 may perform distance measurement with the first device in the first ranging loop of a plurality of ranging loops included in the first ranging block.

[0251] In embodiments of this disclosure, processor 120 may determine whether to perform a jump based on at least one of the results of ranging or information about a ranging cycle received from the first device.

[0252] In embodiments of this disclosure, the information regarding the ranging cycle may include at least one of the following: index information of the second ranging block, index information regarding the second ranging cycle, or jump mode information. The processor 220 can identify the jump mode information included in the information regarding the ranging cycle and determine whether to perform a jump based on the jump mode information.

[0253] As another example, when the second device does not receive a response from the first device in the first ranging cycle, the processor 220 can determine that a transition should be performed.

[0254] In embodiments of this disclosure, when it is determined that a transition is to be performed, the processor 220 may determine the index of the second ranging cycle for ranging with the first device based on a random number generation function.

[0255] For example, processor 220 can determine the index of the second ranging loop by considering the result of a random number generation function calculated based on the index of the second ranging block and the jump key value of the ranging session.

[0256] The processor 220 can initiate a ranging session between the first device and the second device, and the second device can receive the hopping key of the ranging session from the first device.

[0257] In embodiments of this disclosure, the processor 120 may perform distance measurement with the first device in a second ranging loop of the second ranging block. The index of the first ranging loop and the index of the second ranging loop may be different values.

[0258] The above is for reference only. Figures 3 to 17B The description can be applied to the detailed method of the jump sequence, which is performed by processor 220, and therefore is omitted here.

[0259] Figure 20 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0260] Reference Figure 20 The device 1000 may include and Figure 18 Controlling party 100 and Figure 19 The controlled party has 200 identical components. For example, Figure 20 The controller 1300 in the components shown can be connected with Figure 18 The processor 120 shown Figure 19 The processor 220 shown is the same. Figure 20 The communicator 1500 in the components shown can communicate with Figure 18 The communicator 110 shown or Figure 19 The communicator 210 shown is the same. Figure 20 The memory 1700 in the components shown can be connected to Figure 18 The memory 130 shown is or Figure 19 The memory 230 shown in the figure is the same.

[0261] Figure 20 The device 1000 can perform all the operations and functions of the controlling party 100 or the controlled party 200 described above. Therefore, components of the device 1000 not described above will be described below.

[0262] Reference Figure 20 The device 1000 may include a user input device 1100, an output device 1200, a controller 1300, a detector 1400, a communicator 1500, an A / V input device 1600, and a memory 1700.

[0263] User input device 1100 refers to a component used for user input of data to control device 1000. Examples of user input device 1100 may include, but are not limited to, a keyboard, dome switch, touchpad (touch capacitive touchpad, pressure resistive overlay touchpad, infrared sensor touchpad, surface acoustic wave conduction touchpad, integrated tension measurement touchpad, piezoelectric effect touchpad, etc.), scroll wheel, toggle switch, etc. User input device 1100 can receive user input required to generate dialogue information to be provided to the user.

[0264] Output device 1200 can output audio signals, video signals, or vibration signals, and includes a display 1210, a sound output device 1220, and a vibration motor 1230. According to embodiments of this disclosure, output device 1200 can notify a user that device 1000 is in a high-attenuation condition. For example, output device 1200 can prompt device 1000 to be removed from the user's pocket for accurate distance measurement.

[0265] The vibration motor 1230 can output a vibration signal. For example, the vibration motor 1230 can output a vibration signal corresponding to the output of audio data or video data (such as call signal reception sound, message reception sound, etc.).

[0266] The detector 1400 can detect the state of the device 1000 or the surrounding conditions of the device 1000, and transmit the detected information to the controller 1300.

[0267] The detector 1400 may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a geomagnetic sensor 1410, an acceleration sensor 1420, a temperature / humidity sensor 1430, an infrared sensor 1440, a gyroscope sensor 1450, a position sensor (e.g., a geolocation system (GPS)) 1460, an atmospheric pressure sensor 1470, a proximity sensor 1480, or a red-green-blue (RGB) sensor (illuminance sensor) 1490.

[0268] The detector 1400 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can detect movement of the device 1000. The controller 1300 can decrease the transmission interval of the initial connection message when movement of the device 1000 is sensed, and increase the transmission interval of the initial connection message when no movement of the device 1000 is detected within a certain time. The functions of these sensors are intuitive and reasonable to those skilled in the art from their names, and therefore a detailed description thereof is omitted here.

[0269] The communicator 1500 may include components for communicating with other devices. For example, the communicator 1500 may include a short-range wireless communication device 1510, a mobile communication device 1520, and a broadcast receiver 1530.

[0270] The short-range wireless communication device 1510 may include, but is not limited to, Bluetooth communicators, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communicators, near-field communicators, WLAN (Wi-Fi) communicators, ZigBee communicators, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) communicators, WFD (Wi-Fi Direct) communicators, ultra-wideband (UWB) communicators, Ant+ communicators, etc.

[0271] The mobile communicator 1520 transmits or receives radio signals via a mobile communication network to or from at least one of a base station, an external UE, or a server. Here, the radio signals may include voice call signals, video call signals, or various types of data depending on whether text / multimedia messages are being transmitted or received.

[0272] Broadcast receiver 1530 receives broadcast signals and / or broadcast-related information from the outside via a broadcast channel. The broadcast channel may include satellite channels and terrestrial channels. According to embodiments of this disclosure, apparatus 100 may not include broadcast receiver 1530.

[0273] A / V input device 1600 is configured to input audio or video signals and may include camera 1610 and microphone 1620. Camera 1610 can acquire video frames, such as still images or moving pictures, via an image sensor in video call mode or shooting mode. Images captured by the image sensor can be processed by controller 1300 or a separate image processor (not shown).

[0274] Image frames processed by camera 1610 can be stored in memory 1700 or transmitted externally via communicator 1500. According to embodiments of the UE, two or more cameras 1610 may be provided.

[0275] Microphone 1620 receives external sound signals and converts them into electronic speech data. For example, microphone 1620 can receive sound signals from an external device or a speaker. Microphone 1620 can use various noise removal algorithms to remove noise generated during the reception of external sound signals.

[0276] The memory 1700 can store programs for processing and controlling the controller 1300, and store data input to or output from the device 1000.

[0277] The memory 1700 may include at least one type of storage medium selected from flash memory, hard disk storage, multimedia card micro storage, card-type memory (e.g., SD or XD memory), RAM, SRAM, ROM, EEPROM, PROM, magnetic storage, magnetic disk, and optical disk.

[0278] The program stored in memory 1700 can be divided into multiple modules according to its function, such as user interface (UI) module 1710, touch screen module 1720, notification module 1730, etc.

[0279] UI module 1710 can provide a dedicated UI, graphical user interface (GUI), etc., linked to device 1000 for each application. Touchscreen module 1720 can detect user touch gestures on the touchscreen and transmit information about the touch gestures to controller 1300. Touchscreen module 1720 according to some embodiments of this disclosure can recognize and analyze touch codes. Touchscreen module 1720 can be configured as separate hardware, including a controller.

[0280] The notification module 1730 can generate signals to notify the device 1000 of the occurrence of events. Examples of events occurring in the device 1000 include call signal reception, message reception, key signal input, schedule notification, etc.

[0281] The embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented as software (S / W) programs including instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0282] A computer is an apparatus capable of calling instructions stored in a storage medium and operating according to the instructions called according to embodiments of the present disclosure set forth herein, and may include an image transmitting apparatus and an image receiving apparatus according to embodiments of the present disclosure set forth herein.

[0283] Computer-readable storage media may be provided as non-transitory storage media. Here, the term 'non-transitory storage media' should be understood as referring to a tangible device and excluding signals (e.g., electromagnetic waves), but is not intended to distinguish between cases where data is semi-permanently stored in a storage medium and cases where data is temporarily stored in a storage medium. For example, 'non-transitory storage media' may include buffers for temporarily storing data.

[0284] Electronic devices or methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be provided by being included in a computer program product. The computer program product can be traded as a product between buyers and sellers.

[0285] Computer program products may include a switch program and a computer-readable storage medium storing the switch program. For example, a computer program product may include a product (e.g., a downloadable application) in the form of a switch program distributed electronically by a manufacturer of an electronic device or distributed through an electronic marketplace (e.g., the Google Play Store or the App Store). For the electronic distribution of a computer program product, at least a portion of the switch program may be stored in a storage medium or temporarily generated. In this case, the storage medium may be the storage medium of a manufacturer's server, an electronic marketplace server, or the storage medium of a relay server temporarily storing the switch program.

[0286] The computer program product may include the storage medium of the server or the storage medium of the UE in a system consisting of a server and a UE (e.g., an image transmitting device or an image receiving device). Alternatively, when a third device (e.g., a smartphone) capable of establishing communication with the server or the UE is present, the computer program product may include the storage medium of the third device. Alternatively, the computer program product may include a service-reading (S / W) program sent from the server to the UE or the third device, or from the third device to the UE.

[0287] In this scenario, the server, UE, or third device may execute a computer program product to perform the methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure set forth herein. Alternatively, two or more of the server, UE, and third device may execute the computer program product in a distributed manner for the methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure set forth herein.

[0288] For example, a server (e.g., a cloud server or an artificial intelligence server) can execute a computer program product stored on the server to control a UE connected to it via communications to perform a method according to embodiments of the present disclosure set forth herein.

[0289] As another example, the third device may execute a computer program to control a UE connected thereto to perform methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure set forth herein. As a specific example, the third device may remotely control an image transmitting device or an image receiving device to transmit or receive packaged images.

[0290] When the third device executes the computer program product, it may download the computer program product from the server and execute the downloaded computer program product. Alternatively, the third device may execute the computer program product provided in a pre-loaded state to perform the methods according to the embodiments of this disclosure set forth herein.

[0291] While this disclosure has been shown and described with reference to various embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made in this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for ranging using ultra-wideband (UWB) by a first device, the method comprising: In the first ranging cycle of the first ranging block, distance is measured with the second device; as well as In the second ranging cycle of the second ranging block, distance is measured with the second device. Wherein, when the jump mode is enabled for the second ranging block, the second ranging loop corresponds to a ranging loop based on the jump sequence of the second ranging block, and The jump sequence is associated with the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) function and the number of ranging cycles per ranging block. The AES function uses the index of the second ranging block and the jump key used for the ranging session as input.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, When the jump mode is not enabled, the index of the second ranging cycle is the same as the index of the first ranging cycle.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Send a message to the second device indicating whether to enable the transition mode.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The message includes information associated with the index of the second ranging cycle.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The AES function corresponds to AES-128.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, If the first device does not receive any response from the second device in the first ranging cycle, the jump mode is enabled.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The jump mode is enabled based on the interference level for the first ranging cycle.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Send a message including the transition key to the second device.

9. A method for ranging using ultra-wideband (UWB) performed by a second device, the method comprising: In the first ranging cycle of the first ranging block, distance is measured with the first device; as well as In the second ranging cycle of the second ranging block, distance is measured with the first device. Wherein, when the jump mode is enabled for the second ranging block, the second ranging loop corresponds to a ranging loop based on the jump sequence of the second ranging block, and The jump sequence is associated with the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) function and the number of ranging cycles per ranging block. The AES function uses the index of the second ranging block and the jump key used for the ranging session as input.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, When the jump mode is not enabled, the index of the second ranging cycle is the same as the index of the first ranging cycle.

11. The method according to claim 10, further comprising: Receive a message from the first device indicating whether to enable the transition mode. The message includes information associated with the index of the second ranging cycle.

12. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: Receive a message including the transition key from the first device.

13. A first device for ranging using ultra-wideband (UWB), the first device comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor, the at least one processor being communicatively connected to the at least one transceiver: and At least one memory, communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, and storing instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the first device to: In the first ranging cycle of the first ranging block, ranging is performed with the second device, and In the second ranging cycle of the second ranging block, distance is measured with the second device. Wherein, when the jump mode is enabled for the second ranging block, the second ranging loop corresponds to a ranging loop based on the jump sequence of the second ranging block, and The jump sequence is associated with the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) function and the number of ranging cycles per ranging block. The AES function uses the index of the second ranging block and the jump key used for the ranging session as input.

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