Equipment and method for making rock and soil compression consolidation samples in spoil dumps

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for making rock and soil compression consolidation samples in a spoil dump, comprising a high-pressure chamber, a sealing cover, and a shaping bag. A glass window is provided on the upper side of the high-pressure chamber, and a one-way high-pressure liquid injection port is provided on the lower side of the high-pressure chamber; the sealing cover is arranged on the top of the high-pressure chamber; an exhaust port and a sample fixing port are provided on the top of the sealing cover, and the sample fixing port is in the shape of an elongated rectangle. The bag opening of the shaping bag is sleeved on the sample fixing port and fixed by a telescopic clamp. The shaping bag is suspended in the high-pressure chamber, and an adjustable high-pressure overflow port is provided on the side of the sealing cover. The device of the present invention is simple to make and easy to operate, and is convenient for ordinary technicians to use; liquid is used to apply pressure to make the sample, and no special treatment is required for the outer surface of the sample. The force is uniform during the sample making process, and the adaptability to irregular samples is stronger. The sample formation process restores the compression process of the spoil dump material as much as possible, and the test value is highly representative; especially for loose and irregular materials, the data measurement is accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a sample preparation method, in particular to equipment and a preparation method for a rock and soil compression consolidation sample in a spoil dump. Background Art

[0002] During the formation of open-pit mine spoil dumps, the squeezing of materials causes compression, deformation, fracture and disintegration, and cementation and remodeling, which in turn affects the settlement and deformation of the spoil dump and the stability of the slope. In order to accurately predict the volume changes of the discarded materials and the occurrence of slope instability accidents in the spoil dump in a timely manner, it is necessary to accurately measure the compaction coefficient, compression coefficient, and shear coefficient of the spoil dump materials. The current measurement mainly has the following problems: First, due to the irregular shape of the outer surface of the material, its volume measurement is inaccurate, which in turn affects the calculation of its compaction coefficient; second, the compression or shear coefficient is mainly replaced by measuring the parameters of prefabricated specimens. However, when the specimens are made, in order to meet the need for uniform pressure in subsequent tests, the surface of the specimens is often composed of finer materials, which cannot accurately simulate the actual structure of the spoil dump materials. The addition of fine materials also affects the mechanical properties of the specimens, further affecting the accuracy of subsequent tests. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for preparing compression consolidation samples of rock and soil in a spoil dump. The equipment is simple to manufacture and easy to operate. The prepared samples can be as close as possible to the actual state of the spoil dump materials, so as to provide more accurate data for subsequent mechanical property tests and other experiments.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device and method for making rock and soil compression consolidation samples in a spoil dump, comprising a high-pressure chamber, a sealing cover and a shaping bag, wherein a glass window is provided on the upper side of the high-pressure chamber, and a one-way high-pressure liquid injection port is provided on the lower side of the high-pressure chamber; the sealing cover is arranged on the top of the high-pressure chamber; an exhaust port and a sample fixing port are provided on the top of the sealing cover, and the sample fixing port is in the shape of a slender rectangle, the bag mouth of the shaping bag is sleeved on the sample fixing port and fixed by a telescopic clamp, the shaping bag is suspended in the high-pressure chamber, and an adjustable high-pressure overflow port is provided on the side of the sealing cover.

[0005] Furthermore, the high-pressure chamber is cylindrical and made of steel.

[0006] Furthermore, the sealing cover is dome-shaped, the exhaust port is located at the highest point of the sealing cover, and the width of the sample fixing port is 1-5 mm.

[0007] A method for preparing an open pit mine sample, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Seal the high-pressure chamber, adjust the adjustable high-pressure overflow pressure relief value to 1.05 atmospheres, and open the exhaust port;

[0009] Step 2: Inject high-pressure liquid V1 into the high-pressure chamber until the air inside is completely discharged and the high-pressure liquid overflows V2 from the adjustable high-pressure overflow port. At this time, the volume of the high-pressure chamber is V=V1-V2;

[0010] Step 3: After measuring the volume V of the hyperbaric chamber, empty the chamber and then hang the plastic bag containing the soil and rock sample of the spoil dump to be tested with a mass of M in the chamber through the sample fixing port. The bag opening of the plastic bag is not sealed. Seal the hyperbaric chamber, adjust the pressure relief value of the adjustable high-pressure overflow port to 1.05 atmospheres, and open the exhaust port.

[0011] Step 4: Add high-pressure liquid from the one-way high-pressure liquid injection port at a pressure of 1 atmosphere until the high-pressure liquid overflows from the exhaust port. The overflow volume is V3, and the exhaust port is closed. Continue to inject high-pressure liquid until the adjustable high-pressure overflow port is connected and the overflow volume is V4. At this time, the cumulative liquid injection volume is V5. At this time, the volume of the sample can be calculated as Vs = V-(V5-V4-V3);

[0012] Step 5: Adjust the adjustable high-pressure overflow port to the set pressure, and continue to inject high-pressure liquid at a volume of V6 until the adjustable high-pressure overflow port overflows high-pressure liquid at a volume of V7;

[0013] Step 6: After the sample is shaped, maintain the pressure for 24h-48h, release the pressure through the adjustable high-pressure overflow port, open the high-pressure chamber, discharge the high-pressure liquid, cut the shaping bag, take out the sample, and make it into the sample required for subsequent mechanical properties testing through cutting and grinding.

[0014] Furthermore, in step five, the pressure of the adjustable high-pressure overflow port is successively set to multiple groups of different pressure values, and the change process of the sample volume with pressure is continuously measured.

[0015] Furthermore, the bulk density of the sample finally completed in step six in a natural uncompressed state is M / Vs, the bulk density under different pressure conditions is M / (Vs-V6+V7), and the compaction coefficient under different pressure conditions is Vs / (Vs-V6+V7).

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the equipment of the present invention is simple to manufacture, easy to operate, and convenient for ordinary technicians to use; high-pressure liquid is used to apply pressure to produce samples, and no special treatment is required for the outer surface of the sample. The force is uniform during the sample production process, and it is more adaptable to irregular samples. The sample formation process restores the pressure process of the spoil dump material as much as possible, and the test value is highly representative; liquid is used to measure the sample volume and its change, especially for loose irregular materials, the measurement values ​​are fewer, and the data measurement is accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sample preparation equipment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A top view of the sample preparation equipment of the present invention;

[0019] In the figure: 1. High-pressure chamber, 2. Glass window, 3. Sealing cover, 4. Exhaust port, 5. Sample fixing port, 6. Adjustable high-pressure overflow port, 7. One-way high-pressure liquid injection port, 8. Shaping bag, 9. Telescopic clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: it includes a high-pressure chamber 1 and a sealing cover 3. The high-pressure chamber 1 is a steel cylindrical container placed on a horizontal hardened ground. A glass window 2 is provided on the upper side of the high-pressure chamber 1. The glass window 2 is small in area and can only be used to observe the internal situation; a one-way high-pressure liquid injection port 7 is provided on the lower side of the high-pressure chamber 1 to realize the function of injecting liquid from the outside to the inside of the high-pressure chamber 1; the sealing cover 3 is arranged on the top of the high-pressure chamber 1 and is a detachable structure; an exhaust port 4 and a sample fixing port 5 are opened on the top of the sealing cover 3, and the exhaust port 4 and the sample fixing port 5 are both provided with detachable covers. The exhaust port 4 can discharge the gas and a small amount of liquid in the high-pressure chamber 1 to the outside of the high-pressure chamber 1. When the exhaust port 4 does not need to be opened , it can be sealed; the sealing cover 3 is dome-shaped, and the exhaust port 4 is located at the highest point of the sealing cover 3 to ensure that the gas in the high-pressure chamber 1 can be exhausted during subsequent liquid injection; the sample fixing port 5 is in the shape of a slender rectangle, and the bag mouth of the shaping bag 8 is put on the sample fixing port 5 and fixed by the telescopic clamp 9. The width of the sample fixing port 5 is 1-5mm, and the specific width is selected according to the thickness of the shaping bag 8; the shaping bag 8 is suspended in the high-pressure chamber 1, and the telescopic clamp 9 is used to clamp the shaping bag 8 and achieve sealing at the same time; an adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6 is provided on the side of the sealing cover 3 near the top. When the liquid pressure in the high-pressure chamber 1 exceeds the set value, the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6 automatically opens to release pressure for the sake of protecting the equipment. In order to be able to intuitively know the liquid pressure value, a pressure gauge is connected to the outside of the one-way high-pressure liquid injection port 7 or the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6.

[0023] When making a sample, high-pressure liquid is injected into the high-pressure chamber 1, and water can be used as the high-pressure liquid; the shaping bag 8 is made of rubber and is customized according to the shape of the sample to be made. It has extremely strong toughness and is not easy to break. The shaping bag 8 is located in the high-pressure liquid, and the opening of the shaping bag 8 passes through the sample fixing port 5. The shaping bag is fixed and hung in the high-pressure chamber 1 by the telescopic clamp 9.

[0024] Specific method of sample preparation:

[0025] Step 1: Place the sealing cover 3 on the high-pressure chamber 1 and seal it tightly. Cover the cover of the sample fixing port 5, adjust the pressure relief value of the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6 to 1.05 atmospheres, and open the exhaust port 4.

[0026] Step 2: Inject high-pressure liquid V1 into the high-pressure chamber 1 from the one-way high-pressure liquid injection port 7 until the internal air is completely discharged and the high-pressure liquid overflows V2 from the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6. At this time, the volume of the high-pressure chamber 1 is V=V1-V2;

[0027] Step 3: After measuring the volume V of the hyperbaric chamber 1, empty the hyperbaric chamber 1, and then put the soil and rock sample of the spoil dump to be tested with a mass M into a plastic bag 8 prefabricated in a certain shape according to the experimental requirements, and then pass the bag opening of the plastic bag 8 from bottom to top through the sample fixing port 5 and fix it with a telescopic clamp 9, and then cover the sealing cover 3, and hang the plastic bag 8 in the hyperbaric chamber 1. At this time, the bag opening of the plastic bag 8 is not sealed, but after the bag opening of the plastic bag 8 passes through the sample fixing port 5, its edge is reversed on the sample fixing port 5, and then fixed with a telescopic clamp 9. In this way, the sample fixing port 5 is sealed by the plastic bag 8; seal the hyperbaric chamber 1, adjust the pressure relief value of the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6 to 1.05 atmospheres, and open the exhaust port 4;

[0028] Step 4: Add high-pressure liquid to the high-pressure chamber 1 from the one-way high-pressure liquid injection port 7 at a pressure of 1 atmosphere until the high-pressure liquid overflows from the exhaust port 4 and the overflow volume is V3. Close the exhaust port 4; continue to inject high-pressure liquid until the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6 is connected and the overflow volume is V4. At this time, the cumulative liquid injection volume is V5; the volume of the sample can be calculated as Vs = V - (V5 - V4 - V3);

[0029] Step 5: Adjust the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6 to the set pressure, and continue to inject high-pressure liquid at a volume of V6 until the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6 overflows with high-pressure liquid, and the overflow volume is V7; at the same time, in this stage, the high-pressure liquid applies a uniform pressure around the sample, uniformly applies force to the sample, completes the sample shaping process, and ensures the integrity and invariance of the sample shape, thereby completing the manufacture of samples of any three-dimensional shape; in this step, the pressure of the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6 is successively set to multiple groups of different pressure values, and the corresponding V6 and V7 values ​​under multiple groups of different pressures can be obtained, providing data for the volume and stability analysis of the spoil dump at different periods.

[0030] Step 6: After the sample is shaped, maintain the pressure for 24h-48h, release the pressure through the adjustable high-pressure overflow port 6, open the high-pressure chamber 1, discharge the high-pressure liquid, cut the shaping bag 8, take out the sample, and make it into the sample required for subsequent mechanical property testing through cutting and grinding.

[0031] The data obtained during the sample preparation process can be used to measure some parameters of the sample. The final bulk density of the sample in the natural uncompressed state is M / Vs, the bulk density under different pressure conditions is M / (Vs-V6+V7), and the compaction coefficient under different pressure conditions is Vs / (Vs-V6+V7).

[0032] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any minor modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing rock and soil compression consolidation samples in a spoil dump, characterized by: The invention comprises a high-pressure chamber (1), a sealing cover (3) and a shaping bag (8), wherein a glass window (2) is provided on the upper side of the high-pressure chamber (1), and a one-way high-pressure liquid injection port (7) is provided on the lower side of the high-pressure chamber (1); the sealing cover (3) is arranged on the top of the high-pressure chamber (1); an exhaust port (4) and a sample fixing port (5) are provided on the top of the sealing cover (3), and the sample fixing port (5) is in the shape of an elongated rectangle. The bag opening of the shaping bag (8) is placed on the sample fixing port (5) and fixed by a telescopic clamp (9), and the shaping bag (8) is suspended in the high-pressure chamber (1), and an adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6) is provided on the side of the sealing cover (3).

2. The equipment for preparing rock and soil compression consolidation samples in a spoil dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure chamber (1) is cylindrical and made of steel.

3. The equipment for preparing rock and soil compression consolidation samples in a spoil dump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing cover (3) is dome-shaped, the exhaust port (4) is located at the highest point of the sealing cover (3), and the width of the sample fixing port (5) is 1-5 mm.

4. A method for preparing a soil compression consolidation sample for a spoil dump according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1: Seal the high-pressure chamber (1), adjust the pressure relief value of the adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6) to 1.05 atmospheres, and open the exhaust port (4); Step 2: Inject high-pressure liquid V1 into the high-pressure chamber (1) until the air inside is completely exhausted and the high-pressure liquid overflows V2 from the adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6). At this time, the volume of the high-pressure chamber (1) is V=V1-V2; Step 3: After measuring the volume V of the high-pressure chamber (1), empty the high-pressure chamber (1), and then hang the shaping bag (8) containing the soil and rock sample of the spoil dump to be tested with a mass M in the high-pressure chamber (1) through the sample fixing port (5), with the bag opening of the shaping bag (8) not sealed; seal the high-pressure chamber (1), adjust the pressure relief value of the adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6) to 1.05 atmospheres, and open the exhaust port (4); Step 4: Add high-pressure liquid from the one-way high-pressure liquid injection port (7) at a pressure of 1 atmosphere until the high-pressure liquid overflows from the exhaust port (4) and the overflow volume is V3. Close the exhaust port (4); continue to inject high-pressure liquid until the adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6) is connected and the overflow volume is V4. At this time, the cumulative injection volume is V5; at this time, the volume of the sample can be calculated as Vs = V-(V5-V4-V3); Step 5: Adjust the adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6) to the set pressure, and continue to inject high-pressure liquid at a volume of V6 until the adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6) overflows high-pressure liquid at a volume of V7; Step 6: After the sample is shaped, maintain the pressure for 24h-48h, release the pressure through the adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6), open the high-pressure chamber (1), discharge the high-pressure liquid, cut the shaping bag (8), take out the sample, and make it into the sample required for subsequent mechanical property testing through cutting and grinding.

5. The method for preparing a soil compression consolidation sample for a spoil dump according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step five, the pressure of the adjustable high-pressure overflow port (6) is successively set to multiple groups of different pressure values.

6. The method for preparing a soil compression consolidation sample for a spoil dump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The final bulk density of the sample in the natural uncompressed state in step six is ​​M / Vs, the bulk density under different pressure conditions is M / (Vs-V6+V7), and the compaction coefficient under different pressure conditions is Vs / (Vs-V6+V7).

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