Display substrate and display device

Abstract

The present invention provides a display substrate and a display device. The display substrate includes a substrate; a plurality of light-emitting elements of different colors; a first light-shielding layer located on a side of the light-emitting elements facing away from the substrate; a plurality of first openings are formed on the first light-shielding layer; the plurality of first openings correspond one-to-one with the plurality of light-emitting elements; a second light-shielding layer located on a side of the light-emitting elements close to the substrate; a plurality of second openings are formed on the second light-shielding layer; the plurality of second openings correspond one-to-one with the plurality of light-emitting elements; the light-emitting elements include a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer, and a second electrode; the first electrode, the light-emitting functional layer, and the second electrode are stacked in sequence away from the substrate; the first electrode is made of a partially transmissive and partially reflective material; the second electrode is made of a transmissive material; the orthographic projections of the light-emitting elements on the substrate, the orthographic projections of the first openings on the substrate, and the orthographic projections of the second openings on the substrate overlap. The display substrate can achieve double-sided display, and the white balance of the double-sided display is the same.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of display technology, and in particular relates to a display substrate and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With advancements in information transmission and the evolution of electronic products, organic light-emitting display devices are undergoing continuous research and development, improving their response speed, resolution, and image quality. Furthermore, breakthroughs in functionality and display modes are being pursued. Therefore, dual-sided displays are a key development direction for future display devices. Dual-sided displays can extend the screen space, providing a wider field of view, allowing for faster switching and processing of more tasks. They have enormous potential for application in areas such as advertising and video conferencing.

[0003] OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) displays, characterized by self-luminescence, high brightness, wide viewing angles, high contrast, flexibility, and low energy consumption, have garnered widespread attention. As a next-generation display technology, they are gradually replacing traditional LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) displays and are widely used in mobile phone screens, computer monitors, and full-color televisions. OLED display panels are categorized as top-emitting or bottom-emitting, depending on their light-emitting method. However, achieving a dual-sided OLED display remains a pressing challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a display substrate, which can realize independent light emission of light-emitting elements on the front and back sides of the display substrate, thereby realizing double-sided display of the display substrate; the light-emitting area of light-emitting elements of different colors on the front side of the display substrate is adjusted by the first opening, and the light-emitting area of light-emitting elements of different colors on the back side of the display substrate is adjusted by the second opening, so that the white balance displayed on the front and back sides of the display substrate can be the same.

[0005] The present invention provides a display substrate, comprising a base;

[0006] a plurality of light-emitting elements of different colors;

[0007] a first light shielding layer, located on a side of the light emitting element away from the substrate; a plurality of first openings are formed on the first light shielding layer; the plurality of first openings correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light emitting elements;

[0008] a second light-shielding layer, located on a side of the light-emitting element close to the substrate; a plurality of second openings are formed on the second light-shielding layer; the plurality of second openings correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light-emitting elements;

[0009] The light-emitting element includes a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer and a second electrode;

[0010] The first electrode, the light-emitting functional layer and the second electrode are stacked in sequence away from the substrate;

[0011] The first electrode is made of a partially light-transmitting and partially light-reflecting material;

[0012] The second electrode is made of light-transmitting material;

[0013] The orthographic projection of the light emitting element on the substrate, the orthographic projection of the first opening on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second opening on the substrate overlap.

[0014] Optionally, the light emitting element includes a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element and a blue light emitting element;

[0015] The light extraction rates of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element emitted from the first opening and the light extraction rates of the light emitted from the second opening satisfy:

[0016] (Lr×Tr×Sr):(Lg×Tg×Sg):(Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lr×Tr'×Sr'):(Lg×Tg'×Sg'):(Lb×Tb'×Sb');

[0017] Wherein, Lr is the luminance of the red light emitting element; Lg is the luminance of the green light emitting element; Lb is the luminance of the blue light emitting element;

[0018] Tr' is the light extraction rate of the red light emitting element emitting light from the second opening; Tg' is the light extraction rate of the green light emitting element emitting light from the second opening; Tb' is the light extraction rate of the blue light emitting element emitting light from the second opening;

[0019] Tr is the light extraction rate of the red light emitting element emitting light through the first opening; Tg is the light extraction rate of the green light emitting element emitting light through the first opening; Tb is the light extraction rate of the blue light emitting element emitting light through the first opening;

[0020] Sr is the actual light-emitting area of the red light-emitting element through the first opening corresponding thereto / the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element; Sr≤1;

[0021] Sg is the actual light-emitting area of the green light-emitting element emitting light through the first opening corresponding thereto / the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element; Sg≤1;

[0022] Sb is the actual light-emitting area of the blue light-emitting element emitting light through the first opening corresponding thereto / the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element; Sb≤1;

[0023] Sr' is the actual light-emitting area of the red light-emitting element emitting light through the corresponding second opening / the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element; Sr'≤1;

[0024] Sg' is the actual light-emitting area of the green light-emitting element emitting light through the corresponding second opening / the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element; Sg'≤1;

[0025] Sb' is the actual light-emitting area of the blue light-emitting element that emits light through its corresponding second opening / the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element; Sb'≤1.

[0026] Optionally, the light output ratio of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element emitted through the first opening and the light output ratio of the blue light emitting element emitted through the second opening satisfy: (Lr×Tr'×Sr'):(Lg×Tg'×Sg'):(Lb×Tb'×Sb')=(Lr×Tr):(Lg×Tg):(Lb×Tb);

[0027] Among them, Sr'≤1; Sg'≤1; Sb'≤1;

[0028] (Lr×Tr):(Lg×Tg):(Lb×Tb) are the ratios required for white balance display when the light emitting elements of different colors emit light from the first opening.

[0029] Optionally, the light extraction ratio of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element emitted through the first opening and the light extraction ratio of the blue light emitting element emitted through the second opening satisfy: (Lr×Tr×Sr):(Lg×Tg×Sg):(Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lr×Tr'):(Lg×Tg'):(Lb×Tb');

[0030] Among them, Sr≤1; Sg≤1; Sb≤1;

[0031] (Lr×Tr′):(Lg×Tg′):(Lb×Tb′) are ratios required for white balance display when the light emitting elements of different colors emit light from the second opening.

[0032] Alternatively, (Lr×Tr×Sr)=(Lr×Tr′×Sr′);

[0033] (Lg×Tg×Sg)=(Lg×Tg'×Sg');

[0034] (Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lb×Tb′×Sb′).

[0035] Optionally, an opening area of the first opening corresponding to the red light-emitting element is larger than a light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element;

[0036] And / or, the opening area of the first opening corresponding to the green light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element;

[0037] And / or, the opening area of the first opening corresponding to the blue light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element;

[0038] And / or, the opening area of the second opening corresponding to the red light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element;

[0039] And / or, the opening area of the second opening corresponding to the green light emitting element is larger than the light emitting opening area of the green light emitting element;

[0040] And / or, the opening area of the second opening corresponding to the blue light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element.

[0041] Optionally, an opening area of the first opening corresponding to the red light-emitting element is larger than a light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element;

[0042] The opening area of the first opening corresponding to the green light emitting element is larger than the light emitting opening area of the green light emitting element;

[0043] The opening area of the first opening corresponding to the blue light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element.

[0044] Optionally, an opening area of the second opening corresponding to the red light-emitting element is larger than a light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element;

[0045] The opening area of the second opening corresponding to the green light emitting element is larger than the light emitting opening area of the green light emitting element;

[0046] The opening area of the second opening corresponding to the blue light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element.

[0047] Optionally, one red light emitting element, one green light emitting element and one blue light emitting element constitute one pixel;

[0048] A plurality of pixels are arranged in an array.

[0049] The present invention also provides a display device comprising the above-mentioned display substrate.

[0050] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The display substrate provided by the present invention can realize that the light-emitting elements on the front and back sides of the display substrate can emit light independently, thereby realizing double-sided display of the display substrate; the light-emitting area of the light-emitting elements of different colors on the front side of the display substrate is adjusted by the first opening, and the light-emitting area of the light-emitting elements of different colors on the back side of the display substrate is adjusted by the second opening, so that the white balance displayed on the front and back sides of the display substrate can be the same.

[0051] The display device provided by the present invention can realize double-sided display of the display device by adopting the above-mentioned display substrate, and can also realize the same white balance and brightness of the double-sided display of the display device, thereby improving the display effect of the display device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of white balance adjustment openings on the front and back sides of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 For the Figure 1 Structural section view of the AA' section line;

[0054] Figure 3 For the Figure 1 Structural cross-sectional view of the BB' section line.

[0055] The accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0056] 1. Substrate; 2. Light-emitting element; 201. Red light-emitting element; 202. Green light-emitting element; 203. Blue light-emitting element; 200. Pixel; 21. First electrode; 22. Light-emitting functional layer; 221. Hole transport layer; 222. Light-emitting layer; 223. Electron transport layer; 23. Second electrode; 3. First light-shielding layer; 30. First opening; 4. Second light-shielding layer; 40. Second opening; 5. Switch tube; 51. Gate; 52. Gate insulating layer; 53. Active layer; 54. Intermediate dielectric layer; 55. Source; 56. Drain; 6. Planarization layer; 7. Pixel defining layer; 8. Encapsulation layer; 81. Inorganic encapsulation layer; 82. Organic encapsulation layer; 9. Insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, a display substrate and a display device of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0058] An embodiment of the present invention provides a display substrate, referring to Figure 1-Figure 3, including a substrate 1; a plurality of light-emitting elements 2 of different colors; a first light-shielding layer 3, located on the side of the light-emitting element 2 away from the substrate 1; a plurality of first openings 30 are opened on the first light-shielding layer 3; the plurality of first openings 30 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light-emitting elements 2; a second light-shielding layer 4, located on the side of the light-emitting element 2 close to the substrate 1; a plurality of second openings 40 are opened on the second light-shielding layer 4; the plurality of second openings 40 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light-emitting elements 2; the light-emitting element 2 includes a first electrode 21, a light-emitting functional layer 22 and a second electrode 23; the first electrode 21, the light-emitting functional layer 22 and the second electrode 23 are stacked in sequence away from the substrate 1; the first electrode 21 is made of a partially transparent and partially reflective material; the second electrode 23 is made of a transparent material; the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element 2 on the substrate 1, the orthographic projection of the first opening 30 on the substrate 1 and the orthographic projection of the second opening 40 on the substrate 1 overlap.

[0059] The light-emitting element 2 is an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) element. The light-emitting functional layer 22 includes a hole transport layer 221 , a light-emitting layer 222 , and an electron transport layer 223 .

[0060] In the structural arrangement of the display substrate in this embodiment, the side where the first light-shielding layer 3 is arranged is the front side of the display substrate, and the side where the second light-shielding layer 4 is arranged is the back side of the display substrate. This allows the light-emitting element 2 to independently emit light on both the front and back sides of the display substrate, thereby realizing double-sided display of the display substrate.

[0061] Optionally, in this embodiment, the light-emitting element 2 includes a red light-emitting element 201, a green light-emitting element 202, and a blue light-emitting element 203; the light extraction rate of the red light-emitting element 201, the green light-emitting element 202, and the blue light-emitting element 203 emitted from the first opening 30 and the light extraction rate of the light emitted from the second opening 40 satisfy:

[0062] (Lr×Tr×Sr): (Lg×Tg×Sg): (Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lr×Tr'×Sr'): (Lg×Tg'×Sg'): (Lb×Tb'×Sb');...Formula (1);

[0063] Wherein, Lr is the luminance of the red light-emitting element 201; Lg is the luminance of the green light-emitting element 202; Lb is the luminance of the blue light-emitting element 203; Tr' is the light extraction rate of the red light-emitting element 201 emitting light from the second opening 40; Tg' is the light extraction rate of the green light-emitting element 202 emitting light from the second opening 40; Tb' is the light extraction rate of the blue light-emitting element 203 emitting light from the second opening 40; Tr is the light extraction rate of the red light-emitting element 201 emitting light from the first opening 30; Tg is the light extraction rate of the green light-emitting element 202 emitting light from the first opening 30; Tb is the light extraction rate of the blue light-emitting element 203 emitting light from the first opening 30; Sr is the actual light-emitting area of the red light-emitting element 201 emitting light through its corresponding first opening 30 / the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element 201; Sr≤1; Sg is the green light-emitting element 202 The actual light-emitting area of the blue light-emitting element 202 through its corresponding first opening 30 is divided by the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element 202; Sg≤1; Sb is the actual light-emitting area of the blue light-emitting element 203 through its corresponding first opening 30 / the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element 203; Sb≤1; Sr' is the actual light-emitting area of the red light-emitting element 201 through its corresponding second opening 40 / the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element 201; Sr'≤1; Sg' is the actual light-emitting area of the green light-emitting element 202 through its corresponding second opening 40 / the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element 202; Sg'≤1; Sb' is the actual light-emitting area of the blue light-emitting element 203 through its corresponding second opening 40 / the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element 203; Sb'≤1.

[0064] Among them, Tr+Tr'=1; Tg+Tg'=1; Tb+Tb'=1; that is, for the red light-emitting element 201, the green light-emitting element 202, and the blue light-emitting element 203, the sum of the front light output rate and the back light output rate of the light-emitting element 2 is the overall light output rate of the light-emitting element 2. The front light output rate and the back light output rate are both the proportion of light output. The sum of the two is 1, that is, the overall light output rate is regarded as 1. The light-emitting opening area of the light-emitting element 2 refers to the area of the overlapping area of the orthographic projection of the first electrode 21, the light-emitting functional layer 22, and the second electrode 23. The actual light-emitting area of the light-emitting element 2 emitting light through its corresponding first opening 30 refers to the actual light-emitting area of the light-emitting element 2 emitting light through its corresponding second opening 40 refers to the actual light-emitting area of the light-emitting element 2 emitting light through its corresponding second opening 40. Lr, Lg, and Lb are the total brightness of the red, green, and blue light-emitting elements 203 emitted from the front and back surfaces of the display substrate, respectively.

[0065] In the disclosed technology, since both the front and back sides of the display substrate emit light simultaneously, the light emitting elements 2 of different colors have different light emission rates on the front and back sides, so it is impossible to achieve the same white balance on the front and back sides of the display substrate. In this embodiment, according to the above formula (1), the light emission area of the light emitting elements 2 of different colors on the front side of the display substrate is adjusted through the first opening 30, and the light emission area of the light emitting elements 2 of different colors on the back side of the display substrate is adjusted through the second opening 40, so that the white balance displayed on the front and back sides of the display substrate can be the same.

[0066] Optionally, the opening area of the first opening 30 corresponding to the red light-emitting element 201 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element 201; to ensure that the first opening 30 corresponding to the red light-emitting element 201 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sr=1; and / or, the opening area of the first opening 30 corresponding to the green light-emitting element 202 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element 202; to ensure that the first opening 30 corresponding to the green light-emitting element 202 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sg=1; and / or, the opening area of the first opening 30 corresponding to the blue light-emitting element 203 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element 203; to ensure that the first opening 30 corresponding to the blue light-emitting element 203 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sb=1; and / or, the opening area of the second opening 40 corresponding to the red light-emitting element 201 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element 201; to ensure that the second opening 40 corresponding to the red light-emitting element 201 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sr'=1; and / or, the opening area of the second opening 40 corresponding to the green light-emitting element 202 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element 202; to ensure that the second opening 40 corresponding to the green light-emitting element 202 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sg'=1; and / or, the opening area of the second opening 40 corresponding to the blue light-emitting element 203 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element 203; to ensure that the second opening 40 corresponding to the blue light-emitting element 203 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sb'=1.

[0067] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, the light extraction rate of the red light emitting element 201, the green light emitting element 202 and the blue light emitting element 203 emitted from the first opening 30 and the light extraction rate of the light emitted from the second opening 40 satisfy:

[0068] (Lr×Tr'×Sr'): (Lg×Tg'×Sg'): (Lb×Tb'×Sb')=(Lr×Tr): (Lg×Tg): (Lb×Tb);...Formula (2);

[0069] Among them, Sr′≤1; Sg′≤1; Sb′≤1; (Lr×Tr):(Lg×Tg):(Lb×Tb) are the ratios required for white balance display when light from the light emitting elements 2 of different colors is emitted from the first opening 30 .

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown in , when the front side of the display substrate is used as the white balance adjustment surface, (Lr×Tr):(Lg×Tg):(Lb×Tb) must be satisfied, that is, Sr=1; Sg=1; Sb=1; in order to achieve the same white balance on the back side and the front side of the display substrate, the sizes of the second openings 40 corresponding to the different color light-emitting elements 2 on the second light-shielding layer 4 are adjusted, that is, the ratios Sr', Sg' and Sb' of the actual light-emitting areas of the different color light-emitting elements 2 through their corresponding second openings 40 / the light-emitting opening areas of the different color light-emitting elements are adjusted to satisfy (Lr×Tr'×Sr'):(Lg×Tg'×Sg'):(Lb×Tb'×Sb')=(Lr×Tr):(Lg×Tg):(Lb×Tb); thereby achieving the same display white balance effect on the front and back sides of the display substrate.

[0071] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, the opening area of the first opening 30 corresponding to the red light-emitting element 201 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element 201; to ensure that the first opening 30 corresponding to the red light-emitting element 201 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sr=1; the opening area of the first opening 30 corresponding to the green light-emitting element 202 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element 202; to ensure that the first opening 30 corresponding to the green light-emitting element 202 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sg=1; the opening area of the first opening 30 corresponding to the blue light-emitting element 203 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element 203; to ensure that the first opening 30 corresponding to the blue light-emitting element 203 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sb=1.

[0072] Alternatively, as Figure 3 As shown, the light extraction rate of the red light emitting element 201, the green light emitting element 202 and the blue light emitting element 203 emitted from the first opening 30 and the light extraction rate of the light emitted from the second opening 40 satisfy:

[0073] (Lr×Tr×Sr): (Lg×Tg×Sg): (Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lr×Tr’): (Lg×Tg’): (Lb×Tb’);…Formula (3);

[0074] Among them, Sr≤1; Sg≤1; Sb≤1; (Lr×Tr′):(Lg×Tg′):(Lb×Tb′) are the ratios required for white balance display when light from the light emitting elements 2 of different colors is emitted from the second opening 40 .

[0075] like Figure 3As shown in , when the back surface of the display substrate is used as the white balance adjustment surface, (Lr×Tr'):(Lg×Tg'):(Lb×Tb') must be satisfied, that is, Sr'=1; Sg'=1; Sb'=1; in order to achieve the same white balance on the front and back surfaces of the display substrate, the sizes of the first openings 30 corresponding to the different color light-emitting elements 2 on the first light-shielding layer 3 are adjusted, that is, the ratios Sr, Sg and Sb of the actual light-emitting areas of the different color light-emitting elements 2 through their corresponding first openings 30 / the light-emitting opening areas of the different color light-emitting elements are adjusted to satisfy (Lr×Tr×Sr):(Lg×Tg×Sg):(Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lr×Tr'):(Lg×Tg'):(Lb×Tb'); thereby achieving the same display white balance effect on the front and back surfaces of the display substrate.

[0076] Alternatively, as Figure 3 As shown, the opening area of the second opening 40 corresponding to the red light-emitting element 201 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element 201; to ensure that the second opening 40 corresponding to the red light-emitting element 201 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sr'=1; the opening area of the second opening 40 corresponding to the green light-emitting element 202 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element 202; to ensure that the second opening 40 corresponding to the green light-emitting element 202 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sg'=1; the opening area of the second opening 40 corresponding to the blue light-emitting element 203 is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element 203; to ensure that the second opening 40 corresponding to the blue light-emitting element 203 completely emits light, thereby achieving Sb'=1.

[0077] Optionally, in this embodiment, (Lr×Tr×Sr)=(Lr×Tr'×Sr'); (Lg×Tg×Sg)=(Lg×Tg'×Sg'); (Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lb×Tb'×Sb'). Since both sides of the display substrate emit light simultaneously, the brightness of the light-emitting elements 2 of different colors on the front and back sides is different, so the images displayed on the front and back sides will have color shift problems. This setting can make the display substrate achieve the same display brightness on the front and back sides while achieving the same display white balance, thereby avoiding the display color shift phenomenon on the front and back sides and ensuring the consistent display effect of the front and back sides of the display substrate.

[0078] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, a red light emitting element 201, a green light emitting element 202, and a blue light emitting element 203 constitute a pixel 200. A plurality of pixels 200 are arranged in an array, so that color display can be achieved on both sides of the display substrate.

[0079] Alternatively, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the display substrate also includes multiple driving circuits located on the side of the light-emitting elements 2 near the substrate 1. The multiple driving circuits are connected to the first electrodes 21 of each light-emitting element 2 in a one-to-one correspondence. The driving circuits do not overlap with the orthographic projections of the light-emitting areas of the light-emitting elements 2 on the substrate 1. The driving circuits include a switching transistor 5, which includes a gate 51, a gate insulating layer 52, an active layer 53, an intermediate dielectric layer 54, a source electrode 55, and a drain electrode 56. The drain electrode 56 is connected to the first electrode 21. Optionally, the display substrate also includes a planarization layer 6, a pixel definition layer 7, and an encapsulation layer 8. The planarization layer 6 is located on the side of the driving circuits near the light-emitting elements 2. Light-emitting elements 2 of different colors are located on the planarization layer 6. The pixel definition layer 7 has multiple openings, and the multiple light-emitting elements 2 are located in each opening in a one-to-one correspondence. The encapsulation layer 8 is located on the side of the light-emitting elements facing away from the substrate 1 and comprises a stack of an inorganic encapsulation layer 81 and an organic encapsulation layer 82. The encapsulation layer 8 encapsulates the light-emitting elements 2 to prevent damage from the intrusion of moisture and oxygen.

[0080] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first light-shielding layer 3 is located on the side of the packaging layer 8 away from the light-emitting element 2, and the first light-shielding layer 3 is made of a light-shielding resin material, such as a black resin material; the second light-shielding layer 4 is located on the side of the switching tube 5 close to the substrate 1, and a first insulating layer 9 is also provided between the second light-shielding layer 4 and the active layer 53 of the top-gate type switching tube 5, and the second light-shielding layer 4 is made of a light-shielding metal material.

[0081] It should be noted that the switch tube may also be of bottom-gate type, and the second light-shielding layer is provided on the same layer as the gate of the switch tube and is made of the same light-shielding metal material.

[0082] The display substrate provided in this embodiment can realize independent light emission of the light-emitting elements on the front and back sides of the display substrate, thereby realizing double-sided display of the display substrate; the light-emitting area of the light-emitting elements of different colors on the front side of the display substrate is adjusted by the first opening, and the light-emitting area of the light-emitting elements of different colors on the back side of the display substrate is adjusted by the second opening, so that the white balance displayed on the front and back sides of the display substrate can be the same.

[0083] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, comprising the display substrate in the above embodiment.

[0084] By adopting the display substrate in the above embodiment, the display device can realize double-sided display, and can also realize the same white balance and brightness on both sides of the display device, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.

[0085] The display device provided by the present invention can be any product or component with a display function, such as an OLED panel, an OLED TV, an OLED billboard, a display, a mobile phone, a navigator, or the like.

[0086] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that: including substrate; a plurality of light-emitting elements of different colors; a first light-shielding layer, located on a side of the light-emitting element facing away from the substrate; The first light shielding layer is provided with a plurality of first openings; The plurality of first openings correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light-emitting elements; a second light-shielding layer, located on a side of the light-emitting element close to the substrate; The second light shielding layer is provided with a plurality of second openings; The plurality of second openings correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light-emitting elements; The light-emitting element includes a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer and a second electrode; The first electrode, the light-emitting functional layer and the second electrode are stacked in sequence away from the substrate; The first electrode is made of a partially light-transmitting and partially light-reflecting material; The second electrode is made of light-transmitting material; The orthographic projection of the light emitting element on the substrate, the orthographic projection of the first opening on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second opening on the substrate overlap; The light emitting elements include a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element and a blue light emitting element; The light extraction rates of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element emitted from the first opening and the light extraction rates of the light emitted from the second opening satisfy: (Lr×Tr×Sr):(Lg×Tg×Sg):(Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lr×Tr'×Sr'):(Lg×Tg'×Sg'):(Lb×Tb'×Sb'); Wherein, Lr is the luminance of the red light-emitting element; Lg is the luminance of the green light-emitting element; Lb is the luminance of the blue light-emitting element; Tr' is the light extraction rate of the red light emitting element emitting light from the second opening; Tg' is the light extraction rate of the green light emitting element emitting light from the second opening; Tb' is the light extraction rate of the blue light emitting element emitting light from the second opening; Tr is the light extraction rate of the red light emitting element emitting light through the first opening; Tg is the light extraction rate of the green light emitting element emitting light through the first opening; Tb is the light extraction rate of the blue light emitting element emitting light through the first opening; Sr is the actual light-emitting area of the red light-emitting element through the first opening corresponding thereto / the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element; Sr≤1; Sg is the actual light-emitting area of the green light-emitting element emitting light through the first opening corresponding thereto / the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element; Sg≤1; Sb is the actual light-emitting area of the blue light-emitting element emitting light through the first opening corresponding thereto / the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element; Sb≤1; Sr' is the actual light-emitting area of the red light-emitting element emitting light through the corresponding second opening / the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element; Sr'≤1; Sg' is the actual light-emitting area of the green light-emitting element emitting light through the corresponding second opening / the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element; Sg'≤1; Sb' is the actual light-emitting area of the blue light-emitting element that emits light through its corresponding second opening / the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element; Sb'≤1.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The light extraction rates of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element emitted through the first opening and the light extraction rates of the blue light emitting element emitted through the second opening satisfy: (Lr×Tr'×Sr'):(Lg×Tg'×Sg'):(Lb×Tb'×Sb')=(Lr×Tr):(Lg×Tg):(Lb×Tb); Among them, Sr'≤1; Sg'≤1; Sb'≤1; (Lr×Tr):(Lg×Tg):(Lb×Tb) are the ratios required for white balance display when the light emitting elements of different colors emit light from the first opening.

3. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The light extraction ratio of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element emitted through the first opening and the light extraction ratio of the light emitted through the second opening satisfy: (Lr×Tr×Sr):(Lg×Tg×Sg):(Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lr×Tr'):(Lg×Tg'):(Lb×Tb'); Among them, Sr≤1; Sg≤1; Sb≤1; (Lr×Tr′):(Lg×Tg′):(Lb×Tb′) are ratios required for white balance display when the light emitting elements of different colors emit light from the second opening.

4. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein (Lr×Tr×Sr)=(Lr×Tr'×Sr'); (Lg×Tg×Sg)=(Lg×Tg'×Sg'); (Lb×Tb×Sb)=(Lb×Tb′×Sb′).

5. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The opening area of the first opening corresponding to the red light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element; And / or, the opening area of the first opening corresponding to the green light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the green light-emitting element; And / or, the opening area of the first opening corresponding to the blue light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element; And / or, the opening area of the second opening corresponding to the red light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element; And / or, the opening area of the second opening corresponding to the green light emitting element is larger than the light emitting opening area of the green light emitting element; And / or, the opening area of the second opening corresponding to the blue light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element.

6. The display substrate according to claim 2, wherein: The opening area of the first opening corresponding to the red light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element; The opening area of the first opening corresponding to the green light emitting element is larger than the light emitting opening area of the green light emitting element; The opening area of the first opening corresponding to the blue light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element.

7. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein: The opening area of the second opening corresponding to the red light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the red light-emitting element; The opening area of the second opening corresponding to the green light emitting element is larger than the light emitting opening area of the green light emitting element; The opening area of the second opening corresponding to the blue light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting opening area of the blue light-emitting element.

8. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: One red light emitting element, one green light emitting element and one blue light emitting element constitute one pixel; A plurality of pixels are arranged in an array.

9. A display device, characterized in that: The display substrate comprises the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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