A method for ice detection and de-icing of a horizontal axis wind turbine blade

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of horizontal axis wind turbine blade ice and frost detection and deicing method, comprising the following steps: obtaining the working data of fan blade normal state, analysis and storage, as comparison data;Obtain the external data in specified time period, and solve the real-time working data of wind turbine in combination with the design data of wind turbine;Real-time working data is compared with comparison data, to determine whether there is additional load when wind turbine works;If there is additional load, then determine whether the additional load is ice and frost load in combination with external data;If the additional load is ice and frost load, then deicing operation is carried out on the blade.The application can quickly and effectively determine whether there is ice and frost load on the wind turbine blade, and effectively deice, improve the conversion rate of energy utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for detecting and de-icing frost on horizontal axis wind turbine blades, belonging to the field of wind turbine blade de-icing technology. Background Technology

[0002] my country has abundant wind energy resources, and wind turbines are widely used.

[0003] In the cold northern regions and the humid coastal areas, the environment is extremely harsh. Every winter, when encountering humid air and rain or snow, the blades of wind turbines will freeze.

[0004] The main hazards of ice accumulation on the blade surface include: additional ice load on the unit, increased surface roughness of the airfoil, and ice shedding that can cause injury to personnel and damage to buildings.

[0005] However, the leaves themselves cannot remove frost; they cannot melt the frost with the heat generated during operation, nor can they remove the frost from the leaf surface with external heat.

[0006] Currently, the main method for de-icing and preventing icing of wind turbine blades is to install de-icing devices on the blades.

[0007] 1. A heating device is installed inside the blade. The working principle is to embed the heating element into the blade. When the blade freezes, the heating element raises the surface temperature of the blade, preventing or alleviating the freezing and thus achieving the de-icing effect.

[0008] 2. Install a spray system at the base of the leaves. When the leaves are covered with ice, use the spray system to spray de-icing agent to remove the ice.

[0009] 3. Install a microwave or electromagnetic transmitter on the leading edge of the blade to emit microwaves or remove ice through electromagnetic induction.

[0010] All of the above methods involve adding de-icing devices to the blades. However, blades are made of composite materials and have a relatively complex structure. Adding de-icing devices to the blades not only affects the operation of the blades and increases the airborne load, but is also difficult to implement. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for detecting and de-icing frost on horizontal axis wind turbine blades, which can quickly and effectively determine whether there is frost load on the wind turbine blades and perform effective de-icing.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for detecting and de-icing frost on horizontal axis wind turbine blades, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Acquire operating data of wind turbine blades under normal conditions, analyze and store the data for comparison.

[0014] Obtain externally stored data within a specified time period and combine it with the wind turbine's design data to solve for the wind turbine's real-time operating data;

[0015] By comparing real-time operating data with comparative data, it can be determined whether there is an additional load when the wind turbine is operating.

[0016] If there is additional load, determine whether the additional load is a frost load by combining the externally assigned data;

[0017] If the additional load is a frost load, then the blades should be de-iced.

[0018] Furthermore, the operating data of the wind turbine blades under normal conditions is acquired, analyzed, and stored as comparison data, including the following steps:

[0019] Acquire the rotational speed data of wind turbine blades under different wind conditions and store it as normal rotational speed data;

[0020] A designated shutdown position of the wind turbine is used as the detection position. The force exerted by each wind turbine blade on the wind turbine shaft due to its own mass at the detection position when there is no additional load, and the force exerted by each wind turbine blade on the wind turbine shaft due to its own mass when it is at the tower shadow position are obtained and stored as normal blade force data.

[0021] Furthermore, determining whether there is an additional load during wind turbine operation includes the following steps:

[0022] Obtain wind data for a specified time period prior to the current moment, and combine it with the design data of the wind turbine to solve for the theoretical rotational speed of the wind turbine under this wind data condition;

[0023] Obtain the actual rotational speed data of the wind turbine within a specified time period before the current time, compare the actual rotational speed data with the theoretical rotational speed data, and determine that the wind turbine has a rotational failure if the actual rotational speed data cannot meet the requirements of the theoretical rotational speed data.

[0024] Stop the wind turbine and move it to the detection position. Obtain the actual force data of each wind turbine blade on the shaft and compare it with the normal force data of the corresponding blade. If the actual force data is greater than the normal force data, it is determined that the wind turbine blade has an additional load.

[0025] Further, determining whether the additional load is a frost load includes the following steps:

[0026] Obtain rain and snow data and temperature data for the area where the wind turbine is located within the time period to be judged. Based on the rain and snow data and temperature data, determine whether the frost condensation condition is met. If the frost condensation condition is met, determine that the additional load on the wind turbine blades is an frost load.

[0027] Furthermore, the de-icing operation includes the following steps:

[0028] The root position data of the wind turbine blades is obtained as the starting point, and the length data of the wind turbine blades is obtained. Starting from the starting point, an area with the same length as the wind turbine blades is taken down along the tower as the de-icing activity area.

[0029] Move the blades to be de-iced to the position of the tower's shadow.

[0030] Hot air is blown onto the blades of the fan to be de-iced, and the air source moves back and forth along the de-icing area to carry out the de-icing operation;

[0031] While performing de-icing operations, the real-time force data of the wind turbine blades under de-icing operations on the rotating shaft is periodically acquired and compared with the normal force data when they are in the tower shadow position. If the real-time force data meets the normal force data, the de-icing operation of the blade is determined to be completed, the blade is moved out of the tower shadow area, and the next blade to be de-iced is moved to the tower shadow position. The de-icing operation is completed in the same way as above. The de-icing operation of all blades to be de-iced is completed in the same way as above.

[0032] Furthermore, the cycle for acquiring real-time force data of the wind turbine blades under de-icing operation on the shaft is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0033] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0034] This invention can determine whether wind turbine blades have frost load by combining external rain and snow data, temperature data, and the design data of the wind turbine blades themselves. When frost load is present, it de-ices the blades by blowing hot air. Compared to existing methods of de-icing by internal auxiliary heating of the blades, this invention can effectively reduce the additional costs associated with blade design and manufacturing. Compared to methods that use spray devices at the blade roots to spray de-icing agents, this invention avoids the use of de-icing agents, thus preventing accelerated aging of the wind turbine blades due to de-icing agents. Compared to installing microwave or electromagnetic emission devices on the leading edge of the blades, this invention avoids the use of microwaves or electromagnetic waves, thus preventing accelerated aging of the wind turbine blades due to microwaves or electromagnetic waves, and effectively reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for detecting and de-icing ice on horizontal axis wind turbine blades provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] This invention provides a method for frost detection and de-icing of horizontal axis wind turbine blades. Specifically designed for colder northern regions and more humid coastal areas, this method effectively and promptly detects frost loads and allows for timely de-icing, effectively mitigating the adverse effects of frost loads on wind turbine operation. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0038] Step 1: Obtain operating data of the wind turbine blades under normal conditions, analyze and store it as comparison data:

[0039] Acquire the rotational speed data of wind turbine blades under different wind conditions and store it as normal rotational speed data;

[0040] A designated shutdown position of the wind turbine is selected as the detection position. The force exerted by each blade on the turbine shaft due to its own mass at the detection position when the blades are without any additional load, and the force exerted by each blade on the turbine shaft due to its own mass at the tower shadow position, are collected and stored as normal blade force data. The force data obtained at the detection position is used to monitor whether there is an external load on the wind turbine blades. The detection position can be arbitrarily specified without many requirements. The force exerted by each blade on the turbine shaft due to its own mass at the tower shadow position is collected and used as comparative data to determine whether de-icing is complete during de-icing.

[0041] Step 2: Obtain externally stored data within a specified time period, and combine it with the wind turbine's design data to calculate the wind turbine's real-time operating data. Compare the real-time operating data with comparative data to determine whether there is an additional load during wind turbine operation.

[0042] Obtain wind data for a specified time period prior to the current moment, and combine it with the design data of the wind turbine to solve for the theoretical rotational speed of the wind turbine under this wind data condition;

[0043] Obtain the actual rotational speed data of the wind turbine within a specified time period before the current time, compare the actual rotational speed data with the theoretical rotational speed data, and determine that the wind turbine has a rotational failure if the actual rotational speed data cannot meet the requirements of the theoretical rotational speed data.

[0044] Stop the wind turbine and move it to the detection position. Obtain the actual force data of each wind turbine blade on the shaft and compare it with the normal force data of the corresponding blade. If the actual force data is greater than the normal force data, it is determined that the wind turbine blade has an additional load.

[0045] Step 3: If there is additional load, determine whether the additional load is a frost load by combining the externally assigned data:

[0046] Obtain rain and snow data and temperature data for the area where the wind turbine is located within the time period to be judged. Based on the rain and snow data and temperature data, determine whether the frost condensation condition is met. If the frost condensation condition is met, determine that the additional load on the wind turbine blades is an frost load.

[0047] Step 4: If the additional load is a frost load, then perform a de-icing operation on the blades:

[0048] The root position data of the wind turbine blades is obtained as the starting point, and the length data of the wind turbine blades is obtained. Starting from the starting point, an area with the same length as the wind turbine blades is taken down along the tower as the de-icing activity area.

[0049] Move the blades to be de-iced to the position of the tower's shadow.

[0050] Hot air is blown onto the blades of the fan to be de-iced, and the air source moves back and forth along the de-icing area to carry out the de-icing operation;

[0051] While performing de-icing operations, the real-time force data of the wind turbine blades under de-icing operations on the rotating shaft is periodically acquired and compared with the normal force data when they are in the tower shadow position. If the real-time force data meets the normal force data, the de-icing operation of the blade is determined to be completed, the blade is moved out of the tower shadow area, and the next blade to be de-iced is moved to the tower shadow position. The de-icing operation is completed in the same way as above. The de-icing operation of all blades to be de-iced is completed in the same way as above.

[0052] The cycle for acquiring real-time force data of the wind turbine blades under de-icing operation on the shaft is 3 to 5 minutes, and 5 minutes is preferred in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] The method provided by this invention can determine whether a wind turbine blade has an ice load by combining external rain and snow data, temperature data, and the blade's own design data. When an ice load is present, hot air is blown to de-ice the blade. Compared to existing methods that use internal auxiliary heating for de-icing, this invention effectively reduces the additional costs associated with blade design and manufacturing. Compared to methods that use sprayers at the blade root to spray de-icing agents, this invention avoids the use of de-icing agents, thus preventing accelerated aging of the wind turbine blades. Compared to installing microwave or electromagnetic emission devices at the blade leading edge, this invention avoids the use of microwaves or electromagnetic waves, preventing accelerated aging of the wind turbine blades caused by microwaves or electromagnetic waves, and effectively reducing costs.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and de-icing frost on horizontal axis wind turbine blades, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Acquire operating data of wind turbine blades under normal conditions, analyze and store the data for comparison. Obtain externally stored data within a specified time period and combine it with the wind turbine's design data to solve for the wind turbine's real-time operating data; By comparing real-time operating data with comparative data, it can be determined whether there is an additional load when the wind turbine is operating. If there is additional load, determine whether the additional load is a frost load by combining the externally assigned data; If the additional load is a frost load, then perform de-icing operations on the blades; The process involves acquiring, analyzing, and storing operational data of the wind turbine blades under normal conditions for comparison, including the following steps: Acquire the rotational speed data of wind turbine blades under different wind conditions and store it as normal rotational speed data; A designated shutdown position of the wind turbine is used as the detection position. The force exerted by each wind turbine blade on the wind turbine shaft due to its own mass at the detection position when there is no additional load, and the force exerted by each wind turbine blade on the wind turbine shaft due to its own mass when it is at the tower shadow position are obtained and stored as normal blade force data. Determining whether a wind turbine is operating under additional load includes the following steps: Obtain wind data for a specified time period prior to the current moment, and combine it with the design data of the wind turbine to solve for the theoretical rotational speed of the wind turbine under this wind data condition; Obtain the actual rotational speed data of the wind turbine within a specified time period before the current time, compare the actual rotational speed data with the theoretical rotational speed data, and determine that the wind turbine has a rotational failure if the actual rotational speed data cannot meet the requirements of the theoretical rotational speed data. Stop the wind turbine and move it to the detection position. Obtain the actual force data of each wind turbine blade on the shaft and compare it with the normal force data of each corresponding blade. If the actual force data is greater than the normal force data, it is determined that the wind turbine blade has an additional load. Determining whether the additional load is a frost load includes the following steps: Obtain rain and snow data and temperature data for the area where the wind turbine is located within the time period to be judged. Based on the rain and snow data and temperature data, determine whether the frost condensation condition is met. If the frost condensation condition is met, determine that the additional load on the wind turbine blades is an frost load. The de-icing operation includes the following steps: The root position data of the wind turbine blades is obtained as the starting point, and the length data of the wind turbine blades is obtained. Starting from the starting point, an area with the same length as the wind turbine blades is taken down along the tower as the de-icing activity area. Move the blades to be de-iced to the position of the tower's shadow. Hot air is blown onto the blades of the fan to be de-iced, and the air source moves back and forth along the de-icing area to carry out the de-icing operation; While performing de-icing operations, the real-time force data of the wind turbine blades under de-icing operations on the rotating shaft is periodically acquired and compared with the normal force data when they are in the tower shadow position. If the real-time force data meets the normal force data, the de-icing operation of the blade is determined to be completed and the blade is moved out of the tower shadow area.

2. The method for detecting and de-icing frost on horizontal axis wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cycle for acquiring real-time force data of the wind turbine blades on the shaft during de-icing operations is 3 to 5 minutes.

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