A micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions and a method of use thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system and a method of use for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, the system comprising a portal buffer structure, a PLC controller, a sensor group and an exhaust fan group. The portal buffer structure is placed at both ends of the tunnel entrance; the sensor group is composed of an acoustic wave receiver, an infrared ray and a wind temperature sensor; the PLC controller controls the power of the exhaust fan according to the data collected by the sensor; the air is extracted by the exhaust fan and discharged through the air outlet; when the train is running, the exhaust port can slow down the micro-pressure wave, and the airflow discharged from the air outlet can offset part of the micro-pressure wave; when the train is not running, the exhaust port can extract the cold airflow invading the tunnel, and discharge it through the air outlet to reduce the speed of the airflow invading the tunnel. The present invention utilizes the pressure wave formed by the high-speed airflow to block the invasion of the cold airflow from the outside while offsetting the micro-pressure wave generated by the train. The overall structure of the system is simple and easy to maintain, and it can effectively alleviate the micro-pressure wave at the tunnel entrance and prevent the occurrence of tunnel frost damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cold-region high-speed railway tunnel engineering, and in particular to a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof and heat-insulating system for cold-region high-speed railway tunnels and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of high-speed railway construction, a large number of cold-region railway tunnels need to be built, and the increase in train speed will inevitably intensify the vehicle-tunnel coupled aerodynamic effect. When the nose of a high-speed train enters the tunnel, an initial compression wave will be generated in front of the train. This compression wave propagates along the length of the tunnel at the speed of sound and continuously intensifies. When it reaches the exit, it will radiate outward from the tunnel exit in the form of a pulse, forming a pulsed pressure wave; excessive pulsed pressure not only has an adverse effect on the environment near the tunnel entrance, but also seriously affects the normal life of nearby residents. Effectively alleviating micro-pressure waves at the entrance of high-speed railway tunnels is of great significance to the construction of railway tunnels and to protecting the environment around the tunnel entrance and the safety of residents.

[0003] At present, the technical means adopted at home and abroad to alleviate micro-pressure waves mainly include the following three points: 1. Expand the ratio of cross-sectional area to tunnel cross-sectional area, and expand the tunnel portal of the tunnel entrance section with equal cross-section (bevel cut 30°); 2. Open holes, open holes on the top and side of the tunnel portal to release air, prolong the time for the initial compression wave to form when the train is running, thereby causing the micro-pressure wave to reach the amplitude lag; 3. Lay energy dissipation structures such as attraction materials, shafts, cross passages, and auxiliary tunnels inside the tunnel. These means have alleviated micro-pressure waves to a certain extent, but they are all passive mitigation measures, and cannot dynamically alleviate micro-pressure waves caused by different trains and different running speeds. At the same time, laying energy dissipation structures such as attraction materials, shafts, cross passages, and auxiliary tunnels increases the construction cost and difficulty. In view of the particularity of high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions, it is of great significance to develop an effective micro-pressure wave mitigation system that takes into account the insulation system of tunnel insulation, improve the comfort of train passengers, and ensure the safe operation of tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0004] Technical problems to be solved: The technical problem to be solved by this application is that the existing excessive pulse pressure not only has an adverse effect on the environment near the tunnel entrance, but also seriously affects the normal life of nearby residents. Passive mitigation measures cannot dynamically alleviate the micro-pressure waves caused by different trains and different running speeds. At the same time, the laying of energy dissipation structures such as attraction materials, shafts, cross passages, and auxiliary tunnels increases the construction cost and difficulty. Provide a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system and use method for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions. When there is no train running, exhaust air is used to The unit forms a negative pressure zone at the tunnel entrance, draws cold air from the exhaust port at the rear of the tunnel portal buffer structure, and the air flow is ejected from the air outlet at a certain angle through the air inlet channel to slow down the wind speed invading the tunnel, so as to prevent the cold air from the outside from invading the tunnel. When the train is running, the exhaust fan unit is used to form a negative pressure zone at the tunnel entrance, so as to prevent the continuous intensification of micro-pressure waves at the entrance and destroy the pressure waves formed by them. At the same time, the extracted air flow is ejected from the air outlet at a certain angle through the air inlet channel to offset the micro-pressure waves, so as to dissipate the micro-pressure waves.

[0005] Technical solution, in order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is:

[0006] A micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof heat preservation system for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, the system comprising: a tunnel, a tunnel door buffer structure, an air vent, an air outlet, an air vent unit, a sensor group, a PLC controller and an air inlet channel;

[0007] The tunnel portal buffer structure is located at both ends of the tunnel entrance to mitigate the micro-pressure waves generated by the train passing through the tunnel and block the intrusion of cold air from the outside.

[0008] The sensor group is located inside the tunnel buffer structure. The sensor group is electrically connected to the PLC controller to monitor wind speed, wind direction, temperature, train operation and the size of micro-pressure waves and send data to the PLC controller;

[0009] The air vent is arranged at the connection end between the tunnel door buffer structure and the tunnel, and the air outlet is arranged at the other end of the tunnel door buffer structure. The air vent and the air outlet are connected through an air inlet channel, and the air inlet channel is arranged outside the tunnel door buffer structure. The exhaust unit is connected to the air vent;

[0010] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the exhaust fan unit. The PLC controller is located outside the tunnel entrance. According to the data transmitted by the sensor group, the PLC controller controls the operating power of the exhaust fan unit, draws air, train wind and / or unobstructed cold airflow from the exhaust port and sprays it out from the outlet through the air inlet channel.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the front end entrance of the tunnel gate buffer structure is a buffer structure of equal cross-section enlarged section beveled at 30°.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the outer side of the hole door buffer structure is an arc-shaped air inlet channel, the air inlet channel and the hole door buffer structure are connected together to form an integrated structure, and the air outlet width of the air inlet channel is 1 / 10 of the air exhaust port width.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the design formula of the width B of the air inlet channel is as follows: Where: S-tunnel cross-sectional area; L-tunnel section circumference.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the inner wall of the air inlet channel is polished and mirror-finished.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the exhaust fan unit is installed at the exhaust port of the tunnel door buffer structure, and the exhaust fan unit is composed of a group of square high-pressure centrifugal fans.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the sensor group consists of an acoustic wave receiver, an infrared sensor and a wind temperature sensor, which is used to collect micro-pressure waves at the tunnel entrance, train traffic conditions, wind speed and direction, and air temperature data, and send the detection data to the PLC controller.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the PLC controller is used to receive and analyze the data of the sensor group and control the working state of the exhaust fan group.

[0018] The present application also discloses a method for using a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region. When no train is running, an exhaust fan is used to form a negative pressure zone at the tunnel entrance, and unblocked cold airflow and air are extracted from the exhaust port at the rear of the tunnel portal buffer structure. The airflow is ejected from the air outlet at 15-45° through the air inlet channel to slow down the wind speed invading the interior of the tunnel, thereby achieving the purpose of blocking the external cold airflow from invading the interior of the tunnel. When the train is running, the exhaust fan is used to extract the train wind and air to form a negative pressure zone at the tunnel entrance, thereby preventing the continuous intensification of micro-pressure waves at the entrance and destroying the pressure waves formed. At the same time, the extracted airflow is ejected from the air outlet at 15-45° through the air inlet channel to offset the micro-pressure waves, thereby achieving the purpose of dissipating the micro-pressure waves.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the method of use specifically comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Data monitoring and collection: the sensor group collects micro-pressure waves, wind speed, wind direction, temperature and train operation conditions in the middle of the tunnel buffer structure, and transmits the data to the PLC controller;

[0021] Step 2: The PLC controller receives and analyzes the data. When there is no train running, the exhaust fan unit is turned off when the wind direction is from inside to outside or the temperature is greater than 0°C. When the wind speed is from outside to inside and the temperature is less than 0°C, the exhaust fan unit is turned on. The power of the exhaust fan unit is controlled according to the wind speed.

[0022] Step 3: When the train is running, the exhaust fan unit runs at full power until the micro-air pressure wave monitored by the sound wave receiver is lower than 50Pa, and then repeat step 2.

[0023] Principle explanation: The moment the nose of a high-speed train enters a tunnel, an initial compression wave is generated in front of the train. This compression wave propagates along the length of the tunnel at the speed of sound and continuously intensifies. When it reaches the exit, it radiates outward from the tunnel exit in a pulsed form, forming a pulsed pressure wave. The larger the cross-sectional area of ​​the train and the faster the running speed, the larger the compression wave generated when it enters the tunnel. When the compression wave reaches the exit, it forms a pulsed pressure wave that radiates out. The present invention alleviates micro-pressure waves by diverting and offsetting the compression waves through the portal buffer structure.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system and method for use of high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions described in this application adopt the above technical solution and have the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. The present invention adopts a method of actively eliminating micro-pressure waves to alleviate and dissipate micro-pressure waves in the propagation path and at the exit.

[0026] 2. The present invention adopts a method of actively forming an invasion of external cold airflow and a method of using wind to block wind, which can effectively block the invasion of external cold airflow and confine the freezing area to a limited section of the cave entrance.

[0027] 3. The present invention is applied to the tunnel portal section without causing damage to the internal structure of the tunnel. It only needs to be built on the basis of the original portal. The overall structure is simple and easy to build and maintain. It is suitable for existing and newly built tunnels.

[0028] 4. This application can alleviate the micro pressure wave of 130.1Pa generated by a train running at a speed of 400km / h to below 50Pa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A stereoscopic diagram of the micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system and its use method for the high-speed railway tunnel in cold regions of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the operation of the micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof and heat-insulating system and its use method for the cold-proof and heat-insulating system for the high-speed railway tunnel in the cold region of this application;

[0031] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the micro-pressure wave mitigation system for cold-region high-speed railway tunnels and the cold-proof and heat-insulating system and its use method.

[0032] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1-tunnel; 2-portal buffer structure; 3-exhaust vent; 4-air outlet; 5-exhaust fan unit; 6-sensor group; 7-PLC controller; 8-external cold airflow; 9-unblocked cold airflow; 10-train; 11-micro-pressure wave; 12-train wind; 13-air inlet channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: The present application relates to a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system and a method of use for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region. The system includes a tunnel 1, a portal buffer structure 2, an exhaust port 3, an air outlet 4, an exhaust fan unit 5, a sensor group 6, a PLC controller 7 and an air inlet channel 13.

[0035] The tunnel portal buffer structure 2 is located at both ends of the tunnel entrance of the tunnel 1, and is used to alleviate the micro-pressure waves 11 generated by the train 10 passing through the tunnel 1 and block the invasion of external cold airflow 8; the sensor group 6 is located inside the tunnel portal buffer structure 2, and the sensor group 6 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 7, and is used to monitor the wind speed, wind direction, temperature, the operation of the train 10 and the size of the micro-pressure waves 11 and send data to the PLC controller 7; the exhaust port 3 is arranged at the connection end between the tunnel portal buffer structure 2 and the tunnel 1, and the air outlet 4 is arranged at the other end of the tunnel portal buffer structure 2, and the exhaust port 3 and the air outlet 4 are connected by an air inlet channel 13, and the air inlet channel 13 is arranged on the outside of the tunnel portal buffer structure 2, and the exhaust fan unit 5 is connected to the exhaust port 3 ; The PLC controller 7 is electrically connected to the exhaust fan unit 5. The PLC controller 7 is located outside the tunnel 1 opening. According to the data transmitted by the sensor group 6, the operating power of the exhaust fan unit 5 is controlled to extract air, train wind 12 and / or unblocked cold airflow 9 from the exhaust port 3 and eject them from the air outlet 4 through the air inlet channel 13; the air is extracted by the exhaust fan unit 5 and discharged through the air outlet 4; when the train is running, the exhaust port 3 can slow down the micro-pressure wave, and the airflow discharged from the air outlet 4 can offset part of the micro-pressure wave 11; when the train is not running, the exhaust port 3 can extract the unblocked cold airflow 9 invading the tunnel, and discharge it through the air outlet 4 to reduce the speed of the external cold airflow 8 invading the tunnel. The present application utilizes the pressure wave formed by the high-speed airflow to block the invasion of the external cold airflow while offsetting the micro-pressure wave generated by the train.

[0036] In the system:

[0037] The front entrance of the tunnel portal buffer structure 2 is a buffer structure with an equal cross-section and an enlarged section that is beveled at 30°.

[0038] The outer side of the tunnel door buffer structure 2 is an arc-shaped air inlet channel 13 , which is connected to the tunnel door buffer structure 2 to form an integrated structure. The width of the air outlet 4 of the air inlet channel 13 is 1 / 10 of the width of the air outlet 3 .

[0039] The design formula of the width B of the air outlet 3 of the air inlet channel 13 is as follows: Where: S-tunnel cross-sectional area; L-tunnel section circumference.

[0040] The airflow jet angle of the air outlet 4 is 45°;

[0041] The inner wall of the air inlet channel 13 is polished and mirror-finished.

[0042] The exhaust fan unit 5 is installed at the exhaust port 3 of the tunnel door buffer structure 2, and the exhaust fan unit 5 is composed of a group of square high-pressure centrifugal fans.

[0043] The sensor group 6 is composed of an acoustic wave receiver, an infrared sensor and a wind temperature sensor, and is used to collect data on micro-pressure waves 11 at the tunnel entrance, the passage of the train 10, wind speed and direction, and air temperature, and send the detection data to the PLC controller 7.

[0044] The PLC controller 7 is used to receive and analyze data from the sensor group 6 and control the working state of the exhaust fan group 5.

[0045] The PLC controller 7 is connected to the sensor group 6 and the exhaust fan group 5 by wire or wirelessly.

[0046] The method for using the micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions based on the above-mentioned system is as follows: when no train is running, the exhaust fan unit 5 is used to form a negative pressure zone at the tunnel entrance, and unblocked cold airflow 9 and air are extracted from the exhaust port 3 at the rear of the tunnel door buffer structure 2, and the airflow is ejected from the air outlet 4 at 15-45° through the air inlet channel 13, so as to slow down the wind speed invading the interior of the tunnel, so as to achieve the purpose of blocking the external cold airflow 8 from invading the interior of the tunnel; when the train 10 is running, the exhaust fan unit 5 is used to extract the train wind 12 and air to form a negative pressure zone at the tunnel entrance, so as to prevent the continuous intensification of the micro-pressure wave 11 at the entrance and destroy the pressure wave formed by it, and at the same time, the extracted airflow is ejected from the air outlet 4 at 15-45° through the air inlet channel 13 to offset the micro-pressure wave 11, so as to achieve the purpose of dissipating the micro-pressure wave 11, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Data monitoring and collection, the sensor group 6 collects the micro pressure wave 11, wind speed, wind direction, temperature and train 10 running conditions in the middle of the tunnel buffer structure 2, and transmits the data to the PLC controller 7;

[0048] Step 2: The PLC controller 7 receives and analyzes the data. When there is no train 10 running, the exhaust fan unit 5 is turned off when the wind direction is from inside to outside or the temperature is greater than 0°C, and the exhaust fan unit 5 is turned on when the wind speed is from outside to inside and the temperature is less than 0°C. The power of the exhaust fan unit 5 is controlled according to the wind speed.

[0049] Step 3: When the train 10 is running, the exhaust fan unit 5 runs at full power until the micro-pressure wave 11 monitored by the sound wave receiver is lower than 50 Pa, and then step 2 is repeated.

[0050] When there is no train running, when the sensor group 6 detects that the external cold air flow 8 invades the tunnel, the PLC controller 7 controls the power of the exhaust fan group 5 according to the wind speed monitored by the wind speed sensor, and the exhaust wind speed of the exhaust fan of the exhaust fan group 5 is preferably twice the wind speed monitored by the wind speed sensor. The unblocked cold air flow 9 extracted by the exhaust fan group 5 is ejected from the air outlet 4 at an angle of 45° through the air inlet channel 13, which is used to slow down the wind speed of the external cold air flow 8 invading the tunnel, thereby achieving the purpose of blocking the external cold air flow from invading the tunnel and confining the frozen area to a limited section of the tunnel entrance.

[0051] When the train is running, when the micro-pressure wave monitored by the sound wave receiver in the sensor group 6 is greater than 50Pa and the infrared sensor in the sensor group 6 detects that the train 10 passes through the tunnel, the PLC controller 7 controls the exhaust fan unit 5 to run at full power, and the exhaust fan unit 5 forms a negative pressure area at the tunnel entrance, thereby preventing the continuous intensification of the micro-pressure wave 11 at the tunnel entrance and destroying the pressure wave formed by it. The extracted airflow is ejected from the air outlet 4 at an angle of 45° through the air inlet channel 13 to offset the micro-pressure wave 11, thereby achieving the purpose of dissipating the micro-pressure wave.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-pressure wave relief and cold-proof insulation system for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions. It is characterized in that The system comprises: a tunnel (1), a tunnel door buffer structure (2), an air exhaust port (3), an air outlet (4), an air exhaust unit (5), a sensor unit (6), a PLC controller (7), and an air inlet channel (13); The tunnel gate buffer structure (2) is located at both ends of the tunnel entrance (1) and is used to alleviate the micro pressure waves (11) generated by the train (10) passing through the tunnel (1) and block the invasion of cold airflow (8) from the outside. The front entrance of the tunnel gate buffer structure (2) is a buffer structure with a uniform cross-section and an enlarged section that is beveled at 30 degrees. The sensor group (6) is located inside the tunnel gate buffer structure (2), and the sensor group (6) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (7) and is used to monitor wind speed, wind direction, temperature, train (10) running conditions and the size of the micro-pressure wave (11) and send data to the PLC controller (7); The air exhaust port (3) is arranged at the connection end between the tunnel door buffer structure (2) and the tunnel (1), and the air outlet (4) is arranged at the other end of the tunnel door buffer structure (2). The air exhaust port (3) and the air outlet (4) are connected via an air inlet channel (13), and the air inlet channel (13) is arranged outside the tunnel door buffer structure (2). The air exhaust unit (5) is connected to the air exhaust port (3); The PLC controller (7) is electrically connected to the exhaust fan unit (5). The PLC controller (7) is located outside the tunnel entrance (1). Based on data transmitted by the sensor group (6), the PLC controller (7) controls the operating power of the exhaust fan unit (5), extracts air, train wind (12) and / or unblocked cold airflow (9) from the exhaust port (3), and ejects the air from the air outlet (4) through the air inlet channel (13). The outside of the tunnel entrance buffer structure (2) is an arc-shaped air inlet channel (13). The air inlet channel (13) and the tunnel entrance buffer structure (2) are connected together to form an integrated structure. The width of the air outlet (4) of the air inlet channel (13) is 1 / 10 of the width of the air inlet channel (3).

2. According to claim 1, a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof heat preservation system for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, It is characterized in that The design formula for the width B of the air outlet (3) of the air inlet channel (13) is as follows: Where: S-tunnel cross-sectional area; L-tunnel section circumference.

3. According to claim 1, a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof heat preservation system for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, Features: The inner wall of the air inlet channel (13) is polished and smooth and subjected to mirror finish.

4. According to claim 1, a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof heat preservation system for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, Features: The exhaust fan unit (5) is installed at the exhaust port (3) of the tunnel door buffer structure (2), and the exhaust fan unit (5) is composed of a group of square high-pressure centrifugal fans.

5. According to claim 1, a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof heat preservation system for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, Features: The sensor group (6) is composed of a sound wave receiver, an infrared sensor and a wind temperature sensor, and is used to collect data on micro pressure waves (11) at the tunnel entrance, the passage of trains (10), wind speed and direction, and air temperature, and to send the detection data to a PLC controller (7).

6. According to claim 1, a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof heat preservation system for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, It is characterized in that The PLC controller (7) is used to receive and analyze data from the sensor group (6) and control the working state of the exhaust fan group (5).

7. A method for using a micro-pressure wave mitigation and cold-proof insulation system for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region. Features: When no train is running, a negative pressure zone is formed at the tunnel entrance by using an exhaust fan unit (5), and unblocked cold airflow (9) and air are extracted from the exhaust port (3) at the rear of the tunnel entrance buffer structure (2). The airflow is ejected from the air outlet (4) at an angle of 15-45 degrees through the air inlet channel (13), so as to slow down the wind speed invading the tunnel, thereby preventing the cold airflow (8) from invading the tunnel. When the train (10) is running, the exhaust fan unit (5) extracts the train wind (12) and air, so that a negative pressure area is formed at the tunnel entrance, and the continuous intensification of the micro pressure wave (11) is prevented at the tunnel entrance and the pressure wave formed by it is destroyed. At the same time, the extracted airflow is ejected from the air outlet (4) through the air inlet channel (13) at an angle of 15-45 degrees to offset the micro pressure wave (11), so as to achieve the purpose of dissipating the micro pressure wave (11). Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: Data monitoring and collection, the sensor group (6) collects micro pressure waves (11), wind speed, wind direction, temperature and train (10) running conditions in the middle of the tunnel buffer structure (2), and transmits the data to the PLC controller (7); Step 2: The PLC controller (7) receives and analyzes the data. When there is no train (10) running, the exhaust fan unit (5) is turned off when the wind direction is from inside to outside or the temperature is greater than 0°C, and the exhaust fan unit (5) is turned on when the wind speed is from outside to inside and the temperature is less than 0°C. The power of the exhaust fan unit (5) is controlled according to the wind speed; Step 3: When the train (10) is running, the exhaust fan unit (5) operates at full power until the micro-pressure wave (11) monitored by the sound wave receiver is lower than 50Pa, and then step 2 is repeated.

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