Nozzle, ignition device and gasifier of fuel pipe

Abstract

The present invention relates to a nozzle of a fuel pipe, an ignition device and a gasifier, the ignition device comprising: a sleeve having an air inlet for inputting air; a fuel pipe eccentrically arranged in the sleeve, one end of the fuel pipe having a fuel inlet for inputting fuel, and the other end being provided with a nozzle, the nozzle being provided with a main nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle, the central axis of the main nozzle being arranged parallel to the axial direction of the fuel pipe, and the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle being arranged obliquely relative to the axial direction of the fuel pipe; an ignition gun being arranged side by side with the fuel pipe in the sleeve, the gun head of the ignition gun being arranged adjacent to the auxiliary nozzle. The ignition device has a simple structure and reliable ignition, thereby improving the ignition success rate of the ignition device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gas combustion, and in particular to a nozzle of a fuel pipe, an ignition device and a gasifier. Background Art

[0002] In the petrochemical and coal chemical industries, high calorific value gases such as natural gas and coke oven gas are usually ignited by ignition devices when they are burned in gasifiers. However, the current ignition devices generally have the problem of ignition difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nozzle of a fuel pipe, an ignition device and a gasifier, wherein the ignition device has reliable ignition and a high ignition success rate.

[0004] On the one hand, the present invention proposes an ignition device, comprising: a sleeve having an air inlet for inputting air; a fuel pipe eccentrically arranged in the sleeve, one end of the fuel pipe having a fuel inlet for inputting fuel, and the other end being provided with a nozzle, the nozzle being provided with a main nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle, the central axis of the main nozzle being arranged parallel to the axial direction of the fuel pipe, and the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle being arranged obliquely relative to the axial direction of the fuel pipe; an ignition gun, arranged side by side with the fuel pipe in the sleeve, and the gun head of the ignition gun being arranged adjacent to the auxiliary nozzle.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a central axis of the auxiliary nozzle is arranged at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the axial direction of the fuel pipe, and a value range of the predetermined angle θ is: 60°≤θ≤120°.

[0006] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle includes a tubular side wall, an end portion located at one end of the side wall, and a tapered wall gradually tapered from the side wall to the end portion, the main nozzle is opened at the end portion, the auxiliary nozzle is opened at the side wall or the tapered wall, and the auxiliary nozzle is located between the end portion and the plane where the gun head is located.

[0007] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the end of the spray head and the plane where the gun head is located is less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0008] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the number of main nozzles is at least two, and the at least two main nozzles are distributed circumferentially at the end.

[0009] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the minimum distance between the main nozzle and the edge of the end portion is 1 mm to 4 mm.

[0010] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the main nozzle or the auxiliary nozzle is a circular hole, and the hole diameter is 1.5 mm to 4 mm.

[0011] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an opening is provided at one end of the sleeve facing the nozzle, an end cover is provided at the end away from the nozzle, and the sleeve is provided with a fuel inlet pipe connected to the fuel inlet, an air inlet pipe forming an air inlet, and a mounting flange.

[0012] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a gun barrel, one end of the gun barrel is located in the sleeve, the other end is located outside the sleeve and connected to the end cover, and the ignition gun is coaxially arranged in the gun barrel.

[0013] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of cooling holes are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the barrel.

[0014] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a locking nut is provided at one end of the ignition gun away from the gun head, and an external thread matching the locking nut thread is provided at one end of the gun barrel located outside the sleeve.

[0015] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, an elastic gasket is arranged between the locking nut and the gun barrel.

[0016] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a flame detection device is further disposed in the sleeve, and the flame detection device is fixed to the end cover.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a nozzle for a fuel pipe, which is provided with a main nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle, the central axis of the main nozzle is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the fuel pipe, and the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle is arranged at a predetermined angle to the axial direction of the fuel pipe.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a gasifier, comprising the ignition device as described above.

[0019] The present invention provides a nozzle of a fuel pipe, an ignition device and a gasifier, wherein the fuel pipe and the sleeve are eccentrically arranged, and a main nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle are arranged on the nozzle of the fuel pipe, wherein the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle is inclined relative to the axial direction of the fuel pipe, so that the fuel sprayed from the auxiliary nozzle efficiently collides with the air flowing in the sleeve along the axial direction to form a local flammable area of ​​the mixed gas, and the gun head of the ignition gun is located in the mixed gas area, so that the ignition is reliable, and the ignition success rate of the ignition device is improved. In addition, the ignition device has a simple structure, low cost and is easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The features, advantages and technical effects of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same components are marked with the same reference numerals. The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an ignition device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the ignition device shown along direction A;

[0023] Figure 3 Show Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a nozzle of a fuel pipe of an ignition device shown;

[0024] Figure 4 Show Figure 2 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the ignition device shown along the BB direction;

[0025] Figure 5 Show Figure 4 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of region C of the ignition device shown;

[0026] Figure 6 Show Figure 4 An enlarged schematic structural diagram of region D of the ignition device is shown.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1-sleeve; 1a-air inlet; 11-air introduction pipe; 111-first docking flange; 12-fuel introduction pipe; 121-second docking flange; 13-opening; 14-end cover; 15-mounting flange;

[0029] 2-fuel pipe; 21-nozzle; 21a-end; 21b-side wall; 21c-conical wall; 211-main nozzle; 212-auxiliary nozzle; 2a-fuel inlet;

[0030] 3-ignition gun; 31-gun head; 32-locking nut; 33-elastic gasket;

[0031] 4-gun barrel; 41-cooling hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the detailed description below, many specific details are proposed in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. In the drawings and the following description, at least part of the known structures and technologies are not shown in order to avoid unnecessary ambiguity of the present invention; and, for clarity, the size of some structures may be exaggerated. In addition, the features, structures or characteristics described below may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner.

[0033] The directional words appearing in the following description are all directions shown in the figure, and do not limit the specific structure of the ignition device of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an ignition device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 Show Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the ignition device along the A direction is shown in FIG. Figure 3 Show Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a nozzle of a fuel pipe of an ignition device is shown.

[0035] Please also read Figures 1 to 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides an ignition device, including: a sleeve 1, a fuel pipe 2 and an ignition gun 3.

[0036] The casing 1 has an air inlet 1a for supplying air.

[0037] The fuel pipe 2 is eccentrically arranged in the sleeve 1, and one end of the fuel pipe 2 has a fuel inlet 22 for inputting fuel, and the other end is provided with a nozzle 21, and the nozzle 21 is provided with a main nozzle 211 and an auxiliary nozzle 212. The central axis of the main nozzle 211 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the fuel pipe 2, and the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle 212 is arranged obliquely relative to the axial direction of the fuel pipe 2. Optionally, the fuel is a combustible gas such as natural gas and coke oven gas.

[0038] The ignition gun 3 and the fuel pipe 2 are arranged side by side in the sleeve 1 , and the gun head 31 of the ignition gun 3 is arranged adjacent to the auxiliary nozzle 212 .

[0039] In this embodiment, the ignition device adopts the working principle of jet diffusion combustion, and injects fuel from the nozzle 21 into the sleeve 1 to form an airflow, so as to mix with the air in the sleeve 1. The main nozzle 211 and the auxiliary nozzle 212 of the nozzle 21 divide the fuel into two areas for supply: a local combustible area and a stable fire area.

[0040] Among them, the fuel pipe 2 is eccentrically arranged in the sleeve 1, and the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle 212 of the fuel pipe 2 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the fuel pipe 2, so that the fuel sprayed from the auxiliary nozzle 212 can efficiently collide with the air flowing axially in the sleeve 1 to form a local flammable area of ​​the mixed gas, and the gun head 31 of the ignition gun 3 is located in the local flammable area, so that the mixed gas can be easily ignited by the electric spark shot by the ignition gun 3. The inventor has verified that the ignition success rate can reach more than 99%. In addition, the fuel sprayed from the main nozzle 211 and the air flowing axially in the sleeve 1 form a stable fire area of ​​the mixed gas, ensuring that the fuel can burn stably.

[0041] In order to make the electric spark from the ignition gun 3 fully ignite the mixed gas, the placement direction of the ignition device can be adjusted. For example, if the density of the fuel is less than the density of the air, the ignition gun 3 can be placed above the fuel pipe 2, and the gun head 31 of the ignition gun 3 is placed adjacent to the auxiliary nozzle 212. If the density of the fuel is greater than or equal to the density of the air, the ignition gun 3 can be placed below the fuel pipe 2, and the gun head 31 of the ignition gun 3 is placed adjacent to the auxiliary nozzle 212.

[0042] In addition, since the main nozzle 211 and the auxiliary nozzle 212 can be set on the nozzle 21 of the fuel pipe 2 at the same time, and the ignition gun 3 only needs to be set side by side with the fuel pipe 2 at a position adjacent to the auxiliary nozzle 212 in the sleeve 1, the position accuracy requirement of the ignition gun 3 is not high, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and it is easy to implement.

[0043] An ignition device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is arranged eccentrically between the fuel pipe 2 and the sleeve 1, and a main nozzle 211 and an auxiliary nozzle 212 are arranged on the nozzle of the fuel pipe 2, wherein the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle 212 is arranged to be inclined relative to the axial direction of the fuel pipe 2, so that the fuel sprayed from the auxiliary nozzle 212 efficiently collides with the air flowing along the axial direction in the sleeve 1 to form a local flammable area of ​​the mixed gas, and the gun head 31 of the ignition gun 3 is located in the mixed gas area, so that the ignition is reliable, and the ignition success rate of the ignition device is improved. In addition, the ignition device has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to implement.

[0044] Figure 4 Show Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the ignition device along the BB direction is shown in FIG. Figure 5 Show Figure 4 An enlarged schematic structural diagram of region C of the ignition device is shown.

[0045] In some embodiments, a central axis of the auxiliary nozzle 212 is arranged at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the axial direction of the fuel pipe 2 , and a value range of the predetermined angle θ is: 60°≤θ≤120°.

[0046] Furthermore, the nozzle 21 includes a tubular side wall 21b, an end 21a located at one end of the side wall 21b, and a conical wall 21c gradually tapered from the side wall 21b to the end 21a, the main nozzle 211 is opened at the end 21a, the auxiliary nozzle 212 is opened at the side wall 21b or the conical wall 21c, and the auxiliary nozzle 212 is located between the end 21a and the plane where the gun head 31 is located.

[0047] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the conical wall 21c is a chamfer or rounded corner connecting the side wall 21b and the end 21a. When the predetermined angle θ between the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle 212 and the axial direction of the fuel pipe 2 is 60° to 90°, the auxiliary nozzle 212 is formed on the conical wall 21c. If the predetermined angle θ between the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle 212 and the axial direction of the fuel pipe 2 is any angle between 90° and 120°, the auxiliary nozzle 212 is opened on the side wall 21b. Regardless of the value of the predetermined angle θ, the auxiliary nozzle 212 is located between the end 21a and the plane where the gun head 31 is located.

[0048] Optionally, the distance t between the end 21a of the nozzle 21 and the plane where the gun head 31 is located is less than or equal to 20 mm. The distance t is located in the local combustible area of ​​the mixed gas formed by the efficient collision of the fuel sprayed from the auxiliary nozzle 212 and the air flowing along the axial direction in the sleeve 1, which can ensure that the gun head 31 of the ignition gun 3 can successfully complete the ignition.

[0049] Optionally, the main nozzle 211 or the auxiliary nozzle 212 is a circular hole with an aperture size of 1.5 mm to 4 mm. In order to ensure that the fuel can burn stably after ignition, the number of the main nozzles 211 of the nozzle 21 is at least two, and at least two main nozzles 211 are distributed circumferentially at the end 21a. In addition, the distance between the main nozzle of the nozzle 21 and the edge of the end face 21a is related to the flux ratio of fuel and air momentum. Generally speaking, the larger the distance, the larger the parameter range of the flux ratio of fuel and air momentum, which can reach 1 to 100; conversely, the smaller the distance, the parameter range of the flux ratio of fuel and air momentum gradually decreases to 30 to 50. Regulating valves can be respectively provided on the fuel supply device and the air supply device, and the flow ratio of fuel and air can be adjusted through the central control. During design, the value of the distance between the main nozzle 211 and the edge of the end 21a is within the test range, which can ensure successful ignition. Optionally, the minimum distance between the main nozzle 211 and the edge of the end 21a is 1 mm to 4 mm.

[0050] like Figure 3As shown, three main nozzles 211 are evenly distributed on the end 21a, and an auxiliary nozzle 212 is set on the conical wall 21c. The main nozzle 211 and the auxiliary nozzle 212 are both circular holes, and the sizes of the two can be equal or unequal, which is not limited here.

[0051] In some embodiments, an opening 13 is provided at one end of the sleeve 1 facing the nozzle 21, and an end cover 14 is provided at the end away from the nozzle 21. The sleeve 1 is provided with a fuel inlet pipe 12 connected to the fuel inlet 22, an air inlet pipe 11 forming an air inlet 1a, and a mounting flange 15.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the air inlet pipe 11 and the fuel inlet pipe 12 are integrally formed with the sleeve 1, and a first docking flange 111 is provided at one end of the air inlet pipe 11 away from the sleeve 1, which is used to dock with the flange of an external air supply device. The air supply device can supply oxygen or air containing a certain amount of oxygen. A second docking flange 121 is provided at one end of the fuel inlet pipe 12 away from the sleeve 1, which is used to dock with the flange of an external fuel supply device. The sleeve 1 is also provided with a mounting flange 15, which is used to fix the ignition device to the gasifier or an auxiliary device of the gasifier.

[0053] The flame generated by the combustion of fuel in the sleeve 1 radiates in various forms. In order to grasp the size of the flame in the sleeve 1 and ensure the safe operation of the ignition device, in some embodiments, a flame detection device (not shown in the figure) is also provided in the sleeve 1, and the flame detection device is fixed to the end cover 14. According to the wavelength of the flame detected, the flame detection device is divided into an ultraviolet flame detection device, an infrared flame detection device, and a visible light flame detection device.

[0054] In some embodiments, the ignition device provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a gun barrel 4, one end of which is located in the sleeve 1, and the other end is located outside the sleeve 1 and connected to the end cover 14, and the ignition gun 3 is coaxially arranged in the gun barrel 4. The gun barrel 4 can be fixed to the end cover 14 of the sleeve 1 by welding or the like, and after the ignition gun 3 determines its position on the sleeve 1 through the gun barrel 4, it only needs to be fixed to the gun barrel 4 by using threads, which is convenient for installing and replacing the ignition gun 3, and there is no need to use a separate bracket to fix the ignition gun 3 near the nozzle 21, and there is no need to manually enter the gasifier to replace the ignition gun 3 during maintenance, which greatly reduces the replacement work of the ignition gun 3 and is safer and more reliable.

[0055] Since the process of the ignition gun 3 firing an electric spark is equivalent to converting electrical energy into thermal energy, a large amount of heat will be generated. In order to quickly cool the ignition gun 3, a plurality of cooling holes 41 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the barrel 4. Optionally, the cooling holes 41 are waist-shaped grooves, rectangular grooves or circular holes. The plurality of cooling holes 41 are evenly arranged along the axial direction and circumferential direction of the barrel 4. Under the premise that the ignition gun 3 is easy to plug and unplug, cooling air is introduced into the barrel 4 to ensure uniform heat dissipation during the operation of the ignition gun 3, improve the working environment of the ignition gun 3, and help to increase the service life of the ignition gun 3.

[0056] Figure 6 Show Figure 4 An enlarged schematic structural diagram of region D of the ignition device is shown.

[0057] The gas in the gasifier is mainly nitrogen during the ignition stage and hot flue gas during stable operation. The gas itself is non-toxic and non-polluting, but if the gas in the furnace leaks instantly, it is dangerous under high pressure. The working back pressure of the ignition gun 3 is generally between 2.0MPa and 4.5MPa. The back pressure is high, so the sealing of the tail of the ignition gun 3 and the barrel 4 is particularly important.

[0058] In order to avoid leakage of high pressure gas at the tail of the ignition gun 3, in some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a locking nut 32 is provided at one end of the ignition gun 3 away from the gun head 31 , and an external thread that is threadably matched with the locking nut 32 is provided at one end of the gun barrel 4 located outside the sleeve 1 .

[0059] Further optionally, an elastic gasket 33 is provided between the locking nut 32 and the barrel 4. Optionally, the elastic gasket 33 is a copper gasket, which has excellent thermal conductivity and ductility and can withstand repeated deformation. A plurality of copper gaskets can be used to fine-tune the ignition position of the ignition gun 3 and improve the sealing performance between the locking nut 32 and the barrel 4. However, regular maintenance is required to avoid safety problems in operation caused by gas leakage in the furnace.

[0060] The locking nut 32 is a secondary protection device. Even if pressure leakage occurs at the position of the copper gasket, the gas in the furnace will leak in the radial direction through the locking nut at its end surface, avoiding direct rushing to people, reducing the risk of pressure maintenance. Therefore, there is no operating risk for the on-site operators in front of the gasifier, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the use of the ignition gun 3.

[0061] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a gasifier, comprising the ignition device as described above.

[0062] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An ignition device, characterized in that: include: A casing (1) having an air inlet (1a) and an opening (13) for inputting air; A single fuel pipe (2) is eccentrically arranged in the sleeve (1); one end of the fuel pipe (2) has a fuel inlet (2a) for inputting fuel, and the other end is provided with a nozzle (21); the nozzle (21) is provided with a main nozzle (211) and an auxiliary nozzle (212); the central axis of the main nozzle (211) is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the fuel pipe (2); the central axis of the auxiliary nozzle (212) is arranged obliquely relative to the axial direction of the fuel pipe (2), so that the fuel sprayed from the auxiliary nozzle (212) and the air flowing along the axial direction in the sleeve (1) form a local combustible area; An ignition gun (3) is arranged side by side with the fuel pipe (2) in the sleeve (1), a gun head (31) of the ignition gun (3) is arranged adjacent to the auxiliary nozzle (212), and the gun head (31) of the ignition gun (3) is located in the local flammable area; The nozzle (21) comprises a tubular side wall (21b) and an end portion (21a) located at one end of the side wall (21b); the auxiliary nozzle (212) is located between the end portion (21a) and a plane where the gun head (31) is located; and the gun head (31) is located on a side of the auxiliary nozzle (212) that is away from the opening (13).

2. The ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axis of the auxiliary nozzle (212) is arranged at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the axial direction of the fuel pipe (2), and the value range of the predetermined angle θ is: 60°≤θ≤120°.

3. The ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (21) comprises a conical wall (21c) which is gradually tapered from the side wall (21b) toward the end (21a), the main nozzle (211) is opened at the end (21a), and the auxiliary nozzle (212) is opened at the side wall (21b) or the conical wall (21c).

4. The ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the end (21a) of the spray head (21) and the plane where the gun head (31) is located is less than or equal to 20 mm.

5. The ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the main nozzles (211) is at least two, and the at least two main nozzles (211) are distributed in a circumferential manner at the end portion (21a).

6. The ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum distance between the main nozzle (211) and the edge of the end (21a) is 1 mm to 4 mm.

7. The ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main nozzle (211) or the auxiliary nozzle (212) is a circular hole, and the hole diameter is 1.5 mm to 4 mm.

8. The ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening (13) is arranged at one end of the sleeve (1) facing the nozzle (21), and an end cover (14) is arranged at one end of the sleeve (1) away from the nozzle (21). The sleeve (1) is provided with a fuel introduction pipe (12) connected to the fuel inlet (2a), an air introduction pipe (11) forming the air inlet (1a), and a mounting flange (15).

9. The ignition device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a gun barrel (4), one end of which is located inside the sleeve (1), and the other end of which is located outside the sleeve (1) and connected to the end cover (14), and the ignition gun (3) is coaxially arranged inside the gun barrel (4).

10. The ignition device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of cooling holes (41) are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the gun barrel (4).

11. The ignition device according to claim 10, characterized in that: A locking nut (32) is provided at one end of the ignition gun (3) away from the gun head (31), and an external thread that matches the thread of the locking nut (32) is provided at one end of the gun barrel (4) located outside the sleeve (1).

12. The ignition device according to claim 11, characterized in that: An elastic gasket (33) is arranged between the locking nut (32) and the gun barrel (4).

13. The ignition device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A flame detection device is also provided in the sleeve (1), and the flame detection device is fixed to the end cover (14).

14. A gasifier, characterized in that: Comprising an ignition device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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