Sidelink beam management

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices are described for wireless communication. A device can be configured to support multi-beam or multi-panel operations, or both, which can allow multiple sidelink transmissions to occur simultaneously. In some cases, flexible beam management for beamformed sidelink communications is implemented to manage beams. A transmitting UE can indicate transmit beam information to a base station, which can use the transmit beam information to schedule sidelink transmissions as part of a beam management procedure. The beam management procedure can allow the transmitting UE to update the transmit beam information based on mobility of the sidelink UEs, as well as other environmental factors. In some cases, the beam management includes a beam training procedure that can be implemented to refine sidelink beams, where support for multi-panel and multi-beam operations can allow multiple beams to be trained simultaneously.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 941,716, entitled “Sidelink Beam Management,” filed by Akkarakaran et al. on November 27, 2019, and U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 103,108, entitled “Sidelink Beam Management,” filed by Akkarakaran et al. on November 24, 2020, each of which is assigned to the assignee of this application. Technical Field

[0003] The following relates generally to wireless communications and, more particularly, to sidelink beam management.

[0004] background

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems), and fifth generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ various technologies, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each base station or network access node simultaneously supporting communication with multiple communication devices, which may be further referred to as user equipment (UE).

[0006] Some wireless communication systems may support both access links and side links. The access link is the communication link between a UE and a base station. In some examples, the access link may be referred to as the Uu interface. The side link is the communication link between similar devices. For example, a side link may support communication between multiple UEs or between multiple base stations. In some communication systems, side link communication may support low throughput and low reliability.

[0007] Overview

[0008] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices and apparatuses that support sidelink beam management. In general, the described technology can support sidelink beam management. For example, some systems (e.g., systems operating in the millimeter wave (mmW) frequency range) can support beamformed sidelink transmissions to improve throughput and reliability. In some cases, the device (e.g., user equipment (UE)) supports multi-beam operation or multi-panel operation or both, which can allow more than one sidelink transmission to occur simultaneously. In some cases, flexible beam management for beamformed sidelink communications is implemented. The transmitting UE can indicate transmit beam information to the base station, and the base station can use the transmit beam information to schedule sidelink transmissions as part of a beam management procedure. The beam management procedure as described in the present disclosure can allow the transmitting UE to update the transmit beam information based on the mobility of each UE communicating via the sidelink and other environmental factors. Throughput and reliability can be improved by implementing flexible beam management and simultaneous sidelink transmissions.

[0009] A method for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The method may include: establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receiving transmit beam information from a base station for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message; and transmitting the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information.

[0010] An apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receive transmit beam information from a base station for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message; and transmit the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information.

[0011] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The apparatus may include means for: establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receiving, from a base station, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message; and transmitting the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information.

[0012] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receive transmit beam information from a base station for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message; and transmit the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information.

[0013] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting to the base station a set of beam parameters for a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE, the transmit beam set including the one or more transmit beams.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting beam shape information about the set of transmit beams.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting panel orientations of one or more antenna panels associated with the transmit beam set.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting the geometric positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the beam parameter set may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting the relative positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the transmit beam set relative to the first UE.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a beam identifier for the set of transmit beams.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting codebook information about the set of transmit beams.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the beam parameter set may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting beam shape information that varies with a beam identifier for each antenna panel of the first UE.

[0021] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting to the base station a set of beam pairs of a set of transmit beams for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE, wherein each beam pair in the set of beam pairs corresponds to a spatially separated transmit beam pair at the first UE.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the set of beam pairs may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting a corresponding transmit beam identifier for each pair of transmit beams in the set of beam pairs.

[0023] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting measurement information associated with sidelink communications between the first UE and the second UE to the base station, wherein the transmit beam information may be based on the measurement information.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the measurement information may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for the following actions: transmitting a beam report indicating one or more measurement parameters of the transmit beam pair at the first UE.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more measurement parameters include a rank indicator, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof.

[0026] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the transmit beam information may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for the following actions: receiving the transmit beam information via downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or media access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE).

[0027] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the transmit beam information includes a beam identifier and a time-frequency resource configuration for each of the one or more transmit beams.

[0028] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first UE and the second UE may be configured for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication via the sidelink communication link.

[0029] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the base station includes a cellular base station or a controller UE.

[0030] A method of wireless communication at a first UE is described. The method may include establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE, receiving beam training information from a base station for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE, and performing the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information.

[0031] An apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receive beam training information from a base station for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; and perform the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information.

[0032] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The apparatus may include means for establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE, receiving beam training information from a base station for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE, and performing the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information.

[0033] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receive beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE from a base station; and perform the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information.

[0034] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for: receiving antenna panel information from the second UE, the antenna panel information including the number of antenna panels and corresponding panel orientations of the antenna panel set of the second UE; and transmitting additional beam training information for the side link beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the second UE based on the antenna panel information, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that the side link beam training procedure can be used for different antenna panels used by the second UE during partially overlapping time periods.

[0035] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for: transmitting to the base station an indication of one or more wide beams for the sidelink beam training procedure of the first UE to obtain one or more narrow beams for the sidelink beam training procedure of the first UE; receiving additional beam training information from the base station, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that a different antenna panel at the second UE is to be used during a partially overlapping time period; and transmitting the additional beam training information to the second UE.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the beam training information indicates a transmit beam set at the first UE; and the sidelink beam training procedure can be executed simultaneously for multiple transmit beams in the transmit beam set.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the sidelink beam training procedure can be an orthogonalized beam training procedure based on one of code division multiplexing (CDM), sequence-based training, or frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

[0038] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for concurrently transmitting reference signals via multiple transmit beams at the first UE.

[0039] A method of wireless communication at a receiving UE is described. The method may include establishing a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE, transmitting information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE to a base station, and receiving a beamformed transmission from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communication link based on the information.

[0040] An apparatus for wireless communication at a receiving UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: establish a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE; transmit information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE to a base station; and receive a beamformed transmission from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communication link based on the information.

[0041] Another apparatus for wireless communications at a receiving UE is described. The apparatus may include means for establishing a sidelink communications link with a transmitting UE; transmitting information related to beamformed communications via the sidelink communications link between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE to a base station; and receiving a beamformed transmission from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communications link based on the information.

[0042] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a receiving UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE; transmit information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE to a base station; and receive a beamformed transmission from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communication link based on the information.

[0043] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting to the base station a set of beam parameters for a receive beam set for sidelink communication between a first UE and a second UE, wherein the set of beam parameters includes beam shape information about the receive beam set, panel orientations of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set, geometric positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set, relative positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set relative to the first UE, a beam identifier of the receive beam set, codebook information about the receive beam set, and beam shape information that varies for each antenna panel of the receiving UE due to the beam identifier.

[0044] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting to the base station a set of beam pairs of a set of receive beams for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE, wherein each beam pair in the set of beam pairs corresponds to a spatially separated receive beam pair at the receiving UE.

[0045] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting information related to beamformed communications via the side link communication link may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting a beam report to the base station or the transmitting UE, the beam report indicating one or more measurement parameters of the receive beam pair at the receiving UE, wherein the one or more measurement parameters include a rank indicator, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof.

[0046] A method for wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include establishing a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determining, for the first UE, one or more transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE; and transmitting, to the first UE, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message.

[0047] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determine, for the first UE, one or more transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE; and transmit, to the first UE, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message.

[0048] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for establishing a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determining, for the first UE, one or more transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE; and transmitting, to the first UE, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message.

[0049] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determine, for the first UE, one or more transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE; and transmit, to the first UE, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message.

[0050] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for the following actions: receiving a beam parameter set of a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE from the first UE or the second UE, the transmit beam set including the one or more transmit beams; and determining the one or more transmit beams based on the beam parameter set.

[0051] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of beam parameters includes beam shape information about the set of transmit beams.

[0052] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of beam parameters includes a panel orientation of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams.

[0053] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of beam parameters includes geometric positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams.

[0054] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of beam parameters includes relative positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams relative to the first UE.

[0055] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of beam parameters includes a beam identifier of the set of transmit beams.

[0056] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of beam parameters includes codebook information about the set of transmit beams.

[0057] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of beam parameters includes beam shape information that is specific to a beam identifier for each antenna panel of the first UE.

[0058] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for the following actions: receiving a beam pair set of a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE from the first UE or the second UE, wherein each beam pair in the beam pair set corresponds to a spatially separated transmit beam pair at the first UE; and determining the one or more transmit beams based on the beam pair set.

[0059] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the beam pair set includes a respective transmit beam identifier for each pair of transmit beams in the beam pair set.

[0060] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for: receiving measurement information associated with sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE from the first UE or the second UE; and determining the one or more transmit beams based on the measurement information.

[0061] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement information includes a rank indicator, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof associated with the transmit beam set of the first UE.

[0062] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the transmit beam information via DCI, RRC signaling, or MAC-CE.

[0063] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the transmit beam information includes a beam identifier and a time-frequency resource configuration for each of the one or more transmit beams.

[0064] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting beam training information for a side link beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the first UE, the beam training information indicating a set of transmit beams at the first UE.

[0065] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for: receiving a report of the sidelink beam training procedure from the first UE or the second UE based on the beam training information; and determining the one or more transmit beams based on the report.

[0066] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for the following actions: receiving antenna panel information from the second UE, the antenna panel information including the number of antenna panels and corresponding panel orientations of the antenna panel set of the second UE; and transmitting beam training information for a side link beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the second UE or the first UE based on the antenna panel information, wherein the beam training information indicates that the side link beam training procedure can be used for different antenna panels used by the second UE during partially overlapping time periods.

[0067] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for: receiving, from the first UE, an indication of one or more wide beams for the sidelink beam training procedure of the first UE to obtain one or more narrow beams for the sidelink beam training procedure of the first UE; and transmitting additional beam training information to the first UE, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that a different antenna panel at the second UE is to be used during a partially overlapping time period.

[0068] A method of wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include establishing a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE, determining beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE, and transmitting an indication of the beam training information to the first UE.

[0069] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determine beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; and transmit an indication of the beam training information to the first UE.

[0070] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for establishing a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE, determining beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE, and transmitting an indication of the beam training information to the first UE.

[0071] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determine beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; and transmit an indication of the beam training information to the first UE. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system for supporting sidelink beam management in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0074] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting sidelink beam management in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0075] Figure 3 Examples of sidelink beamforming supporting sidelink beam management in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0076] Figure 4 An example of a process flow supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0077] Figure 5 An example of a process flow supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0078] Figure 6 and 7 A block diagram of a device supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0079] Figure 8A block diagram of a communications manager supporting sidelink beam management in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0080] Figure 9 A diagram of a system including a device supporting sidelink beam management is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0081] Figure 10 and 11 A block diagram of a device supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0082] Figure 12 A block diagram of a communications manager supporting sidelink beam management in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0083] Figure 13 A diagram of a system including a device supporting sidelink beam management is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0084] Figures 14 to 19 A flow chart illustrating a method of supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0085] Detailed description

[0086] A wireless communication system may support both access links and side links for communication between wireless devices, where an access link may refer to a communication link between a user equipment (UE) and a base station (e.g., a Uu interface), and a side link may refer to any communication link between similar wireless devices (e.g., a PC5 communication link between UEs, or a backhaul communication link between base stations). It should be noted that although the various examples provided herein are discussed with respect to UE side link devices, such side link technologies may be used for any type of wireless device that uses side link communication. For example, the side link may support device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and / or vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, message relay, discovery signaling, beacon signaling, or any combination of these or other signals transmitted from one UE to one or more other UEs over the air. As demand for side link communication increases (e.g., due to growing demand for V2X for autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles, or D2D communication between Internet of Things (IoT) devices), technologies that enhance the throughput and reliability of side link channels may be needed.

[0087] In some deployments (which may be referred to as Mode 1 deployments), the serving base station may control resource allocation for the access link and the side link. Thus, to provide side link communication, the transmitting UE and one or more receiving UEs of the side link communication may receive associated resource grants from the serving base station (e.g., in downlink control information (DCI) transmissions via the access link of each side link UE). In some cases, the UE is configured to support beamforming for communications between the UE and the base station, but is configured to support omnidirectional transmission and reception for communications between one or more UEs. In such cases, the transmitting side link UE transmitting the resource grant will indicate the time and frequency resource configuration for each side link UE, but the resource grant will not include beam information because the side link communication is not performed using beams.

[0088] In some implementations, omnidirectional sidelink transmissions result in low throughput. To improve the throughput and reliability of sidelink communications, flexible beam management can be implemented to support multi-beam operation, multi-panel operation, or a combination thereof. Systems that support multi-beam and multi-panel operation can increase throughput and reliability because beam diversity can be achieved at the transmitting UE.

[0089] Before the base station transmits scheduling information regarding sidelink transmissions, the UE may be configured to transmit an indication to the base station indicating beam information. For example, the transmitting UE may transmit an indication to the base station indicating the UE's beam shape and panel orientation, or the UE may indicate that the UE is in one or more pairs of spatially separated transmit beams, or the UE may indicate a beam report of transmit beams to the base station, or a combination thereof. The base station may schedule sidelink communications between the two UEs based on the beam information indicated by the transmitting UE. The base station may schedule more than one transmit beam for simultaneous transmission from the transmitting UE to the receiving UE of the sidelink communication, which may further improve throughput.

[0090] In some cases, a beam training procedure is implemented to train each UE's transmit and receive beams prior to sidelink communications. Beam training may introduce latency into the sidelink communication scheduling. To reduce the latency caused by beam training, multiple beams, antenna panels, or a combination thereof can be trained simultaneously by orthogonalizing sidelink transmissions via code division multiplexing (CDM) or frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

[0091] Certain aspects of the subject matter described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more advantages. The described techniques can support improvements in sidelink communications by increasing throughput and improving reliability, among other advantages. Thus, the supported techniques can include improved network operation and, in some examples, increased network efficiency, among other benefits.

[0092] Various aspects of the present disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communication system. Various aspects related to sidelink beamforming and process flow are subsequently described. Various aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow diagrams related to sidelink beam management.

[0093] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0094] Base stations 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form wireless communication system 100 and may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UEs 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 may provide a coverage area 110 over which UEs 115 and base stations 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which base stations 105 and UEs 115 may support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0095] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. The UEs 115 may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. Figure 1 1. The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relays, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment), such as Figure 1 As shown in .

[0096] Each base station 105 can communicate with the core network 130, with each other, or both. For example, the base stations 105 can interface with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). The base stations 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the base stations 105), indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130), or both directly and indirectly over the backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces). In some examples, the backhaul links 120 can be or include one or more wireless links.

[0097] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by one of ordinary skill in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B, or a Gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a Home Node B, a Home Evolved Node B, or other suitable terminology.

[0098] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects, such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0099] The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as base stations 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown in .

[0100] The UE 115 and the base station 105 may communicate wirelessly with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. The UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0101] The signal waveform transmitted on the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using a multicarrier modulation (MCM) technique such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may include one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements received by UE 115 and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate of UE 115 can be. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers may further improve the data rate or data integrity of communications with UE 115.

[0102] The time interval of the base station 105 or the UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, which can be, for example, a sampling period T s =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max It can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The maximum supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be indicated. Time intervals of communication resources may be organized according to radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0103] Each frame may include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of code element periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each code element period). In some wireless communication systems 100, a time slot may be further divided into a plurality of mini-time slots containing one or more code elements. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each code element period may contain one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating band.

[0104] A subframe, slot, mini-slot, or symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0105] Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM), FDM, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel may be defined by a number of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of a carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of UEs 115 may monitor or search the control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0106] In some examples, base stations 105 can be mobile and, therefore, provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 can be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communication system 100 can include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0107] The wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. The UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency or critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private communication or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData). Support for mission-critical functions can include prioritization of services, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency can be used interchangeably herein.

[0108] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, groups of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without involving base station 105.

[0109] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 can be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, the vehicles can communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination of these communications. The vehicles can signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergency situations, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, the vehicles in the V2X system can use vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication to communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), with the network, or with both via one or more network nodes (e.g., base station 105).

[0110] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and the EPC or 5GC may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) that manages access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)) that routes packets or interconnects to external networks. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by base stations 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to the network operator IP service 150. Operator IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0111] Some network devices (such as base stations 105) may include subcomponents, such as access network entities 140, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with each UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmit / receive points (TRPs). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0112] The wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands, for example, in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally speaking, the 300 MHz to 3 GHz region is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter long. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves can penetrate various structures sufficiently for macrocells to provide service to UEs 115 located indoors. Transmissions using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and a shorter range (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) than transmissions using the lower frequencies and longer wavelengths in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0113] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band, such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. When operating in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, devices (such as base stations 105 and UEs 115) may employ carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations in the unlicensed band may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in conjunction with component carriers operating in the licensed band. Operations in the unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among others.

[0114] The base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of the base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with the base station 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The base station 105 may have an antenna array having several rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0115] The base station 105 or the UE 115 can use MIMO communication to exploit multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such a technique may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. For example, a transmitting device may transmit multiple signals via different antennas or different antenna combinations. Similarly, a receiving device may receive multiple signals via different antennas or different antenna combinations. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0116] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating at a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals communicated via antenna elements can include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with that device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0117] The base station 105 or the UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of a beamforming operation. For example, the base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with the UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by the base station 105 in different directions. For example, the base station 105 may transmit signals according to different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. The transmissions in different beam directions may be used (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as the base station 105) or a receiving device (such as the UE 115)) to identify a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the base station 105.

[0118] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular recipient device, may be transmitted by base station 105 in a single beam direction, e.g., a direction associated with a recipient device, such as UE 115. In some examples, a beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions and may report to base station 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0119] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a base station 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from the base station 105 to the UE 105). The UE 115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured number of beams across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. The base station 105 may transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)) that may be precoded or uncoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may use similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115) or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0120] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may attempt multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from base station 105. For example, the receiving device may attempt multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array (e.g., different directional listening weight sets), or processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving data signals). The single receive configuration may be aligned on a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0121] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, the communication of the bearer or packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP-based. The radio link control (RLC) layer can perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate on the logical channel. The media access control (MAC) layer can perform priority handling and multiplex the logical channel into the transport channel. The MAC layer can also use error detection technology, error correction technology, or both to support retransmission of the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the radio resource control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration and maintenance of the RRC connection of the radio bearer that supports user plane data between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or the core network 130. In the physical layer, the transport channel can be mapped to the physical channel.

[0122] Some systems (e.g., systems operating in the millimeter wave (mmW) frequency range) may support beamformed sidelink transmissions to improve throughput and reliability. In some cases, the device may support multi-beam operation or multi-panel operation or a combination thereof, which may allow more than one sidelink transmission to occur simultaneously. In some cases, flexible beam management for beamformed sidelink communications is implemented to manage the beams. The transmitting UE may indicate transmit beam information to the base station, and the base station may use the transmit beam information to schedule sidelink transmissions as part of a beam management procedure. The beam management procedure may allow the transmitting UE to update the transmit beam information based on the mobility of each sidelink UE and other environmental factors. In some cases, a beam training procedure may be implemented to refine the sidelink beam, where support for multi-panel and multi-beam operation may allow multiple beams to be trained simultaneously.

[0123] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 200 may include a base station 105-a and UEs 115-a and 115-b, which may be as described with reference to FIG. Figure 1 An example of a base station 105 and a UE 115 is described. Base station 105-a may serve a geographic coverage area 110-a. In some cases, base station 105-a may implement a flexible beam management scheme for sidelink communications. For example, base station 105-a may schedule sidelink communications between UE 115-a and UE 115-b based on beam information received from transmitting UE 115-a. Additionally or alternatively, other wireless devices (such as UEs 115-a and 115-b, or some combination of these UEs 115) may implement a beam management procedure for sidelink communications.

[0124] In some examples, base station 105-a may also be considered a controller UE, where the controller UE acts as a scheduling entity for sidelink communications with UE 115. That is, the sidelink communications may be controlled (e.g., coordinated, scheduled, allocated, etc.) by the controller UE with respect to the sidelink communications performed between UE 115-a and UE 115-b. Accordingly, the controller UE may schedule and allocate appropriate resources and communicate these resources to UE 115. In some cases, when the controller UE and UE 115-a (e.g., and one or more other UEs served or otherwise controlled by the controller UE) are outside of base station coverage, base station 105-a may be considered a controller UE (e.g., such as a programmable logic controller (PLC) in an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) scenario). The controller UE may thus be designated as a master or anchor UE and may act as a scheduling entity for UE 115 and any other UEs controlled by the controller UE.

[0125] In conventional systems, a UE 115 may be configured to transmit and receive beamformed signals when communicating with a base station 105, and to transmit and receive omnidirectional signals when communicating with another UE 115. Omnidirectional transmissions can reduce network throughput. To increase the throughput and improve the reliability of sidelink communications, a UE 115 may be configured to support transmitting sidelink communications on one or more transmit beams. In some cases, one or more UEs 115 communicating on the sidelink are mobile, which may affect the beam being used for sidelink communications between the UEs 115. Multi-beam and multi-panel operation may be supported to increase the reliability of sidelink transmissions by achieving beam diversity and supporting options for simultaneous transmissions.

[0126] For example, the UE 115 may be configured with multiple antenna panels. In some cases, the UE 115 may include antenna panels located at the front, rear, or sides of the UE 115, or a combination thereof. The panels may be oriented in different directions. Multiple antenna panels may allow the UE 115 to support MU-MIMO and SU-MIMO, so that the UE 115 can simultaneously transmit more than one beamformed signal to one or more UEs 115. In MU-MIMO, a transmitting UE 115-a can simultaneously transmit a signal (e.g., a data stream) to more than one UE 115. In SU-MIMO, a transmitting UE 115-a can simultaneously transmit multiple signals (e.g., a data stream) to one UE 115. When the transmissions are transmitted simultaneously from the transmitting UE 115, the beams may have high orthogonality and may be spatially separated to mitigate interference from the simultaneous transmissions. In some implementations, the simultaneous sidelink transmissions are orthogonalized via CDM or FDM (e.g., CDM / sequence or FDM instead of TDM). In some implementations, a set of transmit beams that are simultaneously used to transmit sidelink communications may be referred to as a transmit beam pair.

[0127] Sidelink transmissions may be transmitted via beams from different antenna panels. For example, a transmitting UE 115-a may transmit a first data stream from a side panel and another data stream from a front panel. Transmitting simultaneous transmissions from different panels may provide antenna diversity for mobile UE 115. For example, a transmitting UE 115-a may simultaneously transmit the same data stream to a receiving UE 115-b on multiple beams. In one example, receiving UE 115-b may receive a data stream from a beam emitted from the side panel of transmitting UE 115-a. Receiving UE 115-b, transmitting UE 115-a, or both may be mobile, and receiving UE 115-b may, in a second example, receive the same data stream from a beam emitted from the front of transmitting UE 115-b. In some cases, receiving UE 115-b receives both data streams simultaneously. Simultaneously transmitting the same data stream on different beams may improve the reliability of sidelink communications. In some cases, the two transmissions may be transmitted via different beams but using the same antenna panel.

[0128] In some cases, different data streams can be transmitted simultaneously on different beams. For example, transmitting UE 115-a can simultaneously transmit a first data stream on a first beam and a second data stream on a second beam. Receiving UE 115-b can receive both data streams simultaneously. In some cases, the beams can be transmitted using different antenna panels. In other cases, the beams can be transmitted using the same antenna panel. Using different antenna panels for simultaneous transmission can reduce peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and maximum power reduction (MPR) because each antenna panel is associated with a different power amplifier (PA).

[0129] To perform sidelink communications, the system may support Mode 1 scheduling, in which the base station 105 may explicitly schedule sidelink transmissions. In conventional systems, the base station 105 may schedule sidelink communications by indicating time and frequency resources to one or both of the sidelink UEs 115. In systems utilizing beamforming for sidelink transmissions, the base station 105 may indicate to one or both of the sidelink UEs 115 the beam identifiers (IDs), time resources, and frequency resources to be used for one or more sidelink transmissions. The base station 105 may indicate the transmit beam to be used for sidelink communications via DCI, RRC, or MAC control element (MAC-CE).

[0130] To support beamformed sidelink transmissions and Mode 1 scheduling, a beam management procedure may be implemented. The beam management procedure may be a procedure for training beams, indicating beam information from the UE 115 to the base station 105, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the beam management procedure may be flexible so that transmit or receive beam information can be updated as the UE 115 moves and as cell conditions change. The base station 105 may schedule sidelink communications based on the beam management procedure.

[0131] For example, to support Mode 1 SU / MU-MIMO scheduling on the sidelink, the transmitting UE 115 may indicate to the base station 105 which transmit beams are well-separated in space. In some cases, the transmitting UE 115 may indicate all beam shapes and panel orientations for the transmitting UE 115. In some implementations, the transmitting UE 115 may indicate the beam shape for each antenna panel and each beam ID. Indicating the beam shape and panel orientation to the base station 105 may allow the base station 105 to effectively schedule sidelink transmissions. The panel orientation may refer to the geometric location of the antenna panel within the UE 115, which may be related to the local coordination system (LCS) of the UE 115. In some cases, indicating the beam shape and panel orientation information to the base station 105 may allow the base station 105 to effectively mitigate interference. In this case, the transmitting UE 115 may indicate all beam-related information to the base station, including information related to transmit beam pairs that are well-separated in space as well as transmit beam pairs that are not well-separated in space.

[0132] In other cases, the transmitting UE 115 may indicate a pair of spatially well-separated transmit beams to the base station 105. The transmitting UE 115 may indicate the spatially separated transmit beam pairs using beam IDs. This indication may result in low overhead, which may allow frequent updates of the beam pairs as cell conditions change and the sidelink UE 115 moves. Indicating the spatially well-separated beams may allow the transmitting UE 115 to be more flexible with respect to the beam shape, beam codebook, or a combination thereof, since the beams may be frequently changed and updated for the base station 105.

[0133] In some other cases, the transmitting UE 115 may not transmit beam information to the base station 105. Instead, the base station 105 may determine which transmit beams are separated based on the beam reports. The receiving UE 115 may perform beam-related measurements and generate a beam report based on the corresponding sidelink group. The report may include performance metrics such as rank, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), spectral efficiency, cross-beam interference, etc., or any combination thereof. The receiving UE 115 may transmit the measurement report to the base station 105. The base station 105 may compare the sidelink beam reports across pairs to determine a favorable transmit beam pair.

[0134] For example, a transmitting UE 115-a may indicate beam information to a base station 105-a via an access link 205-a. In some implementations, a receiving UE 115-b may indicate beam information to the base station 105-a via an access link 215-a. The base station 105-a may transmit a sidelink schedule to the transmitting UE 115-a and the receiving UE 115-b based on the beam information received from the transmitting UE 115-a, the receiving UE 115-b, or a combination thereof, wherein the sidelink schedule indication may include a beam ID and time and frequency resources for sidelink transmission. The transmitting UE 115-a and the receiving UE 115-b may communicate on the sidelinks 210-a and 210-b using the transmit beam 220 and receive beam 225 according to the received schedule. In some cases, the transmitting UE 115-a may transmit on multiple beams simultaneously. Simultaneously, beamforming transmission and flexible beam management procedures can increase the throughput and reliability of sidelink communications.

[0135] Figure 3 An example of sidelink beamforming 300 supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The sidelink beamforming 300 may include UEs 115-c and 115-d, which may be as described with reference to FIG. Figure 1 and 2 1. An example of a UE 115 is described. UE 115 may be within geographic coverage area 110-a. In some cases, UEs 115-c and 115-d may implement a flexible beam management scheme for sidelink communications. For example, UE 115-c may transmit beam information to a base station, perform beam training, or a combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, other wireless devices, such as UE 115-d, may implement beam management procedures for sidelink communications.

[0136] Beam training can be a procedure for refining transmit and receive beams and can be referred to as a beam management procedure. Beam training can have different steps, such as P1, P2, and P3. During P1, the base station can transmit an indication to the transmitting UE 115 of a wide beam. For example, the base station can transmit an indication to the transmitting UE 115-c that wide beam 305 is to be used. During P2, the transmitting UE 115 can divide the indicated wide beam into a number of narrow beams that can be accommodated within the wide beam. For example, narrow transmit beam 310 can be accommodated within wide transmit beam 305. The transmitting UE 115 can transmit to the receiving UE 115 on each narrow transmit beam. The receiving UE 115 can receive each narrow transmit beam on all receive antenna panels or on a subset of antenna panels. The receiving UE 115 can measure the quality of each transmit beam based on reference signal received power (RSRP), SINR, and the like. Receiving UE 115 may report these measurements to transmitting UE 115, or a base station, or a combination thereof. In some cases, receiving UE 115 may transmit an indication of one or more transmit beams (e.g., one or more optimal transmit beams) to transmitting UE 115, or a base station, or a combination thereof. The base station, transmitting UE 115, or a combination thereof may determine one or more transmit beams (e.g., one or more optimal transmit beams) based on these measurements, or the preferred transmit beam indicated by receiving UE 115, or a combination thereof. The one or more selected narrow transmit beams may also be selected based on cell conditions. For example, narrow transmit beams 310-a and 310-c may be selected.

[0137] During P3, transmitting UE 115 may transmit to receiving UE 115 on the one or more selected narrow transmit beams for a certain amount of time. For example, transmitting UE 115-c transmits to receiving UE 115-d on narrow beams 310-a and 310-c. Receiving UE 115 may receive signals from the selected transmit beams using different panels and beam configurations at receiving UE 115. For example, receiving UE 115 may receive signals on a pair of receive beams, on a single receive beam, on two or more receive beams, on multiple beams from different antenna panels, on multiple receive beams from the same panel, and so on. For example, receiving UE 115-d may receive transmissions on beams 315-a, 315-b, and 315-c. Receiving UE 115 may measure each signal received from the selected transmit beams on each receive beam and report a measurement report to the base station, transmitting UE 115, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the receiving UE 115 indicates one or more preferred receive beams to the base station, the transmitting UE 115, or a combination thereof. The base station, the transmitting UE 115, or a combination thereof may select one or more receive beams based on measurements, indications of preferred beams, or a combination thereof from the receiving UE 115. The one or more preferred receive beams may be selected based on cell conditions (such as other communications occurring nearby) to avoid potential interference from or with neighboring devices.

[0138] In conventional systems, UE 115 may train transmit or receive beams so that each panel and beam is trained individually at separate times, which can result in significant beam sweeping overhead and latency. For example, a transmitting UE 115 sweeps a transmit beam at different times during P1 or P2, resulting in system latency due to beam training. Some other systems can reduce latency by simultaneously training multiple beams, panels, or a combination thereof. For example, a transmitting UE 115 may sweep more than one transmit beam at the same time during P1, P2, or a combination thereof via CDM or FDM. In some cases, UE 115 may simultaneously train multiple beams, each from a separate antenna panel. In some cases, if the number of beams to be swept within the same duration is greater than the number of available panels, more than one beam may be sent from the same panel. In some cases, a transmitting UE 115 or a receiving UE 115 may indicate to the base station which beams to be trained simultaneously. In some other cases, the base station may indicate to the transmitting UE 115, or the receiving UE 115, or a combination thereof, the beams to be trained simultaneously.

[0139] In some cases, simultaneous beam training is done with Figure 21 beam management procedure is separate from the described Mode 1 beam scheduling procedure. In some other cases, simultaneous beam training may be used in conjunction with Mode 1 beam scheduling. For example, the results of P1, or P2, or a combination thereof may be transmitted to the base station, and based on the beam information for Mode 1 scheduling indicated by the transmitting UE 115, the base station may determine the serving transmit beam pair for MIMO operation from the best transmit beam from P1 or P2. In some cases, if MIMO utilizes N layers, there may be N transmit beams, and in one example N=2. In some cases, if the P2 result may not be available, the best beam may be a wide beam (e.g., a wide beam) from P1, and if the P2 result is available, the best beam may be a narrow beam from P2. In some other cases, beam training may be performed from P1 to P3, and then the transmitting UE 115 may indicate the beam information for Mode 1 scheduling to the base station. In some other cases, the transmitting UE 115 may indicate beam information for Mode 1 scheduling, and the base station may implement a beam training procedure prior to Mode 1 scheduling.

[0140] Figure 4 An example of a process flow 400 for supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The process flow 400 may illustrate an example of a beam management procedure for sidelink transmissions. For example, the base station 105-b may schedule sidelink transmissions for the UEs 115-e and 115-f based on beam information received from these UEs. The base station 105-b and the UEs 115-e and 115-f may be referenced. Figures 1 to 3 Examples of corresponding wireless devices are described. In some cases, instead of base station 105-b implementing the beam management procedure, a different type of wireless device (e.g., UE 115) may perform beam management. The following alternative examples may be implemented, with some steps performed in a different order than described or not performed at all. In some cases, each step may include additional features not described below, or further steps may be added.

[0141] At 405, the transmitting UE 115-f and the receiving UE 115-e may establish a sidelink communication link.

[0142] At 410, the transmitting UE 115-f may transmit transmit beam information to the base station 105-b. In some cases, the beam information may include a set of beam parameters for a set of transmit beams used for sidelink communication between the transmitting UE 115-f and the receiving UE 115-e. In some cases, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include transmitting beam shape information regarding the set of transmit beams. In some cases, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include transmitting a panel orientation of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams. In some cases, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include transmitting a geometric position of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams. In some cases, transmitting the set of beam parameters may include transmitting a relative position of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams relative to the transmitting UE 115-f. In some cases, the set of beam parameters may include a beam identifier for the set of transmit beams, codebook information regarding the set of transmit beams, beam shape information specific to each antenna panel of the first UE based on the beam identifier, and the like. In some examples, the base station can be an example of a cellular base station or a controller UE.

[0143] In some cases, the beam information may include a set of beam pairs. For example, a transmitting UE 115-f may transmit a set of beam pairs for a set of transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication between the transmitting UE 115-f and the receiving UE 115-e to the base station 105-b, where each beam pair in the set of beam pairs may correspond to a spatially separated pair of transmit beams at the transmitting UE 115-f. Transmitting the set of beam pairs may include transmitting a corresponding transmit beam identifier for each pair of transmit beams in the set of beam pairs.

[0144] At 415 and 420, the base station 105-b may transmit a sidelink schedule to the transmitting UE 115-f, the receiving UE 115-e, or a combination thereof. In some cases, receiving the sidelink schedule at the UE 115 may include receiving transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the transmitting UE 115-f to the receiving UE 115-e, the transmit beam information may include an indication of one or more transmit beams to be used to transmit the sidelink message. In some cases, the transmit beam information is received via DCI, RRC signaling, or MAC-CE. In some cases, the transmit beam information may include a beam identifier and a time-frequency resource configuration for each of the one or more transmit beams.

[0145] At 425, the transmitting UE 115-f may transmit the sidelink message to the receiving UE 115-e using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information.

[0146] Figure 5An example of a process flow 500 for supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The process flow 500 may illustrate an example beam training scheme for refining beams for sidelink transmissions. For example, the base station 105-c may indicate a beam training procedure to the UEs 115-g and 115-h. The base station 105-c and the UEs 115-g and 115-h may be referenced. Figures 1 to 4 Examples of corresponding wireless devices are described. In some cases, instead of base station 105-c implementing the beam training scheme, a different type of wireless device (e.g., UE 115) may perform beam training. The following alternative examples may be implemented, with some steps performed in a different order than described or not performed at all. In some cases, each step may include additional features not described below, or further steps may be added.

[0147] As reference Figure 3 As described, the system may perform beam training to refine one or more transmit and receive beams. In some cases, beam training may be performed so that multiple beams, or multiple panels, or a combination thereof may be trained simultaneously. In some cases, the base station 105-c may transmit beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between a transmitting UE 115-h and a receiving UE 115-g. The beam training information may be transmitted to the transmitting UE 115-h, or the receiving UE 115-g, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the beam training information may be transmitted to the transmitting UE 115-h, and the transmitting UE 115-h may relay the information to the receiving UE 115-g. In some cases, transmitting beam training information to receiving UE 115-g may include transmitting additional beam training information to receiving UE 115-g for a sidelink beam training procedure between transmitting UE 115-g and receiving UE 115-h based on antenna panel information received from receiving UE 115-g, wherein the additional beam training information may indicate that the beam training procedure is for different antenna panels used by receiving UE 115-g during partially overlapping time periods. In some cases, the additional beam training information may include some or all of the beam training information from base station 105-c. Alternatively, the additional beam training information may not include beam training information from base station 105-c.

[0148] At 505, the base station 105-c may proceed according to P1 of the beam training procedure so that the base station 105-c may transmit an indication of a wide beam to the transmitting UE 115-h. At 510, the transmitting UE 115-h may divide the indicated wide beam into a number of narrow beams according to P2 of the beam training procedure, wherein the narrow beams can be accommodated within the wide beam. At 515, the transmitting UE 115-h may transmit on each narrow transmit beam to the receiving UE 115-g. The receiving UE 115-g may receive each narrow transmit beam on all receive antenna panels or on a subset of antenna panels. In some cases, multiple transmit beams or panels may be trained simultaneously. Each simultaneous transmission may be orthogonalized via CDM or FDM.

[0149] At 520, the receiving UE 115-g may measure the quality of each transmit beam based on RSRP, SINR, etc. At 525, the receiving UE 115-g may generate a measurement report of the narrow transmit beam measurements. The measurement report may indicate a rank indicator, SINR, spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or a combination thereof.

[0150] The receiving UE 115-g may transmit the measurement report to the transmitting UE 115-g, or the base station 105-c, or a combination thereof, at 530 and 535. In some cases, the receiving UE 115-g may transmit an indication of one or more transmit beams (e.g., one or more optimal transmit beams) to the transmitting UE 115-h, or the base station 105-c, or a combination thereof.

[0151] The base station 105-c, the transmitting UE 115-h, or a combination thereof may select one or more narrow transmit beams (e.g., optimal narrow transmit beams) based on the measurements, the preferred transmit beam indicated by the receiving UE 115-g, or a combination thereof, at 540. The one or more selected narrow transmit beams may also be selected based on cell conditions to mitigate interference from or to neighboring devices.

[0152] At 545, the transmitting UE 115-h may transmit to the receiving UE 115-g on the one or more selected narrow transmit beams for a certain amount of time according to P3 of the beam training procedure. The receiving UE 115-g may receive signals from the selected transmit beams using different panels and beam configurations at the receiving UE 115. For example, the receiving UE 115-g may receive signals on a receive beam pair, on one receive beam, on more than two receive beams, on multiple beams from different antenna panels, on multiple receive beams from the same panel, and so on. In some cases, multiple receive beams or panels may be trained simultaneously.

[0153] The receiving UE 115-g may measure each signal received from the selected transmit beam on each receive beam at 550. The receiving UE 115-g may generate a measurement report of the receive beam measurements at 555. The measurement report may indicate a rank indicator, SINR, spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or a combination thereof.

[0154] The receiving UE 115-g may transmit the measurement report to the base station 105-c, the transmitting UE 115-h, or a combination thereof at 560 and 565. In some cases, the receiving UE 115-g may indicate one or more preferred receive beams to the base station 105-c, the transmitting UE 115-h, or a combination thereof.

[0155] The base station 105-c, the transmitting UE 115-h, or a combination thereof may select one or more receive beams based on measurements from the receiving UE 115-g, or an indication of a preferred beam, or a combination thereof, at 570. The one or more preferred receive beams may be selected based on cell conditions (such as other communications occurring nearby) to avoid potential interference from or with neighboring devices.

[0156] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 of a device 605 supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 605 can be an example of aspects of the UE 115 as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a communication manager 615, and a transmitter 620. The device 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0157] The receiver 610 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to sidelink beam management, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may be a reference Figure 9 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 920. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0158] The communication manager 615 may establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receive transmit beam information from a base station for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams for transmitting the sidelink message; and transmit the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information. The communication manager 615 may also establish a sidelink communication link with the second UE; receive beam training information from a base station for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; and perform the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information. The communication manager 615 may also establish a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE; transmit information related to beamformed communications via the sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE to the base station; and receive beamformed transmissions from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communication link based on the information. The communication manager 615 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 910 described herein.

[0159] The communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, in code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0160] The communication manager 615 or its subcomponents can be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 615 or its subcomponents can be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 615 or its subcomponents can be combined with one or more other hardware components (including, but not limited to, input / output (I / O) components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof).

[0161] The transmitter 620 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 605. In some examples, the transmitter 620 may be co-located with the receiver 610 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 620 may be a reference Figure 9 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 920. The transmitter 620 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0162] The communication manager 615 as described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages. One implementation can allow the device 605 to implement a beam management procedure, and in particular, allow the device 605 to indicate beam information to a base station, which the base station can use to schedule sidelink communications to increase sidelink communication reliability and throughput. For example, the device 605 can indicate one or more beam parameters to the base station, and the base station can transmit and indicate scheduling for sidelink communications based on the beam information, where the scheduling indication can include the beam information.

[0163] Based on implementing the beam management procedure so that multi-beam and multi-panel transmission as described herein can be supported, the processor of the UE 115 (eg, controlling the receiver 610, the transmitter 620, or the like) Figure 9 The described transceiver 920) can increase reliability and throughput associated with sidelink communications because sidelink transmissions can occur on one or more transmit beams, or antenna panels, or a combination thereof, so that multiple sidelink transmissions can occur simultaneously.

[0164] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a device 705 supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 705 can be an example of aspects of the device 605 or UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a communication manager 715, and a transmitter 765. The device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0165] The receiver 710 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to sidelink beam management, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may be a reference Figure 9 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 920. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0166] The communications manager 715 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 615 as described herein. The communications manager 715 may include a sidelink communications manager 720, a transmit beam information receiver 725, a sidelink message transmitter 730, a sidelink communications module 735, a beam training information receiver 740, a beam training module 745, a sidelink communications component 750, a beamformed information transmitter 755, and a beamformed transmission receiver 760. The communications manager 715 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 910 as described herein.

[0167] The sidelink communication manager 720 may establish a sidelink communication link with the second UE. The transmit beam information receiver 725 may receive transmit beam information from the base station for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message. The sidelink message transmitter 730 may transmit the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information.

[0168] The sidelink communication module 735 may establish a sidelink communication link with the second UE. The beam training information receiver 740 may receive beam training information from the base station for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE. The beam training module 745 may perform the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information.

[0169] The sidelink communication component 750 can establish a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE. The beamformed information transmitter 755 can transmit information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and a receiving UE to a base station. The beamformed transmission receiver 760 can receive a beamformed transmission from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communication link based on the information.

[0170] The transmitter 765 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 705. In some examples, the transmitter 765 can be co-located with the receiver 710 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 765 can be a reference Figure 9 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 920. The transmitter 765 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0171] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a communication manager 805 supporting sidelink beam management in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 805 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 615, the communication manager 715, or the communication manager 910 described herein. The communication manager 805 can include a sidelink communication manager 810, a transmit beam information receiver 815, a sidelink message transmitter 820, an information transmitter 825, a sidelink communication module 830, a beam training information receiver 835, a beam training module 840, a sidelink communication component 845, a beamformed information transmitter 850, and a beamformed transmission receiver 855. Each of these modules can communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0172] The sidelink communication manager 810 may establish a sidelink communication link with the second UE. The transmit beam information receiver 815 may receive transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE from a base station, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message. In some cases, the first UE and the second UE are configured for MIMO communication via the sidelink communication link. In some cases, the transmit beam information receiver 815 may receive the transmit beam information via DCI, RRC signaling, or MAC-CE. In some cases, the transmit beam information includes a beam identifier and a time-frequency resource configuration for each of the one or more transmit beams.

[0173] The sidelink message transmitter 820 may transmit the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information. The sidelink communication module 830 may establish a sidelink communication link with the second UE. The beam training information receiver 835 may receive beam training information from a base station for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE.

[0174] The beam training module 840 may perform the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information. In some examples, the beam training module 840 receives antenna panel information from the second UE, and the antenna panel information includes the number of antenna panels and corresponding panel orientations of the antenna panel set of the second UE. In some examples, the beam training module 840 may transmit beam training information for the sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the second UE based on the antenna panel information, wherein the beam training information indicates that the sidelink beam training procedure is for different antenna panels used by the second UE during partially overlapping time periods. In some examples, the beam training module 840 may concurrently transmit reference signals via multiple transmit beams at the first UE.

[0175] In some examples, the beam training module 840 may transmit a report of a sidelink beam training procedure to the base station based on the transmission of the reference signal. In some examples, the beam training module 840 may receive transmit beam information in response to the report. In some examples, the beam training module 840 may transmit an indication of one or more wide beams for the sidelink beam training procedure of the first UE to the base station to obtain one or more narrow beams for the sidelink beam training procedure of the first UE. In some cases, the base station may include a cellular base station or a controller UE.

[0176] In some examples, the beam training module 840 may receive additional beam training information from the base station, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that different antenna panels at the second UE are to be used during partially overlapping time periods. In some examples, the beam training module 840 may transmit the additional beam training information to the second UE. In some cases, the beam training information indicates a set of transmit beams at the first UE. In some cases, the sidelink beam training procedure is performed simultaneously for multiple transmit beams in the set of transmit beams. In some cases, the sidelink beam training procedure is an orthogonalized beam training procedure using different antenna panels of the first UE or the same antenna panel of the first UE according to one of CDM, sequence-based training, or FDM.

[0177] Sidelink communication component 845 can establish a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE.Beamformed information transmitter 850 can transmit information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and a receiving UE to a base station.

[0178] In some examples, a set of beam parameters of a receive beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE is transmitted to a base station, wherein the beam parameter set includes beam shape information about the receive beam set, panel orientations of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set, geometric positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set, relative positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set relative to the first UE, a beam identifier of the receive beam set, codebook information about the receive beam set, and beam shape information about each antenna panel of the receiving UE that varies according to the beam identifier.

[0179] In some examples, the beamforming information transmitter 850 may transmit to the base station a set of beam pairs of a receive beam set for sidelink communication between a first UE and a second UE, where each beam pair in the set of beam pairs corresponds to a spatially separated receive beam pair at the receiving UE.

[0180] In some examples, the beamforming information transmitter 850 may transmit a beam report to a base station or a transmitting UE, wherein the beam report indicates one or more measurement parameters of a received beam pair at a receiving UE, wherein the one or more measurement parameters include a rank indicator, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof.

[0181] The beamformed transmission receiver 855 may receive a beamformed transmission from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communication link based on the information.

[0182] The information transmitter 825 may transmit a set of beam parameters of a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE to the base station, the transmit beam set including the one or more transmit beams. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit beam shape information about the transmit beam set. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit the panel orientation of one or more antenna panels associated with the transmit beam set. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit the geometric position of one or more antenna panels associated with the transmit beam set. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit the relative position of one or more antenna panels associated with the transmit beam set relative to the first UE. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit a beam identifier of the transmit beam set.

[0183] In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit codebook information about the set of transmit beams. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit beam shape information that varies with the beam identifier for each antenna panel of the first UE. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit a set of beam pairs of a set of transmit beams for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE to the base station, wherein each beam pair in the set of beam pairs corresponds to a spatially separated transmit beam pair at the first UE. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit a corresponding transmit beam identifier for each pair of transmit beams in the set of beam pairs.

[0184] In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit measurement information associated with sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE to the base station, wherein the transmit beam information is based on the measurement information. In some examples, the information transmitter 825 may transmit a beam report indicating one or more measurement parameters of the transmit beam pair at the first UE. In some cases, the one or more measurement parameters include a rank indicator, a signal to interference plus noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof.

[0185] Figure 9 A diagram of a system 900 including a device 905 supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 905 can be an example of, or include components of, the device 605, device 705, or UE 115 as described herein. The device 905 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 910, an I / O controller 915, a transceiver 920, an antenna 925, a memory 930, and a processor 940. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 945).

[0186] The communication manager 910 may establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receive transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from a first UE to the second UE from a base station, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams for transmitting the sidelink message; and transmit the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information. The communication manager 910 may also establish a sidelink communication link with the second UE; receive beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE from a base station; and perform the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information. The communication manager 910 may also establish a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE; transmit information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE to the base station; and receive beamformed transmissions from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communication link based on the information.

[0187] I / O controller 915 can manage input and output signals for device 905. I / O controller 915 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 905. In some cases, I / O controller 915 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 915 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. In other cases, I / O controller 915 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 915 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with device 905 via I / O controller 915 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 915.

[0188] The transceiver 920 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 920 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 920 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0189] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 925. However, in some cases, the device may have more than one antenna 925, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0190] The memory 930 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 930 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 935 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 930 may contain, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0191] The processor 940 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 940 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 940. The processor 940 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 930) to cause the device 905 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting sidelink beam management).

[0192] The code 935 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 935 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, the code 935 may not be directly executed by the processor 940, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0193] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 is shown of a device 1005 supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 can be an example of aspects of a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1005 can include a receiver 1010, a communication manager 1015, and a transmitter 1020. The device 1005 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0194] The receiver 1010 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to sidelink beam management, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1005. The receiver 1010 may be a reference Figure 13 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1320. The receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0195] The communication manager 1015 may establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determine one or more transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE for the first UE; and transmit transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE to the first UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message. The communication manager 1015 may also establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with the second UE; determine beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; and transmit an indication of the beam training information to the first UE. The communication manager 1015 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1310 described herein.

[0196] The communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, in code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0197] The communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents can be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents can be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents can be combined with one or more other hardware components (including, but not limited to, input / output (I / O) components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof).

[0198] The transmitter 1020 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1005. In some examples, the transmitter 1020 may be co-located with the receiver 1010 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1020 may be a reference Figure 13 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1320. The transmitter 1020 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0199] Figure 11A block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1105 can be an example of aspects of the device 1005 or base station 105 as described herein. The device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a communication manager 1115, and a transmitter 1150. The device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0200] The receiver 1110 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to sidelink beam management, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1105. The receiver 1110 may be a reference Figure 13 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1320. The receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0201] The communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1015 as described herein. The communication manager 1115 may include a communication link manager 1120, a transmit beam manager 1125, a transmit beam information transmitter 1130, a communication link component 1135, a beam training information manager 1140, and a beam training information component 1145. The communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1310 as described herein.

[0202] The communication link manager 1120 may establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE. The transmit beam manager 1125 may determine, for the first UE, one or more transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE. The transmit beam information transmitter 1130 may transmit, to the first UE, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message.

[0203] The communication link component 1135 may establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE. The beam training information manager 1140 may determine beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE. The beam training information component 1145 may transmit an indication of the beam training information to the first UE.

[0204] The transmitter 1150 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1105. In some examples, the transmitter 1150 may be co-located with the receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1150 may be a reference Figure 13Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1320. The transmitter 1150 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0205] Figure 12 A block diagram 1200 of a communication manager 1205 supporting sidelink beam management in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1205 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1015, the communication manager 1115, or the communication manager 1310 described herein. The communication manager 1205 can include a communication link manager 1210, a transmit beam manager 1215, a transmit beam information transmitter 1220, an information receiver 1225, a communication link component 1230, a beam training information manager 1235, and a beam training information component 1240. Each of these modules can communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0206] The communication link manager 1210 may establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE. The transmit beam manager 1215 may determine, for the first UE, one or more transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE. In some examples, the transmit beam manager 1215 may determine the one or more transmit beams based on the beam parameter set. In some examples, the transmit beam manager 1215 may determine the one or more transmit beams based on the beam pair set.

[0207] In some examples, the transmit beam manager 1215 may determine the one or more transmit beams based on the measurement information. In some examples, the transmit beam manager 1215 may transmit beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the first UE, the beam training information indicating a set of transmit beams at the first UE. In some examples, the transmit beam manager 1215 may determine the one or more transmit beams based on the report. In some examples, the transmit beam manager 1215 may transmit beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the second UE or the first UE based on antenna panel information, wherein the beam training information indicates that the sidelink beam training procedure is for different antenna panels used by the second UE during partially overlapping time periods.

[0208] In some examples, transmit beam manager 1215 may transmit additional beam training information to the first UE, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that a different antenna panel at the second UE is to be used during the partially overlapping time period. In some cases, the transmit beam information includes a beam identifier and a time-frequency resource configuration for each of the one or more transmit beams.

[0209] Transmit beam information transmitter 1220 may transmit, to a first UE, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to a second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message. In some examples, transmit beam information transmitter 1220 may transmit the transmit beam information via DCI, RRC signaling, or MAC-CE.

[0210] Communication link component 1230 may establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE. Beam training information manager 1235 may determine beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE. Beam training information component 1240 may transmit an indication of the beam training information to the first UE.

[0211] The information receiver 1225 may receive, from a first UE or a second UE, a set of beam parameters for a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE, where the transmit beam set includes the one or more transmit beams. In some examples, the information receiver 1225 may receive, from the first UE or the second UE, a set of beam pairs for a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE, where each beam pair in the set of beam pairs corresponds to a spatially separated transmit beam pair at the first UE.

[0212] In some examples, information receiver 1225 may receive measurement information associated with sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE from the first UE or the second UE. In some examples, information receiver 1225 may receive a report of a sidelink beam training procedure from the first UE or the second UE based on the beam training information. In some examples, information receiver 1225 may receive antenna panel information from the second UE, the antenna panel information including the number of antenna panels and corresponding panel orientations of the antenna panel set of the second UE.

[0213] In some examples, the information receiver 1225 may receive an indication of one or more wide beams used for a sidelink beam training procedure for the first UE from a first UE to obtain one or more narrow beams used for a sidelink beam training procedure for the first UE. In some cases, the beam parameter set includes beam shape information about the transmit beam set. In some cases, the beam parameter set may include panel orientations of one or more antenna panels associated with the transmit beam set. In some cases, the beam parameter set may include geometric positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the transmit beam set. In some cases, the beam parameter set includes relative positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the transmit beam set relative to the first UE. In some cases, the beam parameter set includes a beam identifier of the transmit beam set.

[0214] In some cases, the set of beam parameters includes codebook information for the set of transmit beams. In some cases, the set of beam parameters includes beam shape information specific to each antenna panel of the first UE, depending on the beam identifier. In some cases, the set of beam pairs includes a respective transmit beam identifier for each pair of transmit beams in the set of beam pairs. In some cases, the measurement information includes a rank indicator, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof, associated with the set of transmit beams of the first UE.

[0215] Figure 13 A diagram of a system 1300 including a device 1305 supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. Device 1305 may be an example of, or include components of, device 1005, device 1105, or base station 105 as described herein. Device 1305 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager 1310, a network communications manager 1315, a transceiver 1320, an antenna 1325, a memory 1330, a processor 1340, and an inter-station communications manager 1345. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1350).

[0216] The communication manager 1310 may establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determine one or more transmit beams to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE for the first UE; and transmit transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE to the first UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams to be used for transmitting the sidelink message. The communication manager 1310 may also establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determine beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; and transmit an indication of the beam training information to the first UE.

[0217] The network communications manager 1315 may manage communications with the core network (eg, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1315 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115.

[0218] The transceiver 1320 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 1320 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1320 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0219] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1325. However, in some cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1325, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0220] Memory 1330 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1330 may store computer-readable code 1335 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1340), cause the device to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1330 may include, among other things, a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0221] Processor 1340 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1340 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1340. Processor 1340 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1330) to cause device 1305 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting sidelink beam management).

[0222] The inter-site communication manager 1345 can manage communications with other base stations 105 and can include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UE 115 in coordination with the other base stations 105. For example, the inter-site communication manager 1345 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to the UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques, such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-site communication manager 1345 can provide an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between the base stations 105.

[0223] The code 1335 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1335 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, the code 1335 may not be directly executed by the processor 1340, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0224] Figure 14 14. A flow chart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 6 to 9 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0225] At 1405, the UE may establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE. The operations of 1405 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The sidelink communication manager described is used to perform.

[0226] At 1410, the UE may receive, from a base station, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message. The operations of 1410 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described transmit beam information is performed by a receiver.

[0227] At 1415, the UE may transmit the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information. The operations of 1415 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described sidelink message transmitter is performed.

[0228] Figure 15 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 6 to 9In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0229] At 1505, the UE may establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The sidelink communication manager described is used to perform.

[0230] At 1510, the UE may transmit to the base station a set of beam parameters for a set of transmit beams for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE, the transmit beam set including the one or more transmit beams. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described information transmitter is executed.

[0231] At 1515, the UE may receive, from a base station, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described transmit beam information is performed by a receiver.

[0232] At 1520, the UE may transmit the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based on the transmit beam information. The operations of 1520 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1520 may be as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described sidelink message transmitter is performed.

[0233] Figure 16 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 6 to 9 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0234] At 1605, the UE may establish a sidelink communication link with a second UE. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The side link communication module described is used to perform.

[0235] At 1610, the UE may receive beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE from a base station. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The beam training information described is performed by the receiver.

[0236] At 1615, the UE may perform the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based on the beam training information. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The beam training module described is performed.

[0237] Figure 17 1700 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 6 to 9 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0238] At 1705, the UE may establish a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some cases, the UE may be a receiving UE and may not have a communication link established with a base station. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The sidelink communication components described are used to perform.

[0239] At 1710, the UE may transmit information related to beamformed communications via a sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE to a base station. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described beamforming information is performed by the transmitter.

[0240] At 1715, the UE may receive a beamformed transmission from the transmitting UE via a sidelink communication link based on the information. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described beamforming transmission is performed by a receiver.

[0241] Figure 18 1800 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by the base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by the base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 10 to 13 In some examples, a base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0242] At 1805, the base station may establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 10 to 13 The communication link manager described is executed.

[0243] At 1810, the base station may determine one or more transmit beams for the first UE to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE. The operations of 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 10 to 13 The described transmit beam manager is executed.

[0244] At 1815, the base station may transmit, to the first UE, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message. The operations of 1815 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 10 to 13 The described transmit beam information is performed by a transmitter.

[0245] Figure 19 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting sidelink beam management according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by the base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by the base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 10 to 13In some examples, a base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0246] At 1905, the base station may establish a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE. The operations of 1905 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be as described with reference to Figures 10 to 13 The described communication link components are implemented.

[0247] At 1910, the base station may determine beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE. The operations of 1910 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be as described with reference to Figures 10 to 13 The beam training information manager described is used to perform the

[0248] At 1915, the base station may transmit an indication of the beam training information to the first UE. The operations of 1915 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 10 to 13 The beam training information component described is performed.

[0249] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0250] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a first UE, comprising: establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receiving transmit beam information from a base station for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of one or more transmit beams for transmitting the sidelink message; and transmitting the sidelink message to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on the transmit beam information.

[0251] Aspect 2: The method as described in Aspect 1 further includes: transmitting a beam parameter set of a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE to the base station, the transmit beam set including the one or more transmit beams.

[0252] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2, wherein transmitting the set of beam parameters comprises: transmitting beam shape information about the set of transmit beams.

[0253] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 3, wherein transmitting the set of beam parameters comprises: transmitting a panel orientation of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams.

[0254] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 4, wherein transmitting the set of beam parameters comprises: transmitting geometric positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams.

[0255] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 5, wherein transmitting the set of beam parameters includes: transmitting relative positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams relative to the first UE.

[0256] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 6, wherein transmitting the set of beam parameters comprises: transmitting a beam identifier of the set of transmit beams.

[0257] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 7, wherein transmitting the set of beam parameters comprises: transmitting codebook information about the set of transmit beams.

[0258] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 8, wherein transmitting the beam parameter set includes: transmitting beam shape information that varies according to a beam identifier for each antenna panel of the first UE.

[0259] Aspect 10: The method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 9 further includes: transmitting to the base station a beam pair set of transmit beam sets for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE, wherein each beam pair in the beam pair set corresponds to a spatially separated transmit beam pair at the first UE.

[0260] Aspect 11: The method of aspect 10, wherein transmitting the set of beam pairs comprises: transmitting a corresponding transmit beam identifier for each pair of transmit beams in the set of beam pairs.

[0261] Aspect 12: The method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 11 further includes: transmitting measurement information associated with the sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE to the base station, wherein the transmit beam information is at least partially based on the measurement information.

[0262] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein transmitting the measurement information comprises: transmitting a beam report, the beam report indicating one or more measurement parameters of the transmit beam pair at the first UE.

[0263] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13, wherein the one or more measurement parameters include a rank indicator, a signal to interference plus noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof.

[0264] Aspect 15: The method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 14, wherein receiving the transmit beam information includes: receiving the transmit beam information via DCI, RRC signaling, or MAC-CE.

[0265] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15, wherein the transmit beam information includes a beam identifier and a time-frequency resource configuration of each of the one or more transmit beams.

[0266] Aspect 17: The method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 16, wherein the first UE and the second UE are configured for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication via the sidelink communication link.

[0267] Aspect 18: The method as described in any one of aspects 1 to 16, wherein the base station includes a cellular base station or a controller UE.

[0268] Aspect 19: A method for wireless communication at a first UE, comprising: establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receiving beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE from a base station; and performing the sidelink beam training procedure with the second UE based at least in part on the beam training information.

[0269] Aspect 20: The method as described in Aspect 19 further includes: receiving antenna panel information from the second UE, the antenna panel information including the number of antenna panels and corresponding panel orientations of the antenna panel set of the second UE; and transmitting additional beam training information for the side link beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the second UE based at least in part on the antenna panel information, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that the side link beam training procedure is used for different antenna panels used by the second UE during a partially overlapping time period.

[0270] Aspect 21: The method as described in Aspect 20 further includes: transmitting an indication of one or more wide beams used for the side link beam training procedure of the first UE to the base station to obtain one or more narrow beams used for the side link beam training procedure of the first UE; receiving additional beam training information from the base station, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that different antenna panels at the second UE are to be used during a partially overlapping time period; and transmitting the additional beam training information to the second UE.

[0271] Aspect 22: A method as described in any one of Aspects 19 to 21, wherein the beam training information indicates a transmit beam set at the first UE; and the sidelink beam training procedure is performed simultaneously for multiple transmit beams in the transmit beam set.

[0272] Aspect 23: The method of any one of Aspects 19 to 22, wherein the sidelink beam training procedure is an orthogonalized beam training procedure based on one of code division multiplexing (CDM), sequence-based training, or frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

[0273] Aspect 24: The method of Aspect 23, wherein the sidelink beam training procedure uses a different panel of the first UE.

[0274] Aspect 25: The method of any one of aspects 19 to 24, wherein performing the sidelink beam training procedure comprises concurrently transmitting reference signals via multiple transmit beams at the first UE.

[0275] Aspect 26: A method for wireless communication at a receiving UE, comprising: establishing a sidelink communication link with a transmitting UE; transmitting to a base station information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE; and receiving a beamformed transmission from the transmitting UE via the sidelink communication link based at least in part on the information.

[0276] Aspect 27: A method as described in Aspect 26, wherein transmitting information related to beamformed communication via the sidelink communication link includes: transmitting a beam parameter set of a receive beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE to the base station, wherein the beam parameter set includes beam shape information about the receive beam set, panel orientation of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set, geometric position of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set, relative position of one or more antenna panels associated with the receive beam set relative to the first UE, a beam identifier of the receive beam set, codebook information about the receive beam set, and beam shape information that varies for each antenna panel of the receiving UE due to the beam identifier.

[0277] Aspect 28: A method as described in any of Aspects 26 to 27, wherein transmitting information related to beamformed communication via the side link communication link includes: transmitting to the base station a set of beam pairs of a set of receive beams for side link communication between the first UE and the second UE, wherein each beam pair in the set of beam pairs corresponds to a spatially separated receive beam pair at the receiving UE.

[0278] Aspect 29: A method as described in any of Aspects 26 to 28, wherein transmitting information related to beamformed communication via the side link communication link includes: transmitting a beam report to the base station or the transmitting UE, the beam report indicating one or more measurement parameters of the receiving beam pair at the receiving UE, wherein the one or more measurement parameters include a rank indicator, a signal to interference plus noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof.

[0279] Aspect 30: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: establishing a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determining one or more transmit beams for the first UE to be used for sidelink communication with the second UE; and transmitting transmit beam information to the first UE for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information including an indication of the one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message.

[0280] Aspect 31: The method as described in Aspect 30 further includes: receiving a beam parameter set of a transmit beam set for side link communication between the first UE and the second UE from the first UE or the second UE, the transmit beam set including the one or more transmit beams; and determining the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on the beam parameter set.

[0281] Aspect 32: The method according to Aspect 31, wherein the set of beam parameters includes beam shape information about the set of transmit beams.

[0282] Aspect 33: The method of any one of Aspects 31 to 32, wherein the set of beam parameters comprises a panel orientation of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams.

[0283] Aspect 34: The method according to any one of Aspects 31 to 33, wherein the set of beam parameters comprises geometric positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams.

[0284] Aspect 35: The method according to any one of aspects 31 to 34, wherein the set of beam parameters includes relative positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams relative to the first UE.

[0285] Aspect 36: The method as described in any one of Aspects 31 to 35, wherein the set of beam parameters includes a beam identifier of the set of transmit beams.

[0286] Aspect 37: The method according to any one of aspects 31 to 36, wherein the set of beam parameters includes codebook information about the set of transmit beams.

[0287] Aspect 38: The method according to any one of aspects 31 to 37, wherein the beam parameter set includes beam shape information that is specific to a beam identifier for each antenna panel of the first UE.

[0288] Aspect 39: The method as described in any one of Aspects 30 to 38 further includes: receiving a beam pair set of a transmit beam set for side link communication between the first UE and the second UE from the first UE or the second UE, wherein each beam pair in the beam pair set corresponds to a spatially separated transmit beam pair at the first UE; and determining the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on the beam pair set.

[0289] Aspect 40: The method of aspect 39, wherein the beam pair set includes a corresponding transmit beam identifier for each pair of transmit beams in the beam pair set.

[0290] Aspect 41: The method as described in any one of Aspects 30 to 40 further includes: receiving measurement information associated with the sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE from the first UE or the second UE; and determining the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on the measurement information.

[0291] Aspect 42: The method of aspect 41, wherein the measurement information comprises a rank indicator, a signal to interference plus noise ratio, a spectrum efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof associated with the transmit beam set of the first UE.

[0292] Aspect 43: The method according to any one of aspects 30 to 42 further comprises: transmitting the transmit beam information via DCI, RRC signaling, or MAC-CE.

[0293] Aspect 44: The method according to any one of aspects 30 to 43, wherein the transmit beam information comprises a beam identifier and a time-frequency resource configuration of each of the one or more transmit beams.

[0294] Aspect 45: The method as described in any one of Aspects 30 to 44 further includes: transmitting beam training information for a side link beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the first UE, the beam training information indicating a transmit beam set at the first UE.

[0295] Aspect 46: The method as described in Aspect 45 further includes: receiving a report of the sidelink beam training procedure from the first UE or the second UE based at least in part on the beam training information; and determining the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on the report.

[0296] Aspect 47: The method as described in any one of Aspects 30 to 46 further includes: receiving antenna panel information from the second UE, the antenna panel information including the number of antenna panels and corresponding panel orientations of the antenna panel set of the second UE; and transmitting beam training information for a side link beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE to the second UE or the first UE based at least in part on the antenna panel information, wherein the beam training information indicates that the side link beam training procedure is used for different antenna panels used by the second UE during a partially overlapping time period.

[0297] Aspect 48: The method as described in any one of Aspects 30 to 47 further includes: receiving an indication of one or more wide beams for the beam training procedure of the first UE from the first UE to obtain one or more narrow beams for the sidelink beam training procedure of the first UE; and transmitting additional beam training information to the first UE, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that different antenna panels at the second UE are to be used during a partially overlapping time period.

[0298] Aspect 49: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: establishing a communication link with a first UE configured for sidelink communication with a second UE; determining beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; and transmitting an indication of the beam training information to the first UE.

[0299] Aspect 50: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 17.

[0300] Aspect 51: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 1 to 17.

[0301] Aspect 52: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 17.

[0302] Aspect 53: An apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of Aspects 19 to 25.

[0303] Aspect 54: An apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 19 to 25.

[0304] Aspect 55: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 19 to 25.

[0305] Aspect 56: An apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of Aspects 26 to 29.

[0306] Aspect 57: An apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 26 to 29.

[0307] Aspect 58: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of Aspects 26 to 29.

[0308] Aspect 59: An apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of Aspects 30 to 48.

[0309] Aspect 60: An apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 30 to 48.

[0310] Aspect 61: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 30 to 48.

[0311] Aspect 62: An apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of Aspect 49.

[0312] Aspect 63: An apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of aspect 49.

[0313] Aspect 64: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of Aspect 49.

[0314] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0315] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used throughout much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0316] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout this description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0317] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0318] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted by a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations fall within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0319] Computer-readable media include both non-transient computer storage media and communication media, which include any media that facilitates a computer program to be transferred from one place to another. Non-transient storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer. As an example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transient medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code means of an instruction or data structure form and can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer, or a general or special-purpose processor. Similarly, any connection is also properly referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwaves, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwaves are included in the definition of computer-readable media. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0320] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items followed by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Likewise, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be read as referencing a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be read in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0321] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference number. In addition, components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference number with a dash and a second reference number that distinguishes between the similar components. If only the first reference number is used in the specification, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference number, regardless of the second reference number or other subsequent reference numbers.

[0322] The description set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describes example configurations and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or fall within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not mean "better than" or "better than other examples." This detailed description includes specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0323] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE), comprising: processor; a memory coupled to the processor; as well as instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receiving, from a base station, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information comprising an indication of one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message; as well as The sidelink message is transmitted to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on the transmit beam information.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein The instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: A set of beam parameters of a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE is transmitted to the base station, the transmit beam set including the one or more transmit beams.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein The instructions for transmitting the set of beam parameters are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Beam shape information about the set of transmit beams is transmitted.

4. The device according to claim 2, wherein The instructions for transmitting the set of beam parameters are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Panel orientations of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams are communicated.

5. The device according to claim 2, wherein The instructions for transmitting the set of beam parameters are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The geometric positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams are communicated.

6. The device according to claim 2, wherein The instructions for transmitting the set of beam parameters are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The relative positions of one or more antenna panels associated with the set of transmit beams relative to the first UE are communicated.

7. The device according to claim 2, wherein The instructions for transmitting the set of beam parameters are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: A beam identifier of the transmit beam set is transmitted.

8. The device according to claim 2, wherein The instructions for transmitting the set of beam parameters are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Codebook information about the set of transmit beams is transmitted.

9. The device according to claim 2, wherein The instructions for transmitting the set of beam parameters are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Beam shape information specific to each antenna panel of the first UE is transmitted.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein: The instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: A beam pair set of transmit beam sets for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE is transmitted to the base station, wherein each beam pair in the beam pair set corresponds to a spatially separated transmit beam pair at the first UE.

11. The device according to claim 10, wherein The instructions for transmitting the set of beam pairs are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: A respective transmit beam identifier for each pair of transmit beams in the set of beam pairs is transmitted.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein The instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Measurement information associated with sidelink communications between the first UE and the second UE is transmitted to the base station, wherein the transmit beam information is based at least in part on the measurement information.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein: The instructions for transmitting the measurement information are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: A beam report is transmitted, the beam report indicating one or more measurement parameters of the transmit beam pair at the first UE.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: The one or more measurement parameters include a rank indicator, a signal to interference plus noise ratio, a spectral efficiency, a cross-beam interference metric, or any combination thereof.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The instructions for receiving the transmit beam information are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The transmit beam information is received via downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE).

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The transmit beam information includes a beam identifier and a time-frequency resource configuration of each of the one or more transmit beams.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The first UE and the second UE are configured for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication via the sidelink communication link.

18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The base station includes a cellular base station or a controller UE.

19. An apparatus for communicating at a first user equipment (UE), comprising: processor; a memory coupled to the processor; as well as instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receiving, from a base station, beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; as well as The sidelink beam training procedure is performed with the second UE based at least in part on the beam training information.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein The instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receiving antenna panel information from the second UE, the antenna panel information including the number of antenna panels and corresponding panel orientations of the antenna panel set of the second UE; and Additional beam training information for the sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE is transmitted to the second UE at least in part based on the antenna panel information, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that the sidelink beam training procedure is for a different antenna panel used by the second UE during a partially overlapping time period.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein: The instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: transmitting, to the base station, an indication of one or more wide beams for the first UE for the sidelink beam training procedure to obtain one or more narrow beams for the first UE for the sidelink beam training procedure; receiving additional beam training information from the base station, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that different antenna panels at the second UE are to be used during partially overlapping time periods; as well as The additional beam training information is transmitted to the second UE.

22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein: The beam training information indicates a transmit beam set at the first UE; and The sidelink beam training procedure is performed simultaneously on a plurality of transmit beams in the set of transmit beams.

23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein: The sidelink beam training procedure is an orthogonalized beam training procedure according to one of code division multiplexing (CDM), sequence-based training, or frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein: The sidelink beam training procedure uses a different panel of the first UE.

25. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein: The instructions for performing the sidelink beam training procedure are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Reference signals are concurrently transmitted via multiple transmit beams at the first UE.

26. A method for wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE), comprising: establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receiving, from a base station, transmit beam information for a sidelink message to be transmitted from the first UE to the second UE, the transmit beam information comprising an indication of one or more transmit beams used to transmit the sidelink message; as well as The sidelink message is transmitted to the second UE using the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on the transmit beam information.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising: A set of beam parameters of a transmit beam set for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE is transmitted to the base station, the transmit beam set including the one or more transmit beams.

28. The method of claim 26, further comprising: A beam pair set of transmit beam sets for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE is transmitted to the base station, wherein each beam pair in the beam pair set corresponds to a spatially separated transmit beam pair at the first UE.

29. A method for wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE), comprising: establishing a sidelink communication link with a second UE; receiving, from a base station, beam training information for a sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE; as well as The sidelink beam training procedure is performed with the second UE based at least in part on the beam training information.

30. The method of claim 29, further comprising: receiving antenna panel information from the second UE, the antenna panel information including the number of antenna panels and corresponding panel orientations of an antenna panel set of the second UE; as well as Additional beam training information for the sidelink beam training procedure between the first UE and the second UE is transmitted to the second UE at least in part based on the antenna panel information, wherein the additional beam training information indicates that the sidelink beam training procedure is for a different antenna panel used by the second UE during a partially overlapping time period.

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