A design method and feed for a compact C / X / Ku tri-band feed

Abstract

This invention discloses a design method and feed source for a compact C / X / Ku tri-band feed source, comprising: a C / X / Ku tri-band dielectric cone horn, which is a coaxial horn structure, the coaxial horn including a dielectric cone horn at the center and a corrugated horn on the periphery; a C / X / Ku demultiplexing network, including C / XKu band demultiplexers and X / Ku band demultiplexers connected in sequence; and a C / X / Ku polarization combining network, wherein the C polarization combining network is realized by microstrip bridge combining, the X polarization combining network is realized by an integrated waveguide bridge combining network, and the Ku polarization combining network is realized by an orthogonal mode coupler. The tri-band feed source of this application achieves broadband super-balanced hybridization of C to Ku bands while satisfying the requirements of radiation pattern, illumination level, standing wave ratio, and cross-polarization, significantly reducing the overall size of the feed source and meeting the requirements of miniaturized vehicle-mounted antenna applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave technology, and in particular to a design method and feed source for a compact C / X / Ku three-band feed source. Background Technology

[0002] As satellite communications evolve towards millimeter-wave frequencies and mobility, multi-frequency sharing and miniaturized, compact aperture antennas have become hot topics in satellite communication antenna development. The key to solving these problems lies in the research and design of corresponding feed sources. Currently, the C-band, X-band, and Ku-band are relatively mature satellite communication frequency bands. However, as these spectrum resources have been fully utilized, leading to channel congestion, researchers hope to combine the C / X / Ku bands to maximize communication capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a design method and feed for a compact C / X / Ku tri-band feed, which greatly reduces the overall size of the feed and meets the requirements of miniaturized vehicle-mounted antennas.

[0004] This invention provides a compact C / X / Ku tri-band feed, comprising: a C / X / Ku tri-band dielectric cone horn, a C / X / Ku wave demultiplexing network, and a C / X / Ku polarization combining network;

[0005] The C / X / Ku tri-frequency dielectric cone horn is a coaxial horn structure, which includes a dielectric cone horn at the center and a corrugated horn on the periphery.

[0006] The C / X / Ku demultiplexing network includes a C / XKu demultiplexer and an X / Ku demultiplexer connected in sequence.

[0007] The C / X / Ku polarization synthesis network is implemented by microstrip bridge synthesis for the C polarization synthesis network, by integrated waveguide bridge synthesis network for the X polarization synthesis network, and by orthogonal mode coupler for the Ku polarization synthesis network.

[0008] In some embodiments, the dielectric cone horn meets the X / Ku band requirements, and the corrugated horn meets the C band requirements.

[0009] In some embodiments, the C / X / Ku demultiplexing network has two-stage demultiplexers, which are configured as follows:

[0010] For C-band signals, they are coupled out from the four sidewalls of the C / XKu demultiplexer, pass through the C-band low-pass filter and enter the four sub-waveguide branches, and then enter the circular polarization synthesis network through the waveguide coaxial converter to form circular polarization. X and Ku-band signals are transmitted through the through port of the C / XKu demultiplexer and enter the X / Ku demultiplexer.

[0011] For X-band signals, they are coupled out from the four sidewalls of the X / Ku demultiplexer, pass through the X-band low-pass filter and enter the polarization synthesis network to form circular polarization. Ku-band signals are transmitted through the straight-through port of the X / Ku demultiplexer and enter the Ku-band quadrature mode coupler to form horizontal and vertical polarization.

[0012] This invention also proposes a design method for a compact C / X / Ku three-band feed, including:

[0013] The design steps for a C / X / Ku tri-frequency dielectric cone horn are as follows: Based on the required frequency range, determine the waveguide aperture and dielectric cone aperture to obtain the dimensional parameters of the C / X / Ku tri-frequency dielectric cone horn.

[0014] The design steps for a multi-stage frequency division network are as follows: a conical waveguide dielectric loading method is used to separate the three frequency bands C, X, and Ku. Based on the requirements for isolation and standing wave ratio, the multi-stage frequency divider and filter are optimized to obtain the corresponding size parameters.

[0015] The design steps for the polarization combining network are as follows: The C-band circular polarization combining network is implemented using four 3dB 90° microstrip bridges; the X-band circular polarization combining network is implemented using a planar integrated waveguide bridge; the X-band combining network size parameters are obtained by optimizing phase difference; and the Ku-band combining network size parameters are obtained by optimizing orthogonal mode couplers to achieve linear polarization in the Ku-band using standing wave ratio and isolation.

[0016] The designed C / X / Ku tri-band dielectric cone horn, wave splitter network, and polarization synthesis network were cascaded and simulated. The feed radiation pattern, illumination level, standing wave ratio, and cross-polarization were used as optimization indicators to perform optimization and obtain a C / X / Ku tri-band feed that meets the requirements.

[0017] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0018] For the C / XKu demultiplexer, coupling demultiplexing is performed in the radiation section to couple the C-band signal out from the four side walls of the C / XKu demultiplexer and enter four C-band low-pass filters respectively. These filters short-circuit the X-band and Ku-band signals.

[0019] For the X / Ku splitter, coupling and splitting are performed at the bottom of the speaker. The X-band signal is coupled out from the four side walls of the X / Ku splitter and enters four X-band low-pass filters respectively. These filters short-circuit the Ku-band signal.

[0020] Based on the requirements for isolation and standing wave ratio, the demultiplexer and filter are optimized to obtain the size parameters of the demultiplexer network.

[0021] This invention also proposes a computer device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the aforementioned design method for a compact C / X / Ku three-band feed.

[0022] The three-band feed designed in this embodiment of the invention achieves broadband superbalanced hybridization of C to Ku while satisfying the requirements of radiation pattern, illumination level, standing wave ratio, and cross polarization. The overall size of the feed is greatly reduced, which can meet the requirements of miniaturized vehicle-mounted antenna tasks.

[0023] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a basic flowchart of the design method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a three-band feed source according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 Structural diagram of a three-band speaker according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 A structural diagram of the C-band demultiplexing system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 The structural diagram of the X-band wavelength division multiplexing system in this application embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 Structural diagram of the C-band microstrip bridge in this application embodiment;

[0031] Figure 7 A structural diagram of the X-band waveguide bridge synthesis network according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 A structural diagram of the Ku-band orthogonal mode coupler according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 9 The C-band left-hand axis ratio of this application embodiment;

[0034] Figure 10 The C-band right-hand axis ratio of this application embodiment;

[0035] Figure 11 The X-band left-hand rotation axis ratio of this application embodiment;

[0036] Figure 12 The X-band right-hand axis ratio of this application embodiment;

[0037] Figure 13 Ku-band through-port cross-polarization in this application embodiment;

[0038] Figure 14 Ku-band side-port cross-polarization in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0040] This invention provides a compact C / X / Ku tri-band feed, comprising: a C / X / Ku tri-band dielectric cone horn, a C / X / Ku wave division network, and a C / X / Ku polarization combining network, wherein...

[0041] The C / X / Ku tri-frequency dielectric cone horn is a coaxial horn structure, which includes a dielectric cone horn at the center and a corrugated horn on the periphery.

[0042] The C / X / Ku demultiplexing network includes C / XKu demultiplexers and X / Ku demultiplexers connected in sequence, such as Figure 4 As shown, the C / XKu demultiplexer has four coupling ports on its sidewall, which are connected to four C-band low-pass filters respectively, coupling out the C-band signal and suppressing the X and Ku-band signals. The X and Ku-band signals are transmitted through the demultiplexer's through ports. Figure 5 As shown, the X / Ku demultiplexer structure is similar to the C / XKu demultiplexer structure. It also has four coupling ports on the side wall, which are connected to four X-band low-pass filters respectively, coupling out the X-band signal and suppressing the Ku-band signal. The Ku-band signal is transmitted in the direct port of the demultiplexer.

[0043] The C / X / Ku polarization combining network is implemented using a microstrip bridge for C-polarization combining, an integrated waveguide bridge for X-polarization combining, and an orthogonal mode coupler for Ku-polarization combining. Figure 8As shown, the orthogonal mode coupler is a three-port microwave component. Its common port is a circular waveguide, and the other two orthogonal ports are standard rectangular waveguides. Two orthogonally polarized signals are input to the common port of the circular waveguide; one polarization is output through the through port, and the other polarization is coupled out from the side port. Its main function is to separate the two mutually orthogonal linearly polarized signals in the common port and transmit them to the two mutually orthogonal single-mode signal ports. The orthogonal mode coupler body and connecting flange are machined in one piece using CNC lathe and milling machines, saving welding and electroforming processes, resulting in a short machining cycle, high precision, good vibration resistance and low-temperature resistance, and a compact structure, small size, and light weight. This is our institute's latest improved model.

[0044] In some embodiments, the dielectric cone horn meets the X / Ku band requirements, and the corrugated horn meets the C band requirements.

[0045] In some embodiments, the C / X / Ku demultiplexing network has two-stage demultiplexers, which are configured as follows:

[0046] For C-band signals, they are coupled out from the four sidewalls of the C / XKu demultiplexer, pass through the C-band low-pass filter and enter the four sub-waveguide branches, and then enter the circular polarization synthesis network through the waveguide coaxial converter to form circular polarization. X and Ku-band signals are transmitted through the through port of the C / XKu demultiplexer and enter the X / Ku demultiplexer.

[0047] For X-band signals, they are coupled out from the four sidewalls of the X / Ku demultiplexer, pass through the X-band low-pass filter and enter the polarization synthesis network to form circular polarization. Ku-band signals are transmitted through the straight-through port of the X / Ku demultiplexer and enter the Ku-band quadrature mode coupler to form horizontal and vertical polarization.

[0048] The three-band polarization methods of the three-band feed in this application embodiment are implemented differently. The C-band circular polarization signal is achieved through microstrip bridge synthesis, which outputs the circular polarization signal by side suspension and cable synthesis. The X-band circular polarization signal is achieved through an integrated waveguide bridge synthesis network, with a size controlled within 370*370*40mm, thereby achieving a miniaturized feed design and greatly reducing the longitudinal size of the feed. The Ku-band linear polarization signal is achieved through an orthogonal mode coupler.

[0049] This invention also proposes a design method for a compact C / X / Ku three-band feed, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0050] In step S101, the design of the C / X / Ku three-frequency dielectric cone horn involves determining the waveguide aperture and dielectric cone aperture based on the required frequency range to obtain the dimensional parameters of the C / X / Ku three-frequency dielectric cone horn.

[0051] In step S102, the design of the demultiplexing network involves using a multi-stage frequency division method with a conical waveguide medium loading to separate the three frequency bands C, X, and Ku. Based on the requirements for isolation and standing wave ratio, the demultiplexer and filter are optimized to obtain the corresponding size parameters.

[0052] In step S103, the polarization synthesis network is designed as follows: the C-band circular polarization synthesis network is implemented using four 3dB 90° microstrip bridges; the X-band circular polarization synthesis network is implemented using a planar integrated waveguide bridge; the size parameters of the X-band synthesis network are obtained by optimizing the phase difference; and the Ku-band uses an orthogonal mode coupler to achieve linear polarization, and the size parameters of the Ku-band synthesis network are obtained by optimizing the standing wave and isolation.

[0053] In step S104, the designed C / X / Ku tri-band dielectric cone horn, wave division network, and polarization synthesis network are cascaded and simulated. Optimization is performed using the feed's radiation pattern, illumination level, standing wave ratio, and cross-polarization requirements as optimization indices to obtain a satisfactory C / X / Ku tri-band feed. Specifically, the dimensional parameters obtained in steps S101-S103 can be used as initial values, and optimization is performed using the mode-matching method based on the structural discontinuities to obtain a satisfactory C / X / Ku tri-band feed.

[0054] In some embodiments, the design of the demultiplexer and filter further includes:

[0055] For the C / XKu demultiplexer, coupling demultiplexing is performed in the radiation section to couple the C-band signal out from the four side walls of the C / XKu demultiplexer and enter four C-band low-pass filters respectively. These filters short-circuit the X-band and Ku-band signals.

[0056] For the X / Ku splitter, coupling and splitting are performed at the bottom of the speaker. The X-band signal is coupled out from the four side walls of the X / Ku splitter and enters four X-band low-pass filters respectively. These filters short-circuit the Ku-band signal.

[0057] Based on the requirements for isolation and standing wave ratio, the demultiplexer and filter are optimized to obtain the size parameters of the demultiplexer network.

[0058] The three-band feed designed in this embodiment of the invention achieves broadband superbalanced hybridization of C to Ku while satisfying the requirements of radiation pattern, illumination level, standing wave ratio, and cross polarization. The overall size of the feed is greatly reduced, which can meet the requirements of miniaturized vehicle-mounted antenna tasks.

[0059] This application also proposes an implementation example of a compact C / X / Ku three-band feed design method. The design objectives in this example are: C operates in the 3.4–4.2 GHz band, with circular polarization, feed loss ≤0.3 dB, axial ratio ≤1.09:1, and VSWR ≤1.3:1; X operates in the 7.25–7.75 GHz band, with circular polarization, feed loss ≤0.4 dB, axial ratio ≤1.09:1, and VSWR ≤1.25:1; Ku operates in the 10.7–12.75 GHz band, with linear polarization, feed loss ≤0.5 dB, linear polarization isolation ≥35 dB, and VSWR ≤1.35:1. The invention will now be further described with reference to the examples and accompanying drawings.

[0060] like Figures 2-8 As shown, the three-band feed in this embodiment includes a C / X / Ku three-band speaker 1, a C / X / Ku wave splitter network, and a C / X / Ku polarization network.

[0061] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the three-band C / X / Ku feed adopts a dielectric cone horn design. The central dielectric cone horn 11 meets the requirements of the X / Ku band, while the outer corrugated horn 12 meets the requirements of the C band. Based on the requirements for standing wave, radiation pattern, cross-polarization, and illumination level, the dimensional parameters of the corrugated horn and coaxial dielectric cone are designed and optimized using the mode matching method.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the C / XKu splitter system employs a coupling splitter design in the radiating section, coupling the C-band signal into the four sidewalls of the splitter. Simultaneously, C-band low-pass filters are applied to the sidewalls of the splitter to suppress X and Ku-band signals. The X / Ku splitter system uses a coupling splitter design at the bottom of the speaker, coupling the X-band signal into the four sidewalls of the splitter. X-band low-pass filters are applied to the sidewalls of the splitter to short-circuit the Ku-band signal. Based on the requirements for isolation and standing wave ratio, the splitter and filters are optimized to obtain the dimensional parameters.

[0063] The design method of this application specifically includes the following processes:

[0064] Based on the proposed operating frequencies of 3.4–4.2 GHz, 7.25–7.75 GHz, and 10.7–12.75 GHz, the corrugated horn aperture in the C-band and the dielectric cone aperture in the Ku-band were selected. With standing wave, radiation pattern, illumination level, and cross-polarization as optimization targets, the size of the dielectric cone horn and the dielectric constant of the dielectric cone were optimized using the mode matching method to obtain their initial size parameters.

[0065] Based on the system requirements of VSWR ≤ 1.3:1 for C, ≤ 1.25:1 for X, and ≤ 1.35:1 for Ku, and port band isolation, the C / XKu splitter system employs a coupling splitter design in the radiating section. This couples the C-band signal into the four sidewalls of the splitter, while simultaneously using C-band low-pass filters on the sidewalls to suppress X and Ku-band signals. Similarly, the X / Ku splitter system uses a coupling splitter design at the bottom of the speaker, coupling the X-band signal into the four sidewalls of the splitter. X-band low-pass filters are applied to the sidewalls to short-circuit the Ku-band signal. Based on the isolation and VSWR requirements, the splitter and filters are optimized to obtain their initial dimensional parameters.

[0066] The constructed model was subjected to cascaded simulation, and the simulated model was then processed and tested. The experimental results are as follows: Figures 9-14 The results show that a broadband superbalanced hybrid of C to Ku can be achieved under the premise of satisfying the radiation pattern, illumination level, standing wave and cross polarization. The overall size of the feed is greatly reduced, which can meet the requirements of miniaturized vehicle-mounted antenna missions.

[0067] This invention designs a novel C / X / Ku tri-band feed based on traditional single / dual-band feeds. It employs a multi-layer dielectric conical corrugated horn to achieve broadband super-balanced mixing of C to Ku bands. Simultaneously, it utilizes a multi-stage waveguide loading technique with conical waveguide dielectric loading to separate each frequency band. While meeting the requirements for standing wave ratio, radiation pattern, illumination level, and cross-polarization, the C and X bands respectively employ microstrip bridges and planar integrated waveguide bridges to achieve circular polarization synthesis, significantly reducing the overall size of the feed and meeting the requirements of miniaturized vehicle-mounted antennas. Furthermore, the tri-band C / X / Ku feed of this invention is optimized using mode matching, eliminating the need for debugging and resulting in superior performance.

[0068] This invention also proposes a computer device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the aforementioned design method for a compact C / X / Ku three-band feed.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0070] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0071] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact C / X / Ku tri-band feed, characterized in that, include: C / X / Ku tri-frequency dielectric cone horn, C / X / Ku wave splitter network and C / X / Ku polarization synthesis network; The C / X / Ku tri-frequency dielectric cone horn is a coaxial horn structure, which includes a dielectric cone horn at the center and a corrugated horn on the periphery. The C / X / Ku demultiplexing network includes a C / XKu demultiplexer and an X / Ku demultiplexer connected in sequence. The C / XKu demultiplexer has four coupling ports on its sidewall, which are respectively connected to four C-band low-pass filters to couple out C-band signals and suppress X and Ku-band signals. The X and Ku-band signals are transmitted through the direct port of the demultiplexer. The X / Ku demultiplexer has four coupling ports on its sidewall, which are respectively connected to four X-band low-pass filters to couple out X-band signals and suppress Ku-band signals. The Ku-band signals are transmitted through the direct port of the demultiplexer. The C / X / Ku polarization synthesis network is achieved by synthesizing the C polarization network through a microstrip bridge, the X polarization network through an integrated waveguide bridge synthesis network, and the Ku polarization network through an orthogonal mode coupler. The C / X / Ku demultiplexing network has two stages of demultiplexers, which are configured as follows: For C-band signals, they are coupled out from the four sidewalls of the C / XKu demultiplexer, pass through the C-band low-pass filter and enter the four sub-waveguide branches, and then enter the circular polarization synthesis network through the waveguide coaxial converter to form circular polarization. X and Ku-band signals are transmitted through the straight-through port of the C / XKu demultiplexer and enter the X / Ku demultiplexer. For X-band signals, they are coupled out from the four sidewalls of the X / Ku demultiplexer, pass through the X-band low-pass filter and enter the polarization synthesis network to form circular polarization. Ku-band signals are transmitted through the straight-through port of the X / Ku demultiplexer and enter the Ku-band quadrature mode coupler to form horizontal and vertical polarization.

2. The compact C / X / Ku tri-band feed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric cone horn meets the requirements of the X / Ku band, and the corrugated horn meets the requirements of the C band.

3. A design method for a compact C / X / Ku three-band feed, characterized in that, include: The design steps for a C / X / Ku tri-frequency dielectric cone horn are as follows: Based on the required frequency range, determine the waveguide aperture and dielectric cone aperture to obtain the dimensional parameters of the C / X / Ku tri-frequency dielectric cone horn. The design steps for a multi-stage frequency division network are as follows: a conical waveguide dielectric loading method is used to separate the three frequency bands C, X, and Ku. Based on the requirements for isolation and standing wave ratio, the multi-stage frequency divider and filter are optimized to obtain the corresponding size parameters. The design steps for the polarization combining network are as follows: The C-band circular polarization combining network is implemented using four 3dB 90° microstrip bridges; the X-band circular polarization combining network is implemented using a planar integrated waveguide bridge; the X-band combining network size parameters are obtained by optimizing phase difference; and the Ku-band combining network size parameters are obtained by optimizing orthogonal mode couplers to achieve linear polarization in the Ku-band using standing wave ratio and isolation. The designed C / X / Ku tri-band dielectric cone horn, wave splitter network, and polarization synthesis network were cascaded and simulated. The radiation pattern, illumination level, standing wave ratio, and cross-polarization of the feed were used as optimization indicators to perform optimization and obtain a C / X / Ku tri-band feed that meets the requirements. For the C / XKu demultiplexer, coupling demultiplexing is performed in the radiation section to couple the C-band signal out from the four side walls of the C / XKu demultiplexer and enter four C-band low-pass filters respectively. These filters short-circuit the X-band and Ku-band signals. For the X / Ku splitter, coupling and splitting are performed at the bottom of the speaker. The X-band signal is coupled out from the four side walls of the X / Ku splitter and enters four X-band low-pass filters respectively. These filters short-circuit the Ku-band signal. Based on the requirements for isolation and standing wave ratio, the demultiplexer and filter are optimized to obtain the size parameters of the demultiplexer network. The C / XKu splitter has four coupling ports on its side wall, which are connected to four C-band low-pass filters respectively, coupling out the C-band signal and suppressing the X and Ku-band signals. The X and Ku-band signals are transmitted through the direct port of the splitter. The X / Ku splitter has four coupling ports on its side wall, which are connected to four X-band low-pass filters respectively, coupling out the X-band signal and suppressing the Ku-band signal. The Ku-band signal is transmitted through the direct port of the splitter.

4. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the design method for the compact C / X / Ku tri-band feed as described in claim 3.

Images