Parallel four lever hydraulic automatic adjusting and leveling type straw turning and ploughing machine

Abstract

In order to solve the problems of difficulty in manual adjustment, incapability of real-time adjustment, and low surface flatness after operation of a combined land leveler, the present application discloses a parallel four-torsion-rod hydraulic automatic adjustment and leveling type straw turning and rotating land leveler, which mainly comprises a main frame, a stubble breaking device, a turning and burying device, a soil breaking and leveling device, a parallel four-torsion-rod hydraulic automatic adjustment device, a satellite receiver and a compacting device. The land leveler is connected with a tractor three-point suspension during operation. During forward movement, the stubble breaking device is used to break corn straw and stubble on the surface, the turning and burying device is used to break plough pan and bury the broken straw and stubble into the soil, the soil breaking and leveling device is used to break the shallow soil, and the compacting device is used to compact the surface soil. The parallel four-torsion-rod hydraulic automatic adjustment device automatically adjusts the rotary tillage soil breaking depth and the surface flatness according to the detection data of the satellite receiver during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment, specifically relating to a parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjusting leveling straw turning and tilling machine. Background Technology

[0002] In North my country, the main planting method is winter wheat and summer corn. After the corn harvest, a large amount of straw is generated. Straw is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter, which is a multi-purpose renewable biological resource. Making full use of it can not only reduce environmental pollution and resource waste, but also replenish soil fertility, improve soil structure, and help build a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society, which is in line with the sustainable development strategy.

[0003] Traditional rotary tillers suffer from low straw crushing rates and poor burying effects, failing to ensure sufficient fermentation of straw and microorganisms. Furthermore, the shallow tilling depth of rotary tillers leads to the formation of a plow pan over long-term operation, reducing soil permeability, hindering nutrient transfer, affecting crop root growth, and potentially causing pests and diseases. In addition, the low level of automation in rotary tillers makes it difficult to adjust the depth of soil crushing and the flatness of the tilled surface, thus failing to provide a good working environment for wheat sowing.

[0004] In conclusion, it is necessary to invent a combined land preparation machine that integrates straw crushing, burying, and rotary tillage, and automatically adjusts the depth of rotary tillage and the flatness of the cultivated surface during operation to meet the requirements of wheat sowing and land preparation. At the same time, it can also reduce agricultural production costs, improve production efficiency, and help achieve increased production and income. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention discloses a parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment leveling straw turning and tilling machine. During operation, the parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device can dynamically adjust the depth of rotary tillage and soil breaking and the surface flatness according to the detection data of satellite receiver, thereby improving the automation level and operation accuracy of the tilling machine.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjusting leveling straw tillage machine mainly consists of a main frame, a stubble breaking device, a burying device, a soil pulverizing and leveling device, a parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjusting device, a satellite receiver, and a compaction device. The stubble breaking device is installed on the lower front side of the main frame and includes a stubble breaking device gearbox, a stubble breaking device side transmission box, and stubble breaking blades. The burying device is installed on the lower middle side of the main frame and includes an interlaced double-wing furrowing plow and a single-wing moldboard plow. The soil pulverizing and leveling device is installed at the rear of the main frame and includes a rotary tiller frame, a rotary tiller gearbox, rotary tiller blades, and a scraper. The compaction device is installed on the lower side of the main frame. The rear part of the soil leveling device includes a pressing roller, a connecting plate, and a spring connecting rod. The satellite receiver is symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the rotary tiller frame by a magnetic adsorption base. The parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device is installed between the main frame and the soil leveling device, including a torsion bar mounting support, a torsion bar mounting bracket, an elastic torsion bar, a hydraulic cylinder support, a hydraulic cylinder, a front universal joint, a rear universal joint, and a sleeve telescopic shaft. During operation, the parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device can dynamically adjust the rotary tillage depth at both ends of the soil leveling device according to the data detected by the satellite receiver to improve the surface flatness.

[0008] Preferably, the torsion bar mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the main frame with bolts, the torsion bar mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the rotary tiller frame with screws, the front and rear ends of the elastic torsion bar are respectively hinged to the torsion bar mounting bracket and the torsion bar mounting bracket, the hydraulic cylinder support is welded to the upper rear side of the main frame, the upper and lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the hydraulic cylinder support and the rotary tiller frame, the front end of the front universal joint is fixedly connected to the rear output drive shaft of the stubble breaking device gearbox with bolts, the rear end of the rear universal joint is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the rotary tiller gearbox with bolts, and the front end of the sleeve telescopic shaft is fixedly connected to the rear end of the front universal joint and the rear end is fixedly connected to the front end of the rear universal joint.

[0009] Working principle: This combined tillage machine is connected to the tractor via a three-point suspension. Before operation, a GNSS satellite base station is placed in the non-operation area, and the base station height is set in the adjustment system. During operation, the stubble breaking device gearbox divides the power output from the tractor into two parts. One part is transmitted to the side transmission box of the stubble breaking device to drive the stubble breaking blades to rotate, and the other part is transmitted sequentially through the "front universal joint - sleeve telescopic shaft - rear universal joint" to the rotary tillage gearbox to drive the rotary tillage blades to rotate. Under the tractor's traction, the stubble breaking device first breaks up the corn stubble and ground straw by rotating the stubble breaking blades. Then, the burying device breaks up the plow bottom layer using an interlaced double-wing furrowing plow and a single-wing moldboard plow, while burying the broken corn stubble and straw into the soil. Next, the soil breaking and leveling device breaks up the shallow soil by rotating the rotary tillage blades, and the scraper is used to scrape the broken soil level. Finally, the press roller is used to compact the surface soil.

[0010] The elastic torsion bar in the parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device of the tillage machine is both a parallel four-bar linkage and a hybrid multi-torsion bar. During operation, two satellite receivers installed on the rotary tiller frame detect the relative height between their installation positions and the base station. The data is then transmitted to a receiver installed in the tractor cab for calculation. The receiver transmits the calculated data to the controller, which performs logical operations and controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder by controlling the solenoid valve, thereby adjusting the rotary tillage depth and surface flatness. The adjustment process is divided into the following three modes:

[0011] (1) Parallel up and down adjustment: When the ground is level on the left and right, but there is a height difference between the front and back of the ground surface, only the parallel up and down position of the soil breaking and leveling device is adjusted. The two hydraulic cylinders are simultaneously and synchronously adjusted in parallel up and down to realize the adjustment of the ground surface height. At this time, the elastic torsion bar does not generate torque and only plays the role of a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism.

[0012] (2) Left and right adjustment: When the ground is uneven, the two hydraulic cylinders adjust in opposite directions at the same time to adjust the height of the two ends of the soil leveling device to achieve the adjustment of the ground surface. At this time, the elastic torsion bars on both sides generate torque and play the role of the parallel four torsion bar mechanism.

[0013] (3) Unilateral adjustment: When there is a height difference on only one side of the ground surface, the hydraulic cylinder on one side is adjusted independently to adjust the up and down position of one end of the soil breaking and leveling device to realize the height adjustment of one side of the ground surface. At this time, the elastic torsion bar on the main side generates torque, and the other side acts as a linkage mechanism.

[0014] This invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has high work efficiency, and is highly adaptable. During the operation, it can automatically adjust the tillage depth and surface flatness, providing a high-quality working environment for wheat sowing. Attached image description:

[0015] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0017] List of items numbered in the diagram: 1. Suspension connecting frame, 2. Side transmission box of stubble breaking device, 3. Connecting rod, 4. Elastic torsion bar, 5. Hydraulic cylinder support, 6. Hydraulic cylinder, 7. Satellite receiver, 8. Scraper blade, 9. Press roller, 10. Connecting plate, 11. Spring connecting rod, 12. Rotary tiller blade, 13. Rotary tiller frame, 14. Single-wing moldboard plow, 15. Interlaced double-wing furrowing plow, 16. Main frame, 17. Stubble breaking blade, 18. Stubble breaking device gearbox, 19. Front universal joint, 20. Torsion bar mounting support, 21. Rear universal joint, 22. Torsion bar mounting bracket, 23. Rotary tiller gearbox, 24. Sleeve telescopic shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Combined with appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 The technical solution in this embodiment is described in detail. The purpose of this invention is to design a parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjusting leveling straw turning and tilling machine, which mainly consists of a main frame 16, a stubble breaking device, a turning and burying device, a soil crushing and leveling device, a parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjusting device, a satellite receiver 7, and a compaction device. The stubble breaking device is installed on the lower front side of the main frame 16 and includes a stubble breaking device gearbox 18, a stubble breaking device side transmission box 2, and stubble breaking blades 17. The turning and burying device is installed on the lower middle side of the main frame 16 and includes an interlaced double-wing furrowing plow 15 and a single-wing moldboard plow 14. The soil crushing and leveling device is installed on the rear side of the main frame 16 and includes a rotary tiller frame 13, a rotary tiller gearbox 23, and rotary tiller blades 12. The scraper blade 8; the compaction device is installed at the rear of the soil breaking and leveling device, including a compaction roller 9, a connecting plate 10, and a spring connecting rod 11; the satellite receiver 7 is symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the rotary tiller frame 13 by means of a magnetic adsorption base; the parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device is installed between the main frame 16 and the soil breaking and leveling device, including a torsion bar mounting support 20, a torsion bar mounting bracket 22, an elastic torsion bar 4, a hydraulic cylinder support 5, a hydraulic cylinder 6, a front universal joint 19, a rear universal joint 21, and a sleeve telescopic shaft 24; during operation, the parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device can dynamically adjust the rotary tillage and soil breaking depth at both ends of the soil breaking and leveling device according to the data detected by the satellite receiver 7, so as to improve the surface flatness.

[0019] Preferably, the torsion bar mounting bracket 20 is fixedly mounted on the main frame 16 with bolts, the torsion bar mounting bracket 22 is fixedly mounted on the rotary tiller frame 13 with screws, the front and rear ends of the elastic torsion bar 4 are respectively hinged to the torsion bar mounting bracket 20 and the torsion bar mounting bracket 22, the hydraulic cylinder support 5 is welded to the upper rear side of the main frame 16, the upper and lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder 6 are respectively hinged to the hydraulic cylinder support 5 and the rotary tiller frame 13, the front end of the front universal joint 19 is fixedly connected to the rear output drive shaft of the stubble breaking device gearbox 18 with bolts, the rear end of the rear universal joint 21 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the rotary tiller gearbox 23 with bolts, and the front end of the sleeve telescopic shaft 24 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the front universal joint 19 and the rear end is fixedly connected to the front end of the rear universal joint 21.

[0020] Working Principle: This combined tillage machine is connected to the tractor via a three-point suspension. Before operation, a GNSS satellite base station is placed in the non-operational area, and the base station height is set in the adjustment system. During operation, the stubble-breaking device gearbox 18 divides the power output from the tractor into two parts. One part is transmitted to the stubble-breaking device side transmission box 2 to drive the stubble-breaking blade 17 to rotate, and the other part is transmitted sequentially through the "front universal joint 19 - sleeve telescopic shaft 24 - rear universal joint 21" to the rotary tillage gearbox 23 to drive the rotary tillage blade 12 to rotate. Under the tractor's traction, the stubble-breaking device first breaks up the corn stubble and ground straw by rotating the stubble-breaking blade 17. Then, the burying device breaks up the plow pan using the staggered double-wing furrowing plow 15 and the single-wing moldboard plow 14, simultaneously burying the broken corn stubble and straw into the soil. Next, the soil breaking and leveling device breaks up the shallow soil by rotating the rotary tillage blade 12, and the scraper 8 is used to scrape the broken soil level. Finally, the compaction roller 9 is used to compact the surface soil.

[0021] The elastic torsion bar 4 in the parallel four-bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device of the tillage machine is both a parallel four-bar linkage and a hybrid multi-torsion bar. During operation, two satellite receivers 7 installed on the rotary tiller frame detect the relative height between their installation position and the base station. The data is then transmitted to a receiver installed in the tractor cab for calculation. The receiver transmits the calculated data to the controller. The controller performs logical operations based on the received data and controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 6 by controlling the solenoid valve to adjust the rotary tillage depth and surface flatness. The adjustment process is divided into the following three modes:

[0022] (1) Parallel up and down adjustment: When the ground is level on the left and right, but there is a height difference between the front and back of the ground surface, only the parallel up and down position of the soil breaking and leveling device is adjusted. The two hydraulic cylinders 6 are simultaneously and synchronously adjusted in parallel up and down to realize the adjustment of the ground surface height. At this time, the elastic torsion bar 4 does not generate torque and only plays the role of a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism.

[0023] (2) Left and right adjustment: When the ground is uneven, the two hydraulic cylinders 6 adjust in opposite directions at the same time to adjust the height of the two ends of the soil leveling device to achieve the adjustment of the ground surface. At this time, the elastic torsion bars 4 on both sides generate torque and play the role of parallel four torsion bar mechanism.

[0024] (3) Unilateral adjustment: When there is a height difference on only one side of the ground surface, the hydraulic cylinder 7 on one side is adjusted independently to adjust the up and down position of one end of the soil leveling device to achieve the height adjustment of one side of the ground surface. At this time, the elastic torsion bar 4 on the main side generates torque, and the other side acts as a linkage mechanism.

[0025] This specific embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any non-creative modifications made by researchers in this field based on the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjusting leveling straw turning and tilling machine, mainly composed of a main frame, a stubble breaking device, a turning and burying device, a soil pulverizing and leveling device, a parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjusting device, a satellite receiver, and a compaction device; the stubble breaking device is installed on the lower front side of the main frame and includes a stubble breaking device gearbox, a stubble breaking device side transmission box, and stubble breaking blades; the turning and burying device is installed on the lower middle side of the main frame and includes an interlaced double-wing furrowing plow and a single-wing moldboard plow; the soil pulverizing and leveling device is installed at the rear of the main frame and includes a rotary tiller frame, a rotary tiller gearbox, rotary tiller blades, and a scraper; the compaction device is installed at the rear of the soil pulverizing and leveling device and includes a compaction roller, a connecting plate, and a spring connecting rod; characterized in that: The satellite receiver is symmetrically fixed to the top surface of the rotary tiller frame using a magnetic adsorption base. The parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device is installed between the main frame and the soil pulverizing and leveling device, including a torsion bar mounting support, a torsion bar mounting bracket, an elastic torsion bar, a hydraulic cylinder support, a hydraulic cylinder, a front universal joint, a rear universal joint, and a sleeve telescopic shaft. During operation, the parallel four-torsion bar hydraulic automatic adjustment device can dynamically adjust the rotary tillage depth at both ends of the soil pulverizing and leveling device based on the data detected by the satellite receiver to improve the surface flatness. Parallel vertical adjustment: When the ground is level horizontally but there is a height difference between the front and back of the ground surface, only the parallel vertical position of the soil pulverizing and leveling device is adjusted, and the two hydraulic cylinders adjust simultaneously and synchronously in parallel vertically. Horizontal adjustment: When the ground is uneven, the two hydraulic cylinders adjust simultaneously and synchronously in opposite directions to adjust the vertical height of both ends of the soil pulverizing and leveling device to achieve the desired surface flatness. Surface leveling and adjustment; unilateral adjustment: when there is a height difference on only one side of the surface, the hydraulic cylinder on one side is adjusted independently to adjust the up and down position of one end of the soil breaking and leveling device, thereby adjusting the height of one side of the surface; the torsion bar mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the main frame with bolts, the torsion bar mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the rotary tiller frame with screws, the front and rear ends of the elastic torsion bar are respectively hinged to the torsion bar mounting bracket and the torsion bar mounting bracket, the hydraulic cylinder support is welded to the upper rear side of the main frame, the upper and lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the hydraulic cylinder support and the rotary tiller frame, the front end of the front universal joint is fixedly connected to the rear output drive shaft of the stubble breaking device gearbox with bolts, the rear end of the rear universal joint is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the rotary tiller gearbox with bolts, the front part of the sleeve telescopic shaft is fixedly connected to the rear end of the front universal joint, and the rear part is fixedly connected to the front end of the rear universal joint.

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