A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen circulation system

Abstract

The application discloses a wide power spectrum multistage ejection hydrogen circulation system, which mainly comprises four modules of a high-pressure gas supply device, a multistage ejection device, a control module and a stack valve group. The high-pressure hydrogen gas is decompressed by the high-pressure gas supply device and led to the multistage ejection device, wherein the multistage ejection device is composed of multiple groups of single-stage jet-ejector assemblies, the single-stage jet-ejector assembly is composed of a hydrogen jet group, a pressure transmitter and an ejector, the control module collects the pressure transmitter and the stack operating parameters, the control module calculates the hydrogen flow required by the stack according to the power load, the control method of the control module selectively opens the number of stages of the single-stage jet-ejector in the multistage ejection device and adjusts the pulse width of the hydrogen jet group, so that the fuel cell system can effectively operate under low, medium and high wide power load working points, and the problem that the residual water vapor in the ejector cannot be discharged, resulting in the freezing of the residual condensed water in the ejector when the ambient temperature is relatively low, is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a wide power spectrum multi-stage ejector hydrogen circulation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous growth of the national economy and the increasing demand for environmental protection, automobile exhaust as one of the main factors of global greenhouse effect, new energy vehicles can greatly reduce the carbon emissions of automobile exhaust, and also play an important role in energy transformation. In the fuel cell system, the hydrogen supply system is currently mainly divided into two ways of anode closed end and hydrogen circulation, and the hydrogen circulation can be divided into hydrogen pump circulation, ejector circulation. The ejector is widely used because of its low processing difficulty and low energy consumption. Although the traditional ejector can have good ejecting effect under large power and large flow conditions, it has poor ejecting effect under small power and small flow conditions, which cannot meet the demand of hydrogen circulation.

[0003] In the existing patent with the application publication number CN 106784930A "double hydrogen injection ejector device of fuel cell vehicle power system", the parallel double injection ejector device can meet the hydrogen circulation gas supply under small power and large power conditions. However, the performance of the ejector under medium and high power is not as good as that under high power.

[0004] In the existing patent with the authorization announcement number CN 209607847U "ejector unit and fuel cell hydrogen circulation system with the ejector unit", a proportional control valve + two ejectors in series are used. However, it is difficult to control the precision of the flow by controlling the proportional control valve with the pressure signal.

[0005] The common problem of the above two existing patents is that they do not consider the problem of ice formation caused by the condensation of residual water vapor in the ejector which cannot be discharged, resulting in the problem of ice formation of residual condensation water in the ejector when the environmental temperature is low.

[0006] Therefore, it is difficult to expand the use conditions of the hydrogen ejector circulation system. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a wide power spectrum multi-stage ejector hydrogen circulation system, so that the ejector can have sufficient ejecting ratio in the low, medium and high power range of the fuel cell system, and maintain the required excess hydrogen coefficient, and solve the problem of ice formation of residual condensation water in the ejector when the environmental temperature is low.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0009] A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen circulation system, comprising a high-pressure hydrogen supply device, a multistage ejector device, a control module and a stack valve group, high-pressure hydrogen gas flows out from the high-pressure hydrogen supply device to the multistage ejector device after pressure reduction, the control module analyzes the operating conditions of the fuel cell system and controls the ejector ratio of the multistage ejector device, so that hydrogen gas flows out from the multistage ejector device to the stack valve group anode inlet, and the remaining sufficient humid hydrogen gas flows out from the stack valve group anode outlet through the first-stage ejector inlet of the multistage ejector device, so that the multistage ejector hydrogen circulation system forms a loop.

[0010] Preferably, the high-pressure hydrogen supply device comprises a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group, a cylinder valve group and a pressure regulating valve, high-pressure hydrogen gas flows out from the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group through the cylinder valve group, and then is reduced in pressure to the pressure range required by the fuel cell system through the pressure regulating valve, thereby providing a hydrogen source for the multistage ejector device.

[0011] Preferably, the multistage ejector device comprises a plurality of single-stage jet ejector assemblies integrated by hydrogen jet groups, pressure transmitters and ejectors, the number of stages ranges from 2 to 10, the hydrogen jet group in each single-stage jet ejector assembly is composed of a plurality of hydrogen jets in parallel, and the pressure transmitter is located between the hydrogen jet group and the ejector.

[0012] Preferably, the hydrogen jet groups in each single-stage jet ejector assembly are connected in parallel, the ejectors in each single-stage jet ejector assembly are connected in series, and an ejector pressure transmitter is installed between the ejector outlet of the upper single-stage jet ejector assembly and the ejector inlet of the lower single-stage jet ejector assembly, for example, the hydrogen jet group in the first-stage jet ejector assembly is connected in parallel with the hydrogen jet group in the second-stage jet ejector assembly, the ejector outlet of the first-stage jet ejector assembly is connected in series with the ejector inlet of the second-stage jet ejector assembly, and an ejector pressure transmitter is installed between the ejector outlet of the first-stage jet ejector assembly and the ejector inlet of the second-stage jet ejector assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the stack valve group comprises a stack, a stack anode inlet pressure transmitter, a stack anode outlet pressure transmitter, a water vapor separator, a hydrogen discharge valve and a water discharge valve, the stack anode inlet pressure transmitter is located at the stack anode inlet, the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter is located at the stack anode outlet, and the water discharge valve and the hydrogen discharge valve are installed at the stack anode outlet.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-stage ejector device composed of multiple sets of single-stage hydrogen ejector assemblies, the flow-pressure characteristic curves between the hydrogen ejector assemblies of each stage can be all the same, all different or partially the same, the performance parameters of the hydrogen ejector assemblies of each stage can be all the same, all different or partially the same, the hydrogen ejector assemblies can be conventional single-stage hydrogen ejector assemblies each having only one jet inlet, one ejector inlet and one ejector outlet, and one of the variants of the hydrogen ejector assemblies is that a drain hole is provided at the ejector outlet end of the hydrogen ejector assembly in parallel with the ejector inlet, and the drain hole of the hydrogen ejector assembly of each stage is connected to the drain valve of the stack valve group, so that the condensed water generated by the humid hydrogen remaining in the hydrogen ejector at a low ambient temperature after the fuel cell is shut down can flow out through the drain hole and be collected at the drain valve of the stack valve group, thereby preventing the problem that the hydrogen ejector assemblies of the multi-stage hydrogen ejector device cannot be started due to the freezing of the residual water vapor in the hydrogen ejector assemblies at a low ambient temperature during cold start of the fuel cell.

[0015] Preferably, the connection sequence of the multi-stage single-stage hydrogen ejector assemblies in the multi-stage hydrogen ejector device and the stack valve group can have multiple combinations, for example, the single-stage hydrogen ejector assembly connected to the stack anode inlet of the stack valve group can be the first stage, and the single-stage hydrogen ejector assembly connected to the water vapor separator at the stack anode outlet of the stack valve group can be the nth stage, or the single-stage hydrogen ejector assembly connected to the stack anode inlet of the stack valve group can be the nth stage, and the single-stage hydrogen ejector assembly connected to the water vapor separator at the stack anode outlet of the stack valve group can be the first stage, for example, the outlet of the nth-stage hydrogen ejector assembly in the multi-stage hydrogen ejector device is connected to the stack anode inlet of the stack valve group, and the water vapor separator of the stack valve group is connected to the ejector outlet of the first-stage hydrogen ejector assembly in the multi-stage hydrogen ejector device.

[0016] Preferably, the control module calculates the gas supply amount of each stage of hydrogen ejector assemblies and the required gas supply amount of the stack according to the signals of the pressure transmitters in the hydrogen ejector assemblies, the stack power, the stack anode inlet pressure transmitter and the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter, adjusts the number of opened single-stage hydrogen ejector assemblies to meet the hydrogen flow rate flowing into the stack anode inlet under different power conditions, and controls the opening frequency and duty cycle of the multiple hydrogen ejectors in the hydrogen ejector assemblies of each stage by PWM pulse width modulation to meet the jet flow rate and jet pressure required by the ejector-ejector ratio Map of the hydrogen ejector assemblies of each stage.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the ejector assembly used in each stage of the multi-stage ejector device is controlled by the control module according to the electric power working condition. For example, in a low power working condition, only the first stage of the multi-stage ejector device is started because the hydrogen required by the stack is small. In a medium or high power working condition, the number of the started stages of the multi-stage ejector device is increased, but the number is less than the total number of the stages of the multi-stage ejector device. In a high power working condition, all the stages of the multi-stage ejector device are started to meet the hydrogen required by the stack and the excess hydrogen in the stack.

[0018] Preferably, a variant of the ejector assembly in each stage of the multi-stage ejector device is that a proportional regulating valve is added in front of the ejector in the stage. The two ends of the proportional regulating valve are connected with the ejector and the hydrogen ejector group respectively, and the other end is connected with the anode inlet of the stack. The single-stage ejector assembly composed of the hydrogen ejector group, the pressure transmitter, the proportional regulating valve and the ejector can be located in any stage of the multi-stage ejector device. The single-stage ejector assembly is mainly used to reduce the influence of the other stages of the ejector assembly on the pressure and flow of the anode gas of the stack, and to ensure that the pressure and flow of the anode inlet of the stack meet the requirements at any transient working condition. When the pressure or flow of the anode inlet of the stack is unstable, the proportional regulating valve in the single-stage ejector assembly directly leads part or all of the hydrogen flowed from the hydrogen ejector group to the anode inlet of the stack, and few or no gas flows from the jet port of the ejector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the application and are incorporated herein for illustrative purposes. The illustrative embodiments of the present application are described in the accompanying drawings, together with the specification, serve the purpose of providing thorough and complete disclosure of the present application, and concurrently convey the best mode of practicing the present application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide power spectrum multi-stage ejector hydrogen circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a wide power spectrum multi-stage ejector hydrogen circulation system according to an embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a wide power spectrum multi-stage ejector hydrogen circulation system according to an embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a variant of an ejector according to an embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an ejector ejection ratio map of a single-stage jet-ejector assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a wide power spectrum multi-stage ejector hydrogen cycle system control strategy according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] The figure number meaning: 1 high pressure hydrogen cylinder group; 2 bottle valve group; 3 pressure regulating valve; 4 the nth stage hydrogen jet ejector group; 5 the nth stage pressure transmitter; 6 the 2nd stage pressure transmitter; 7 the 2nd stage ejector; 8 the nth stage ejector; 9 the stack anode inlet pressure transmitter; 10 the stack; 11 the hydrogen exhaust valve; 12 the water exhaust valve; 13 the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter; 14 the water vapor separator; 15 the 1st stage ejector; 16 the 1st stage pressure transmitter; 17 the 1st stage hydrogen jet ejector group; 18 the 2nd stage hydrogen jet ejector group; 19 the nth stage ejector pressure transmitter; 20 the 2nd stage ejector pressure transmitter; 21 high pressure gas supply device; 22 the 1st stage jet-ejector assembly; 23 the 2nd stage jet-ejector assembly; 24 the nth stage jet-ejector assembly; 25 jet-ejector assembly; 26 control module; 27 stack valve group; 28 proportional regulating valve; 29 jet inlet; 30 ejector inlet; 31 ejector outlet; 32 water exhaust hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application aims to provide a wide power spectrum multi-stage ejector hydrogen cycle system, which can have sufficient ejector ejection ratio in the low, medium and high power range of the fuel cell system, and maintain the required excess hydrogen coefficient, and solve the problem of residual water vapor condensation in the ejector, which cannot be discharged, resulting in the freezing of the residual water vapor condensation in the ejector at low ambient temperature.

[0028] In order to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first stage", "second stage" and the like used in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so as to describe the embodiments of the present application described herein.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "including" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "mounting", "arranging", "providing", "connecting", and "communicating" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be indirect communication through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0032] Figures 1-6 For a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0033] A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen circulation system, comprising a high-pressure hydrogen supply device 21, a multistage ejector device 25, a control module 26 and a stack valve group 28, high-pressure hydrogen gas flows out to the multistage ejector device 25 after being decompressed by the high-pressure hydrogen supply device 21, the control module 26 analyzes the operating conditions of the fuel cell system and controls the entrainment ratio of the multistage ejector device 25, so that hydrogen gas flows out from the multistage ejector device 25 to the anode inlet of the stack valve group, and the remaining sufficient humid hydrogen gas flows out from the anode outlet of the stack valve group through the first-stage ejector 15 of the multistage ejector device 25, so that the multistage ejector hydrogen circulation system forms a loop.

[0034] Preferably, the high-pressure hydrogen supply device 21 is composed of a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group 1, a cylinder valve group 2 and a pressure regulating valve 3, high-pressure hydrogen gas flows out from the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group 1 through the cylinder valve group 2, and then is decompressed to the pressure range required by the fuel cell system through the pressure regulating valve 3, to provide a hydrogen source for the multistage ejector device 25.

[0035] Preferably, the multistage ejector device 25 is composed of a plurality of single-stage jet ejector assemblies 24 (23, 22) highly integrated by hydrogen jet groups 4 (18, 17), pressure transmitters 5 (6, 16) and ejectors 8 (7, 15), the number of stages ranges from 2 to 10, the hydrogen jet group 4 (18, 17) in the single-stage jet ejector assembly 24 (23, 22) is composed of a plurality of hydrogen jets in parallel, and the pressure transmitter 5 (6, 16) is located between the hydrogen jet group 4 (18, 17) and the ejector 8 (7, 15).

[0036] Preferably, the hydrogen ejector groups 4 (18, 17) in each stage ejector-ejector assembly 24 (23, 22) are connected in parallel, the ejectors 8 (7, 15) in each stage ejector-ejector assembly 24 (23, 22) are connected in series, and a pressure transmitter is installed between the ejector outlet of the upper stage ejector-ejector assembly and the ejector inlet of the lower stage ejector-ejector assembly, such as the hydrogen ejector group 17 in the first stage ejector-ejector assembly 22 and the hydrogen ejector group 18 in the second stage ejector-ejector assembly 23 are connected in parallel, the ejector 15 outlet in the first stage ejector-ejector assembly 22 and the ejector 7 inlet in the second stage ejector-ejector assembly 23 are connected in series, and a pressure transmitter 20 is installed between the ejector 15 outlet in the first stage ejector-ejector assembly 22 and the ejector 7 inlet in the second stage ejector-ejector assembly 23.

[0037] Preferably, the stack valve group 27 consists of the stack 10, the stack anode inlet pressure transmitter 9, the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter 13, the water vapor separator 14, the hydrogen exhaust valve 11, and the water exhaust valve 12, the stack anode inlet pressure transmitter 9 is located at the anode inlet of the stack 10, the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter 13 is located at the anode outlet of the stack 10, and the water exhaust valve 12 and the hydrogen exhaust valve 11 are installed at the anode outlet of the stack 10.

[0038] Preferably, the multi-stage ejector device 25 consisting of multiple single-stage ejector-ejector assemblies 22 (23, 24) has the same, different, or partially same flow-pressure characteristic curves between the hydrogen ejector groups 17 (18, 4) in each stage, and the performance parameters of the ejectors 15 (7, 8) in each stage can be the same, different, or partially same, the ejectors 15 (7, 8) can be conventional single-stage ejectors with only one jet inlet 29, one ejector inlet 30, and one ejector outlet 31, and a variant of the ejector 15 (7, 8) is shown in FIG. 4. Figure 4 The ejector 15 (7, 8) is provided with a water drain hole 32 connected in parallel with the ejector inlet 30.

[0039] Preferably, the ejector 15 (7, 8) in the variant mode in each stage ejector-ejector assembly is connected with the water exhaust valve 12 of the stack valve group 27 through the water drain hole 32, as shown in FIG. 5. Figure 3 When the fuel cell is shut down, the condensed water generated by the humid hydrogen remaining in the ejector 15 (7, 8) at low ambient temperature can flow out through the water drain hole 32 and be collected at the water exhaust valve 12 of the stack valve group 27, which can prevent the problem of water vapor freezing in the ejectors 15 (7, 8) in the multi-stage ejector-ejector assembly during cold start due to the low ambient temperature.

[0040] Preferably, the connection sequence of the multi-stage ejector assembly 25 and the stack valve group 27 can be various combinations, for example, the single-stage ejector assembly connected to the stack anode inlet of the stack valve group 27 is the first stage, and the single-stage ejector assembly connected to the water vapor separator 14 of the stack anode outlet of the stack valve group 27 is the nth stage, or the single-stage ejector assembly connected to the stack anode inlet of the stack valve group 27 is the nth stage, and the single-stage ejector assembly connected to the water vapor separator 27 of the stack anode outlet of the stack valve group 27 is the first stage, for example, the outlet of the nth-stage ejector assembly 24 of the multi-stage ejector assembly 25 is connected to the stack anode inlet of the stack 10, and the water vapor separator 14 of the stack valve group 27 is connected to the ejector 15 of the first-stage ejector assembly 22 of the multi-stage ejector assembly 25.

[0041] Preferably, the control module 26 calculates the gas supply amount of each stage of the hydrogen ejector assembly 17 (18, 4) and the required gas supply amount of the stack according to the signals of the pressure transmitters 16 (6, 5) of each stage of the ejector assembly 22 (23, 24), the stack power, the stack anode inlet transmitter 9, and the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter 13, adjusts the number of open single-stage ejector assemblies 22 (23, 24) to meet the hydrogen flow rate flowing into the stack anode inlet of the stack 10 under different power conditions, and controls the opening frequency and duty cycle of the multiple hydrogen ejectors of the hydrogen ejector assembly 17 (18, 4) in each stage of the ejector assembly 22 (23, 24) by PWM pulse width modulation to meet the required jet flow rate and jet pressure of the ejector assembly 22 (23, 24) according to the ejector map.

[0042] Preferably, the number of each stage of the ejector assembly 22 (23, 24) in the multi-stage ejector assembly 25 is controlled by the control module 26 according to the electrical power condition, for example, in a low-power condition, only the first-stage ejector assembly 22 in the multi-stage ejector assembly 25 is opened due to the small amount of hydrogen required by the stack 10, in a medium-high power condition, the number of opened stages of the ejector assembly in the multi-stage ejector assembly 25 is increased, but the number of opened stages is less than the total number of stages of the ejector assembly in the multi-stage ejector assembly 25, and in a high-power condition, all stages of the ejector assembly in the multi-stage ejector assembly 25 are opened to meet the required hydrogen of the stack 10 and the excess amount of hydrogen in the stack 10.

[0043] Preferably, a variant of the ejector assembly 24 in the multi-stage ejector assembly 25 is to add a proportional control valve 28 in front of the ejector 8 in the ejector assembly 24, for example,Figure 2 As shown, two ends of the proportional regulating valve 28 are connected with the ejector 8 and the hydrogen ejector group 4 respectively, and the other end is connected with the anode inlet of the stack 10. The single-stage ejector assembly composed of the hydrogen ejector group 4, the pressure transmitter 5, the proportional regulating valve 28 and the ejector 8 can be located in any stage of the multi-stage ejector device 25. The single-stage ejector assembly 24 is mainly used to reduce the influence of other stages of the ejector assembly on the anode gas pressure and flow rate of the fuel cell stack 10, and to ensure that the anode inlet pressure and flow rate of the stack 10 meet the requirements at all times in a certain transient state. When the anode inlet pressure or flow rate of the stack 10 is unstable, the proportional regulating valve 28 in the single-stage ejector assembly 24 directly passes part or all of the hydrogen gas flowing into the single-stage ejector assembly 24 from the hydrogen ejector group 4 to the anode inlet of the stack 10, and few or no gas flows into the single-stage ejector assembly 24 from the ejector jet port.

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with the aid of drawings and are not intended to limit the present application. The present application can be variously changed, combined and modified by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, combination, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen cycle system, characterized by, The hydrogen gas is reduced in pressure by a high-pressure hydrogen supply device and then flows into a multi-stage ejector device. A control module analyzes the operating conditions of the fuel cell system and controls the ejecting ratio of the multi-stage ejector device, so that the hydrogen gas flows from the multi-stage ejector device to the anode inlet of the stack valve group, and the remaining sufficient humid hydrogen gas is ejected from the anode outlet of the stack valve group through the first-stage ejector of the multi-stage ejector device, so that a multi-stage ejector hydrogen circulation system forms a loop. The multi-stage ejector device is composed of multiple groups of single-stage jet-ejector assemblies which are integrated with hydrogen jet groups, pressure transmitters and ejectors. The number of stages ranges from 2 to 10. The hydrogen jet group in the single-stage jet-ejector assembly is composed of multiple hydrogen jets in parallel. The pressure transmitter is located between the hydrogen jet group and the ejector. The hydrogen jets in each stage of the jet-ejector assembly are connected in parallel, and the ejectors in each stage are connected in series. An ejecting pressure transmitter is arranged between the outlet of the ejector in the upper stage and the inlet of the ejector in the lower stage. The ejector includes a jet inlet, an ejecting inlet, an ejector outlet and a drainage hole connected in parallel with the ejecting inlet. A proportional adjusting valve is arranged in front of the ejector of a certain stage of the multi-stage ejector device. The two ends of the proportional adjusting valve are connected with the ejector and the hydrogen jet group respectively, and the other end is connected with the anode inlet of the stack. The single-stage jet-ejector assembly composed of the hydrogen jet group, the pressure transmitter, the proportional adjusting valve and the ejector can be arranged at any stage of the multi-stage ejector device.

2. A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen cycle system according to claim 1, wherein, The high-pressure hydrogen supply device is composed of a high-pressure hydrogen bottle group, a bottle valve group and a pressure regulating valve. The high-pressure hydrogen gas flows out of the high-pressure hydrogen bottle group through the bottle valve group, and then is reduced in pressure by the pressure regulating valve to the pressure range required by the fuel cell system, so as to provide a hydrogen source for the multi-stage ejector device.

3. A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen cycle system according to claim 1, wherein, The stack valve group is composed of a stack, a stack anode inlet pressure transmitter, a stack anode outlet pressure transmitter, a water vapor separator, a hydrogen discharge valve and a water discharge valve. The stack anode inlet pressure transmitter is located at the stack anode inlet, and the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter is located at the stack anode outlet. The water discharge valve and the hydrogen discharge valve are installed at the stack anode outlet.

4. A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen cycle system according to claim 3, wherein, The multi-stage ejector device composed of multiple groups of single-stage jet-ejector assemblies has the same, different or partially same flow-pressure characteristic curves between the hydrogen jet groups of each stage, and has the same, different or partially same performance parameters of the ejectors of each stage.

5. A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen cycle system according to claim 3, wherein, The connection sequence of the single-stage ejector assembly in the multi-stage ejector device and the stack valve group can be various combinations. The single-stage ejector assembly connected to the stack anode inlet of the stack valve group can be the first stage, and the single-stage ejector assembly connected to the water vapor separator at the stack anode outlet of the stack valve group can be the nth stage. Alternatively, the single-stage ejector assembly connected to the stack anode inlet of the stack valve group can be the nth stage, and the single-stage ejector assembly connected to the water vapor separator at the stack anode outlet of the stack valve group can be the first stage.

6. A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen cycle system according to claim 3, wherein, The control module calculates the gas supply amount of each stage of the hydrogen ejector group and the required gas supply amount of the stack according to the signals of the pressure transmitters in each stage of the single-stage ejector assembly, the stage ejector pressure transmitters, the stack power, the stack anode inlet transmitter, and the stack anode outlet pressure transmitter. The number of open single-stage ejector assemblies is adjusted to meet the hydrogen flow rate flowing into the stack anode inlet under different power conditions. The opening frequency and duty cycle of the multiple hydrogen ejectors in the hydrogen ejector group in each stage of the single-stage ejector assembly are controlled by PWM pulse width modulation to meet the required jet flow rate and jet pressure of the ejector ratio Map in each stage of the single-stage ejector assembly.

7. A wide power spectrum multistage ejector hydrogen cycle system according to claim 3, wherein, The number of single-stage ejector assemblies used in the multi-stage ejector device is controlled by the control module according to the power condition. In the low-power condition, only the first stage of the multi-stage ejector assembly needs to be opened due to the small amount of hydrogen required by the stack. In the medium and high-power condition, the number of stages of the multi-stage ejector assembly increases, but the number of opened stages is less than the total number of stages of the multi-stage ejector assembly. In the high-power condition, all stages of the multi-stage ejector assembly are opened to meet the required hydrogen of the stack and the excess amount of hydrogen in the stack.

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