Antenna device and terminal equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of PCB printed antennas, and discloses an antenna device and a terminal device. The antenna device includes a substrate, the substrate has a first board edge; a grounding metal layer is formed with a plurality of clearance areas; an antenna body corresponding to the clearance areas one by one, and the antenna body is connected to the grounding metal layer for feeding; the antenna body includes a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is parallel to the first board edge, and the second branch is perpendicular to the first board edge; there is a first gap between the first branch and the fourth side edge, a second gap between the first branch and the first board edge, a third gap between the second branch and the second side edge, and a fourth gap between the second branch and the first side edge; the distance between the seventh side edge and the first side edge is L 17 , the distance between the first branch and the first side is L 11 , the distance between the fifth side and the first side is L 15 , L 17 <L 11 <L 15 The present invention can achieve bandwidth requirements, and antenna efficiency and isolation meet standard requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of PCB printed antennas, and in particular to an antenna device and a terminal device. Background Art

[0002] The operating frequency band of the WiFi6E module is 2.4GHz-2.5GHz and 5.1GHz-7.2GHz, and the high-frequency band bandwidth reaches 2.1GHz. For the flat printed antenna on the PCB module, ordinary antenna design is difficult to meet such bandwidth requirements. Since the operating frequency band of the WiFi6E antenna is very wide, the general WiFi6E antenna design adopts an external antenna. However, if an external antenna is used, the antenna is expensive, occupies a large space, and has poor versatility. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention discloses an antenna device and a terminal device, which realize the bandwidth requirements of a WiFi6E ultra-wideband antenna and a BT dual-band antenna, and both the antenna efficiency and isolation meet the standard requirements for use.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an antenna device, comprising:

[0006] A substrate having a first plate edge;

[0007] A grounding metal layer printed on the substrate, the grounding metal layer forming a plurality of clearance areas; the clearance area comprises a first side edge, a second side edge, a third side edge, a fourth side edge, a fifth side edge, a sixth side edge and a seventh side edge connected in sequence, and the opening of the clearance area faces the first board edge; wherein the first side edge, the third side edge, the fifth side edge and the seventh side edge are all perpendicular to the first board edge, and the second side edge, the fourth side edge and the sixth side edge are all parallel to the first board edge;

[0008] An antenna body corresponding to the clearance area one by one, the antenna body being connected to the ground metal layer for feeding; the antenna body comprising a first branch and a second branch, the first branch being parallel to the first board edge, the second branch being perpendicular to the first board edge, and the second branch being located on the side of the first branch close to the first side edge; a first gap being provided between the first branch and the fourth side edge, a second gap being provided between the first branch and the first board edge, a third gap being provided between the second branch and the second side edge, and a fourth gap being provided between the second branch and the first side edge; a distance between the seventh side edge and the first side edge is L 17 , the distance between the first branch and the first side away from one end of the first side is L11 , the distance between the fifth side and the first side is L 15 , L 17 <L 11 <L 15 .

[0009] The above-mentioned antenna device adopts an antenna printed on a substrate such as a PCB board, which has low design cost, high consistency, and small design space. The gap between the antenna body and the grounded metal layer forms a capacitive effect, which can effectively improve the working bandwidth of the antenna. The first branch of the antenna body is perpendicular to the second branch, and the current path of the first branch is perpendicular to the current path of the second branch, forming a closed current loop. The width of the first gap affects the bandwidth width of the WiFi6E frequency band; the width of the second gap has a greater impact on the operating frequency of Bluetooth 2.4GHz and WiFi6E. The closer the distance to the first board edge, the lower the resonance; the width of the third gap will affect the current intensity between the feed and the ground, thereby affecting the resonance depth of the antenna; and the current loop in the third gap forms a coupling current, which affects the antenna bandwidth; the fourth gap can excite the current loop to form a strong electromagnetic field environment, which is crucial to the performance radiation of the antenna. The first branch is away from the end of the first side, that is, the distance L between the end of the first branch and the first side. 11 Greater than the distance L between the seventh side and the first side 17 The strong current distribution at the end of the first branch can strengthen the coupling between the feed and the ground, enhance the radiation performance of the antenna, and the electric field strength of the antenna body at the end of the branch is stronger. The coupling of strong current can stimulate the resonance depth and radiation efficiency of the antenna. The embodiment of the present invention realizes the bandwidth requirements of WiFi6E ultra-wideband antenna and BT dual-band antenna by designing the antenna on a substrate such as PCB, and the antenna efficiency and isolation meet the standard requirements for use.

[0010] In some embodiments, the fourth gap is less than 1.5 mm.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least two of the antenna bodies are symmetrically arranged, and the axis of symmetry is parallel or perpendicular to the first board edge.

[0012] In some embodiments, the distance between the second side and the first board edge is D 12 , the distance between the fourth side and the first board edge is D 14 , the distance between the sixth side and the first board edge is D 16 , D 12 >D 14 >D 16 .

[0013] In some embodiments, the antenna body further includes a third branch parallel to the second branch, the third branch is connected to an end of the first branch away from the second branch, and the third branch and the second branch are located on the same side of the first branch.

[0014] In some embodiments, the antenna body further includes a fourth branch parallel to the first branch, and the fourth branch is connected to an end of the second branch away from the first branch.

[0015] In some embodiments, the clearance area further includes an eighth side and a ninth side located between the third side and the fourth side, and the eighth side is connected to the ninth side at one end away from the third side; the eighth side is parallel to the first board side, and the ninth side is perpendicular to the first board side;

[0016] The distance between the third side and the first side is L 13 , the distance between the ninth side and the first side is L 19 , L 13 >L 19 .

[0017] In some embodiments, the plurality of clearance areas formed by the grounding metal layer include at least: a first clearance area and a second clearance area, and the third gap in the first clearance area is smaller than the third gap in the second clearance area.

[0018] In some embodiments, the clearance area further includes a tenth side, an eleventh side, a twelfth side, and a thirteenth side located between the second side and the third side and connected in sequence, the tenth side and the twelfth side are both perpendicular to the first board side, the eleventh side and the thirteenth side are both parallel to the first board side; a fifth gap is provided between the second branch and the eleventh side;

[0019] The distance between the tenth side and the first side is L 110 , the distance between the twelfth side and the first side is L 112 , the distance between the third side and the first side is L 13 , L 110 <L 112 <L 13 .

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a terminal device, comprising the antenna device as described in any one of the first aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central clearance area;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the gaps between the antenna body and the ground metal layer;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the current path of the antenna device;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of return loss of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a 2.45 GHz antenna radiation loop simulation of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a 5.75 GHz antenna radiation loop simulation of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a 7 GHz antenna radiation loop simulation of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the isolation between dual antennas in an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10a-Figure 10c A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11a-Figure 11c A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12a-12c A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13a-Figure 13c A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 14a-Figure 14c A schematic structural diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Icon: 100-substrate; 200-ground metal layer; 300-antenna body; 400-clearance area; 500-feeding point; 110-first board edge; 120-second board edge; 210-first ground branch; 220-second ground branch; 230-third ground branch; 240-metal ground; 250-fourth ground branch; 260-fifth ground branch; 270-sixth ground branch; 310-first branch; 320 -second branch; 330-third branch; 340-fourth branch; 401-first side; 402-second side; 403-third side; 404-fourth side; 405-fifth side; 406-sixth side; 407-seventh side; 408-eighth side; 409-ninth side; 410-tenth side; 411-eleventh side; 412-twelfth side; 413-thirteenth side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna device, including:

[0038] The substrate 100 has a first plate edge 110;

[0039] A grounding metal layer 200 is printed on the substrate 100, and the grounding metal layer 200 is formed with a plurality of clearance areas 400; the clearance areas 400 include a first side 401, a second side 402, a third side 403, a fourth side 404, a fifth side 405, a sixth side 406, and a seventh side 407 which are sequentially connected, and the opening of the clearance area 400 faces the first board edge 110; wherein the first side 401, the third side 403, the fifth side 405, and the seventh side 407 are all perpendicular to the first board edge 110, and the second side 402, the fourth side 404, and the sixth side 406 are all parallel to the first board edge 110;

[0040] The antenna body 300 corresponds to the clearance area 400 one by one, and the antenna body 300 is connected to the ground metal layer 200 for feeding; the antenna body 300 includes a first branch 310 and a second branch 320, the first branch 310 is parallel to the first board edge 110, the second branch 320 is perpendicular to the first board edge 110, and the second branch 320 is located on the side of the first branch 310 close to the first side 401; there is a first gap H1 between the first branch 310 and the fourth side 404, there is a second gap H2 between the first branch 310 and the first board edge 110, there is a third gap H3 between the second branch 320 and the second side 402, and there is a fourth gap H4 between the second branch 320 and the first side 401; the distance between the seventh side 407 and the first side 401 is L 17 The distance between the first branch 310 and the first side 401 is L. 11 , the distance between the fifth side 405 and the first side 401 is L 15 , L 17 <L 11 <L 15 .

[0041] The above antenna device adopts a printed antenna on a substrate 100 such as a PCB board, which has low design cost, high consistency, and small design space. The gap between the antenna body 300 and the ground metal layer 200 forms a capacitive effect, which can effectively improve the working bandwidth of the antenna. The first branch 310 of the antenna body 300 is perpendicular to the second branch 320, and the current path of the first branch 310 is perpendicular to the current path of the second branch 320, forming a closed current loop. The width of the first gap H1 affects the bandwidth of the WiFi6E frequency band; the width of the second gap H2 has a greater impact on the operating frequency of Bluetooth 2.4GHz and WiFi6E. The closer the distance to the first board edge 110, the lower the resonance; the width of the third gap H3 will affect the current intensity between the feed and the ground, thereby affecting the resonance depth of the antenna; and the current loop in the third gap H3 forms a coupling current, which affects the antenna bandwidth; the fourth gap H4 can excite the current loop to form a strong electromagnetic field environment, which is crucial to the performance radiation of the antenna. The distance L between the end of the first branch 310 away from the first side 401, that is, the end of the first branch 310 and the first side 401 11 Greater than the distance L between the seventh side 407 and the first side 401 17The strong current distribution at the end of the first branch 310 can strengthen the coupling between the feed and the ground, enhance the radiation performance of the antenna, and the electric field strength of the antenna body 300 at the end of the branch is stronger. The coupling of strong current can stimulate the resonance depth and radiation efficiency of the antenna. The embodiment of the present invention implements the bandwidth requirements of the WiFi6E ultra-wideband antenna and the BT dual-band antenna by designing the antenna on a substrate 100 such as a PCB, and the antenna efficiency and isolation meet the standard requirements for use.

[0042] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 2 The substrate 100 includes a first board edge 110 and a second board edge 120 connected vertically, the second board edge 120 extends along the X direction, and the first board edge 110 extends along the Y direction. The grounding metal layer 200 includes a first ground branch 210, a second ground branch 220, a third ground branch 230 and a metal ground 240, the third ground branch 230 is T-shaped, and the portion of the third ground branch 230 extending along the Y direction is directly connected to the metal ground 240, and the portion of the third ground branch 230 extending along the X direction is connected to the second ground branch 220; the second ground branch 220 is a rectangle extending along the X direction, and the second ground branch 220 is located on the side of the third branch 330 away from the metal ground 240; the first ground branch 210 is a rectangle extending along the Y direction, and the first branch 310 is connected to both ends of the second branch 320. The first ground branch node 210, the second ground branch node 220, the third ground branch node 230 and the metal ground 240 form a clearance area 400 opening toward the first board edge 110 on the side close to the first board edge 110. Figure 2 The clearance area 400 on the left side. The antenna body 300 is formed in the clearance area 400, and the antenna body 300 includes a first branch 310 and a second branch 320 that are vertically connected, and the second branch 320 is located on the side of the first branch 310 close to the metal ground 240. The first branch 310 is connected to the feeding point 500, and the second branch 320 is connected to the feeding point 500. Exemplarily, the first branch 310 and the second branch 320 share a feeding point 500. A first gap H1 is formed between the first branch 310 and the third ground branch 230, a second gap H2 is formed between the first branch 310 and the first board edge 110, a third gap H3 is formed between the second branch 320 and the third ground branch 230, and a fourth gap H4 is formed between the second branch 320 and the metal ground 240.

[0043] In some embodiments, the fourth gap H4 is less than 1.5 mm.

[0044] In some embodiments, at least two antenna bodies 300 are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetry axis is parallel or perpendicular to the first board edge 110 .

[0045] One possible way to achieve this is Figure 2The two antenna bodies 300 are designed to be symmetrical about the straight line AA, wherein the straight line AA is parallel to the first board edge 110. However, it should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a symmetrical design, nor is it limited to a dual antenna design, i.e., two antenna bodies 300. The embodiment of the present invention can be a multi-antenna design with more than two antennas.

[0046] In some embodiments, there is an overlapping area between the first branch node 310 and the first ground branch node 210 in the Y direction, and the end of the first branch node 310 is higher than the end of the first ground branch node 210. The strong current distribution at the end of the first branch node 310 can strengthen the coupling between the feed and the ground and enhance the radiation performance of the antenna; the end length of the second branch node 320 and the current loop between the third ground branch node 230 form a coupling current, which affects the antenna bandwidth.

[0047] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 3 , the distance between the seventh side 407 and the first side 401 is L 17 The distance between the first branch 310 and the first side 401 is L. 11 , the distance between the fifth side 405 and the first side 401 is L 15 , the distance between the third side 403 and the first side 401 is L 13 , L 13 <L 17 <L 11 <L 15 .

[0048] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 , the distance between the second side edge 402 and the first board edge 110 is D 12 , the distance between the fourth side edge 404 and the first board edge 110 is D 14 , the distance between the sixth side edge 406 and the first board edge 110 is D 16 , D 12 >D 14 >D 16 .

[0049] In some embodiments, the first branch 310 and the second branch 320 in the antenna body 300 are perpendicular to each other, and the current path on the first branch 310 and the current path on the second branch 320 are perpendicular to each other, forming a closed current loop. Figure 4 shown.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the return loss of the antenna device is as follows: Figure 5As shown, the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents S parameters in dB. It can be seen that the antenna resonates in both 2.4GHz-2.5GHz and 5.1GHz-7.2GHz, and in the 5.1GHz-7.2GHz frequency band, the antenna meets the bandwidth of 2.1GHz and exceeds the bandwidth requirement.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, an antenna radiation loop at 2.45 GHz, i.e., between 2.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz, is formed between the second branch 320 and the third branch 230. Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention forms multiple antenna radiation loops above 5 GHz, thereby widening the antenna bandwidth. Specifically, Figure 7 The antenna radiation loop of 5.75GHz, Figure 8 It is the 7GHz antenna radiation loop.

[0052] like Fig. 9 The figure shows the isolation between the two antennas, where the horizontal axis represents the frequency in GHz and the vertical axis represents the isolation in dB. It can be seen that the two antennas also have good isolation, which is less than -20dB, and its performance is not lower than that of the external antenna. For example, the isolation S2,1 of the two antennas at 7.3GHz is about -53dB.

[0053] Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention uses a printed antenna design on a PCB, which has low design cost and small design space, and meets the requirement of 2.1 GHz antenna bandwidth. In addition, the antenna efficiency and isolation meet the standard requirements for use.

[0054] In some embodiments, the antenna body 300 further includes a third branch 330 parallel to the second branch 320 , the third branch 330 is connected to an end of the first branch 310 away from the second branch 320 , and the third branch 330 and the second branch 320 are located on the same side of the first branch 310 .

[0055] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.10a The end of the first branch 310, that is, the end of the first branch 310 away from the second branch 320, is connected to the third branch 330, the third branch 330 is parallel to the second branch 320, and the third branch 330 is located on the side of the first branch 310 away from the first board edge 110, that is, Fig.10a The length of the third branch 330 along the X direction is less than the length of the second branch 320 along the X direction, and the length of the third branch 330 along the Y direction is less than the length of the second branch 320 along the Y direction. The gap formed between the third branch 330 and the fourth side 404 is marked as H1 ’. The width of the first slot H1 affects the bandwidth of the WiFi6E frequency band; the width of the second slot H2 has a great influence on the operating frequencies of Bluetooth 2.4GHz and WiFi6E. The closer the distance to the first board edge 110, the lower the resonance will be; the width of the third slot H3 will affect the current intensity between the feed and the ground, thereby affecting the resonance depth of the antenna; and the current loop in the third slot H3 forms a coupling current, which affects the antenna bandwidth; the fourth slot H4 can excite the current loop and form a strong electromagnetic field environment, which is crucial to the performance radiation of the antenna. Reference Fig.10b , the distance between the seventh side 407 and the first side 401 is L 17 The distance between the first branch 310 and the first side 401 is L. 11 , the distance between the fifth side 405 and the first side 401 is L 15 , the distance between the third side 403 and the first side 401 is L 13 , L 13 <L 17 <L 11 <L 15 The distance between the second side edge 402 and the first board edge 110 is D 12 , the distance between the fourth side edge 404 and the first board edge 110 is D 14 , the distance between the sixth side edge 406 and the first board edge 110 is D 16 , D 12 >D 14 >D 16 . Fig.10c The schematic diagram of the current path of the antenna is shown as an example. It can be seen that adding the third branch 330 physically changes the current loop path of the antenna. By optimizing the position and gap width between the third branch 330 and the ground metal layer 200, a strong current between the third branch 330 and the ground metal layer 200 can be stimulated. When the width of the substrate 100, such as a PCB board, is limited and the size is reduced, by adding a new radiation branch, namely the third branch 330, the current loop path can be changed to optimize the frequency resonance position and radiation intensity of the antenna.

[0056] In some embodiments, the antenna body 300 further includes a fourth branch 340 parallel to the first branch 310 , and the fourth branch 340 is connected to an end of the second branch 320 away from the first branch 310 .

[0057] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.11a The end of the second branch 320, that is, the end of the second branch 320 away from the first branch 310, is connected to the fourth branch 340, the third branch 330 is parallel to the first branch 310, and the fourth branch 340 and the first branch 310 are respectively located on both sides of the second branch 320, that is, Fig.11aIn the figure, the fourth branch 340 and the first branch 310 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the second branch 320, but the length of the fourth branch 340 along the Y direction is less than the length of the first branch 310 along the Y direction. A third gap H3 is formed between the fourth branch 340 and the second side 402. The width of the first gap H1 affects the bandwidth width of the WiFi6E frequency band; the width of the second gap H2 has a greater impact on the operating frequencies of Bluetooth 2.4GHz and WiFi6E. The closer the distance to the first board edge 110, the lower the resonance; the width of the third gap H3 will affect the current intensity between the feed and the ground, thereby affecting the resonance depth of the antenna; and the current loop in the third gap H3 forms a coupling current, which affects the antenna bandwidth; the fourth gap H4 can excite the current loop and form a strong electromagnetic field environment, which is crucial to the performance radiation of the antenna. Reference Fig.11b , the distance between the seventh side 407 and the first side 401 is L 17 The distance between the first branch 310 and the first side 401 is L. 11 , the distance between the fifth side 405 and the first side 401 is L 15 , the distance between the third side 403 and the first side 401 is L 13 , L 13 <L 17 <L 11 <L 15 The distance between the second side edge 402 and the first board edge 110 is D 12 , the distance between the fourth side edge 404 and the first board edge 110 is D 14 , the distance between the sixth side edge 406 and the first board edge 110 is D 16 , D 12 >D 14 >D 16 . Fig.11c The schematic diagram of the current path of the antenna is shown as an example. It can be seen that adding the fourth branch 340 physically changes the current loop path of the antenna. By optimizing the position and gap width between the fourth branch 340 and the ground metal layer 200, a strong current between the fourth branch 340 and the ground metal layer 200 can be stimulated. When the width of the substrate 100, such as a PCB board, is limited and the size is reduced, by adding a new radiation branch, namely the fourth branch 340, the current loop path can be changed to optimize the frequency resonance position and radiation intensity of the antenna.

[0058] In some embodiments, the clearance area 400 further includes an eighth side 408 and a ninth side 409 located between the third side 403 and the fourth side 404, and the eighth side 408 is connected to the ninth side 409 at one end away from the third side 403; the eighth side 408 is parallel to the first board edge 110, and the ninth side 409 is perpendicular to the first board edge 110; the distance between the third side 403 and the first side 401 is L 13 , the distance between the ninth side 409 and the first side 401 is L 19 , L 13 >L 19 .

[0059] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.12a , the width of the first slot H1 affects the bandwidth of the WiFi6E frequency band; the width of the second slot H2 has a great influence on the operating frequency of Bluetooth 2.4GHz and WiFi6E. The closer the distance to the first board edge 110, the lower the resonance; the width of the third slot H3 affects the current intensity between the feed and the ground, thereby affecting the resonance depth of the antenna; and the current loop in the third slot H3 forms a coupling current, which affects the antenna bandwidth; the fourth slot H4 can excite the current loop to form a strong electromagnetic field environment, which is crucial to the performance radiation of the antenna. The third ground branch 230 is connected to the fourth ground branch 250 extending along the Y direction. The side of the fourth ground branch 250 away from the metal ground 240 overlaps with the side of the third ground branch 230 as the third side 403. The sides of the third ground branch 230 and the fourth ground branch 250 close to the first board edge 110 are spliced ​​to form the fourth side 404. The other two sides of the fourth ground branch 250 form the eighth side 408 and the ninth side 409. The eighth side 408 is parallel to the first board edge 110, and the ninth side 409 is perpendicular to the first board edge 110; Figure 12b , the distance between the seventh side 407 and the first side 401 is L 17 The distance between the first branch 310 and the first side 401 is L. 11 , the distance between the fifth side 405 and the first side 401 is L 15 , the distance between the third side 403 and the first side 401 is L 13 , the distance between the ninth side 409 and the first side 401 is L 19 , L 19 <L 13 <L 17 <L 11 <L 15 The distance between the second side edge 402 and the first board edge 110 is D 12 , the distance between the fourth side edge 404 and the first board edge 110 is D 14, the distance between the sixth side edge 406 and the first board edge 110 is D 16 , D 12 >D 14 >D 16 . Fig.12c The example shows Fig.12a The simulation diagram of the radiation loop of the antenna in the figure, where the sparseness of the arrows, the size of the arrows, and the depth of the arrow colors can all indicate the magnitude of the current intensity. For example, the current intensity is high in areas with high arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are large in size, or at locations where the arrows are darker in color, and the current intensity is low in areas with low arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are small in size, or at locations where the arrows are lighter in color.

[0060] In some embodiments, reference Fig.13a , the third ground branch 230 is connected to the fifth ground branch 260 extending along the Y direction. Of the two sides of the fifth ground branch 260 extending along the X direction, one side overlaps with the side portion of the metal ground 240 as the first side 401, and the other side overlaps with the side of the third ground branch 230 as the third side 403. The side of the fifth ground branch 260 close to the first board edge 110 is the second side 402. The width of the first gap H1 affects the bandwidth of the WiFi6E frequency band; the width of the second gap H2 has a great influence on the operating frequency of Bluetooth 2.4GHz and WiFi6E. The closer the distance to the first board edge 110, the lower the resonance; the width of the third gap H3 affects the current intensity between the feed and the ground, thereby affecting the resonance depth of the antenna; and the current loop in the third gap H3 forms a coupling current, which affects the antenna bandwidth; the fourth gap H4 can excite the current loop to form a strong electromagnetic field environment, which is crucial to the performance radiation of the antenna.

[0061] In some embodiments, the plurality of clearance areas 400 formed by the ground metal layer 200 include at least a first clearance area 400 and a second clearance area 400 , and the third gap in the first clearance area 400 is smaller than the third gap in the second clearance area 400 .

[0062] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.13a The grounding metal layer 200 is formed with a first clearance area 400 and a second clearance area 400, and the third gap in the first clearance area 400 is smaller than the third gap in the second clearance area 400. Fig.13b , the distance between the seventh side 407 and the first side 401 is L 17 The distance between the first branch 310 and the first side 401 is L. 11 , the distance between the fifth side 405 and the first side 401 is L 15 , the distance between the third side 403 and the first side 401 is L13 , L 13 <L 17 <L 11 <L 15 The distance between the second side edge 402 and the first board edge 110 is D 12 , the distance between the fourth side edge 404 and the first board edge 110 is D 14 , the distance between the sixth side edge 406 and the first board edge 110 is D 16 , D 12 >D 14 >D 16 . Fig.13c The example shows Fig.13a The simulation diagram of the radiation loop of the antenna in the figure, where the sparseness of the arrows, the size of the arrows, and the depth of the arrow colors can all indicate the magnitude of the current intensity. For example, the current intensity is high in areas with high arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are large in size, or at locations where the arrows are darker in color, and the current intensity is low in areas with low arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are small in size, or at locations where the arrows are lighter in color.

[0063] In some embodiments, the clearance area 400 further includes a tenth side 410, an eleventh side 411, a twelfth side 412, and a thirteenth side 413 located between the second side 402 and the third side 403 and connected in sequence, the tenth side 410 and the twelfth side 412 are both perpendicular to the first board edge 110, the eleventh side 411 and the thirteenth side 413 are both parallel to the first board edge 110; there is a fifth gap H5 between the second branch 320 and the eleventh side 411; the distance between the tenth side 410 and the first side 401 is L 110 , the distance between the twelfth side 412 and the first side 401 is L 112 , the distance between the third side 403 and the first side 401 is L 13 , L 110 <L 112 <L 13 .

[0064] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.14aThe width of the first slot H1 affects the bandwidth of the WiFi6E frequency band; the width of the second slot H2 has a great influence on the operating frequencies of Bluetooth 2.4GHz and WiFi6E. The closer the distance to the first board edge 110, the lower the resonance; the width of the fifth slot H5 affects the current intensity between the feed and the ground, thereby affecting the resonance depth of the antenna; and the current loop in the fifth slot H5 forms a coupling current, which affects the antenna bandwidth; the fourth slot H4 can excite the current loop and form a strong electromagnetic field environment, which is crucial to the performance radiation of the antenna. The third ground branch 230 is connected to an L-shaped sixth ground branch 270. The side of the sixth ground branch 270 away from the metal ground 240 overlaps with the side portion of the third ground branch 230 as the third side 403. The side of the sixth ground branch 270 away from the second branch 320 overlaps with the side portion of the third ground branch 230 as the second side 402. The other sides of the sixth ground branch 270 form the tenth side 410, the eleventh side 411, the twelfth side 412 and the thirteenth side 413. The tenth side 410 and the twelfth side 412 are both perpendicular to the first board edge 110, and the eleventh side 411 and the thirteenth side 413 are both parallel to the first board edge 110; there is a fifth gap H5 between the second branch 320 and the eleventh side 411; refer to Fig.14b , the distance between the seventh side 407 and the first side 401 is L 17 The distance between the first branch 310 and the first side 401 is L. 11 , the distance between the fifth side 405 and the first side 401 is L 15 , the distance between the third side 403 and the first side 401 is L 13 , the distance between the tenth side 410 and the first side 401 is L 110 , the distance between the twelfth side 412 and the first side 401 is L 112 , L 110 <L 112 <L 13 <L 17 <L 11 <L 15 The distance between the second side edge 402 and the first board edge 110 is D 12 , the distance between the fourth side edge 404 and the first board edge 110 is D 14 , the distance between the sixth side edge 406 and the first board edge 110 is D 16 , the distance between the eleventh side edge 411 and the first board edge 110 is D 111 , D 12 >D 111 >D 14 >D 16 . Fig.14c The example shows Fig.14aThe simulation diagram of the radiation loop of the antenna in the figure, where the sparseness of the arrows, the size of the arrows, and the depth of the arrow colors can all indicate the magnitude of the current intensity. For example, the current intensity is high in areas with high arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are large in size, or at locations where the arrows are darker in color, and the current intensity is low in areas with low arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are small in size, or at locations where the arrows are lighter in color.

[0065] It should be noted that, combined with Fig.12c , Fig.13c and Fig.14c The low-frequency radiation performance is greatly affected by the grounding metal layer 200. By optimizing and designing the structure of the floor, i.e. the grounding metal layer 200 and the substrate 100, the edge field of the floor changes and the surface wave path changes at the same time. According to needs, by optimizing the ground structure, i.e. the grounding metal layer 200, the size of the gap between the antenna branches and the ground branches can be adjusted to optimize the resonance position and radiation pattern characteristics of the antenna.

[0066] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal device, comprising any antenna device as described in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0067] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that: include: A substrate having a first plate edge; A grounding metal layer printed on the substrate, the grounding metal layer forming a plurality of clearance areas; the clearance area comprises a first side edge, a second side edge, a third side edge, a fourth side edge, a fifth side edge, a sixth side edge and a seventh side edge connected in sequence, and the opening of the clearance area faces the first board edge; wherein the first side edge, the third side edge, the fifth side edge and the seventh side edge are all perpendicular to the first board edge, and the second side edge, the fourth side edge and the sixth side edge are all parallel to the first board edge; An antenna body corresponding to the clearance area one by one, the antenna body being connected to the ground metal layer for feeding; the antenna body comprising a first branch and a second branch, the first branch being parallel to the first board edge, the second branch being perpendicular to the first board edge, and the second branch being located on the side of the first branch close to the first side edge; a first gap being provided between the first branch and the fourth side edge, a second gap being provided between the first branch and the first board edge, a third gap being provided between the second branch and the second side edge, and a fourth gap being provided between the second branch and the first side edge; a distance between the seventh side edge and the first side edge is L 17 , the distance between the first branch and the first side away from one end of the first side is L 11 , the distance between the fifth side and the first side is L 15 , L 17 <L 11 <L 15 ; The clearance area further includes an eighth side and a ninth side located between the third side and the fourth side, and an end of the eighth side away from the third side is connected to the ninth side; the eighth side is parallel to the first board side, and the ninth side is perpendicular to the first board side; The distance between the third side and the first side is L 13 , the distance between the ninth side and the first side is L 19 , L 13 >L 19 .

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The fourth gap is smaller than 1.5 mm.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the antenna bodies are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetry axis is parallel or perpendicular to the first board edge.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the second side and the first board edge is D 12 , the distance between the fourth side and the first board edge is D 14 , the distance between the sixth side and the first board edge is D 16 , D 12 >D 14 >D 16 .

5. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna body further includes a third branch section parallel to the second branch section, the third branch section is connected to an end of the first branch section away from the second branch section, and the third branch section and the second branch section are located on the same side of the first branch section.

6. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna body further includes a fourth branch parallel to the first branch, and the fourth branch is connected to an end of the second branch away from the first branch.

7. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of clearance areas formed by the grounding metal layer include at least a first clearance area and a second clearance area, wherein the third gap in the first clearance area is smaller than the third gap in the second clearance area.

8. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The clearance area further includes a tenth side, an eleventh side, a twelfth side and a thirteenth side located between the second side and the third side and connected in sequence, the tenth side and the twelfth side are both perpendicular to the first board side, the eleventh side and the thirteenth side are both parallel to the first board side; a fifth gap is provided between the second branch and the eleventh side; The distance between the tenth side and the first side is L 110 , the distance between the twelfth side and the first side is L 112 , the distance between the third side and the first side is L 13 , L 110 <L 112 <L 13 .

9. A terminal device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antenna device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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